Life Sciences Commons^™

Getting More From Forages, Garry D. Lacefield

Forage Symposium at the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Convention

In human endeavors, results are usually highly correlated with investments in terms of thought, time, effort, and a certain amount of money. In particular, the best and most profitable forage programs have had the most thought put into them. Top producers strive to continue to improve their operations by developing strategies, practices, and procedures that will result in “GETTING MORE FROM FORAGES”.

Foreword [2004], Garry D. Lacefield, Christi L. Forsythe

Forage Symposium at the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Convention

No abstract provided.

In Memory Of Jane Claire Dirks-Edmunds, Unknown

Jane Claire Dirks-Edmunds Documents

The memorial program for Dr. Jane Claire Dirks-Edmunds includes the order of events as well as sheet music for two hymns to be sung at the service. Former Linfield president Charles Walker read a poem at the service, held on January 8, 2004 at Hillside Manor in McMinnville, a retirement community where Dirks-Edmunds had been living.

Dr. Dirks-Edmunds graduated from Linfield College in 1937; she returned to teach in the Biology department at Linfield from 1941-1974. Dirks-Edmunds died on December 29, 2003.

Evaluation Of Feeding Wet Distillers Grains With Solubles, Dry Distillers Grans With Solubles And Blood Meal To Growing Steers, Kristina S. Mateo, Kent E. Tjardes, Cody L. Wright, Bradley D. Rops

South Dakota Beef Report, 2004

A two-year study was conducted to determine the effect of feeding different protein sources on the performance of feeder cattle. During year 1 (Y1), 128 steers (506 ± 40 lb) were weighed and randomly allocated to 16 pens in a completely randomized design. Each pen was assigned to one of four treatment diets: 1) 20% soybean meal and corn (SBM); 2) 20% dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS); 3) 20% wet distillers grains with solubles (WDGS); or 4) 20% blood meal, oil and corn (BM). In Y1, steers were fed a diet that consisted of 74% alfalfa/grass hay, 4% molasses …

A Large-Sample Qtl Study In Mice: Ii. Body Composition, Joao L. Rocha, Eugene J. Eisen, L. Dale Van Vleck, Daniel Pomp

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Using lines of mice having undergone long-term selection for high and low growth, a large-sample (n = ~1,000 F₂) experiment was conducted to gain further understanding of the genetic architecture of complex polygenic traits. Composite interval mapping on data from male F2 mice (n = 552) detected 50 QTL on 15 chromosomes impacting weights of various organ and adipose subcomponents of growth, including heart, liver, kidney, spleen, testis, and subcutaneous and epididymal fat depots. Nearly all aggregate growth QTL could be interpreted in terms of the organ and fat subcomponents measured. More than 25% of QTL detected map …

Composition And Nutritive Value Of Corn Co-Products From Dry Milling Ethanol Plants, Simone M. Holt, Robbi H. Pritchard

South Dakota Beef Report, 2004

The South Dakota ethanol industry is rapidly expanding. As a direct result of this expansion it is expected that in excess of 500,000 tons of corn co-products will be available to livestock enterprises annually as a feed source. Processing methods are, in general terms, similar among dry milling ethanol plants. However, newer technology and small deviations of methods can alter the nutritive value of the co-products. Subsequently, diet formulations using general nutritive values may be inaccurate and cause production inefficiencies. The objective of this research project was to characterize the composition and nutritive value of corn co-products produced from several …

A Large-Sample Qtl Study In Mice: I. Growth, Joao L. Rocha, Eugene J. Eisen, L. Dale Van Vleck, Daniel Pomp

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

By use of long-term selection lines for high and low growth, a large-sample (n = ~1,000 F₂) experiment was conducted in mice to further understand the genetic architecture of complex polygenic traits. In combination with previous work, we conclude that QTL analysis has reinforced classic polygenic paradigms put in place prior to molecular analysis. Composite interval mapping revealed large numbers of QTL for growth traits with an exponential distribution of magnitudes of effects and validated theoretical expectations regarding gene action. Of particular significance, large effects were detected on Chromosome (Chr) 2. Regions on Chrs 1, 3, 6, 10, …

