Life Sciences Commons^™

Estimation Of Juvenile Striped Bass Relative Abundance In The Virginia Portion Of Chesapeake Bay, January 1994-December 1994 : Annual Progress Report, Herbert M. Austin, A. Dean Estes, Donald M. Seaver

Reports

The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) has conducted a juvenile striped bass seine survey from 1967 through 1973 and from 1980 through the present. The primary objective has been the monitoring of the relative annual recruitment success of juvenile striped bass in the spawning and nursery areas of Lower Chesapeake Bay. The survey was funded in it's initial period by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and then reinstated in 1980 with funding from the National Marine Fisheries Service under the Emergency Striped Bass Study program. Commencing with the 1988 annual survey, support of the program has been made …

Manual For Handling And Shedding Blue Crabs (Callinectes Sapidus), Michael J. Oesterling

Reports

This manual is intended to present a practical approach to constructing and operating a Chesapeake Bay crab shedding facility. Included are portions of an earlier VIMS publication by Paul A. Haefner, Jr. and David Garten (1974), "Methods of handling and shedding blue crabs, (Callinectes sapidus)," as well as a compilation of other scientific and industry experiences. Techniques described may not apply to all situations; in many cases general recommendations are made. Additionally, descriptions of various facility designs refer mainly to those in use in Chesapeake Bay; other areas of the country may use varying, but similar designs. Although the information …

The Optimisation Of Nitrogen Content For Micropropagation Of Eucalyptus Marginata, Andrew James Woodward

Theses : Honours

The use of eucalypts for plantation timber and pulp is becoming increasingly important, as are eucalypts that are resistant to disease and insect herbivory. Where clones with desirable traits have been selected, it is important that these genotypes are preserved. Micropropagation of some eucalypts, and Eucalyptus marginata in particular, can be difficult possibly due to the currently used basal medium of Murashige and Skoog (M&S)(I 962). By examining the nitrogen utilisation and the effects of medium pH of this species, it may be possible to improve general micropropagation protocol. Six clones of the species E. marginata were obtained as shoot …

In Vitro Activity Of Four Fluoroquinolones On Selected Bacteria, Sheryl L. Pullen

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

In 1990-1991, in a national surveillance study, and in 1991-1992, in a followup study, both by Thornsberry et al. (1993), ciprofloxacin data from various geographical and demographical institutions were collected. Several species of bacteria have shown resistance to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin, but the degree of resistance to these drugs has not been reported for the Stockton area. To determine the extent of this resistance, Dameron Hospital antibiograms generated from 1990 to 1994 were reviewed and compared. Results of the comparison show that susceptibility among the Gram-negative isolates, with the exception of Providencia stuartii, Acinetobacter lwoffi, and to a lesser extent …

The Status Of Virginia's Public Oyster Fishery 1994, Reinaldo Alonzo-Morales, Roger Mann

Reports

This report summarizes data collected during 1994 in the Virginia portion of the Chesapeake Bay. The report is composed of two parts, part one, oyster recruitment (shell string) in Virginia and part two, dredge survey of selected oyster bars in Virginia.

Aging And Experience In The Recognition Of Musical Transpositions, Andrea Halpern, J.C. Bartlett, W.J. Dowling

Faculty Journal Articles

The authors examined the effects of age, musical experience, and characteristics of musical stimuli on a melodic short-term memory task in which participants had to recognize whether a tune was an exact transposition of another tune recently presented. Participants were musicians and nonmusicians between ages 18 and 30 or 60 and 80. In 4 experiments, the authors found that age and experience affected different aspects of the task, with experience becoming more influential when interference was provided during the task. Age and experience interacted only weakly, and neither age nor experience influenced the superiority of tonal over atonal materials. Recognition …

Long-Term Maintenance Of Presynaptic Function In The Absence Of Target Muscle-Fibers, Anna Dunaevsky, Elizabeth A. Connor

Biology Department Faculty Publication Series

Here we have investigated the role of the muscle fiber in the maintenance of presynaptic function at frog motor nerve terminals. Muscle fibers were selectively damaged and prevented from regenerating while leaving the motor innervation intact. Presynaptic activity of the resulting target-deprived nerve terminals was assayed using the fluorescent dye, FM1–43. FM1–43 stains nerve terminals in an activity- dependent fashion in that it incorporates into synaptic vesicles and can be released upon stimulation. We demonstrate that nerve terminals permanently deprived of target for 1 to 5 months maintain the ability to release and recycle synaptic vesicles in response to stimulation. …

The Effects Of An Early Season Clipping On Several Grassland Species, Bradley J. Matuska

