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Articles 40711 - 40740 of 251637

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Rubiscolin-6 Activates Opioid Receptors To Enhance Glucose Uptake In Skeletal Muscle, T.S. Kairupan, K.-C. Cheng, A. Asakawa, H. Amitani, T. Yagi, K. Ataka, N.T. Rokot, N.H. Kapantow, I. Kato, A. Inui Jul 2020

Rubiscolin-6 Activates Opioid Receptors To Enhance Glucose Uptake In Skeletal Muscle, T.S. Kairupan, K.-C. Cheng, A. Asakawa, H. Amitani, T. Yagi, K. Ataka, N.T. Rokot, N.H. Kapantow, I. Kato, A. Inui

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Rubiscolin-6 is an opioid peptide derived from plant ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco). It has been demonstrated that opioid receptors could control glucose homeostasis in skeletal muscle independent of insulin action. Therefore, Rubiscolin-6 may be involved in the control of glucose metabolism. In the present study, we investigated the effect of rubiscolin-6 on glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Rubiscolin-6-induced glucose uptake was measured using the fluorescent indicator 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl) amino]-2-deoxyglucose (2-NBDG) in L6 and C2C12 cell lines. The protein expressions of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in L6 cells were observed by Western blotting. The in vivo effects …

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The Rapid And Sensitive Detection Of Edible Bird's Nest (Aerodramus Fuciphagus) In Processed Food By A Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (Lamp) Assay, M.-S. Lee, J.-Y. Huang, Y.-Y. Lien, S.-C. Sheu Jul 2020

The Rapid And Sensitive Detection Of Edible Bird's Nest (Aerodramus Fuciphagus) In Processed Food By A Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (Lamp) Assay, M.-S. Lee, J.-Y. Huang, Y.-Y. Lien, S.-C. Sheu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Edible bird's nest (EBN) is a well-known and precious traditional Chinese herbal material (CHM). Because of this, preventing the adulteration of EBN efficiently and precisely is crucial to protect consumers’ interests and health. In this study, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was developed for the detection of EBN using specifically designed LAMP primers. The results demonstrated that the identification of EBN by LAMP assay was specific and rapid (within 1 h). It had no cross-reaction with EBN adulterants, including white fungus, egg white and pig skin, in different ratios. The relative detection limit was 0.01% EBN in the adulterants. …

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Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase E3a (Ube3a) As A New Biomarker Of Cardiac Hypertrophy In Cell Models, K.-C. Cheng, Y. Li, W.-T. Chang, Z.-C. Chen, J.-T. Cheng, C.-C. Tsai Jul 2020

Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase E3a (Ube3a) As A New Biomarker Of Cardiac Hypertrophy In Cell Models, K.-C. Cheng, Y. Li, W.-T. Chang, Z.-C. Chen, J.-T. Cheng, C.-C. Tsai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Cardiac hypertrophy is widely diagnosed in clinical cardiac disorders. The pathophysiology of hypertrophy is complex and multifactorial, a series of molecular and cellular changes are participated, such as activation of different signaling pathways, a switch of fetal gene program in the myocardium, and apoptosis. Some biomarkers have been applied to assess cardiac hypertrophy including atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP), brain/B-type natriuretic peptides (BNP), and α- or β- Myosin Heavy Chain (MHC) in addition to others. Recently, ubiquitin-protein ligase E3A (UBE3A) has been observed to increase in cardiac hypertrophy. Therefore, UBE3A as a new biomarker seems valuable in the clinic. The cardiac …

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Antidepressant And Anxiolytic Effects Of The Proprietary Chinese Medicine Shexiang Baoxin Pill In Mice With Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress, X.-D. Zhou, D.-D. Shi, Z.-J. Zhang Jul 2020

