Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Front Matter

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Life Beyond The Horizon: The Universe Was Born In A Black Hole, Zahria Patrick

Undergraduate Research Symposium

It is a widely accepted fact that obtaining information about a black hole is a near-impossible task without being stretched like a spaghetti noodle and trapped in one due to its strong gravitational pull. If the universe exists in a black hole, however, it will mean that it could be possible to survive after crossing its inescapable borders. As surprising as all of this may seem, this theory has existed for quite a while amongst a few different physicists. One person that has shed light on and expanded people’s knowledge of this frightening theory is theoretical physicist, Nikodem Poplawski. The …

The Effect Of Variation Of N-Substituents On Oxidopyridinium Ions In (4+3) Cycloadditions, Zahria Patrick, Madison Clark

Undergraduate Research Symposium

The aim of this research project is to expand the scope of 4 + 3 cycloadduct chemistry by varying functional groups attached to the prerequisite oxidopyridinium ion for each respective cycloadduct product. While N-substitution of the pyridinium precursor is known to proceed smoothly if alkylated by a lone methyl group, we evaluated the effect a larger alkyl group would have on the overall yield of the 4 + 3 cycloadduct product.

Isobutyl triflate, generated from the known reaction between isobutyl alcohol and triflic anhydride, was reacted with ethyl 5-hydroxy-nicotinate to generate the respective N-isobutyl oxidopyridinium ion in quantitative …

Total Variation Flow In R^N Dimensions With Examples Relating To Perimeters Of Level Sets, Luis Schneegans, Victoria Shumakovich

Undergraduate Research Symposium

In this project, we explore radial solutions to the Total Variation Flow (TVF) equation with the help of the Sign Fast Diffusion Equation (SFDE) and prior results in the 1-dimensional case. Specifically for radial solutions, we derive equations and explicit solutions relating to the n-dimensional case. Lastly, we look at how level sets and (time) profiles change.

The Roaring Lion Of Berlin: The Life, Thought, And Influence Of Eugen Dühring, Arden Roy

Undergraduate Research Symposium

The life and influence of 19th-century German polymath Eugen Dühring remain but a mere footnote in the history of ideas, being primarily relegated to the status of little more than a theoretical rival to Marxism in the German socialist movement and the occasional object of Freidrich Nietzsche's rhetorical flogging. Despite the current consensus on the subject, Eugen Dühring was a scholar of vast, remarkable learnedness, contributing greatly to philosophy, economics, and the natural sciences. The aim of this talk will be to clear the fog surrounding the life and work of the controversial blind scholar and give an account of …

Etherification Of Propargylic Alcohol Using Ferrocenium Ions, Cody Amann, Sai Anvesh Bezawada, Eike B. Bauer

Undergraduate Research Symposium

Etherification of Propargylic Alcohol using Ferrocenium Ions

Cody Amann, Sai Anvesh Bezawada and Eike B. Bauer*

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St.Louis, MO 63121

Our research efforts are directed toward the improvement of iron-based catalyst systems. The Bauer research group recently found that the ferrocenium cation is a catalytically active in the etherification of propargylic alcohols. My research was to compare the effect of two different counteranions of the ferrocenium cation on the catalytic activity. Etherification test reactions were performed using 2-methyl-2-phenol-propargylic alcohol and n-butanol to afford the corresponding propargylic ether substitution products. The complexes used …

Determination Of Antibody Affinity For The Alzheimer’S Amyloid-Β Protein, Bree Carlton

Undergraduate Research Symposium

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a common form of dementia that is characterized by inflammation, loss of brain mass, and loss of motor function and memory. One of the pathological hallmarks of AD is the accumulation of Amyloid-β (Aβ) in the brain as senile plaques. Aβ is formed from a large protein called Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) when specific enzymes cut a segment of the protein into a shorter polypeptide chain, Aβ. Different aggregation species were used in this project, specifically monomers and protofibrils. Monomers are naturally occurring and nontoxic, while protofibrils are neurotoxic and neuroinflammatory. One way that Aβ can …

Effect Of Methane Mitigation On Global Temperature Under A Permafrost Feedback, Hannah Bäck, Riley May, Divya Sree Naidu, Steffen Eikenberry

Mathematics and Statistics Student Research and Class Projects

Earth systems may fall into an undesirable system state if 1.5°C of warming is exceeded. Carbon release from substantial permafrost stocks vulnerable to near-term warming represents a positive climate feedback that may increase the risk of 1.5°C warming or greater. Methane (CH₄) is a short-lived but powerful greenhouse gas with a global warming potential 28.5 times that of carbon dioxide (CO₂) over a 100 year time span. Because permafrost thaw in the coming centuries is partly determined by the warming in the 21st century, rapid reductions in methane emissions early in the 21st century could have …

