Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Investigating The Oncogenic Role Of Aberrant Ezh2 In Hepatoblastoma, Brian T Hickner, Priyanka Rao, Roma H Patel, Andrew A Badachhape, Somak Roy, Emily Schepers, Nikolai A Timchenko, James I Geller, Sarangarajan Ranganathan, Gregory M Tiao, Bruce Aronow, Takanori Takebe, Sarah E Woodfield, Sanjeev A Vasudevan, Alexander J Bondoc

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common pediatric liver malignancy. However, its cellular origin and molecular drivers remain poorly defined. Using single-nuclear RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq), we identified a proliferative, hepatocyte-derived tumor cell population (cycling HepT) enriched for Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) expression, particularly in the aggressive embryonal subtype. Integrative genomic and transcriptomic profiling confirmed EZH2 overexpression. Disruption of the PRC2 complex was evident through mislocalization and reduced expression of SUZ12, a core component. EZH2 overexpression correlated with upregulation of mitotic regulators such as AURKB and Ki67 in human HB gene expression analysis as compared to background liver. Targeted sequencing …

Defining Clinically Relevant Responses In Erectile Function: An Smsna Position Statement, Mohit Khera, Raymond C Rosen, Petar Bajic, Helen Bernie, Martin Gross, Johanna Hannan, Sevann Helo, Lawrence Jenkins Ii, Carol Podlasek, Daniel Watter, Matthew Ziegelmann, Tobias Köhler

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: To date, no scoring system has adequately defined clinical efficacy of erectile dysfunction (ED) therapies when evaluating differences between cohorts or in meta-analytic studies.

Aim: To outline the minimal criteria required for any therapy to be considered clinically effective in the treatment of ED.

Methods: An analytic review was performed of standardized ED questionnaires, with a particular emphasis placed on the International Index of Erectile Function, Erectile Function Domain (IIEF-EFD), and the minimally clinically important difference (MCID) concept. The data were used to create a societal position statement and recommendations on best practices within clinical trials to determine treatment …

Extracellular Matrix Mediates Circulating Tumor Cell Clustering In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastasis, Rong Zheng, Gad Shaulsky, Matthew J Ellis, Chonghui Cheng

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Metastatic tumor cell dissemination is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Clustered circulating tumor cells (CTCs) possess higher metastatic potential than single CTCs. Epithelial adherens junction (AJ) proteins typically mediate stable cell-cell interactions; however, these proteins are frequently lost in highly aggressive triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs), raising the question of how CTCs from such tumors cluster. Here we show that the extracellular matrix (ECM) component hyaluronan (HA) mediates AJ-independent CTC clustering in TNBCs. HA is necessary and sufficient to drive clustering of tumor cells expressing its receptor CD44. Mechanistically, HA initiates contact between neighboring cells through actin-based membrane protrusions. As …

Improving Prediction Accuracy Of Radiation-Induced Temporal Lobe Injury In Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Using Adc-Based Deep Learning And Dosiomics, Junyi Liu, Jiawei Zhou, Han Gao, Hongliang Yu, Yinsu Zhu, Baozhou Sun, Guanyu Yang, Shengfu Huang, Lirong Wu, Li Sun, Xia He

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: To investigate the potential of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map-based deep learning and dose distribution-based dosiomics in predicting radiation-induced temporal lobe injury (RTLI) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods: This retrospective study included 3578 NPC patients from Jiangsu Cancer Hospital receiving intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Ninety-four RTLI patients were recruited based on inclusion criteria and matched 1:1 with 97 control subjects using propensity scores. Patients were randomly assigned to the training cohort (n = 135) and the validation cohort (n = 59). Deep transfer learning (DTL) features and dosiomics features were extracted from ADC map and three-dimensional dose distribution, respectively. …

A Quality Improvement Staff Education To Reduce Mental Health Stigma Among Healthcare Professionals, Chinwe Anthonia Chukwumerije

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Mental health stigma among healthcare professionals remains a barrier to help-seeking behaviors, workforce well-being, and psychological safety. This Doctor of Nursing Practice project addressed a practice gap by providing standardized, evidence-based staff education to reduce mental health stigma. The practice-focused question examined whether implementing an evidence-based staff education guideline improved healthcare professionals’ knowledge, attitudes, and confidence regarding mental health stigma. An evidence-based educational intervention was developed using the ADDIE instructional design model and informed by an integrative literature review. The intervention was delivered through structured staff education sessions and evaluated using pre- and post-intervention design. Results demonstrated improved knowledge of …

Staff Education To Improve Consistent Utilization Of The Phq-9 Depression Screening Tool, Ekaette Akpabio