Antidepressant And Anxiolytic Effects Of The Proprietary Chinese Medicine Shexiang Baoxin Pill In Mice With Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress, X.-D. Zhou, D.-D. Shi, Z.-J. Zhang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Depression and anxiety often co-occur with cardiac diseases. The Shexiang Baoxin pill (SBP) is a proprietary Chinese medicine initially used to treat cardiac conditions. This study explored whether SBP has antidepressant and anxiolytic effects in addition to hormonal and psychotropic mechanisms. Mice underwent 6 weeks of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) to induce depression- and anxiety-like behavior. During the 6-week experiment, mice received SBP at intragastric doses of 20.25 mg/kg or 40.5 mg/kg daily. Animals were then tested for depression in sucrose preference, forced-swimming, and tail suspension paradigms, and for anxiety in open field and elevated plus maze tests. Both …

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Novel Technologies In Detection, Treatment And Prevention Of Substance Use Disorders, H. Moulahoum, F. Zihnioglu, S. Timur, H. Coskunol Jul 2020

Novel Technologies In Detection, Treatment And Prevention Of Substance Use Disorders, H. Moulahoum, F. Zihnioglu, S. Timur, H. Coskunol

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Substance use disorders are a widely recognized problem, which affects various levels of communities and influenced the world socioeconomically. Its source is deeply embedded in the global population. In order to fight against such an adversary, governments have spared no efforts in implementing substance abuse treatment centers and funding research to develop treatments and prevention procedures. In this review, we will discuss the use of immunological-based treatments and detection kit technologies. We will be detailing the steps followed to produce performant antibodies (antigens, carriers, and adjuvants) focusing on cocaine and methamphetamine as examples. Furthermore, part of this review is dedicated …

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Determination Of Sulfamonomethoxine In Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus × Oreochromis Mossambicus) By Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry And Its Application Pharmacokinetics Study, T.-A. Kung, S.-H. Lee, W.-H. Wang Jul 2020

Determination Of Sulfamonomethoxine In Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus × Oreochromis Mossambicus) By Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry And Its Application Pharmacokinetics Study, T.-A. Kung, S.-H. Lee, W.-H. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A precise and reliable analytical method to measure trace levels of sulfamonomethoxine (SMM) and N4-acetyl metabolite in tilapia samples using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed. Optimized chromatographic separation was performed on C18 reversed-phase columns using gradient elution with methanol and 5 mmol/L of an ammonium acetate aqueous solution (adjusted to pH 3.5 using formic acid). This study investigated the pharmacokinetic properties and tissue distribution of SMM and its major metabolite N4-acetyl sulfamonomethoxine (AC-SMM) in tilapia after a single dose of 100 mg kg−1 body weight of orally administered SMM. Blood and tissues were collected between 0.5 and 192 h …

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Identification Of Baicalin From Bofutsushosan And Daisaikoto As A Potent Inducer Of Glucose Uptake And Modulator Of Insulin Signaling-Associated Pathways, Y.-T. Kuo, C.-C. Lin, H.-T. Kuo, J.-H. Hung, C.-H. Liu, A. Jassey, M.-H. Yen, S.-J. Wu, L.-T. Lin Jul 2020

Identification Of Baicalin From Bofutsushosan And Daisaikoto As A Potent Inducer Of Glucose Uptake And Modulator Of Insulin Signaling-Associated Pathways, Y.-T. Kuo, C.-C. Lin, H.-T. Kuo, J.-H. Hung, C.-H. Liu, A. Jassey, M.-H. Yen, S.-J. Wu, L.-T. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia that can lead to long-term complications including heart diseases, stroke, retinopathy, and renal failure. Treatment strategies include stimulating glucose uptake and controlling blood glucose level. Bofutsushosan (BOF) and Daisaikoto (DAI) are two herb-based kampo medicines that have been demonstrated to improve metabolism-associated disorders including obesity, hyperlipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver. Given their bioactivities against metabolic syndromes, we explored in this study the effect of BOF and DAI extracts on glucose absorption and used them as source to identify phytochemical stimulator of glucose absorption. Glucose uptake and mechanistic studies …

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Rapid Screening Of Sulfonamides In Dietary Supplements Based On Extracted Common Ion Chromatogram And Neutral Loss Scan By Lc-Q/Tof-Mass Spectrometry, N.-Y. Ki, J. Hur, B.H. Kim, K.H. Kim, B.J. Moon, H.B. Oh, J. Hong Jul 2020

