Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Fluid Flow, Mineralization And Deformation In An Oceanic Detachment Fault: Microtextural, Geochemical And Isotopic Evidence From Pyrite At 13°30′N On The Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Andrew J. Martin, John W. Jamieson, Sven Petersen, Mostafa Fayek, Javier Escartin

Geoscience Faculty Research

Hydrothermal fluids in ultramafic-hosted hydrothermal systems associated with oceanic detachment faults can be more oxidizing compared to mafic-hosted vent sites. These fluids form a mineral assemblage of pyrite, magnetite and hematite. At 13°30′N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, chlorite-quartz breccias recovered from an exposed fault scarp contain pyrite, with abundant magnetite and hematite, indicating that the redox of the fluids was variable. In primary micron-scale zonations in pyrite, Ni, Co, and Se have a decoupled relationship, recording fluctuations in the chemical composition and temperature of hydrothermal fluid as the grains grew. Secondary zonations that erase and overprint primary zonations are limited …

To Open Or Not To Open: Developing A Covid-19 Model Specific To Small Residential Campuses, Christina Joy Edholm, Maryann Hohn, Nicole Lee Falicov, Emily Lee, Lily Natasha Wartman, Ami Radunskaya

CODEE Journal

In May 2020, administrators of residential colleges struggled with the decision of whether or not to open their campuses in the Fall semester of 2020. To help guide this decision, we formulated an ODE model capturing the dynamics of the spread of COVID-19 on a residential campus. In order to provide as much information as possible for administrators, the model accounts for the different behaviors, susceptibility, and risks in the various sub-populations that make up the campus community. In particular, we start with a traditional SEIR model and add compartments representing relevant variables, such as quarantine compartments and a hospitalized …

Solar Panels, Euler’S Method And Community-Based Projects: Connecting Differential Equations With Climate Change, Victor J. Donnay

CODEE Journal

How does mathematics connect with the search for solutions to the climate emergency? One simple connection, which can be explored in an introductory differential equations course, can be found by analyzing the energy generated by solar panels or wind turbines. The power generated by these devices is typically recorded at standard time intervals producing a data set which gives a discrete approximation to the power function $P(t)$. Using numerical techniques such as Euler’s method, one can determine the energy generated. Here we describe how we introduce the topic of solar power, apply Euler’s method to determine the energy generated, and …

Using A Sand Tank Groundwater Model To Investigate A Groundwater Flow Model, Christopher Evrard, Callie Johnson, Michael A. Karls, Nicole Regnier

CODEE Journal

A Sand Tank Groundwater Model is a tabletop physical model constructed of plexiglass and filled with sand that is typically used to illustrate how groundwater water flows through an aquifer, how water wells work, and the effects of contaminants introduced into an aquifer. Mathematically groundwater flow through an aquifer can be modeled with the heat equation. We will show how a Sand Tank Groundwater Model can be used to simulate groundwater flow through an aquifer with a no flow boundary condition.

Smartgrid-Ng: Blockchain Protocol For Secure Transaction Processing In Next Generation Smart Grid, Lokendra Vishwakarma, Debasis Das, Sajal K. Das, Christian Becker

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

With the advent of Blockchain and the Internet of Things (IoT), the Smart Grid is a rapidly growing technology in decentralized energy distribution and trading. However, this advancement came with some serious cyber security challenges and attacks, such as single-point failure due to a centralized architecture of smart grids, slow transaction processing, emerging cybersecurity threats, double-spending, fork, and fault tolerance. We propose a comprehensive framework for the smart grid called SmartGrid-NG to solve all these issues. Instead of using blockchain as a blackbox plugin tool, we also propose a reputation-based blockchain protocol called GridChain to increase the performance of blockchain-based …

Splitfed-Based Patient Severity Prediction And Utility Maximization In Industrial Healthcare 4.0, Himanshu Singh, Biken Moirangthem, Ajay Pratap, Shilpi Kumari, Abhishek Kumar, Sajal K. Das

