Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Don’T Beep At Me: Using Google Maps Apis To Reduce Driving Anxiety, Daniel Chechelnitsky

Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science Honors Projects

Stress while driving is a significant issue that causes automobile incidents. Along with the physical injuries, there is often baggage and trauma associated with these accidents. Wearable health monitoring technology, like Smartwatches, has a real possibility to help people further understand the stress inducing processes of driving. Thus to help with this issue, I propose a Google Maps app extension called: "Don't Beep At Me". This project creates a map that is layered by heart rate instead of speed limit and has great potential to be useful for reducing driving anxiety.

An Integration Of Art And Mathematics, Henry Jaakola

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Mathematics and art are seemingly unrelated fields, requiring different skills and mindsets. Indeed, these disciplines may be difficult to understand for those not immersed in the field. Through art, math can be more relatable and understandable, and with math, art can be imbued with a different kind of order and structure. This project explores the intersection and integration of math and art, and culminates in a physical interdisciplinary product. Using the Padovan Sequence of numbers as a theoretical basis, two artworks are created with different media and designs, yielding unique results. Through these pieces, the order and beauty of number …

On Behavioral Response Of Ciliated Cervical Canal On The Development Of Electroosmotic Forces In Spermatic Fluid, Sara I. Abdelsalam, A. Z. Zaher

Basic Science Engineering

The goal of this research is to conduct a theoretical investigation about the effect of the electroosmotic forces on the swimming of sperms throughout the cervical canal. To imitate male semen with self-propulsive spermatozoa, a hyperbolic tangent fluid is used as the base liquid. Swimming sperms move inside a ciliated cervical canal and peristalsis occurs due to the ciliated walls. The perturbation method is used to solve the controlling partial differential set of equations analytically. Due to selfpropulsion of swimmers and long wavelength assumption, a creeping flow protocol is used throughout the stream. The stream pattern, velocity distribution, and pressure …

Physical Characteristics And Classification Of The Large Amplitude Variable Star V1719 Cygni, Ashley Lieber, Logan Siems, Julia Kennefick, Michael Fitzgerald

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

Pulsating stars are used as standard candles which are helpful in determining distances to stellar objects along with the relationship between their period and apparent luminosity. The focus of this study was the variable star, V1719 Cygni, which is often classified as a Delta (δ) Scuti star, but there exists debate that it should be classified as a RR Lyrae star due to its abnormal light curve and similar characteristics between the two variable star categories. Observational data was taken in 2019 using the Las Cumbres Observatory international telescope network. The resulting data were calibrated using comparison stars in the …

Investigation Of Catalysis Of Nitration By Cytochrome P450s, Lannika Johnson

Honors Undergraduate Theses

TxtE is a protein related to cytochrome P450 enzymes, which catalyze a number of reactions that typically involve oxygen and not nitrogen. It has been discovered that TxtE can nitrate tryptophan through an unusual reaction in which it uses nitric oxide (NO) as a nitrogen donor to install the nitro group despite NO typically being considered toxic to bacteria. This project will determine if all cytochromes P450 can catalyze nitration as long as they are given NO. This will have an impact on understanding drug delivery and metabolism for which nitration is important.

Comparative Evaluation Of Assemblers For Metagenomic Data Analysis, Matheus Pavini Franco Ferreira

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Metagenomics is a cultivation-independent approach for obtaining the genomic composition of microbial communities. Microbial communities are ubiquitous in nature. Microbes which are associated with the human body play important roles in human health and disease. These roles span from protecting us against infections from other bacteria, to being the causes of these diseases. A deeper understanding of these communities and how they function inside our bodies allows for advancements in treatments and preventions for these diseases. Recent developments in metagenomics have been driven by the emergence of Next-Generation Sequencing technologies and Third-Generation Sequencing technologies that have enabled cost-effective DNA sequencing …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Silver-Gold Nanocage With Enhanced Thermal Stability, Victoria Ten

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Silver-gold nanocages have attracted considerable research interest recently due to their excellent performance in the fields of biomedicine and photocatalysis. These applications oftentimes manipulate at elevated temperatures and therefore impose demands on the thermal stability of the cage structures. To better understand this subject, in this work, we systematically evaluated the thermal stability of two nanocages with different wall thicknesses of 3.8 nm and 13 nm, both in the solution-phase (diethylene glycol) and solid-phase (in-situ STEM). The results revealed that the nanocages with thicker walls exhibited better thermal stabilities in both phases. By monitoring and analyzing the morphology changes of …

Co-Producing A Shared Characterization Of Depredation In The Gulf Of Mexico Reef Fish Fishery: Comprehensive Report, James M. Drymon, Ana Osowski, Amanda Jargowsky, Matthew Ajemian, Angela Collins, Bryan Fluech, Steven Gray, Julie Lively, Steven Scyphers