Rapid Screening Of Sulfonamides In Dietary Supplements Based On Extracted Common Ion Chromatogram And Neutral Loss Scan By Lc-Q/Tof-Mass Spectrometry, N.-Y. Ki, J. Hur, B.H. Kim, K.H. Kim, B.J. Moon, H.B. Oh, J. Hong

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

There is an increasing amount of dietary supplements that are adulterated with diuretics and anti-diabetic drugs; this has become a global problem due to the wide distribution of dietary supplements and the serious negative health effects of the adulterants. In this study, a rapid screening method was developed for detection and confirmation of 35 sulfonamides in supplements by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole/time of flight mass spectrometry. For effective extraction of sulfonamides from dietary supplements, four extraction protocols including HLB and WAX solid-phase extraction, Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged and Safe method, and pH-controlled liquid–liquid extraction were evaluated, and pH-controlled …

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In Vivo Pro-Angiogenic Effects Of Dracorhodin Perchlorate In Zebrafish Embryos: A Novel Bioactivity Evaluation Platform For Commercial Dragon Blood Samples, P. Krishnaraj, Y. Chang, T.-J. Ho, N.-C. Lu, M.-D. Lin, H.-P. Chen Jul 2020

In Vivo Pro-Angiogenic Effects Of Dracorhodin Perchlorate In Zebrafish Embryos: A Novel Bioactivity Evaluation Platform For Commercial Dragon Blood Samples, P. Krishnaraj, Y. Chang, T.-J. Ho, N.-C. Lu, M.-D. Lin, H.-P. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Dragon blood has been used in wound treatment for many years and can be obtained from several distinct plant species. Dracorhodin, the active substituent of dragon blood, is a characteristic compound of the palm tree, Daemonorops draco. At present, the only method to evaluate the quality of commercial dragon blood samples is a HPLC method which determines the amount of dracorhodin in a dragon blood sample. In this study, we used zebrafish embryos as a platform to demonstrate the in vivo pro-angiogenic activity of dracorhodin perchlorate, the chemically synthesized analog of dracorhodin. By using this platform, three different commercial dragon …

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Applications Of Cyclic Peptide Nanotubes (Cpnts), W.-H. Hsieh, J. Liaw Jul 2020

Applications Of Cyclic Peptide Nanotubes (Cpnts), W.-H. Hsieh, J. Liaw

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Self-assembled cyclic peptide nanotubes (cPNTs) have recently drawn particular attention as one of the most intriguing nanostructures in the field of nanotechnology. Given their unique features including high surface area, increased drug loading, environmental stability, enhanced permeation, and modifiable drug release, these hollow tubular structures can be constructed with cyclic di-, tri-, tetra-, hexa-, octa-, and decapeptides with various amino acid sequences, enantiomers, and functionalized side chains and can be applied for antiviral and antibacterial drugs, drug delivery and gene delivery vectors, organic electronic devices, and ionic or molecular channels. Recent publications have presented promising results regarding the use of …

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Novel Inspection Of Sugar Residue And Origin In Honey Based On The 13c/12c Isotopic Ratio And Protein Content, C.-T. Chen, B.-Y. Chen, Y.-S. Nai, Y.-M. Chang, K.-H. Chen, Y.-W. Chen Jul 2020

Novel Inspection Of Sugar Residue And Origin In Honey Based On The 13c/12c Isotopic Ratio And Protein Content, C.-T. Chen, B.-Y. Chen, Y.-S. Nai, Y.-M. Chang, K.-H. Chen, Y.-W. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Regarding the honey industry, market prices are strongly affected by the origin and composition of products. In particular, the adulteration of honey can be divided into cases of honey being mixed with artificial syrup, the different origin of the adulteration and the presence of cane sugar residue. Unfortunately, recent studies mentioned that most honey is mixed with artificial syrups. Thus, determining such unnaturally present sugar is necessary to maintain the trust of the consuming populations. To investigate the possibility of syrup augmentation, this study first clarifies two points of great importance. First, long-term feeding of cane sugar to honey bee …