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The healthcare industry has transitioned from traditional healthcare 1.0 to AI-powered healthcare 4.0. However, overall cost for patient treatment remains high and challenging to manage due to the absence of a centralized cost evaluation mechanism before hospital visits. Therefore, in this paper, we devise a cloud-based mechanism to calculate hospitals' star rating based on questionnaire with the application of Z-score and K∗clustering algorithm. To evaluate disease severity at cloud, splitfed technique is utilized in coordination with Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN). Finally, the cloud calculates provisional treatment costs and finds a preferable hospital with a low payable treatment cost and …

Designing A Convection-Cloud Chamber For Collision-Coalescence Using Large-Eddy Simulation With Bin Microphysics, Aaron Wang, Mikhail Ovchinnikov, Fan Yang, Silvio Schmalfuss, Raymond A. Shaw

Michigan Tech Publications

Collisional growth of cloud droplets is an essential yet uncertain process for drizzle and precipitation formation. To improve the quantitative understanding of this key component of cloud-aerosol-turbulence interactions, observational studies of collision-coalescence in a controlled laboratory environment are needed. In an existing convection-cloud chamber (the Pi Chamber), collisional growth is limited by low liquid water content and short droplet residence times. In this work, we use numerical simulations to explore various configurations of a convection-cloud chamber that may intensify collision-coalescence. We employ a large-eddy simulation (LES) model with a size-resolved (bin) cloud microphysics scheme to explore how cloud properties and …

Comment On 'From Counterportation To Local Wormholes', Justin Dressel, Gregory Reznick, Lev Vaidman

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Hatim Salih discovered a method for transferring a quantum state with no particles present in the transmission channel, which he named counterportation. Recently (Salih 2023 Quantum Sci. Technol.8 025016), he presented a feasible procedure for its implementation. The modification of the protocol by Aharonov and Vaidman, adopted by Salih, justifies the claim that no photons were present in the transmission channel during counterportation. We argue, however, that there is an error in this paper. The analysis of a simplified protocol, which questions the validity of the two-state vector formalism description of the photon presence in the communication channel, is …

Aftdc 2024 Session I English.- Decoding Complexity: Visualizing The Trans-Disciplinary Communication (Tdc) Logarithmic Spiral, Jasmin Cowin

Trans-Disciplinary Communication

No abstract provided.

Aftdc 2024 Session Ii Español.- Open Science Framework (Osf) Como Herramienta Para La Colaboración Transdisciplinaria, Cristo Leon

Trans-Disciplinary Communication

No abstract provided.

Aftdc 2024 Open Discussion On The Association's Vision: An Opportunity For All Members To Share And Shape The Future Direction Of Aftdc, Cristo Leon

Trans-Disciplinary Communication

No abstract provided.

Aftdc 2024 Keynote.- The Significance And Vital Role Of Student Participation In Peer Review For Transdisciplinary Communication, Nagib Callaos

Trans-Disciplinary Communication

Join Dr. Nagib Callaos at the inaugural AFTDC meeting for a groundbreaking keynote on the transformative role of student participation in peer review for transdisciplinary communication. Delve into the intellectual, educational, and pragmatic benefits as Dr. Callaos explores the impact on personal and societal good. Discover how this practice enhances critical thinking, intellectual diversity, and adaptability in the face of rapid technological and societal changes. Learn about the significant role of educational systems in fostering intellectual diversification and skill development. The keynote will highlight the unique value of engaging students in peer review processes, especially in transdisciplinary settings, underlining its …

Aftdc 2024 Welcome And Opening Remarks, Cristo Leon, James Lipuma Dr.

Trans-Disciplinary Communication

Our primary focus is to discuss the effective establishment, nurturing, and expansion of chapters within the American Association for Trans-Disciplinary Communication (AFTDC).