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) project addressed the inconsistent use of standardized depression screening tools in an outpatient behavioral health setting. The purpose of the project was to implement a structured staff education intervention to improve clinician knowledge, confidence, and consistency in PHQ-9 documentation. Guided by the Johns Hopkins Evidence-Based Practice Model, the project involved delivering targeted education to behavioral health clinicians and evaluating practice implications. Findings support that staff education promotes improved documentation practices, supports accurate symptom assessment, and enhances patient safety. Incorporating standardized screening education into onboarding and ongoing professional development may contribute to sustainable, evidence-based mental …

Staff Education Project Staff Education To Increase Knowledge Of The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Screening Tool, Linda Ejem

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This staff education doctoral project focused on educating nursing staff about the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depression screening in inpatient psychiatric care. Addressing this issue is crucial, as poor adherence leads to missed diagnoses and treatment, increased hospital visits, and poor patient outcomes. Low adherence to the PHQ-9 depression screening protocol has emerged as a significant practice gap. The purpose of this doctoral project was to increase nursing staff knowledge of the PHQ-9 depression screening tool in psychiatric care through staff education. The practice-focused question was: Does education on PHQ-9 depression symptoms improve nursing staff knowledge as compared pre- …

Resilience Education To Increase Staff Knowledge Regarding Stress Management, Patricia Ngozi Egwu

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This doctoral project implemented a staff education program to promote nursing knowledge of resilience training and stress management at an outpatient mental health clinic. Workplace stress contributes to medication errors and to poor Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) Nurse Communication scores, both of which undermine patient safety. The practice-based question was: Does resilience education enhance stress management strategy knowledge from pre- to post-education? The purpose was to evaluate whether structured resilience education improved nursing knowledge of stress management, guided by the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) model. Using the Johns Hopkins evidence-based practice (JHEBP) …

Staff Education To Medical Surgical Nurses On Structured Discharge Checklist, Johnmary Odinigwe

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Inconsistent discharge practices among medical-surgical nurses contribute to communication gaps, patient confusion, and preventable adverse outcomes following hospital discharge. Nurses, as frontline providers of discharge education, play a critical role in ensuring safe and effective transitions of care. This Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) project addressed a practice gap in nurses’ knowledge of implementing a structured discharge checklist. The purpose of this staff education project was to evaluate whether a structured discharge checklist education program would improve medical-surgical nurses’ knowledge of standardized discharge education practices. A pretest–posttest design was used to assess changes in knowledge among 36 medical-surgical nurses. Participants …

Staff Education To Nurse Practitioners On Proper Std Treatment, Jolanda Monique Amey

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This Doctor of Nursing Practice project implemented a structured staff education project to strengthen nurse practitioner knowledge related to the diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases in a public health setting. Nurse practitioners often serve as the primary providers of sexually transmitted disease care for underserved and uninsured populations. Maintaining current knowledge of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) treatment guidelines is essential to reducing reinfection, limiting transmission, and promoting safe, evidence-based care. When guideline knowledge is inconsistent or outdated, opportunities for appropriate treatment may be missed. The practice-focused question guiding this project was “Among nurse practitioners in …

Covid-19 Risky Health Behavior Among College Students, Azait Imtiaz

James Madison Undergraduate Research Journal (JMURJ)

This research explored the behavior of college students before and after the implementation of a mask mandate during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted at a public university in the Shenandoah Valley region of Virginia with 807 college students. The study assessed various factors, including living arrangements (shared living spaces such as rooms and bathrooms), social behavior (including social gatherings), adherence to mask protocols during gatherings, and hygiene practices (such as hand sanitization). The results indicated significant differences in social behavior (M_before = 19.82, M_after = 25.85, p =.001), mask-wearing (M_before = 20.73, M_after = 31.41, p …

Commentary On “Ultrasound Evaluation Of Left Ventricular Function In Coronary Artery Ectasia: The Added Value Of 2d Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography”, Eman Aslam, Maryam Amjad

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

No abstract provided.

A Glimpse Of Liver Resection Profile In An Indonesian Tertiary Hospital: A Retrospective Descriptive Study, Florencia V. Vaniara, Arnetta Nl Lalisang, Toar Jm Lalisang, Yarman Mazni, Agi S. Putranto, Wifanto S. Jeo, Febiansyah Ibrahim, Ridho A. Syaiful, Lam Sihardo, Vania Mg Marbun

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. In-depth liver resection profile is needed for evaluation to improve the procedure’s outcome. This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of liver resection in HCC patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo Tertiary Hospital.