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Ccm111 Prevents Hepatic Fibrosis Via Cooperative Inhibition Of Tgf-Β Wnt And Stat3 Signaling Pathways, I.-Y. Lin, Y.-S. Chiou, L.-C. Wu, C.-Y. Tsai, C.-T. Chen, W.-C. Chuang, M.-C. Lee, C.-C. Lin, T.-T. Lin, S.-C. Chen, M.-H. Pan, N. Ma Jul 2020

Ccm111 Prevents Hepatic Fibrosis Via Cooperative Inhibition Of Tgf-Β Wnt And Stat3 Signaling Pathways, I.-Y. Lin, Y.-S. Chiou, L.-C. Wu, C.-Y. Tsai, C.-T. Chen, W.-C. Chuang, M.-C. Lee, C.-C. Lin, T.-T. Lin, S.-C. Chen, M.-H. Pan, N. Ma

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

CCM111 is an aqueous extract of Antrodia cinnamomea (AC) that has exhibited anti-liver fibrosis functions. However, the detailed mechanisms of AC action against liver fibrosis have not been elucidated yet. The present research showed that CCM111 significantly lowered the levels of the hepatic enzyme markers glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), prevented liver damage and collagen deposition, and downregulated TGF-β/Smad signaling in a dose-dependent manner compared with CCl4 treatment alone. CCM111 markedly inhibited TGF-β Wnt and STAT3 signaling pathway-regulated downstream genes in the liver by next-generation sequencing. The antifibrotic mechanisms of CCM111 were further demonstrated in HSC-T6 …

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Simultaneous Quantification Combined With Multivariate Statistical Analysis Of Multiple Chemical Markers Of Wu Ji Bai Feng Pill By Uhplc–Ms/Ms, S.-N. Duan, W. Qi, S.-W. Zhang, K.-K. Huang, D. Yuan Jul 2020

Simultaneous Quantification Combined With Multivariate Statistical Analysis Of Multiple Chemical Markers Of Wu Ji Bai Feng Pill By Uhplc–Ms/Ms, S.-N. Duan, W. Qi, S.-W. Zhang, K.-K. Huang, D. Yuan

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Wu Ji Bai Feng Pill (WJBFP) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) complex formula, which has been widely used in the treatment of various gynecological disorders. However, the quality control of multiple components in WJBFP is challengeable by using the methods applicable to analysis of several phytochemicals in single herbs or simple herbal preparations. The purpose of this study is to establish an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) method for the quantitative determination of 20 bioactive compounds in WJBFP. The modified chromatographic conditions were achieved on an Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C18 column with a …

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Shenmai-Yin Decreased The Clearance Of Nifedipine In Rats: The Involvement Of Time-Dependent Inhibition Of Nifedipine Oxidation, H.-J. Wang, C.-K. Lu, W.-C. Chen, A.-C. Chen, Y.-F. Ueng Jul 2020

Shenmai-Yin Decreased The Clearance Of Nifedipine In Rats: The Involvement Of Time-Dependent Inhibition Of Nifedipine Oxidation, H.-J. Wang, C.-K. Lu, W.-C. Chen, A.-C. Chen, Y.-F. Ueng

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The traditional Chinese herbal formula Shenmai-Yin (SY) and nifedipine have both been used to treat patients with cardiovascular disorders. Nifedipine is primarily oxidized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A. The oxidation and pharmacokinetics of nifedipine were studied in rats in vitro and in vivo to illustrate the interaction of SY with nifedipine. Schisandrol A, schisandrin A and schisandrin B were identified as the main lignans in SY. In the study in vitro, the ethanolic extract of SY was used due to the solubility and the extract inhibited nifedipine oxidation (NFO) activity in a time-dependent manner. Among lignans, schisandrin B caused the …

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Comparative Investigation For Raw And Processed Aconiti Lateralis Radix Using Chemical Uplc-Ms Profiling And Multivariate Classification Techniques, L. Sun, G. You, X. Cao, M. Wang, X. Ren Jul 2020