Fish Assemblage Structure In Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands Over Ten Years, Matthew S. Silverhart

Masters Theses

Coastal wetlands in the Laurentian Great Lakes are important habitats for many fish species. The geographic scale of the watershed and the diversity of land uses in the region result in substantial environmental variation among coastal wetlands. During 2011-2020, annual surveys were conducted as part of the Great Lakes Coastal Wetland Monitoring Program (GLCWMP) to better understand the status and trends of coastal wetlands. Fish sampling consisted of fyke netting in monodominant vegetation zones. During this time, 1225 unique monodominant plant zones in coastal wetlands were sampled, resulting in 584,125 fishes captured that consisted of 113 different species. Yellow Perch …

Assessing Sediment Migration And Salmonid Habitat Recovery Following A Small Dam Removal And A Flood, Mill Creek, California, Usa, Madeline C. Doyle

Master's Theses

In 2021, the lower Mill Creek Dam (~4 m tall, ~8 m wide) was removed from the Mill Creek-San Vicente Creek watershed (18 km2), located in the Santa Cruz Mountains. Topographic surveys and pebble counts were performed at 27 transects four times between 2021 and 2023 to compare changes in channel characteristics and grain size to document the response to a small dam removal and the transition between drought and flood conditions. The goals of this study were to: (1) describe the movement of impounded sediment; (2) assess the success of habitat restoration for two endangered anadromous fish species: coho …

Enrichment Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Metabolizing Microorganisms On The Oral Mucosa Of Tobacco Users, James V. Defrancesco, Lin Tao, M Paul Chiarelli, Sylvia Pavlova, Antonia Kolokythas, Joel Schwartz, Benjamin Salameh, Stefan J. Green, Guy Adami

Chemistry: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Certain soil microbes resist and metabolize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The same is true for a subset of skin microbes. In the human mouth, oral microbes have the potential to oxidize tobacco PAHs, thereby increasing these chemicals' ability to cause cancer of adjacent epithelium. We hypothesized that we could identify, in smokers, the oral mucosal microbes that can metabolize PAH. We isolated bacteria and fungi that survived long-term in minimal media with PAHs as the sole carbon source, under aerobic conditions, from the oral mucosa in 17 of 26 smokers and two of 14 nonsmokers. Of bacteria genera that survived …

Integrating External Controls By Regression Calibration For Genome-Wide Association Study, Lirong Zhu, Shijia Yan, Xuewei Cao, Shuanglin Zhang, Qiuying Sha

Michigan Tech Publications

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully revealed many disease-associated genetic variants. For a case-control study, the adequate power of an association test can be achieved with a large sample size, although genotyping large samples is expensive. A cost-effective strategy to boost power is to integrate external control samples with publicly available genotyped data. However, the naive integration of external controls may inflate the type I error rates if ignoring the systematic differences (batch effect) between studies, such as the differences in sequencing platforms, genotype-calling procedures, population stratification, and so forth. To account for the batch effect, we propose an approach …

On Water Arrangements In Right- And Left-Handed Dna Structures, Liliya A. Yatsunyk, S. Neidle

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Works

DNA requires hydration to maintain its structural integrity. Crystallographic analyses have enabled patterns of water arrangements to be visualized. We survey these water motifs in this review, focusing on left- and right-handed duplex and quadruplex DNAs, together with the i-motif. Common patterns of linear spines of water organization in grooves have been identified and are widely prevalent in right-handed duplexes and quadruplexes. By contrast, a left-handed quadruplex has a distinctive wheel of hydration populating the almost completely circular single groove in this structure.

