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Articles 62821 - 62850 of 291657

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Corporate Cybersecurity In The Context Of M&A Transactions, Cameron Beck Jan 2022

Corporate Cybersecurity In The Context Of M&A Transactions, Cameron Beck

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

The rapid rise of digital devices has unlocked a new dimension of innovation and prosperity in the 21st century. Computers are now an integrated and ubiquitous part of our global culture. You would be hard-pressed to walk into any given room without several computer chips humming inaudibly inside the machines that facilitate our modern world. Even lightbulbs and doorbells are connected to the Internet, capturing information from the world around them and sending that information to the Cloud. The Internet expands access to communication, international marketplaces, entertainment, professional resources, and nearly every book in the world.

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Random Password Generation, Kirk Smith Jan 2022

Random Password Generation, Kirk Smith

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

This paper will discuss the topic of random generation, first by explaining the topic, followed by how the literature review was performed. Then, a literature review will be performed, followed by a discussion of human biases and the strength of random password generation.

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The Future Of Blockchain, Elijah N. Gartrell Jan 2022

The Future Of Blockchain, Elijah N. Gartrell

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

Blockchain is the leading technology for cryptocurrencies, NFT’s and other online marketplace transactions that go through it because of it’s secure technology and how they distribute their data with Smart Contracts. This report shows how we can use Blockchain for other uses in our world and how it could advance us in the cybersecurity aspects. Showing also why we should use blockchain with basic cybersecurity concerns as in: Malware Detection, Voter Fraud, and Medical Record Security.

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Increased Caribbean Seismicity And Volcanism During Minima In Earth's Rotation Rate: Search For A Physical Mechanism And A 2030 Forecast, Roger Bilham, Walter Szeliga, David Mencin, Rebecca Bendick Jan 2022

Increased Caribbean Seismicity And Volcanism During Minima In Earth's Rotation Rate: Search For A Physical Mechanism And A 2030 Forecast, Roger Bilham, Walter Szeliga, David Mencin, Rebecca Bendick

Geological Sciences Faculty Scholarship

Three quarters of all Mw ≥ 6.6 earthquakes and volcanic eruptions surrounding the Caribbean plate occur preferentially during periods of decadal minima in Earth’s angular spin velocity. This correlation is revealed most clearly as a 4–6 years phase lag following the first derivative of the length of the day (LOD), Earth’s angular deceleration. We show that local strains and displacements resulting from oblateness changes, or plate boundary stresses associated with changes in tropical rotation rates are orders of magnitude lower than those typically associated with earthquake or volcano triggering. Notwithstanding the absence of a satisfactory causal physical mechanism, the relationship …

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Odu Undergraduate Students Addressing The Societal Problems Of Parking Control, Classroom Seating, And Flood Monitoring In Hampton Roads, Stephanie K. Trusty, Gabriel Del Razo, Nathan Potter, Soad Ibrahim, Ayman Elmesalami Jan 2022

Odu Undergraduate Students Addressing The Societal Problems Of Parking Control, Classroom Seating, And Flood Monitoring In Hampton Roads, Stephanie K. Trusty, Gabriel Del Razo, Nathan Potter, Soad Ibrahim, Ayman Elmesalami

OUR Journal: ODU Undergraduate Research Journal

During the summer of 2021, ODU undergraduate computer science students undertook image processing research projects. These projects focused on utilizing the Raspberry Pi computer and camera module to address three real-world problems concerning parking control, classroom seating, and flood monitoring. The parking lot occupancy project aimed to develop a system that monitors the occupancy of parking spaces in a lot and communicates the status of the lot of drivers and the lot attendants. The COVID-19 classroom occupancy project sought to enforce social distancing protocols in a classroom environment by detecting seating violations and notifying the instructor and the impacted students …

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Cryogenic Magnetic Field Monitoring System In The Sns Neutron Edm Experiment, Umit Hasan Coskun Jan 2022

Cryogenic Magnetic Field Monitoring System In The Sns Neutron Edm Experiment, Umit Hasan Coskun