Comparative Investigation For Raw And Processed Aconiti Lateralis Radix Using Chemical Uplc-Ms Profiling And Multivariate Classification Techniques, L. Sun, G. You, X. Cao, M. Wang, X. Ren

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A strategy combining chemical UPLC-MS profiling and multivariate classification techniques has been used for the comparison of raw and processed Aconiti Lateralis Radix. UPLC-MS was used to identify 18 characteristic compounds, which were selected for discrimination of the raw and two processed products (Heishunpian and Baifupian). Chemometric analyses, including the combination of a heat map and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), were used to visualize the discrimination of raw and two processed products. HCA and PCA provided a clear discrimination of raw Aconiti Lateralis Radix, Heishunpian and Baifupian. Finally, the counter-propagation artificial neural network (CP-ANN) was …

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The Regulation Of Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes And Membrane Transporters By Inflammation: Evidences In Inflammatory Diseases And Age-Related Disorders, K.-C. Wu, C.-J. Lin Jul 2020

The Regulation Of Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes And Membrane Transporters By Inflammation: Evidences In Inflammatory Diseases And Age-Related Disorders, K.-C. Wu, C.-J. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) and membrane transporters play important roles in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion processes that determine the pharmacokinetics of drugs. Inflammation has been shown to regulate the expression and function of these drug-processing proteins. Given that inflammation is a common feature of many diseases, in this review, the general mechanisms for inflammation-mediated regulation of DMEs and transporters are described. Also, evidences regarding the aberrant expression of these drug-processing proteins in several inflammatory diseases and age-related disorders are provided. © 2018

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Antcins, Triterpenoids From Antrodia Cinnamomea, As New Agonists For Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Α, Y.-J. Wang, S.-C. Lee, C.-H. Hsu, Y.-H. Kuo, C.-C. Yang, F.-J. Lin Jul 2020

Antcins, Triterpenoids From Antrodia Cinnamomea, As New Agonists For Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Α, Y.-J. Wang, S.-C. Lee, C.-H. Hsu, Y.-H. Kuo, C.-C. Yang, F.-J. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) is a nuclear hormone receptor that transcriptionally regulates lipid metabolism and inflammation; therefore, PPARα agonists are promising agents to treat dyslipidemia and metabolic disorders. PPARα full agonists, such as fibrates, are effective anti-hypertriglyceride agents, but their use is limited by adverse side effects. Hence, the aim of this study was to identify small molecules that can activate PPARα while minimizing the adverse effects. Antrodia cinnamomea, a rare medical mushroom, has been used widely in Asian countries for the treatment of various diseases, including liver diseases. Antcin B, H and K (antcins) and ergostatrien-3β-ol (EK100) are …

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The Current Application Of Nanotechnology In Food And Agriculture, X. He, H. Deng, H.-M. Hwang Jul 2020

The Current Application Of Nanotechnology In Food And Agriculture, X. He, H. Deng, H.-M. Hwang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The rapid development of nanotechnology has been facilitating the transformations of traditional food and agriculture sectors, particularly the invention of smart and active packaging, nanosensors, nanopesticides and nanofertilizers. Numerous novel nanomaterials have been developed for improving food quality and safety, crop growth, and monitoring environmental conditions. In this review the most recent trends in nanotechnology are discussed and the most challenging tasks and promising opportunities in the food and agriculture sectors from selected recent studies are addressed. The toxicological fundamentals and risk assessment of nanomaterials in these new food and agriculture products are also discussed. We highlighted the potential application …

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Application Of Food Description To The Food Classification System: Evidence Of Risk Assessment From Taiwan As Acrylamide Of Grain Products, S.-Y. Chiu, H.-T. Lin, W.-C. Ho, M.-H. Lin, P.-C. Chen, H.-Y. Huang Jul 2020

Application Of Food Description To The Food Classification System: Evidence Of Risk Assessment From Taiwan As Acrylamide Of Grain Products, S.-Y. Chiu, H.-T. Lin, W.-C. Ho, M.-H. Lin, P.-C. Chen, H.-Y. Huang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Harmonization of national consumption data for international comparison is an important but challenging work, yet to date there is a lack of comparable food classification system that incorporates food description in Taiwan. In 2015, European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) released a new standardized food classification and description system called FoodEx2, which provides a flexible combination of classifications and descriptions. Based on FoodEx2 and a unique data set of daily food consumption offered by Taiwan Food Consumption Database, this study aims to provide a harmonized, food description incorporated, food classification system (HFDFC system) that captures all the useful details of food …