Piecing Together Performance: Collaborative, Participatory Research-Through-Design For Better Diversity In Games, Daniel L. Gardner, Louanne Boyd, Reginald T. Gardner

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

Digital games are a multi-billion-dollar industry whose production and consumption extend globally. Representation in games is an increasingly important topic. As those who create and consume the medium grow ever more diverse, it is essential that player or user-experience research, usability, and any consideration of how people interface with their technology is exercised through inclusive and intersectional lenses. Previous research has identified how character configuration interfaces preface white-male defaults [39, 40, 67]. This study relies on 1-on-1 play-interviews where diverse participants attempt to create “themselves” in a series of games and on group design activities to explore how participants may …

Inpatient Costs Of Treating Patients With Covid-19, Ankita Podichetty, Raymond S Greenberg

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: With more than 6.2 million hospitalizations due to COVID-19 in the US, recognition of the average hospital costs to provide inpatient care during the pandemic is necessary to understanding the national medical resource use and improving public health readiness and related policies.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the mean cost to provide inpatient care to treat COVID-19 and how it varied through the pandemic waves and by important sociodemographic patient characteristics.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study used inpatient-level data from March 1, 2020, to March 31, 2022, extracted from a repository of clinical, administrative, and financial information covering 97% …

Attochemistry Regulation Of Charge Migration, Aderonke Folorunso

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Charge migration (CM) is a coherent attosecond process that involves the movement of localized holes across a molecule. This phenomenon is potentially useful to understand the fundamental principles of photochemistry, such as light harvesting. The first part of this dissertation discusses the molecular modes of attosecond charge migration. In this work, we used first-principles calculations to investigate the modes of charge migration (CM) in halogenated hydrocarbon chains at attosecond timescales. We have simulated the creation of a localized hole on the halogen atom using constrained density functional theory (DFT) and then tracked its subsequent dynamics with time-dependent DFT (TDDFT). Our …

Innovative Cyanine-Based Fluorescent Dye For Targeted Mitochondrial Imaging And Its Utility In Whole-Brain Visualization, Xin Yan, Xinqian Chen, Zhiying Shan, Lanrong Bi

Michigan Tech Publications

Conducting in vivo brain imaging can be a challenging task due to the complexity of brain tissue and the strict requirements for safe and effective imaging agents. However, a new fluorescent dye called Cy5-PEG2 has been developed that selectively accumulates in mitochondria, enabling the visualization of these essential organelles in various cell lines. This dye is versatile and can be used for the real-time monitoring of mitochondrial dynamics in living cells. Moreover, it can cross the blood-brain barrier, making it a promising tool for noninvasive in vivo brain imaging. Based on the assessment of glial cell responses in the hippocampus …

The Valuation Of Exit Option In A Lignite Mine Using Monte Carlo Simulation, Marcin Pawlak, Tomasz Wiśniewski

Journal of Sustainable Mining

This study aims to demonstrate the application of simulation techniques to the valuation of real options. The nature of the paper is methodological and empirical. The purpose of the valuation of the option to close a lignite mine in Poland is to demonstrate the methodology and advantages of employing Monte Carlo simulation in the valuation of real options. Close to actual numerical data reveals a complex optimization problem in the context of strategy selection by decision-makers. Numerous factors (extraction costs, reclamation costs, the write-off for the reclamation fund, etc.), their interpenetration and multilevel influence on the decision to close the …

Mathematical Model For The Management Of The Wave Processes In Three-Winding Transformers With Consideration Of The Main Magnetic Flux In Mining Industry, M. S. Seheda, O. S. Beshta, P. F. Gogolyuk, Yu. V. Blyznak, R. D. Dychkovskyi, A. Smoliński

Journal of Sustainable Mining

The aim of the work is to study the wave processes in three-winding power transformers caused by impulse overvoltage, to create an improved mathematical model for reproducing the process of distribution and transmission of the impulse in the windings of a three-winding power transformer. A mathematical model has been developed for the study of internal overvoltage in the windings of three-winding power transformers, based on the proposed substitute circuit of an infinitesimal element, taking into account the longitudinal and transverse inductive connections between the turns of the winding, the electromagnetic connections between the windings and the flux splitting from the …

The Effect Of Blasting Using Low-Density Emulsion Explosives, Vinko Škrlec, Mario Dobrilović, Barbara Štimac Tumara, Vječislav Bohanek