Rewilding Our Story: Using Storytelling To Combat Climate Change, Calli Lambard

Sustainability Research & Practice Seminar Presentations

Calli Lambard, WCU Office of Sustainability, Rewilding Our Story: Using Storytelling to Combat Climate Change

Analyzing The Effects Of Data Variability & Volume On Predicting Particulate Matter (Pm2.5): Insights From A Machine Learning Approach, Jada A. Macharie

Theses and Dissertations

Accurately predicting PM_2.5 concentrations are imperative to the future of public health and environmental policies. Machine learning models incorporating spatial and temporal datasets to predict PM_2.5 are often limited by data availability constraints and poor resolution satellite imagery.

On The Qualitative Analysis Of Nonlinear Q-Fractional Delay Descriptor Systems, Abdullah Yi̇ği̇t

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this manuscript, we obtain some sufficient conditions for a nonlinear q fractional integro singular system with constant delays to be asymptotically admissible and a nonlinear q fractional non-singular system to be asymptotically stable. We use Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals and some inequalities to obtain these conditions. At the same time, we present some numerical examples that confirm the sufficient conditions we obtained theoretically, with their annotated solutions and graphs.

On Lyapunov-Type Inequalities For Five Different Types Of Higher Order Boundary Value Problems, Mustafa Fahri̇ Aktaş, Bariş Berkay Erçikti

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper, we establish the uniqueness and existence of the classical solution to higher-order boundary value problems. Then, we give a new Lyapunov-type inequalities for higher order boundary value problems. Our study is based on Green’s functions corresponding to the five different types of two-point boundary value problems. In addition, some applications of the obtained inequalities are given.

Globally Generated Vector Bundles On The Del Pezzo Threefold Of Degree 6 With Picard Number 2, Takuya Nemoto

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

We classify globally generated vector bundles on a general hyperplane section of P2 × P2 embedded by the Segre embedding, considering small first Chern classes c1 = (1, 1) and c1 = (2, 1).

Extremal Functions For A Singular Super-Critical Trudinger-Moser Inequality, Juan Zhao

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper, we deal with a singular super-critical Trudinger-Moser inequality on a unit ball of Rn , n ≥ 3. For any p > 1, we set λp(B) = inf u∈W1,n 0 (B),u̸≡0 ∫ B |∇u|ndx ( ∫ B |u|pdx)n/p as an eigenvalue related to the n-Laplacian. Let S be a set of radially symmetric functions. Precisely, if β ≥ 0 and α < (1 + p nβ)n−1+n/pλp(B) , then there exists a positive constant ϵ0 such that when λ ≤ 1 + ϵ0 , sup u∈W1,n 0 (B)∩S, ∫ B |∇u|ndx−α( ∫ B |u|p|x|pβdx) np ≤1 ∫ B |x|pβ ( eαn(1+ p n β)|u| n n−1 − λ Σm k=0 |αn(1 + p nβ)u n n−1 |k k! ) dx is attained, where αn = nω1/(n−1) n−1 , ωn−1 is the surface area of the unit ball in Rn . The proof is based on the method of blow-up analysis. The case λ = 0 was studied by Yang-Zhu in [38]. de Figueiredo [11] considered the case p = 2, β ≥ 0, and α = 0 in two dimension. The case λ = 0, p = n,−1 < β < 0, and α = 0 was considered by Adimurthi-Sandeep [1]. Our results extend those of the above cases.

Bmfou Pilot Project Rfc - Request For Change, Nikia Greene, Daryl Reed

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Bmfou Pilot Project Rfc - Request For Change, Wsp Environment & Infrastructure, Inc., Nikia Greene, Daryl Reed

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Dynamic Prognosis Prediction For Patients On Dapt After Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation: Model Development And Validation, Fang Li, Laila Rasmy, Yang Xiang, Jingna Feng, Ahmed Abdelhameed, Xinyue Hu, Zenan Sun, David Aguilar, Abhijeet Dhoble, Jingcheng Du, Qing Wang, Shuteng Niu, Yifang Dang, Xinyuan Zhang, Ziqian Xie, Yi Nian, Jianping He, Yujia Zhou, Jianfu Li, Mattia Prosperi, Jiang Bian, Degui Zhi, Cui Tao

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) in conjunction with recent updates in dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) management guidelines emphasizes the necessity for innovative models to predict ischemic or bleeding events after drug-eluting stent implantation. Leveraging AI for dynamic prediction has the potential to revolutionize risk stratification and provide personalized decision support for DAPT management. METHODS AND RESULTS: We developed and validated a new AI-based pipeline using retrospective data of drug-eluting stent-treated patients, sourced from the Cerner Health Facts data set (n=98 236) and Optum’s de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart Database (n=9978). The 36 months following drug-eluting stent implantation were …