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A Novel Micro-Extraction Strategy For Extraction Of Bisphosphonates From Biological Fluids Using Zirconia Nanoparticles Coupled With Spectrofluorimetry And High Performance Liquid Chromatography, N. Rahbar, L. Nazernezhad, M. Asadinezhad, Z. Ramezani, M. Kouchak Jul 2020

A Novel Micro-Extraction Strategy For Extraction Of Bisphosphonates From Biological Fluids Using Zirconia Nanoparticles Coupled With Spectrofluorimetry And High Performance Liquid Chromatography, N. Rahbar, L. Nazernezhad, M. Asadinezhad, Z. Ramezani, M. Kouchak

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Extraction of bisphosphonates from biological fluids is important and time consuming step in sample preparation procedure. This paper describes a simple and green sample preparation technique for dispersive micro solid phase extraction (DMSPE) of alendronate sodium (ALS) from urine and serum samples prior to direct spectrofluorimetry (DSFL) and high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD), respectively. The DMSPE strategy is based on the selective chemisorption of ALS on zirconia nanoparticles (ZNPs) as an adsorbent followed by derivatization of the eluted analyte using o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol (2ME) at basic medium to form fluorescent species. The chemical …

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Antioxidant Activity, Neuroprotective Properties And Bioactive Constituents Analysis Of Varying Polarity Extracts From Eucalyptus Globulus Leaves, E. González-Burgos, M. Liaudanskas, J. Viškelis, V. Žvikas, V. Janulis, M.P. Gómez-Serranillos Jul 2020

Antioxidant Activity, Neuroprotective Properties And Bioactive Constituents Analysis Of Varying Polarity Extracts From Eucalyptus Globulus Leaves, E. González-Burgos, M. Liaudanskas, J. Viškelis, V. Žvikas, V. Janulis, M.P. Gómez-Serranillos

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Eucalyptus globulus is employed as herbal tea and therapeutical purposes. In this work, it is investigated for first time the neuroprotective activities, based on antioxidant properties, of varying polarity extracts (acetone, ethanol and methanol) from E. globulus leaves and elucidate their main bioactive constituents. Methanol and acetone extracts contained the highest phenolic compounds amount and chlorogenic acid was the major compound identified by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Moreover, the three tested extracts showed significant antioxidant properties, varying their potency depending on the in vitro technique used. Furthermore, E. globulus extracts were effective in ameliorating H2O2-induced oxidative stress by increasing cell viability, GSH levels …

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Development And Validation Of A Fast Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Method For The Determination Of Cannabinoids In Cannabis Sativa L, V. Cardenia, Toschi T. Gallina, S. Scappini, R.C. Rubino, M.T. Rodriguez-Estrada Jul 2020

Development And Validation Of A Fast Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Method For The Determination Of Cannabinoids In Cannabis Sativa L, V. Cardenia, Toschi T. Gallina, S. Scappini, R.C. Rubino, M.T. Rodriguez-Estrada

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A routine method for determining cannabinoids in Cannabis sativa L. inflorescence, based on Fast gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (Fast GC/MS), was developed and validated. To avoid the decarboxylation of carboxyl group of cannabinoids, different derivatization approaches, i.e. silylation and esterification (diazomethane-mediated), reagents and solvents (pyridine or ethyl acetate), were tested. The methylation significantly increased the signal-to-noise ratio of all carboxylic cannabinoids, except for cannabigerolic acid (CBGA). Since diazomethane is not commercially available, is considered a hazardous reactive and requires 1-day synthesis by specialized chemical staff, silylation was used along the whole validation of a routine method. The method …