Journal of Sustainable Mining

Low-density emulsion explosives are essentially blends of an emulsion matrix and a certain amount of gaseous phase inclusions acting as hot spots. With the addition of expanded polystyrene for gaseous sensibilization, the resulting explosive blend was developed to reduce peak values and pressure impulse of gaseous detonation products on surrounding rock. This resulted in a decrease in rock stress and a decrease in cracking zone width outside of the minefield boundary. The use of low-density emulsion explosives correlates with the decrease in the seismic effect of blasting, more precisely, the decrease of induced rock oscillation velocities. The low-density emulsion explosive …

Numerical Simulation On Effect Of Coal Pillar Width On Stability Of Retained Roadway: A Case Study Of Khe Cham Coal Mine, Vietnam, Quang Phuc Le, Tien Dung Le

Journal of Sustainable Mining

When extracting coal seams in Vietnam underground mines, coal pillars are often left unmined for the protection of retained roadways in the longwall mining method. During longwall mining operations, coal pillars are often placed where high-stress concentrations occur in the abutment pressure zone of adjacent panels, especially when extracting seams under hard-to-cave main roof conditions. The instability of coal pillars under the loading of the main roof may cause the roadway to collapse, threatening the safe operation of a coal mine. This paper presents a detailed numerical investigation of the effect of coal pillar width on the stability of retained …

Assessing Compliance To Water Resources And Reconstruction Framework During Post-Conflict Reconstruction Borno State, Muritala Olaniyi Oke Dr

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

Northeast and northwest of Nigeria have, as a result of activities of Boko Haram, bandit and kidnappers, had their public and private properties destroyed. Governments and other stakeholders, upon some successes of the military, have started post-conflict reconstruction to rebuild the war-torn urban and rural communities with the provision of water taking the center stage. This paper looks at the utilisation of Water Resources and a Reconstruction framework for integrating water projects into reconstruction processes. This paper rests on the argument that water projects during reconstruction should not be handled as “normal” water projects and that a more culturally and …

Time Scale Theory On Stability Of Explicit And Implicit Discrete Epidemic Models: Applications To Swine Flu Outbreak, Gülşah Yeni, Elvan Akın, Naveen K. Vaidya

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Time scales theory has been in use since the 1980s with many applications. Only very recently, it has been used to describe within-host and between-hosts dynamics of infectious diseases. In this study, we present explicit and implicit discrete epidemic models motivated by the time scales modeling approach. We use these models to formulate the basic reproduction number, which determines whether an outbreak occurs, or the disease dies out. We discuss the stability of the disease-free and endemic equilibrium points using the linearization method and Lyapunov function. Furthermore, we apply our models to swine flu outbreak data to demonstrate that the …

On A Multivalued Prescribed Mean Curvature Problem And Inclusions Defined On Dual Spaces, Vy Khoi Le

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

This article addresses two main objectives. First, it establishes a functional analytic framework and presents existence results for a quasilinear inclusion describing a prescribed mean curvature problem with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions, involving a multivalued lower order term. The formulation of the problem is done in the space of functions with bounded variation. The second objective is to introduce a general existence theory for inclusions defined on nonreflexive Banach spaces, which is specifically applicable to the aforementioned prescribed mean curvature problem. This problem can be formulated as a multivalued variational inequality in the space of functions with bounded variation, which, …

Microstructure-Based Modeling Of Primary Cilia Mechanics, Nima Mostafazadeh, Andrew Resnick, Y.-N. Young, Zhangli Peng

Physics Faculty Publications

A primary cilium, made of nine microtubule doublets enclosed in a cilium membrane, is a mechanosensing organelle that bends under an external mechanical load and sends an intracellular signal through transmembrane proteins activated by cilium bending. The nine microtubule doublets are the main load-bearing structural component, while the transmembrane proteins on the cilium membrane are the main sensing component. No distinction was made between these two components in all existing models, where the stress calculated from the structural component (nine microtubule doublets) was used to explain the sensing location, which may be totally misleading. For the first time, we developed …