Methods. This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 19 HCC patients who underwent liver resection in Cipto Mangunkusumo Tertiary Hospital from 2021 to 2024. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, operative, and pathological data were collected. Postoperative complications were assessed using the Clavien-Dindo classification system within 30- and 90-day postoperative periods.

Result. Nineteen patients were included, comprising 12 (63.2%) males and 7 (36.8%) females. Sixteen patients (84.2%) …

Management Of Gastrointestinal Tract Arteriovenous Malformations In Adults: A Literature Review, Febiansyah Ibrahim, Angie Beatrice

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are rare vascular lesions that can cause significant GI bleeding, posing a diagnostic challenge in clinical practice. This literature review examines the management strategies for AVMs in adults, focusing on identifying optimal treatment approaches and minimizing recurrence, particularly in Indonesia where no standardized treatment guidelines are available.

Method. A literature search was conducted from August 24, 2022, to September 11, 2023, using PUBMED®, Cochrane®, Proquest®, and Scopus® databases. The inclusion criteria were studies published in English or Indonesian within the last 25 years, including case series, cohort studies, or systematic reviews …

The Outcome Of Snare Loop Catheter For Foreign Body Removal In Superior Vena Cava: An Evidence-Based Case Report, Hutomo Rezky Noorsukma, Patrianef Darwis

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. In recent years, the utilization of central venous catheters (CVC) in medical practice has become increasingly common. One of the complications associated with central venous catheterization is embolization of catheter fragments, which arefound in 1% of cases. Currently, endovascular techniques, such as snare loop catheter, have been developed for the extraction of intravascular foreign bodies. However, there is no strong evidence regarding this method. Thisliterature review aims toevaluate the efficacy and safety of snare loop catheters for foreign body removal within the superior vena cava (SVC).

Method. We searched four databases, that is Cochrane, PubMed, EBSCO, and …

Roux-En-Y Duodenojejunostomy As Surgical Treatment For Congenital Duodenal Obstruction: A Case Report, Ahmad Yani, Albireza Ruhimat

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. Congenital duodenal obstruction is an anatomical abnormality in newborns. Various intrinsic and extrinsic etiologies can cause duodenal obstruction. The surgical treatment that is commonly performed on duodenal obstruction in neonates is duodenoduodenostomy. However, several etiological conditions, such as preduodenal portal vein (PDPV) and pancreatic annulare cause duodenoduodenostomy nearly impossible to perform, so an alternative surgery procedure with a good outcome is necessary.

Case Illustration. A female neonate had been suspected congenital duodenal obstruction since pregnancy due to polyhydramnios. An OGT was inserted with greenish yellow residue after the baby was born. Based on abdominal x-ray examination, a …

Whipple Procedure For High-Grade Pediatric Pancreatic Injury After Blunt Trauma: A Case Report, David C. El Gah, Tri H. Rahayatri, Asri D. Rachmawati, Adianto Nugroho

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction: Pediatric pancreatic injury isuncommon but carries significant morbidity. While non-operative management is standard for low-grade injuries, the optimal approach for high-grade trauma (AAST grade III–V) remains debated. Pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple procedure) is rarely performed due to high procedural risks and is typically reserved for severe pancreatic head injury with concomitant duodenal damage.

Case presentations: A 13-year-old boy presented three days after blunt abdominal trauma with epigastric pain and bilious vomiting. CT imaging revealed free fluid, a large retroperitoneal hematoma, and suspected pancreatic head injury. Despite initial stability and conservative management in the High Care Unit, worsening abdominal distension prompted an …

Locoregional Management In Breast Cancer With Brca1/2 Mutation: Evidence Based Case Report, Adlina Karisyah, Sonar S. Panigoro

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. Breast cancer is still one of the top health issues worldwide. Hereditary predisposition is linked with morbidity and mortality of breast cancer patients. BRCA 1/2 genetic mutation, one of mutations in breast cancer that has been extensively observed, has tremendous effects on the carrier. Studies showed that patients with BRCA1/2 mutation are often associated with poor pathological characteristics. Further research isyet to identify the effect of the mutation with prognosis including locoregional recurrences. This study aims to understand the risk of locoregional recurrences on the patients with breast cancer and BRCA 1/2 genetic mutation who had BCT or …

Translating Social Accountability Values Into Practice: Doctors’ Experiences From Problem- Based Learning Medical Curriculum In The United Arab Emirates, Nihar Ranjan Dash, Ahmed Alrazzak Hasswan, Mayar Abbas Ahmed Essam Samaha, Kamel A. Samara, Mohamed Hassan Taha