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

A permanent neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM), dn, would violate charge-conjugation and parity (CP) symmetry. The neutron electric dipole moment currently has a global limit of dn < 1.8 x 10-26 e cm (90% CL). This limit is intended to be improved by two orders of magnitude by the nEDM experiment at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS nEDM), dn ~ 10-28 e cm. The magnetic field non-uniformities within the experimental region must be precisely monitored and managed in order to suppress systematic effects in the experiment caused by magnetic field gradients. The estimation of magnetic field components within …

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Recent Advances Toward Transparent Methane Emissions Monitoring: A Review, Broghan M. Erland, Andrew K. Thorpe, John Gamon Jan 2022

Recent Advances Toward Transparent Methane Emissions Monitoring: A Review, Broghan M. Erland, Andrew K. Thorpe, John Gamon

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Given that anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions must be immediately reduced to avoid drastic increases in global temperature, methane emissions have been placed center stage in the fight against climate change. Methane has a significantly larger warming potential than carbon dioxide. A large percentage of methane emissions are in the form of industry emissions, some of which can now be readily identified and mitigated. This review considers recent advances in methane detection that allow accurate and transparent monitoring, which are needed for reducing uncertainty in source attribution and evaluating progress in emissions reductions. A particular focus is on complementary methods …

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The “Office Of The Ciso”: A Framework For Chief Information Security Officers, Yael Nagler, Christophe Veltsos Jan 2022

The “Office Of The Ciso”: A Framework For Chief Information Security Officers, Yael Nagler, Christophe Veltsos

Computer Information Science Department Publications

As we enter 2022, cybersecurity continues to challenge corporations and their CISOs. The sophistication of cyberthreats coupled with an evolving digital landscape has resulted in increased complexity and expanded responsibilities for the CISO. Simply put, there is greater scrutiny, greater regulation, greater complexity, and greater scope than ever before. To respond to these changes, CISOs must organize their “Office of the CISO” to meet the expectations and deliver for their organizations. Whether the CISO has a staff of three or thirty and whether they are prepared or not, these elements are being increasingly expected of CISOs. You can think of …

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Reconstructing Regional Paleoenvironments And Geomorphic History Of High Plains Playa-Lunette Systems, Alyssa E. Sims Jan 2022

Reconstructing Regional Paleoenvironments And Geomorphic History Of High Plains Playa-Lunette Systems, Alyssa E. Sims

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Playas are ephemeral upland-embedded wetlands found in semiarid and arid regions worldwide. Lunettes are isolated dunes that form along the downwind margin of playas. The paleoclimatic and geomorphic history of High Plains playa-lunette systems (PLSs) are poorly understood. To address this, we characterize the stratigraphy of four PLSs in southwest Kansas, USA. Methods include: 1) collect soil-sediment cores from playa centers and windward slopes of lunettes; 2) describe cores using USDA techniques; 3) estimate age of stratigraphic units using radiocarbon (14C); and 4) reconstruct paleoenvironmental conditions using stable carbon isotopes (13C) and particle size analysis. Playa stratigraphy is relatively simple …

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Second Twenty-Five Year Index: Volumes 26–50, 1994–2018, Jane E. Austin Jan 2022

Second Twenty-Five Year Index: Volumes 26–50, 1994–2018, Jane E. Austin

The Prairie Naturalist

The first 50 years of the Prairie Naturalist reside on the shelves of libraries and personal collections. The articles and notes published over those years provide invaluable knowledge about Great Plains biota, communities, conservation, and landscape ecologies. Awareness of the wealth of information in those 50 print volumes has been limited, relying on references from other published papers or the limited number of articles that have been made available online by authors. This index serves as resource for individuals to digitally tap into the information published since 1994. This index, together with the first 25-year index, serves to complement the …

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Review Of The Duck Factory: A History Of Waterfowl In North Dakota, By Mike Jacobs And Erik Fritzell, Douglas Johnson Jan 2022

Review Of The Duck Factory: A History Of Waterfowl In North Dakota, By Mike Jacobs And Erik Fritzell, Douglas Johnson