Eocene (50–55 Ma) Greenhouse Climate Recorded In Nonmarine Rocks Of San Diego, Ca, Usa, Adrian P. Broz, Devin Pritchard-Peterson, Diogo Spinola, Sarah Schneider, Gregory Retallack, Lucas C.R. Silva

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

Nonmarine rocks in sea cliffs of southern California store a detailed record of weathering under tropical conditions millions of years ago, where today the climate is much drier and cooler. This work examines early Eocene (~ 50–55 million-year-old) deeply weathered paleosols (ancient, buried soils) exposed in marine terraces of northern San Diego County, California, and uses their geochemistry and mineralogy to reconstruct climate and weathering intensity during early Eocene greenhouse climates. These Eocene warm spikes have been modeled as prequels for ongoing anthropogenic global warming driven by a spike in atmospheric CO2. Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM, ~ 55 Ma) kaolinitic …

Thin-Film Nanocomposite Membranes With Alumina Nanoparticles For Textile Wastewater Treatment Applications, Amr Mohamed Tayel

Theses and Dissertations

Thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes are gaining great interest in industrial wastewater treatment due to their superior performance, especially for higher water flux and pollutants’ rejection, as well as improved chemical, thermal and mechanical stabilities, compared to other types of membranes. The performance of TFN membranes can be enhanced using different types of nanofillers, among which ceramic nanomaterials, such as Al2O3, offer a promising potential for applications involving treatment of industrial wastewater such as textile effluents, and this is due to their stability, hydrophilicity, and relative low cost. The study of the TFN membrane properties and structure allows the optimization and …

Virtual Reality & Pilot Training: Existing Technologies, Challenges & Opportunities, Tim Marron, Niall Dungan, Brian Mac Namee, Anna Donnla O'Hagan

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

The introduction of virtual reality (VR) to flying training has recently gained much attention, with numerous VR companies, such as Loft Dynamics and VRpilot, looking to enhance the training process. Such a considerable change to how pilots are trained is a subject that warrants careful consideration. Examining the effect that VR has on learning in other areas gives us an idea of how VR can be suitably applied to flying training. Some of the benefits offered by VR include increased safety, decreased costs, and increased environmental sustainability. Nevertheless, some challenges ahead for developers to consider are negative transfer of learning, …

On Strong Solvability Of One Nonlocal Boundary Value Problem For Laplace Equation In Rectangle, Telman Gasymov, Baharchin Akhmadli, Ümi̇t Ildiz

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

One nonlocal boundary value problem for the Laplace equation in a bounded domain is considered in this work. The concept of a strong solution to this problem is introduced. The correct solvability of this problem in the Sobolev spaces generated by the weighted mixed norm is proved by the Fourier method. In a classic statement, this problem has been

Invariant Symplectic Forms On Number Fields, Ahmad Rafiqi, Ayberk Zeyti̇n

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

We show that a number field of the form Q(λ) admits a symplectic form which is invariant under multiplication by λ if and only if the minimal polynomial of λ is palindromic of even degree. In particular, if λ is an algebraic integer, it is forced to be a unit. In the case when the minimal polynomial of λ is palindromic of degree 2d, we show that there is a d-dimensional space of invariant symplectic forms on Q(λ) .

On The Invariance Of Hyperstoneanness Under Lattice Isomorphisms, Banu Güntürk

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

Let X and Y be compact Hausdorff spaces with Y hyperstonean. In this paper, we prove that if C(X,R) and C(Y,R) are lattice isomorphic then these Banach spaces are linearly isometric, and, consequently, X and Y are homeomorphic, which in turn implies that X is also hyperstonean. Actually, we prove more than what is announced in the headline above. This result, in some ways, is a generalization of the well-known Banach-Stone theorem.

Some Estimates On The Spin−Submanifolds, Serhan Eker

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper, an optimal lower bound is given for the Submanifold Dirac operator in terms of the trace of an Energy−Momentum tensor, scalar curvature and mean curvature. In the equality case, it is proven that the submanifold is Einstein if the normal bundle is flat. Key words: Spin geometry, eigenvalues,

Effect Of Substrate Temperature And Deposition Power On The Surface Morphology And Optical Properties Of Zno:Mg Thin Films Deposited By Dc Magnetron Sputtering, Saidi Saidi, Margaret E. Samiji, Nuru R. Mlyuka