Abington Jefferson Health Papers

Purpose: Medical schools play a crucial role in preparing future doctors to address the health needs of patients and their communities. Graduates are expected to provide socially accountable care by upholding values such as relevance, equity, quality, and cost- effectiveness. This study explores how these values are understood and applied by medical graduates trained in problem-based learning (PBL) curricula. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among University of Sharjah medical graduates to assess their exposure to and practice of social accountability values. Results: Of the 689 graduates invited, 503 (73%) responded, including 329 (65%) women. Most respondents, 375 (75%), …

Targeting Tau In Alzheimer's Disease: Rationale, Approach And Challenges, Aram Aslanyan, Martha S Foiani, Tatiana A Giovannucci, Eric Mcdade, Karen E Duff, Catherine J Mummery, Michael Schöll, Kristin R Wildsmith, Ross W Paterson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and the leading cause of dementia characterised by the accumulation of beta amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). Several monoclonal antibodies against amyloid in early AD have shown the utility of reducing brain amyloid in large phase 3 studies, resulting in modest clinical benefit. To further slow, or even halt disease progression, targeting additional pathobiological pathways is likely to be necessary. In this review, we aim to appraise the scientific rationale for targeting tau in AD. The burden of tau pathology is correlated with disease severity and its role in …

Primary Care Providers' Perspectives On Telehealth Medicare Annual Wellness Visits For Older Adults In A Midwestern Health System, Vaibhavi Mone, Paul Estabrooks, Jane Potter, Hongmei Wang, Jungyoon Kim

Health Services and Informatics Research

Background

Medicare annual wellness visits (AWVs) are vital for older adults' preventive care, which was transitioned to telehealth modalities during COVID-19. This study examined primary care providers' perceptions of telehealth-delivered AWVs and explored the factors influencing telehealth implementation using the Practical Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM).

Participants and Setting

Twenty-five primary care providers from eight clinics within an integrated health system in the Midwestern United States were interviewed. Eligibility required having conducted at least one telehealth AWV for patients aged 65 or older between March 2023 and October 2023.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews lasting 30–45 min were conducted using purposeful …

Fructosamine And Hba1c For Monitoring Diabetes In Pregnancy: Complementary Or Competing?, Yosra Htira, Chaima Jemai, Emna Fennira, Zohra Hadj Ali, Olfa Lajili, Imen Hedfi, Jihene Bettaieb, Faika Ben Mami

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Objectives: This study aimed to perform a comparative evaluation of glycaemic control using fructosamine and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and to investigate the correlations between the means of these biomarkers and mean glycaemia in pregnant women. Methods: This prospective longitudinal study was conducted from January to December 2020 and included pregnant women with pregestational diabetes, recruited at the National Institute of Nutrition of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia, before 12 weeks of amenorrhoea and followed-up until delivery. Results: A total of 71 pregnant women were included in this study. Glycaemic values decreased over the course of pregnancy and patients achieved …

Staff Education On Implementation Of De-Escalation Techniques In An Adult Psychiatry Facility: A Quality Improvement Program To Enhance Knowledge And Reduce Aggressive Behavior, Lilian Agbonzebeta Azenabor

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Managing aggression and violence is a persistent issue in adult psychiatric facilities. Frequent aggression and violence can cause serious harm to staff, increase absenteeism and burnout, and lower job satisfaction. Stakeholders’ reports from the project site indicated inconsistent staff use of de-escalation techniques, highlighting gaps and the need to improve staff knowledge. The practice-focused question was: Will a staff education program specifically designed to implement a comprehensive staff training on de-escalation strategies increase staff’s knowledge? The purpose of this staff education project was to evaluate the effectiveness of an evidence-based training program designed to enhance staff knowledge on de-escalation techniques. …

Staff Education On Mindfulness-Based Intervention To Reduce Burnout Among Mental Health Clinicians, Abosede Oyeronke Oyedele

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Clinician burnout is increasingly prevalent in outpatient mental health settings due to high emotional demands, heavy caseloads, and limited organizational resources, contributing to reduced job satisfaction, increased turnover, and diminished quality of care. The gap in practice at the project center revealed a deficiency in knowledge among mental health clinic staff regarding effective stress management and burnout prevention, which led to the practice question: Does educating providers and staff on mindfulness-based interventions improve knowledge, as evidenced by pre- and postsurveys? To close this gap, this Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) project educated staff members on mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs). The Walden …

Staff Education To Use Mindfulness Strategies To Prevent Burnout In Psychiatric Health Settings, Rebecca Ikeoluwa Gabriel