CREC Publications

Depredation, defined as the partial or complete removal of a hooked fish by a non-target species, is a cryptic form of mortality that can affect the accuracy of stock assessments and species management efforts. Accounting for depredation is crucial to minimize uncertainty in stock assessment models and to obtain accurate and reliable fisheries catch data. If these interactions are frequent, failure to properly quantify this form of mortality can lead to the underestimation of reef fish population removals, inappropriate harvest recommendations, and stakeholder unrest. In recent years, depredation has escalated in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) reef fish fishery. Although …

Identifying And Prioritizing Urban And Commercial Stormwater Concerns: City Of Grants Pass, Oregon, Amie Nicole Siedlecki

Environmental Science and Management Professional Master's Project Reports

For many communities, drinking water comes from surface water sources, or source water, such as rivers and creeks. Within the city of Grants Pass, Oregon, this is the case. The Rogue River, which spans 215 miles, beginning near Crater Lake and emptying into the ocean at Gold Beach, is Grants Pass' Rogue River, in relation to drinking water, is rarely an issue for the City of Grants Pass' Public Works Department, the potential contaminant sources (PCS) from the urban, commercial, and industrial geographical areas of Grants Pass is a concern. In order to deploy treatment processes that are capable of …

Classification Of Seismic Activity At The Lazufre Volcanic System, Based On 2011 To 2012 Data, Heather Mcfarlin, Glenn Thompson, Stephen R. Mcnutt, Jochen Braunmiller, Michael E. West

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

The Lazufre Volcanic System (LVS), on the border of northern Chile and Argentina, is an active complex of two volcanoes, Lastarria to the north and Cordón del Azufre to the south. The LVS is not regularly monitored with any scientific equipment despite being recognized as a top ten volcanic hazard in Argentina by the Observatorio Argentino de Vigilancia Volcánica of the Servicio Geológico y Minero Argentino. The system has shown unusual inflation signatures observed in InSAR but the level of seismic activity and its spatial and temporal distribution were unknown due to the lack of a permanent local seismic network. …

Data-Driven Methods For Low-Energy Nuclear Theory, Jordan M.R. Fox

CGU Theses & Dissertations

The term data-driven describes computational methods for numerical problem solvingwhich have been developed by the field of data science; these are at the intersection of computer science,mathematics, and statistics. When applied to a domain science like nuclear physics, especially with the goalof deepening scientific insight, data-driven methods form a core pillar of the computational science endeavor.In this dissertation I explore two problems related to theoretical nuclear physics: one in the framework of numerical statistics, and the other in the framework of machine learning. I) Historically our understanding of the structure of the atomic nucleus, the quantum many-body problem, has been …

Investigation Of Neutrophil-Like Hl-60 Cell Migration In A 3d Collagen Matrix, Pouye Sedighian

CGU Theses & Dissertations

It is known that cell migration in innate and adaptive immune system plays a fundamental role in human health. Among the immune cells, neutrophils are one of the most essential cells in protecting the body against invading pathogens. In the presence of chemoattractants, these cells are the first responders that start a directed migration toward the injured area. As neutrophils approach the site of infection, they transmigrate to the tissue and follow the chemoattractant concentration gradient to locate and eliminate the invading pathogens. Understanding the patterns and mechanism of neutrophil migration in the presence of chemoattractants could possibly play an …

On Coherence And The Geometry Of Certain Families Of Lattices, David Booth Kogan

CGU Theses & Dissertations

The coherence of a lattice is, roughly speaking, a measure of non-orthogonality of its minimal vectors. It was introduced to lattices (by analogy with frame theory) by L. Fukshansky and others as a possible route to gaining insight into packing density, a central problem in lattice theory. In this work, we introduce the related measure of average coherence, explore connections between packing density and coherence, and prove several properties of certain families of lattices, most notably nearly orthogonal lattices, cyclotomic lattices, and cyclic lattices.

On Multiplication Groups Of Quasigroups, Ahmed Al Fares

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Quasigroups are algebraic structures in which divisibility is always defined. In this thesis we investigate quasigroups using a group-theoretic approach. We first construct a family of quasigroups which behave in a group-like fashion. We then focus on the multiplication groups of quasigroups, which have first appeared in the work of A. A. Albert. These permutation groups allow us to study quasigroups using group theory. We also explore how certain natural operations on quasigroups affect the associated multiplication groups. Along the way we take the time and special care to pose specific questions that may lead to further work in the …

An Exponential Formula For Random Variables Generated By Multiple Brownian Motions, Maximilian Lawrence Baroi

CGU Theses & Dissertations

The frozen operator has been used to develop Dyson-series like representations for random variables generated by classical Brownian motion, Lévy processes and fractional Brownian with Hurst index greater than 1/2.The relationship between the conditional expectation of a random variable (or fractional conditional expectation in the case of fractional Brownian motion)and that variable's Dyson-series like representation is the exponential formula. These results had not yet been extended to either fractional Brownian motion with Hurst index less than 1/2, or d-dimensional Brownian motion. The former is still out of reach, but we hope our review of stochastic integration for fractional Brownian motion …