Tanzania Journal of Science

Magnesium doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Mg) thin films were deposited on soda lime glass slides by DC magnetron sputtering method. Atomic force microscope (AFM), and UV/VIS spectrophotometer were used to investigate the effect of sputtering power and substrate temperature on the surface morphology and optical properties of ZnO:Mg thin films. AFM images revealed that sputtering power and deposition temperature have significant influence on surface morphology of the ZnO:Mg thin films. For all sputtering powers and substrate temperatures investigated, ZnO:Mg films had peak transmittance above 85%. Samples deposited at 110 W sputtering power and 450 °C substrate temperature showed the best peak …

Heavy Metals Analysis And Physicochemical Characterization Of Groundwater At A Battery Recycling Site In South-Western Nigeria, Adeniyi T. Adeleke, Rasaki K. Odunaike, Shamsideen K. Alausa, Idris O. Olayiwola, Adetoro T. Talabi, Qasim A. Adeniji, Adejumobi C. Adeniyi

Tanzania Journal of Science

Indiscriminate dumping of battery waste is a huge issue that endangers human health and the environment. This study aimed at analysing the health impacts of exposure to pollution from spent battery recycling in Ogun State, which houses a diverse range of battery recycling industries. At this study site, forty water samples were studied over the Wet and Dry seasons to assess the impact of battery recycling waste on groundwater. Except for the TSS, the physiochemical parameters of the groundwater vary with season and are within the permissible limits. The electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, Phosphorus, Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), Dissolve oxygen …

Application Of Remote Sensing And Spectroradiometry In Geological Mapping: A Case Study Of Handeni (Qds 148) Block, Eastern Mozambique Belt, Tanzania, Masota M. Magigita, Elisante Mshiu, Cassy Mtelela

Tanzania Journal of Science

This study applies remote sensing (RS) as a geologic mapping aid tool , using Handeni Block of Tanzania as a case study. To achieve the objective of this study, we have utilized various RS processing and image enhancement techniques on multispectral data, including ASTER, Landsat 5, Landsat 8, and Sentinel 2A. The method proved successful whereby both Landsat-5-data with band combination (BC) 7:4:2 and 7:5:4 and band ratio (BR) 5/3:5/1:7/5 and Landsat-8 data with BCs 5:6:7 and 7:6:4 mapped out marble units. Sentinel 2A data (with BC 8:11:3, BRs 12/2:11/2:8/11; 12/4:11/3:11/2 and 12/4:12/2:11/3) together with image enhancement decorrelation stretch on …

Micro Machining Of A Si3n4/Sio2/Ti/Pt Hotplate And Its Ir Emissivity Properties, Egidius R. Rwenyagila

Tanzania Journal of Science

This paper presents the fabrication processes for a Si3N4/SiO2/Ti/Pt membrane based micro hotplate (MHP) using photolithography (PL) micro-machining techniques. The properties of the MHP filament are investigated and overall performance characteristics with regard to infrared (IR) radiation emissivity, resistance, breakdown voltage, and temperature of the fabricated Si3N4/SiO2/Ti/Pt micro heater. During characterization, the results show the device breakdown voltage of 24.24 V corresponding to the optimum operation temperature of ~ 1730.30 K. The device also showed an emissivity value of 5.2% with ~ 7% efficiency of transforming electrical power to IR thermal radiation power. The relationship between temperature and resistance, behaviour …

Preparation Of 2d Tungsten Diselenide (Wse2) Thin Films By Selenization Of Dc-Sputtered W Precursors, Lwitiko P. Mwakyusa

Tanzania Journal of Science

Two-dimensional layered transition metal dichalcogenides based on WSe2 films demonstrated promising properties for nano-electronics and photovoltaic applications. In this work, WSe2 films were prepared by selenization of DC-sputtered W precursors. The influence of the selenization temperature on the structural, morphology, and optical properties of the WSe2 films was investigated. The selenization temperature was varied from 350 °C to 450 °C at the interval of 50 °C. Structural, morphology and optical properties of the WSe2 were investigated using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), and UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer, respectively. XRD analysis revealed that all WSe2 were polycrystalline and exhibited the co-existence …

Quantifying The Strength Of The El Niño Southern Oscillation And The Indian Ocean Dipole In Influencing The Ond Rainfall Season In Tanzania, Benjamin William Ongito, Paul T.S. Limbu

Tanzania Journal of Science

The current paper examines the strength of variability between the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) in influencing October to December (OND) rainfall over the bimodal rainfall regime of Tanzania. The empirical orthogonal function (EOF), correlation analysis, and composite analysis were used during the data analysis. The results show more rainfall distribution over the western part of the Lake Victoria basin and to the peripheral of the northern coast of the country, thus suggesting that, during the OND rainfall season, the onset starts in the western part of the Lake Victoria basin, then spreads to the …