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

There was a significant gap in practice at an outpatient psychiatric mental health clinic regarding organized, evidence-based training on mindfulness techniques to reduce stress and emotional exhaustion among psychiatric mental health staff. This project’s practice-focused question was “Does educating psychiatric mental health staff on mindfulness strategies for burnout improve their knowledge, as evidenced by pre- and post-surveys?” This educational intervention was developed, implemented, and evaluated using the Johns Hopkins Evidence-Based Practice paradigm and the ADDIE instructional design model. A literature search was conducted using CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE/PubMed, ProQuest, and the Cochrane Library, with assistance from the librarians at Walden University. …

Staff Education For Timely Sepsis Intervention At The Medical Center, Latonya Summers-Oliver

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This project developed a staff education program to clarify the concept of “time zero,” essential for timely sepsis intervention, in alignment with the SEP-1 core measure by CMS, which prescribes evidence-based treatment bundles within specific time frames. Aiming to improve staff knowledge in sepsis identification, treatment, and management, the program incorporated a literature review supporting educational strategies that enhance mortality rates and clinical outcomes. Using pre- and posttest assessments, the study demonstrated significant improvements in staff knowledge following targeted education on sepsis recognition and timely management. The findings underscore the importance of standardized, accessible training programs to improve clinical response, …

Staff Education To Improve Tirzepatide Education And Lifestyle Counseling, Daisy Asemota

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) project was a practice-focused staff education initiative designed to improve clinical staff knowledge, confidence, and readiness to educate adult patients enrolled in a Tirzepatide weight-management program. Tirzepatide has demonstrated superior weight-loss outcomes compared to other glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists; however, inconsistent staff education practices related to medication administration, adverse-event management, and lifestyle counseling present a gap in practice. Variability in staff knowledge and teaching approaches may reduce confidence, contribute to inconsistent patient education, and limit the effectiveness of evidence-based care delivery. The purpose of this DNP project was to address this practice gap …

Pro-Tip For Pro-Calcitonin: Fill It Up Or Miss The Mark​, Megan Dones, Yenci Marquez, Reese Parrish, Sanam Mistry

2025

No abstract provided.

Comparative Analysis Of Ctdna Monitoring Strategies In Advanced Nsclc With Met Exon 14 Skipping Mutations Treated With Ensartinib, Mo Zhou, Yin Zhu, Xuqi Sun, Ying Han, Rui Jin, Jun Zhao, Zhiyuan Guo, Yongchang Zhang, Yiran Meng, Fei Liu, Wen Li, Xiuning Le, Haifeng Shen, Yang Xia

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Mesenchymal-epithelial transition exon 14 skipping mutations (METex14) define a targetable molecular subset of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but optimal circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) biomarkers to guide MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy remain undefined. Within the EMBRACE trial of ensartinib, we conducted a prospective biomarker analysis with plasma collected at baseline (V0) and 4 weeks after treatment initiation (V1). ctDNA was profiled using a hybrid-capture next-generation sequencing panel covering 229 cancer-related genes, and mutations were classified into three monitoring paradigms: MET-specific alterations, canonical alterations (tier I/II), and pan-alterations (any variant in any gene on the panel). Baseline ctDNA positivity rates …

Recommendations From The Blue Ribbon Panel On Fluoroscopy Safety, Dustin A Gress, M Mahesh, Kevin W Dickey, John F Angle, D Duane Baldwin, Wayne Batchelor, Christopher Davis, Deirdre Elder, R Paul Guillerman, Maged N Guirguis, David Hardwick, Carrie M Hayes, Jeremy J Heit, A Kyle Jones, Melissa Kirkwood, Andrew Kuhls-Gilcrist, Bonnie Martin-Harris, William W Mayo-Smith, Sarah E Mckenney, Richard Miguel, Donald L Miller, Eric Monroe, Kristi Moore, Thomas L Morgan, Kari J Nelson, Kathryn Petrovic, Shellie Pike, Carlos A Pino, Travis Prowant, Jonathan W Revels, Vinil Shah, Andrew Y Wang, David B Weiss, Darcy J Wolfman, Kevin A Wunderle, Jessica Zarzour, Michael E Zychowicz, Alan H Matsumoto

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

There are many challenges associated with the safe use of fluoroscopy. These challenges include but are not limited to highly variable regulatory requirements, scope of practice concerns, inconsistent education and training, and lack of staff empowerment. Challenges are further compounded by the increasing use of fluoroscopy across a wide range of medical specialties. To facilitate consensus on how to address the issues, the ACR convened the multidisciplinary Blue Ribbon Panel on Fluoroscopy Safety (BRP-FS), with 32 organizations represented. The goal of the BRP-FS is to establish multi- and interspecialty consensus standards for the safe use of fluoroscopy in health care, …