Machine Learning In Requirements Elicitation: A Literature Review, Cheligeer Cheligeer, Jingwei Huang, Guosong Wu, Nadia Bhuiyan, Yuan Xu, Yong Zeng

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

A growing trend in requirements elicitation is the use of machine learning (ML) techniques to automate the cumbersome requirement handling process. This literature review summarizes and analyzes studies that incorporate ML and natural language processing (NLP) into demand elicitation. We answer the following research questions: (1) What requirement elicitation activities are supported by ML? (2) What data sources are used to build ML-based requirement solutions? (3) What technologies, algorithms, and tools are used to build ML-based requirement elicitation? (4) How to construct an ML-based requirements elicitation method? (5) What are the available tools to support ML-based requirements elicitation methodology? Keywords …

A Probabilistic Perspective Of Human-Machine Interaction, Mustafa Canan, Mustafa Demir, Samuel Kovacic

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

Human-machine interaction (HMI) has become an essential part of the daily routine in organizations. Although the machines are designed with state-of-the-art Artificial Intelligence applications, they are limited in their ability to mimic human behavior. The human-human interaction occurs between two or more humans; when a machine replaces a human, the interaction dynamics are not the same. The results indicate that a machine that interacts with a human can increase the mental uncertainty that a human experiences. Developments in decision sciences indicate that using quantum probability theory (QPT) improves the understanding of human decision-making than merely using classical probability theory (CPT). …

Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies A Novel Mutation In Aspm And Ultra-Rare Mutation In Cdk5rap2 Causing Primary Microcephaly In Consanguineous Pakistani Families, Ehtisham Ul Haq Makhdoom, Haseeb Anwar, Shahid Mahmood Baig, Ghulam Hussain

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Background & objectives: Primary Microcephaly (MCPH) is a rare neurogenetic disease, manifesting congenitally reduced head circumference and non-progressive intellectual disability (ID). To date, twenty-eight genes with biallelic mutations have been reported for this disorder. The study aimed for molecular genetic characterization of Pakistani families segregating MCPH.
Methods: We studied two unrelated consanguineous families (family A and B) presenting >2 patients with diagnostic symptoms of MCPH, born to asymptomatic parents. We employed whole-exome sequencing (WES) of probands to find putative causal mutations. The candidate variants were further confirmed and analyzed for co-segregation by Sanger sequencing of all available members of each …

Cybersecurity In Fintech Companies, Efstratios Zouros

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

Have you recently accessed your bank account online? Have you accessed any financial instrument through your computer or your mobile device? If you are reading this, chances are you have. Every time you utilize those services, you ultimately put your trust in the financial institutions that offer them. You trust that they can securely keep your private information, while also keeping your savings safe. Ultimately, there is a certain dependability and trust in financial institutions that have been present on earth before most of us.

Digital Forensic Investigation, Dejuan Green

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

Finding, acquiring, processing, analyzing, and reporting data on electronically stored data is the main goal of the forensic science discipline known as "digital forensics." Nearly all illegal acts include the use of electronic evidence, making digital forensics support essential for law enforcement investigations. Furthermore, digital forensics is very important to cases aiding in many cases and can lead to saving lives/ victims and locking up criminals. A wide range of devices, including laptops, cellphones, remote storage, unmanned aerial systems, shipborne equipment, and more, can be used to gather electronic evidence. [2] Digital forensics' major objective is to take data from …

Understanding The Effectivity And Increased Reliance Of Credit Risk Machine Learning Models In Banking, Grishma Baruah

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

Credit risk analysis and making accurate investment and lending decisions has been a challenge for the financial industry for many years, as can be seen with the 2008 financial crisis. However, with the rise of machine learning models and predictive analytics, there has been a shift to increased reliance on technology for determining credit risk. This transition to machine learning comes with both advantages, such as potentially eliminating human error and assumptions from lending decisions, and disadvantages, such as time constraints, data usage inabilities, and lack of understanding nuances in machine learning models. In this paper, I look at four …

Ransombuster Iot: A Intrusion Detection And Dataset Creation Tool For Ransomware Attacks Within Iot Networks, Jackson M. Walker

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

The proposed research follows the design-science guidelines(Hevner, 2004). This paper uses these design-science methods for developing the guidelines for the implementation of the proposed architecture, understanding previous research contributions, and evaluating of research. This paper proposes a network artifact for studying ransomware IoT intrusion detection techniques and offers a proposed network architecture to serve as a framework for creating a publicly available dataset for IoT research on ransomware.