Honors Theses, 1963-2015

In one year, the Proposed 100-Acres Quarry Park, Stearns County, Minnesota, USA, will be undergoing development. One aspect of the development is the management (i.e. burning, seeding, clipping) of an old grassland within the park. I studied clipping as a management scheme and expected the species richness (number of species) to increase after clipping and the prostrate species to respond better than the erect species. I used the Daubenmire Canopy-Coverage Method to measure my results. The species richness showed no significant change in response to clipping mainly due to the timing of the clipping. However, individual species responded differently to …

Foraging Preferences Of The Introduced Honeybee In Winter Flowering Banksia Woodland : Implications For The Management Of Flora And Fauna Of Conservation Areas, Simon Lawrence Judd

Theses : Honours

The Honeybee (Apis mellifcra) is arguably Australia's most abundant feral animal, and relatively little is known about its interactions with the Australian biota. A lack of such information makes it difficult for the managers of nature conservation areas to decide whether beekeeping is appropriate and whether attempts should be made to control feral bees. This study made observations of feral honeybees and native pollinating invertebrates for one hundred and twelve hours, at fifteen sites in Banksia woodland, between July 27 and September 10, 1995. Flowering and preflowering invertebrate assemblages of Leucopogon polymorphus, an epacrid shrub which provided …

Influence Of Zooplankton Grazing On Free Dissolved Enzymes In The Sea, Alexander B. Bochdansky, Staša Puškarić, Gerhard J. Herndl

OES Faculty Publications

In the Northern Adriatic Sea, extracellular enzymatic activity was measured during a Lagrangian study following a drifting buoy for 40 h. Dissolved free enzymatic activity represented 20 to 70% of total activity depending on the type of enzyme. alpha- and beta-glucosidases exhibited a significantly higher free activity than proteolytic enzymes. In subsequent laboratory experiments we investigated the effect of zooplankton on the free enzyme pool. The 4-step approach included: (1) determination of the enzymatic activities in copepods (mainly Acartia clausi); (2) enzymatic activity in fecal pellets; (3) short- and long-term grazing experiments; and (4) degradability of free glucosidase in seawater. …

Elimination Of Dissolved Sulfide Interference In The Flow-Injection Determination Of Sigma-Co2 By Addition Of Molybdate, Rigel L. Lustwerk, David J. Burdige

OES Faculty Publications

A previously described flow injection method for the analysis of ΣCO₂ included the addition of ZnCl₂ to some samples before analysis in order to precipitate dissolved sulfide (which interferes with the method) as ZnS. However, the use of Zn²⁺ in samples with high concentrations of dissolved sulfide causes the coprecipitation of ZnCO₃, and in our experience with this technique, ZnCO₃ also precipitates even in the absence of dissolved sulfide. The addition of molybdate effectively complexes dissolved sulfide without interfering with the determination of ΣCO2 by this technique.

Lter Network Remote Sensing, Gis, Technological Coordination Background, Long Term Ecological Network

Long Term Ecological Research Network

A report of the LTER Network Office Remote Sensing, GIS and Technological Coordination Background.

Includes the introduction, NASA Linkages, Data Acquisition, GIS Data Archive, and Research Support.

1995 Lter Network News And Mosaic Brochure Project, Maya Isabel Lazzaro, Long Term Ecological Research

Long Term Ecological Research Network

LTER Network News from 1995.

LTER Network News began in 1987.

Specimen Catalog & Field Notes, Angela L. Adams

Division of Mammals - Field Notes and Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Grazing System And Use Of A Pasture-Phase Implant On Grazing And Finishing Performance Of Steers, Robert T. Brandt Jr., C.T. Milton, Clenton E. Owensby

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Results are presented from the first year of a 2-year study to evaluate the effects of grazing system (intensive-early stocking or IES vs season-long grazing or SLG) with or without a pasture-phase implant (Synovex-S®) on grazing and subsequent finishing performance. Compared to a SLG system, IES resulted in faster rate of gain on pasture and more beef produced per acre, although SLG resulted in greater total pasture gain per animal. Implanting improved rate of gain and increased beef per acre, particularly for IES steers. In the feedlot, IES steers gained weight faster and more efficiently than SLG steers. However, SLG …

Effect Of Bacterial Inoculants On The Preservation And Nutritive Value Of Whole-Plant Corn Silages, K.K. Bolsen, D.W. Rice, M.A. Hinds, C. Zimmermann, Matthew A. Young

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Inoculated and control corn silages were compare d using pilot-scale silos. Inoculated silages (Pioneer inoculant 117 4 and 1132) had significantly higher lactic to acetic acid ratios, and numerically lower values for DM loss, acetic acid, ethanol, and ammonia-nitrogen than the control silage"”evidence that both inoculants produced a more efficient fermentation . Although the inoculated silage rations had higher DM intakes than the control, nutrient digestibilities were similar for the three silages . These results are consistent with numerous studies that compared untreated and inoculant-treated silages over a wide range of crops and ensiling conditions in our research during the …