Method For Mulching An Agricultural Soil Bed Using A Biodegradable Protein Material And A Mulched Agricultural Crop Growing Plot Produced Thereby, Yusuf Ali, Viswas Ghorpade, Robert Weber, Milford Hanna

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

A method is provided for mulching an agricultural Soil bed using a biodegradable protein mulch material. The method includes the preparation of a film forming Solution of a film forming protein material. The film forming protein Solution is then sprayed directly onto a Surface of an agricultural Soil bed. The solution dries to form a thin film of protein material on the Surface of the agricultural Soil bed. The protein material may comprise a plant protein, a milk protein, an animal protein, a whey protein, casein, an egg protein or gelatin. Following a harvest, the mulch material, which is biodegradable, …

Analysis Of Microtubule Sliding Patterns In Chlamydomonas Flagellar Axonemes Reveals Dynein Activity On Specific Doublet Microtubules, M. J. Wargo, Mark A. Mcpeek, Elizabeth F. Smith

Dartmouth Scholarship

Generating the complex waveforms characteristic of beating eukaryotic cilia and flagella requires spatial regulation of dynein-driven microtubule sliding. To generate bending, one prediction is that dynein arms alternate between active and inactive forms on specific subsets of doublet microtubules. Using an in vitro microtubule sliding assay combined with a structural approach, we determined that ATP induces sliding between specific subsets of doublet microtubules, apparently capturing one phase of the beat cycle. These studies were also conducted using high Ca2+ conditions. InChlamydomonas, high Ca2+ induces changes in waveform which are predicted to result from regulating dynein

activity on specific microtubules. Our …

Bcma Is Essential For The Survival Of Long-Lived Bone Marrow Plasma Cells, Brian P. O'Connor, Vanitha S. Raman, Loren D. Erickson, W. James Cook, Lehn K. Weaver, Cory Ahonen, Ling-Li Lin, George Mantchev, Richard J. Bram, Randolph J. Noelle

Dartmouth Scholarship

Long-lived humoral immunity is manifested by the ability of bone marrow plasma cells (PCs) to survive for extended periods of time. Recent studies have underscored the importance of BLyS and APRIL as factors that can support the survival of B lineage lymphocytes. We show that BLyS can sustain PC survival in vitro, and this survival can be further enhanced by inter- leukin 6. Selective up-regulation of Mcl-1 in PCs by BLyS suggests that this 􏰀-apoptotic gene product may play an important role in PC survival. Blockade of BLyS, via transmembrane activator and cyclophilin ligand interactor–immunoglobulin treatment, inhibited PC survival in …

2004 Nebraska Swine Report

Nebraska Swine Reports

Contents

Nutrition
Body Composition, Protein Deposition, and Efficiency of Lysine Utilization of Growing Pigs Fed Crystalline or Protein-Bound Lysine
Dietary Antimicrobials in a Wean-to-Finish Facility
Update on Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Litter Size in Swine
Effects of Sow Dietary Glutamine Supplementation on Sow and Litter Performance, Subsequent Weanling Pig Performance, and Intestinal Development after an Immune Challenge
Energy and Nitrogen Utilization of Corn Rootworm Protected Corn (Event MON 863) and Similar Non-Transgenic Corn in Young Pigs
Effect of Increasing Dietary Crude Protein Concentration on Growth Performance and Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Concentration

Genetics
Different Biological Responses of Pigs of Two …

Nebraska 2004 Beef Cattle Report (Complete Volume)

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Contents

Cow-Calf
An Evaluation of Economic Efficiencies of Two Beef Systems from Calving to Harvest
A System for Wintering Spring-calving Bred Heifers Without Feeding Hay
Effect of Gestation and Supplementation on Intake of Low-quality Forage

Grazing
A Review of Corn Stalk Grazing on Animal Performance and Crop Yield
Feed Values for Annual Forages in Western Nebraska
Urea Inclusion in Forage Based Diets Containing Dried Distillers Grains
Effect of Distillers Grains or Corn Supplementation Frequency on Forage Intake and Digestibility
Dried Distillers Grains as a Grazed Forage Supplement

Finishing
Effects of Corn Bran and Degradable Protein Source on Microbial Protein Estimated …

Disorganization Of Cortical Microtubules Stimulates Tangential Expansion And Reduces The Uniformity Of Cellulose Microfibril Alignment Among Cells In The Root Of Arabidopsis, Ti Baskin, Gts Beemster, Je Judy-March, F Marga

Biology Department Faculty Publication Series

No abstract provided.