Deepfakes: Ai Technology Of The Future, Hosanna Root

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

Deepfakes technology’s danger stems from its ability to create realistic but fake synthesized media that people often identify as something that is real. With this powerful technology in the wrong hands, deepfakes can cause devastating havoc through information warfare, election campaign disruptions, and more, creating distrust in society. Disinformation is already rampant today, even without wide deployments of deepfakes, which is concerning given the fact that deepfakes’ nefarious full potentials are yet to be reached.

Mitigation Of Algorithmic Bias To Improve Ai Fairness, Kathy Wang

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

As artificial intelligence continues to evolve rapidly with emerging innovations, mass-scale digitization could be disrupted due to unfair algorithms with historically biased data. With the rising concerns of algorithmic bias, detecting biases is essential in mitigating and implementing an algorithm that promotes inclusive representation. The spread of ubiquitous artificial intelligence means that improving modeling robustness is at its most crucial point. This paper examines the omnipotence of artificial intelligence and its resulting bias, examples of AI bias in different groups, and a potential framework and mitigation strategies to improve AI fairness and remove AI bias from modeling techniques.

Cyber Threat On The High Seas. A Growing Threat To Infrastructure, James Cummins

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

In a growing digital and cloud-connected world, all aspects of our lives are becoming interconnected. All these interconnections breed a possibility for ever-increasing cybersecurity threats. The oceans are not impervious to these attacks. In this research paper, we address the following questions.

What threats do commercial ships face today?

What actions are necessary to mitigate these threats?

Exploratory Analysis Of Password And Login Security Methods, Sofia Huang

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

In 2022, the average cost of a data breach is $4.35 million. Passwords are the first line of defense against unauthorized access to accounts and important data. Ensuring that accounts are secure is vital to protect personal and corporate information. Although big tech companies are researching ways to implement password-free authentication systems, they will likely not be replaced by new technology all of a sudden. Therefore, methods to strengthen passwords and optimize security must be used until more advanced options are easily accessible. In this paper, common forms of password attacks and various methods of password security evaluation and login …

Athena Detector Proposal — A Totally Hermetic Electron Nucleus Apparatus Proposed For Ip6 At The Electron-Ion Collider, The Athena Collaboration

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

ATHENA has been designed as a general purpose detector capable of delivering the full scientific scope of the Electron-Ion Collider. Careful technology choices provide fine tracking and momentum resolution, high performance electromagnetic and hadronic calorimetry, hadron identification over a wide kinematic range, and near-complete hermeticity. This article describes the detector design and its expected performance in the most relevant physics channels. It includes an evaluation of detector technology choices, the technical challenges to realizing the detector and the R&D required to meet those challenges.

Poly(Β-Gal-Thr): A New Scalable Synthetic Mucin, Manuel A. Lema

Dissertations and Theses

A method for the preparation of glycosylated polypeptides via the nucleophilic ring-opening polymerization of a glycosylated N-carboxyanhydride (NCA) monomer is reported. The synthesis of 2,3,4,6-tetraacetyl-β-galactose-threonine N-carboxyanhydride (β-AcO-Gal-Thr-NCA) monomer in 5 steps with an 8 % overall yield is described, and the single-crystal X-ray structure is provided. The effect of a series of Ni⁰-based organometallic initiators, nucleophilic amine initiators, co-catalysts, and solvents on the polymerization were explored. The kinetics of the three most promising conditions were studied in greater detail. The conditions that provided the highest yield, low polydispersity (Ð), and …

Understanding The Relationship Between Urban Areas And The Boundary Layer Using Remote Sensing Methods, Gabriel A. Rios

Dissertations and Theses

The atmospheric boundary layer is crucial to the exchange in energy between the Earth's surface and the atmosphere. Within this layer, the majority of human activities are carried out, which makes understanding the boundary layer especially important for many of our interests. A key component of this energy exchange is found at the surface, was surface properties are the interface through which momentum, heat, moisture, and other fluxes are transferred between media. Not only does the surface act as an interface, but as an actor that influences the exchange efficiency and rates. This concept is the crux of atmospheric boundary …

Scientific Breakdown Of A Ferromagnetic Nanofluid In Hemodynamics: Enhanced Therapeutic Approach, M. M. Bhatti, Sara Abdelsalam

Basic Science Engineering

In this article, we examine the mechanism of cobalt and tantalum nanoparticles through a hybrid fluid model. The nanofluid is propagating through an anisotropically tapered artery with three different configurations; converging, diverging and non-tapered. To examine the rheology of the blood we have incorporated a Williamson fluid model which reveals both Newtonian and non-Newtonian effects. Mathematical and physical formulations are derived using the Lubrication approach for continuity, momentum and energy equations. The impact of magnetic field, porosity and viscous dissipation are also taken into the proposed formulation. A perturbation approach is used to determine the solutions of the formulated nonlinear …