The Prairie Naturalist

It was by geological accident that North Dakota became the heart of duck production in the continental United States. When the Wisconsin glaciation retreated some 11,000 years ago, it left an uneven layer of glacial till over much of North Dakota and nearby states and provinces, an area termed the Prairie Pothole Region. Large blocks of ice in the glacial till eventually melted and formed depressions that became wetlands, or prairie potholes. These were embedded in a matrix of soil that, with millennia of growth by deep-rooted prairie plants, became rich topsoil. The wetlands, surrounded by luxuriant grassland, were ideal …

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Review Of Loon Lessons: Uncommon Encounters With The Great Northern Diver, By James D. Paruk, Kristin Bianchini Jan 2022

Review Of Loon Lessons: Uncommon Encounters With The Great Northern Diver, By James D. Paruk, Kristin Bianchini

The Prairie Naturalist

Gavia immer Brunnich (Common Loon) is a bird that has captivated bird watchers, wildlife enthusiasts, campers, cottagers, and others interested in the natural world for centuries. The loon also features prominently in Native American mythology. For many, the loon symbolizes the wildness of the north, and it is often used as a sentinel of lake health. Indeed, the Common Loon has inspired a wealth of literature, both scientific and popular, describing this species’ ecology, behavior, and fitness in the face of environmental changes. To this literature, Loon Lessons: Uncommon Encounters with the Great Northern Diver adds a complete and accurate …

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Jet Substructure Measurements In Proton-Proton And Proton-Gold Collisions, Isaac Arthur Mooney Jan 2022

Jet Substructure Measurements In Proton-Proton And Proton-Gold Collisions, Isaac Arthur Mooney

Wayne State University Dissertations

Observing a modification of high-energy probes in the hot nuclear environment created by ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions is critical for understanding the microscopic structure of the QCD medium. However, before a modification can be observed, the probes must be calibrated. For this reason, measurements of jet observables in vacuum (pp collisions) and in the presence of cold nuclear matter (pAu collisions) are presented, which will allow for future comparison of jet substructure measurements in AuAu to these baseline measurements. \parData from the STAR detector on the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory are used for both analyses. The pp …

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Academy Presidents And Institutional Members, Academy Editors Jan 2022

Academy Presidents And Institutional Members, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Table Of Contents, Academy Editors Jan 2022

Table Of Contents, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Seasonal Testicular Histology And Acystic Lobular Spermatogenesis In The Western Lesser Siren, Siren Intermedia Nettingi (Caudata: Sirenidae), Stanley E. Trauth Jan 2022

Seasonal Testicular Histology And Acystic Lobular Spermatogenesis In The Western Lesser Siren, Siren Intermedia Nettingi (Caudata: Sirenidae), Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

I investigated the seasonal testicular histology and acystic lobular spermatogenesis in the Western Lesser Siren, Siren intermedia nettingi, from periodic sampling of this salamander over a span of 21 yr (1994-2015) in northeastern Arkansas. My results include the following general findings: 1) the largest testicular lobules occurred primarily in January-February during spermiogenesis and spermatozoa maturation; 2) lobular regression and spermatogenic cell recrudescence were underway by late March; 3) proliferation of secondary spermatogonia in lobules was prominent in May; 4) transformation of secondary spermatogonia into primary spermatocytes occurred by mid-July, and these cells became larger in diameter through increased nuclear …

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Leveraging Human-Centered Insights And Vision Transformers To Understand And Detect Online Risks In Teens' Private Social Media Conversations On Instagram, Joshua Gracie Jan 2022

Leveraging Human-Centered Insights And Vision Transformers To Understand And Detect Online Risks In Teens' Private Social Media Conversations On Instagram, Joshua Gracie

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

With the growing ubiquity of the internet and internet enabled devices, the issue of online risk and the need for safety measures against such risks has grown paramount. Many researchers have analyzed the scope and characteristics of online risk, especially with respect to demographics, yet few have studied the risky media itself. This work sets out to move the conversation from surveys and interviews to content analysis and automation through a comprehensive thematic analysis of online multi-media risks (images and videos) sent to and from teens in private messages on Instagram. These messages, along with demographic information such as age …

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Multivariate Cognitive Walkthrough Of Qubitvr: An Educational Quantum Computing, Virtual Reality Application, Pauline Johnson Jan 2022