Photoperiodic Regulation Of Androgen Receptor And Steroid Receptor Coactivator-1 In Siberian Hamster Brain, Mj Tetel, Tc Ungar, B Hassan, El Bittman

Biology Department Faculty Publication Series

No abstract provided.

In Vivo Dose-Response Of Insects To Hz-2v Infection, John Burand, Christopher Rallis

Microbiology Department Faculty Publication Series

Background Hz-2V infection of female Helicoverpa zea moths is manifested as insects that are either sterile "agonadal" individuals with malformed reproductive tissues or fertile asymptomatic carriers which are capable of transmitting virus on to their progeny. Virus infected progeny arising from eggs laid by asymptomatic carrier females may themselves be either sterile agonadals or asymptomatic carriers. Results By injecting virus into female moths, a correlation was established between virus doses administered to the females and the levels of resulting asymptomatic and sterile progeny. Conclusions The results of these experiments indicate that high virus doses produced a higher level of agonadal …

Phosphorus For Bearing Cranberries In North America, Teryl Roper, Joan Davenport, Carolyn J. Demoranville, Sebastien Marchand, Art Poole, Kim Patten

Cranberry Station Fact Sheets

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Longhorn- And Red Poll-Sired Calves From Crossbred Dams Calving At Two Or Three Years Of Age, X H. Liu, A Perez Marquez, L. V. Cundiff, L. D. Van Vleck

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Calving difficulty, survival from birth to weaning, birth weight, and weaning weight of 167 calves and carcass traits of 88 cattle (63 for adjusted fat thickness) were compared for progeny of Red Poll and Longhorn bulls mated to crossbred cows that calved at 2 or 3 yr of age. Results indicated that Longhornsired calves required 28% less assistance at calving than Red Poll-sired calves when dams calved at 2 yr of age (P<0.05), but there was no difference between Red Poll- and Longhorn-sired calves for calving difficulty with 3- yr-old cows. Red Poll-sired calves had significantly greater birth and weaning BW than did Longhorn-sired calves for 2-yrold dams. Significant differences attributable to sire breed were found only for bone percentage of progeny of 3-yr-old dams, but not for carcass weight, fat thickness, longissimus area, USDA quality grades, and percentages retail product, fat trim, or bone. There was a significant interaction between sire breed and age of dam only for calving difficulty. Within sire breed, calving difficulty of 2- yr-old dams was greater than that for 3- yr-old dams, and calves from 2-yr-old dams also were significantly lighter at weaning than were calves from 3-yr-old dams (P<0 .01).

Nematode Molecular Diagnostics: From Bands To Barcodes, Tom Powers

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Nematodes are considered among the most difficult animals to identify. DNA-based diagnostic methods have already gained acceptance in applications ranging from quarantine determinations to assessments of biodiversity. Researchers are currently in an information-gathering mode, with intensive efforts applied to accumulating nucleotide sequence of 18S and 28S ribosomal genes, internally transcribed spacer regions, and mitochondrial genes. Important linkages with collateral data such as digitized images, video clips and specimen voucher web pages are being established on GenBank and NemATOL, the nematode-specific Tree of Life database. The growing DNA taxonomy of nematodes has lead to their use in testing specific short sequences …

Type Iii Secretion System Effector Proteins: Double Agents In Bacterial Disease And Plant Defense, James R. Alfano, Alan Collmer

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Many phytopathogenic bacteria inject virulence effector proteins into plant cells via a Hrp type III secretion system (TTSS). Without the TTSS, these pathogens cannot defeat basal defenses, grow in plants, produce disease lesions in hosts, or elicit the hypersensitive response (HR) in nonhosts. Pathogen genome projects employing bioinformatic methods to identify TTSS Hrp regulon promoters and TTSS pathway targeting signals suggest that phytopathogenic Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, and Ralstonia spp. harbor large arsenals of effectors. The Hrp TTSS employs cus- tomized cytoplasmic chaperones, conserved export components in the bacterial en- velope (also used by the TTSS of animal pathogens), and …