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Comparison Of Anti-Inflammatory Effect And Protein Profile Between The Water Extracts From Formosan Sambar Deer And Red Deer, C.-Y. Kuo, Y.-T. Cheng, S.-T. Ho, C.-C. Yu, M.-J. Chen Jul 2020

Comparison Of Anti-Inflammatory Effect And Protein Profile Between The Water Extracts From Formosan Sambar Deer And Red Deer, C.-Y. Kuo, Y.-T. Cheng, S.-T. Ho, C.-C. Yu, M.-J. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Velvet antler (VA), the unossified antler from members of the family Cervidae, has been used in traditional Chinese medicines and health foods for over 2000 years in enhancement of kidney function and treatment or prevention of cardiovascular, immunological and gynaecological disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of velvet antler water extracts from Formosan sambar deer (Rusa unicolor swinhoei, SVAE) and red deer (Cervus elaphus, RVAE). Results indicated that both SVAE and RVAE significantly reduced the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) productions in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells at concentrations above …

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Benefits Of Combination Low-Dose Pioglitazone Plus Fish Oil On Aged Type 2 Diabetes Mice, Y. Iizuka, H. Kim, S. Hirako, K. Chiba, M. Wada, A. Matsumoto Jul 2020

Benefits Of Combination Low-Dose Pioglitazone Plus Fish Oil On Aged Type 2 Diabetes Mice, Y. Iizuka, H. Kim, S. Hirako, K. Chiba, M. Wada, A. Matsumoto

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The elderly patients with type 2 diabetes suffer more adverse drug events than young adults due to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes associated with aging. Reducing the risks of these medication-related problems are equally important for the clinical care of older type 2 diabetes patients. Pioglitazone is used for treating type 2 diabetes as an oral antidiabetic drug. Despite pioglitazone is used helpful insulin sensitizers, the accumulation of subcutaneous fat is considered a major adverse effect of pioglitazone therapy. We investigated to reduce the adverse effect of pioglitazone by combination with fish oil rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid …

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Curculigoside And Polyphenol-Rich Ethyl Acetate Fraction Of Molineria Latifolia Rhizome Improved Glucose Uptake Via Potential Mtor/Akt Activated Glut4 Translocation, D.J. Ooi, N.H. Azmi, M.U. Imam, N.B. Alitheen, M. Ismail Jul 2020

Curculigoside And Polyphenol-Rich Ethyl Acetate Fraction Of Molineria Latifolia Rhizome Improved Glucose Uptake Via Potential Mtor/Akt Activated Glut4 Translocation, D.J. Ooi, N.H. Azmi, M.U. Imam, N.B. Alitheen, M. Ismail

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Adipose tissue is one of the major organs responsible for rapid restoration of postprandial glucose fluxes. Being the major isoform of glucose transporter in adipose tissue, regulations of insulin-dependent GLUT4 trafficking have always been of research interest. The present study aimed to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying the efficacy of curculigoside and polyphenol-rich ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) of Molineria latifolia rhizome in triggering glucose uptake. We assessed the adipogenic potential and glucose uptake stimulatory activity of curculigoside and EAF by employing a murine 3T3-L1 adipocyte model. The transcriptional and translational expressions of selected intermediates in the insulin signalling pathway were …

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Effect Of Phyllanthus Emblica L. Fruit On Methionine And Choline-Deficiency Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis, Y.-T. Tung, C.-Z. Huang, J.-H. Lin, G.-C. Yen Jul 2020

Effect Of Phyllanthus Emblica L. Fruit On Methionine And Choline-Deficiency Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis, Y.-T. Tung, C.-Z. Huang, J.-H. Lin, G.-C. Yen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Phyllanthus emblica L. fruit contains abundant bioactive components and exhibits a variety of biological activities. In this study, the hepatoprotective effect of water extract of P. emblica (WEPE) on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) was evaluated. C57BL/6 mice were fed methionine and choline-deficiency diet (MCD diet) for 4 or 8 weeks to induce NASH. Results showed that administration of WEPE could significantly reduce serum AST and ALT as compared to MCD diet-alone group. Administration of WEPE could significantly decrease lipid peroxidation and CYP2E1 mRNA expression, and elevate the antioxidant activities in mice livers. In addition, administration of WEPE after 8 weeks could …