Multivariate Cognitive Walkthrough Of Qubitvr: An Educational Quantum Computing, Virtual Reality Application, Pauline Johnson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Quantum computing is a promising field but understanding how it works can be challenging for a beginner. There are also not many educational resources to visualize and learn about quantum computing. To advance knowledge in this area, we have created QubitVR, which employs a Bloch sphere representation of a qubit, and supports trajectory visualizations and state equations in a virtual reality (VR) setting. We also conducted a multivariate cognitive walkthrough with subject matter experts (SMEs) on QubitVR to assess the effectiveness of trajectory visualizations and state equations in learning about quantum gates. The results were that trajectory visualizations aided users …

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Quantum Graph Parameters, Parisa Darbari Kozekanan Jan 2022

Quantum Graph Parameters, Parisa Darbari Kozekanan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

This dissertation considers some of the advantages, and limits, of applying quantum computing to solve two important graph problems. The first is estimating a graph's quantum chromatic number. The quantum chromatic number is the minimum number of colors necessary in a two-player game where the players cannot communicate but share an entangled state and must convince a referee with probability one that they have a proper vertex coloring. We establish several spectral lower bounds for the quantum chromatic number. These lower bounds extend the well-known Hoffman lower bound for the classical chromatic number. The second is the Pattern Matching on …

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Methods For Defending Neural Networks Against Adversarial Attacks, Sharvil Shah Jan 2022

Methods For Defending Neural Networks Against Adversarial Attacks, Sharvil Shah

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been at the frontier of the revolution within the field of computer vision. Since the advent of AlexNet in 2012, neural networks with CNN architectures have surpassed human-level capabilities for many cognitive tasks. As the neural networks are integrated in many safety critical applications such as autonomous vehicles, it is critical that they are robust and resilient to errors. Unfortunately, it has recently been observed that deep neural network models are susceptible to adversarial perturbations which are imperceptible to human vision. In this thesis, we propose a solution to defend neural networks against white box …

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Algorithms For The Detection Of Resolved And Unresolved Targets In The Infrared Bands, Bruce Mcintosh Jan 2022

Algorithms For The Detection Of Resolved And Unresolved Targets In The Infrared Bands, Bruce Mcintosh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

This dissertation proposes algorithms for the detection of both resolved and unresolved targets in the infrared bands. Recent breakthroughs in deep learning have spurred major advancements in computer vision, but most of the attention and progress has been focused on RGB imagery from the visual band. The infrared bands such as Long Wave Infrared (LWIR), Medium Wave Infrared (MWIR), Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) and Near Infrared (NIR) each respond differently to physical phenomena, providing information that can be used to better understand the environment. The first task addressed is that of detecting vehicles in heavy clutter in MWIR imagery. A …

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Load Forecasting And Synthetic Data Generation For Smart Home Energy Management System, Mina Razghandi Jan 2022

Load Forecasting And Synthetic Data Generation For Smart Home Energy Management System, Mina Razghandi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

A number of recent trends, such as the increased power consumption in developed and developing countries, the dangers associated with greenhouse gases, the potential shortages of fossil fuels, and the increasing availability of solar and wind energy act as motivating factors for the development of more intelligent and efficient systems both on the power provider as well as the consumer side. One of the most important prerequisites for making efficient energy management decisions is the ability to predict energy production and consumption patterns. While long-term forecasting of average consumption had been extensively used to direct investments in the energy grid, …

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Visual Question Answering: Exploring Trade-Offs Between Task Accuracy And Explainability, Aisha Urooj Jan 2022

Visual Question Answering: Exploring Trade-Offs Between Task Accuracy And Explainability, Aisha Urooj

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Given visual input and a natural language question about it, the visual question answering (VQA) task is to answer the question correctly. To improve a system's reliability and trustworthiness, it is imperative that it links the text (question and answer) to specific visual regions. This dissertation first explores the VQA task in a multi-modal setting where questions are based on video as well as subtitles. An algorithm is introduced to process each modality and their features are fused to solve the task. Additionally, to understand the model's emphasis on visual data, this study collects a diagnostic set of questions which …