Block And Bridle Annual, 2004

Block and Bridle Student Organization

Table of Contents:

Historian Comments
Animal Science Department Chairman Address
Block and Bridle President's Address
Block and Bridle Emblem and Mission
Calendar of Events
Membership List
Club Pictures
Animal Science Faculty
Senior Tributes
Treasurer Report
Secretary Report
4-H Events
Beef Pit
Big Red Welcome
Steak Fry
Little Aksarben
Kid's Day
Holiday Gathering
National Convention
Big Red Beef Show
Little MAEC
Agricultural Education Contests
2003 Honoree
2004 Honoree
Honors Banquet
Senior Meats Judging
Livestock Judging
Meat Animal Evaluation Contest
Equine Activities
Faces of Block and Bridle
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The Accidental Plant Pathologist, Anne K. Vidaver

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

This article presents the experiences of a woman in academic plant pathology from the 1950s to today. Topics include the social climate for women in science, personal and professional developments and research discoveries, public policy issues in agriculture and biotechnology affecting plant pathology, and projections for the future of plant pathology.

Pseudomonas Syringae Type Iii Secretion System Targeting Signals And Novel Effectors Studied With A Cya Translocation Reporter, Lisa M. Schechter, Kathy A. Roberts, Yashitola Jamir, James R. Alfano, Alan Collmer

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty and Staff Publications

Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000 is a pathogen of tomato and Arabidopsis. The hrp-hrcencoded type III secretion system (TTSS), which injects bacterial effector proteins (primarily called Hop or Avr proteins) into plant cells, is required for pathogenicity. In addition to being regulated by the HrpL alternative sigma factor, most avr or hop genes encode proteins with N termini that have several characteristic features, including (i) a high percentage of Ser residues, (ii) an aliphatic amino acid (Ile, Leu, or Val) or Pro at the third or fourth position, and (iii) a lack of negatively charged …

Effects Of Choline, Betaine, And Wheat Floral Extracts On Growth Of Fusarium Graminearum, Jessica S. Engle, Patrick E. Lipps, Terry L. Graham, Michael J. Boehm

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Fusarium head blight has been more severe when infection occurs during anthesis, indicating that floral organs may be important infection courts. Choline acetate and glycinebetaine have been extracted from wheat and reported to be growth stimulants of Fusarium graminearum. They are hypothesized to enhance infection and tissue colonization. Growth of F. graminearum was examined on media amended with extracts from floral parts of nine wheat genotypes with various Fusarium head blight resistance levels. Results indicated no significant effect of anther, palea, or lemma extracts on radial growth when compared with unamended controls. Effects on spore germination and hyphal growth …

Molecular Differentiation Of Two Sibling Species Of The Black Fly Simulium Vittatum (Diptera: Simuliidae) Based On Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna, G. A. Duncan, P. H. Adler, K. P. Pruess, Thomas O. Powers

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Larvae of the black fly morphospecies Simulium vittatum from Colorado, Montana, Nebraska, and New Hampshire were cytologically identified as either the IS-7 or the IIIL-1 cytospecies. DNA was PCR amplified from cytotyped larvae using eight 10-mer primers, labeled with ₃₃P, and run on polyacrylamide gels. The entire data set of 96 amplicons produced incomplete separation of the two cytospecies when subjected to neighbor-joining and maximum parsimony analyses. However, when analyzed within geographical regions, separate species status was supported. Boot- strap support for distinctness of the two cytospecies was best in Colorado where they were collected in true sympatry. The …

Small Potassium Ion Channel Proteins Encoded By Chlorella Viruses, Ming Kang, Anna Moroni, Sabrina Gazzarrini, Dario Difrancesco, Gerhard Thiel, Maria Severino, James L. Van Etten

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Kcv, a 94-aa protein encoded by Paramecium bursaria chlorella virus 1, is the smallest known protein to form a functional potassium ion channel and basically corresponds to the ‘‘pore module’’ of potassium channels. Both viral replication and channel activity are inhibited by the ion channel blockers barium and amantadine but not by cesium. Genes encoding Kcv-like proteins were isolated from 40 additional chlorella viruses. Differences in 16 of the 94 amino acids were detected, producing six Kcv-like proteins with amino acid substitutions occurring in most of the functional domains of the protein (N terminus, transmembrane 1, pore helix, selectivity filter, …