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Profiles Of Commensal And Opportunistic Bacteria In Human Milk From Healthy Donors In Taiwan, P.-W. Chen, Y.-L. Lin, M.-S. Huang Jul 2020

Profiles Of Commensal And Opportunistic Bacteria In Human Milk From Healthy Donors In Taiwan, P.-W. Chen, Y.-L. Lin, M.-S. Huang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Recent studies indicate that milk from healthy mothers may harbor potential probiotics. Nonetheless, the distribution of bacterial profiles in human milk samples in Taiwan is not fully understood. Therefore, with the aim to address this question, in this study, milk samples were collected from 33 healthy mothers (D1 to D33) visiting our hospital during a 6-month period. The milk microbiota was analyzed by a molecular approach (Illumina MiSeq sequencing). The results indicate that the milk samples have a unique profile and patterns of bacterial abundance levels. Moreover, in colostrum and transitional-milk samples, we detected 154 and 127 bacterial species, respectively, …

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Kinetics Of Lactose Fermentation In Milk With Kombucha Starter, K.G. Kanurić, S.D. Milanović, B.B. Ikonić, E.S. Lončar, M.D. Iličić, V.R. Vukić, D.V. Vukić Jul 2020

Kinetics Of Lactose Fermentation In Milk With Kombucha Starter, K.G. Kanurić, S.D. Milanović, B.B. Ikonić, E.S. Lončar, M.D. Iličić, V.R. Vukić, D.V. Vukić

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of new, non-conventional starter culture on the kinetics of the lactose transformation during milk fermentation by kombucha, at pH 5.8; 5.4; 5.1; 4.8; and 4.6, at two different temperatures 37 °C and 42 °C. Milk fermentation at 42 °C lasted significantly shorter (about 5 h, 30 min) compared to the fermentation at 37 °C. Changes of lactose concentration at the both temperatures are consisting of two retaining stages and very steep decline in–between. The analysis of the rate curves showed that the reaction rate passes through the maximum after 9 …

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Nanoparticle-Based Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometric Analysis Of Drugs And Metabolites, H.-W. Chu, B. Unnikrishnan, A. Anand, J.-Y. Mao, C.-C. Huang Jul 2020

Nanoparticle-Based Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometric Analysis Of Drugs And Metabolites, H.-W. Chu, B. Unnikrishnan, A. Anand, J.-Y. Mao, C.-C. Huang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Nanoparticle-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) is a powerful tool for the analysis of a wide range of molecules. Many of the drawbacks in the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) can be avoided with the application of nanomaterials as matrices as well as substrates for the LDI-MS to achieve a low background noise in low m/z region and high reproducibility. Surface-assisted LDI (SALDI)-MS, especially the nanoparticle-based LDI-MS, has emerged as a promising technique for the analysis of trace amounts of substances in various biological samples due to their high surface area for analyte enrichment, efficient desorption/ionization, and homogeneous crystallization …

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Prospects Of Using Nanotechnology For Food Preservation, Safety, And Security, V.K. Bajpai, M. Kamle, S. Shukla, D.K. Mahato, P. Chandra, S.K. Hwang, P. Kumar, Y.S. Huh, Y.-K. Han Jul 2020

Prospects Of Using Nanotechnology For Food Preservation, Safety, And Security, V.K. Bajpai, M. Kamle, S. Shukla, D.K. Mahato, P. Chandra, S.K. Hwang, P. Kumar, Y.S. Huh, Y.-K. Han

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The rapid development of nanotechnology has transformed many domains of food science, especially those that involve the processing, packaging, storage, transportation, functionality, and other safety aspects of food. A wide range of nanostructured materials (NSMs), from inorganic metal, metal oxides, and their nanocomposites to nano-organic materials with bioactive agents, has been applied to the food industry. Despite the huge benefits nanotechnology has to offer, there are emerging concerns regarding the use of nanotechnology, as the accumulation of NSMs in human bodies and in the environment can cause several health and safety hazards. Therefore, safety and health concerns as well as …

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