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Computational Methods To Analyze Next-Generation Sequencing Data In Genomics And Metagenomics, Saidi Wang Jan 2022

Computational Methods To Analyze Next-Generation Sequencing Data In Genomics And Metagenomics, Saidi Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

This thesis focuses on two important computational problems in genomics and metagenomics with the public available next-generation sequencing data. One is about gene regulation, for which we explore how distal regulatory elements may interact with the proximal regulatory elements. The other is about metagenomics, in which we study how to reconstruct bacterial strain genomes from shotgun reads. Studying gene regulation, especially distal gene regulation, is important because regulatory elements, including those in distal regulatory regions, orchestrate when, where and how much a gene is activated under every experimental condition. Their dysfunction results in various types of diseases. Moreover, the current …

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A Human-Centered Approach To Improving Adolescent Online Sexual Risk Detection Algorithms, Afsaneh Razi Jan 2022

A Human-Centered Approach To Improving Adolescent Online Sexual Risk Detection Algorithms, Afsaneh Razi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Computational risk detection has the potential to protect especially vulnerable populations from online victimization. Conducting a comprehensive literature review on computational approaches for online sexual risk detection led to the identification that the majority of this work has focused on identifying sexual predators after-the-fact. Also, many studies rely on public datasets and third-party annotators to establish ground truth and train their algorithms, which do not accurately represent young social media users and their perspectives to prevent victimization. To address these gaps, this dissertation integrated human-centered approaches to both creating representative datasets and developing sexual risk detection machine learning models to …

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Examining Cooperative System Responses Against Grid Integrity Attacks, Alexander D. Parady Jan 2022

Examining Cooperative System Responses Against Grid Integrity Attacks, Alexander D. Parady

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Smart grid technologies are integral to society’s transition to sustainable energy sources, but they do not come without a cost. As the energy sector shifts away from a century’s reliance on fossil fuels and centralized generation, technology that actively monitors and controls every aspect of the power infrastructure has been widely adopted, resulting in a plethora of new vulnerabilities that have already wreaked havoc on critical infrastructure. Integrity attacks that feedback false data through industrial control systems, which result in possible catastrophic overcorrections and ensuing failures, have plagued grid infrastructure over the past several years. This threat is now at …

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Distance Perception Through Head-Mounted Displays, Sina Masnadi Jan 2022

Distance Perception Through Head-Mounted Displays, Sina Masnadi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

It has been shown in numerous research studies that people tend to underestimate distances while wearing head-mounted displays (HMDs). We investigated various possible factors affecting the perception of distance is HMDs through multiple studies. Many contributing factors has been identified by researchers in the past decades, however, further investigation is required to provide a better understanding of this problem. In order to find a baseline for distance underestimation, we performed a study to compare the distance perception in real world versus a fake headset versus a see-through HMD. Users underestimated distances while wearing the fake headset or the see-through HMD. …

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How Adolescents In The Child Welfare System Seek Support For Their Sexual Risk Experiences Online, Taylor L. Moraguez Jan 2022

How Adolescents In The Child Welfare System Seek Support For Their Sexual Risk Experiences Online, Taylor L. Moraguez

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Youth in the foster care system experience unique and challenging situations online, such as higher risks of inappropriate messaging (e.g., sexting) and unwanted solicitations from strangers. As a vulnerable group of adolescents, foster youth often use online platforms as a resource to express themselves and seek support over their sexual experiences online. This thesis analyzes how foster youth seek support online for their sexual risk experiences, including sexual abuse, sexting, and sexuality. To understand how adolescents (ages 13-17) in the child welfare system seek support for these experiences, we conducted a thematic analysis of 541 individual posts made by 121 …

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How Has Technology Creating More Resilient And Sustainable Cities?, Saarah Elberhoumi Jan 2022

How Has Technology Creating More Resilient And Sustainable Cities?, Saarah Elberhoumi

HHE 167: The Nature of the City, 2022

No abstract provided.

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Urban Sustainability Through Science, Literature, And Art, Asha Griffith Jan 2022

Urban Sustainability Through Science, Literature, And Art, Asha Griffith

HHE 167: The Nature of the City, 2022

No abstract provided.

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