Display Life And Internal Cooked Color Of Ground Beef From Vitamin E-Supplemented Cattle, C.L. Lavelle, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Retail display life of ground beef and internal color of patties cooked to four endpoint temperatures (131, 149, 160, and 17 1EF) were determined for ground beef (9% fat) from vitamin E-supplemented (500 and 2000 IU per day) steers. Visual scores indicated that the display time required for the 500 and 2000 vitamin E samples to reach an objectionable reddish-brown/brown color was increased by 12 and 32 hours, respectively, as compared with the 0 vitamin E samples. Patties did not differ in internal cooked color regardless of vitamin E level. Vitamin E was effective in increasing retail display color stability …

Scleractinian Corals Of Kuwait, G. Hodgson, Kent E. Carpenter

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

A survey was made of the coral reefs of Kuwait to compile a species list of scleractinian corals. Twenty-eight hermatypic and six ahermatypic coral species are listed in systematic order, and a brief description is provided for each. A new species of Acropora is described. The Kuwait fauna is a small subset of the over 500 Indo-Pacific species. Several species show a higher degree of intraspecific variation than they exhibit in other locations. A range extension is reported for Acanthastrea maxima Sheppard & Salm, previously recorded from Oman (north and south coasts). A common species in the Arabian Gulf, Porites …

Consistencies Of Individual Dna Base-Amino Acid Interactions In Structures And Sequences, Brooke Lustig, R L. Jernigan

Faculty Publications, Chemistry

Amino acid-amino acid interaction energies have been derived from crystal structure data for a number of years. Here is reported the first derivation of normalized relative interaction from binding data for each of the four bases interacting with a specific amino acid, utilizing data from combinatorial multiplex ONA binding of zinc finger domains [Desjarlais, J. R. and Berg, J. M. (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91, 11099–11103]. The five strongest Interactions are observed for lysine-guanine, lysine-thymine, arginine- guanine, aspartic acid-cytosine and asparagineadenine. These rankings for interactions with the four bases appear to be related to base-amino acid partial charges. …

Consistencies Of Individual Dna Base-Amino Acid Interactions In Structures And Sequences, Brooke Lustig, R L. Jernigan

Brooke S. Lustig

Amino acid-amino acid interaction energies have been derived from crystal structure data for a number of years. Here is reported the first derivation of normalized relative interaction from binding data for each of the four bases interacting with a specific amino acid, utilizing data from combinatorial multiplex ONA binding of zinc finger domains [Desjarlais, J. R. and Berg, J. M. (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91, 11099–11103]. The five strongest Interactions are observed for lysine-guanine, lysine-thymine, arginine- guanine, aspartic acid-cytosine and asparagineadenine. These rankings for interactions with the four bases appear to be related to base-amino acid partial charges. …

A Small Modified Hammerhead Ribozyme And Its Conformational Characteristics Determined By Mutagenesis And Lattice Calculation, Brooke Lustig, N H. Lin, S M. Smith, R L. Jernigan, K.-T Jeang

Brooke S. Lustig

A prototypic hammerhead ribozyme has three helices that surround an asymmetrical central core loop. We have mutagenized a hammerhead type ribozyme. In agreement with previous studies, progressive removal of stem-loop II from a three stemmed ribozyme showed that this region is not absolutely critical for catalysis. However, complete elimination of stem II and its loop did reduce, but did not eliminate, function. In a stem-loop II-deleted ribozyme, activity was best preserved when a purine, preferably a G, was present at position 10.1. This G contributed to catalysis irregardless of its role as either one part of a canonical pair with …

Localization And Interaction Of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate And Non-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors Of Lamprey Spinal Neurons, L. E. Moore, James T. Buchanan, C. R. Murphey

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Small volumes of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA excitatory amino acid receptor agonists were applied to localized regions of the dendritic trees of lamprey spinal neurons along their medial-lateral axis to obtain a spatial map of glutamate receptor distribution. Voltage clamp and frequency domain methods were used to obtain quantitative kinetic data of the voltage dependent ionic channels located both on the soma and on highly branched dendritic membranes. Pressure pulses of NMDA applied to the most peripheral regions of the dendritic tree elicited large somatic impedance increases, indicating that the most peripheral dendrites are well supplied with NMDA receptors. Experiments …

Effect Of Exercise Induced Muscle Soreness On The Motor Control Properties Of The Biceps Brachii, Alan J. Pearce

Theses : Honours

The objective of this study was to note the time course changes for up to 28 days on the motor control properties of biceps brachii muscle following a bout of eccentric exercise. Eight subjects (5 male, 25-40 years of age) performed 35 maximal voluntary eccentric contractions with the non-preferred arm of the elbow flexors through 130° of extension of 90°s^-1. Voluntary electromyographic (EMG) activity and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) were recorded via surface electrodes placed over the belly of the biceps brachii muscle. Maximal isometric strength was measured at 90° elbow flexion. …