Biography Of James L. Van Etten, Christen Brownlee, James L. Van Etten

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Green algae, in surface layers of almost every lake or stream, are some of the most common aquatic creatures. However, unbeknownst to researchers until recently, viruses that infect algae are almost as widespread. Entire ecosystems of algal hosts and their corresponding viruses lay hidden until the 1980s, when James L. Van Etten, a professor of plant pathology at the University of Nebraska (Lincoln), and his colleague Russ Meints discovered and began to characterize the first member of what is now a rapidly expanding family of algal viruses. Van Etten and his colleagues have continued to study these intriguing viruses, focusing …

Morphological And Molecular Characterization Of Meloidogyne Mayaguensis Isolates From Florida, J. Brito, Thomas O. Powers, P. G. Mullin, Florida Department Of Agriculture And Consumer Services N., D. W. Dickson

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The discovery of Meloidogyne mayaguensis is confirmed in Florida; this is the first report for the continental United States. Meloidogyne mayaguensis is a virulent species that can reproduce on host cultivars bred for nematode resistance. The perineal patterns of M. mayaguensis isolates from Florida show morphological variability and often are similar to M. incognita. Useful morphological characters for the separation of M. mayaguensis from M. incognita from Florida are the male stylet length values (smaller for M. mayaguensis than M. incognita) and J2 tail length values (greater for M. mayaguensis than M. incognita). Meloidogyne mayaguensis values for …

The Hopptof Locus Of Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Tomato Dc3000 Encodes A Type Iii Chaperone And A Cognate Effector, Libo Shan, Hye-Sook Oh, Jianfu Chen, Ming Guo, Jianmin Zhou, James R. Alfano, Alan Collmer, Xu Jia, Xiaoyan Tang

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Type III secretion systems are highly conserved among gram-negative plant and animal pathogenic bacteria. Through the type III secretion system, bacteria inject a number of virulence proteins into the host cells. Analysis of the whole genome sequence of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 strain identified a locus, named HopPtoF, that is homologous to the avirulence gene locus avrPphF in P. syringae pv. phaseolicola. The HopPtoF locus harbors two genes, ShcF_Pto and HopF_Pto, that are preceded by a single hrp box promoter. We present evidence here to show that ShcF_Pto and HopF_Pto encode a type …

Parent‐Offspring Conflict In The Evolution Of Vertebrate Reproductive Mode, Bernard Crespi, Christina A. D. Semeniuk

Biological Sciences Publications

Abstract: We propose and evaluate the hypothesis that parent‐offspring conflict over the degree of maternal investment has been one of the main selective factors in the evolution of vertebrate reproductive mode. This hypothesis is supported by data showing that the assumptions of parent‐offspring conflict theory are met for relevant taxa; the high number of independent origins of viviparity, matrotrophy (direct maternal‐fetal nutrient transfer), and hemochorial placentation (direct fetal access to the maternal bloodstream); the extreme diversity in physiological and morphological aspects of viviparity and placentation, which usually cannot be ascribed adaptive significance in terms of ecological factors; and divergent and …

Distributions Of Z-Dna And Nuclear Factor I In Human Chromosome 22: A Model For Coupled Transcriptional Regulation, P. Christoph Champ, Sandor Maurice, Jeff Vargason, Tracy Camp, P. Shing Ho

Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science

An analysis of the human chromosome 22 genomic sequence shows that both Z-DNA forming regions (ZDRs) and promoter sites for nuclear factor-I (NFI) are correlated with the locations of known and predicted genes across the chromosome and accumulate around the transcriptional start sites of the known genes. Thus, the occurrence of Z-DNA across human genomic sequences mirrors that of a known eukaryotic transcription factor. In addition, 43 of the 383 fully annotated chromosomal genes have ZDRs within 2 nucleosomes upstream of strong NFIs. This suggests a distinct class of human genes that may potentially be transcriptionally regulated by a mechanism …