Measurement Of Fungal Biomass In Wooden Art Objects Using Atp Photometry And Energy Charge, Fernando Nieto

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

In this study ATP photometry and energy charge (EC) measurements were used to detect and quantify fungal biomass in wood. Three species of wood decaying fungi were used: Phanerochaete chrysosporium (white rot), Poria placenta (brown rot), and Chaetomnium globosum (soft rot). The fungi were grown in malt extract broth (MEB) for one month at 25 °C, and sampled at selected intervals to measure the ATP content and the EC of the mycelium. The mycelia were ground and extracted with cold 5% trichloroacetic acid (TCA) for 20 hours. The conversion factors calculated were based upon the EC of the mycelium. When …

Pregnancy Rates In Mga-Prostaglandin Synchronized Heifers Bred At Estrus Or Inseminated At Fixed Times, J.M. Smith, L.R. Corah, G.C. Lamb, A.R. Spell

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objective of this project was to study the effects on pregnancy rates of inseminating estrus-synchronize d heifers either at observed estrus or at a fixed time. In April, 1994, 574 yearling crossbred heifers, located on six Kansas ranches, were inseminated to achieve this objective. Her d size ranged from 38 to 293 head. The heifers were synchronized with the MGA-prostaglandin (PGF) system. Heifers were either inseminated 12 hr after the onset of estrus or, if not showing estrus, 72 hr after PGF. Pregnancy rates of 491 heifers bred on estrus averaged 56.6% (39.2 to 80.4%). Pregnancy rates for the …

Determinants Of Prices For Cow-Calf Pairs, J.L. Parcell, F.D. Hiner, Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A study of price determinants for cow-calf pairs was undertaken at a local Kansas auction company during 1993. Cow breed, age, health, condition score, horns, frame size, and whether the cow h ad been bred back impacted cow-calf pair values, as well as calf weight, health, and frame score. Addition ally, pairs per pen significantly impacted prices. Young healthy cows with healthy large calves received the highest prices.

Cash Operating Income And Liquidity Management For Feeder Cattle Operations, B.D. Elliott, Michael R. Langemeier, Allen M. Featherstone

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Net cash flow measures the amount of cash remaining after all cash expense obligations are satisfied. This cash is available for additional farm investment, off-farm investment, family living, and additional debt repayment. A 5-year, average, monthly, cash-flow statement was used to determine net cash flow for 18 feeder cattle farms .Results indicate that excess cash was used primarily to invest in equipment, vehicles, and nonfarm assets. Investments in buildings increased moderately over the study period, while investment in land was minimal.

Premature Browning In Cooked Ground Beef After Modifying Myoglobin, Melvin C. Hunt, K.E. Warren, Donald H. Kropf, M.A. Hague, C.L. Waldner, Sally L. Stroda, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Some ground beef patties developed an internal, brown cooked color and looked well-done at temperatures as low as 131 ÌŠF, whereas normal patties were re d to pink. The premature brown color was not relate d to percent fat; patty compaction; animal source and maturity; pH (5.5 to 5.8); or concentrations of raw patty heme and nonhemeiron, myoglobin, and total pigment. Because oxidation-reduction potential and total reducing activities were higher (P<.05) and TBA numbers were lower (P<.05) in normal than prematurely brown patties, the brown color is apparently related to greater patty oxidation.

Dietary Lysine And Slaughter Weight Affect Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics In Boars And Barrows (1995), M M. Rantanen, Robert H. Hines, I H. Kim, K G. Friesen, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

During the growing and finishing period, the boars ate less, had better F/G, and were less fat than barrows. A high plane of nutrition (high vs moderate lysine concentrations for the growing-finishing phases) and decreasing slaughter weight from 260 to 220 lb also improved efficiency of gain and carcass leanness. However, many notable interactions occurred among the gender x lysine x slaughter weight treatments. Also, year (rotational-cross of average health status and lean growth potential vs a terminal-cross of high lean growth potential after repopulation of the farm) had pronounced effects on growth performance and carcass merits such that the …

The Effects Of Increasing Dietary Energy Density On Growing-Finishing Pig Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics (1995), J W. Smith Ii, R M. Musser, W B. Nessmith Jr, J R. Bergstrom, J A. Loughmiller, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eighty crossbred gilts were used in a growth trial to evaluate the effects of increasing dietary energy density on growing-finishing pig growth performance and carcass characteristics. In this trial, adding fat to corn-soybean meal diets with a constant calorie: lysine ratio to increase the energy density during the growing phase (98 to 160 lb) improved feed efficiency with no influence on growth rate. However, increasing the energy content of the diet by adding fat had no benefit during the finishing phase (160 to 233 lb).; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 16, 1995