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Articles 151 - 180 of 294493
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Llm-Enabled Applications Require System-Level Threat Monitoring, Yedi Zhang, Haoyu Wang, Xianglin Yang, Jin Song Dong, Jun Sun
Llm-Enabled Applications Require System-Level Threat Monitoring, Yedi Zhang, Haoyu Wang, Xianglin Yang, Jin Song Dong, Jun Sun
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
LLM-enabled applications are rapidly reshaping the software ecosystem by using large language models as core reasoning components for complex task execution. This paradigm shift, however, introduces fundamentally new reliability challenges and significantly expands the security attack surface, due to the non-deterministic, learning-driven, and difficult-to-verify nature of LLM behavior. In light of these emerging and unavoidable safety challenges, we argue that such risks should be treated as expected operational conditions rather than exceptional events, necessitating a dedicated incident-response perspective. Consequently, the primary barrier to trustworthy deployment is not further improving model capability but establishing system-level threat monitoring mechanisms that can detect …
A Deep Learning Ensemble Framework For Multi-Subtype Renal Tumor Classification Using Contrast-Enhanced Ct, Hisham Abdeltawab, Ahmed Alksas, Mohamed Ghazal, Ashraf Khalil, Norah Saleh Alghamdi, Rasha T. Abouelkheir, Ahmed Elmahdy, Mohamed Abou El-Ghar, Sohail Contractor, Ayman El–Baz
A Deep Learning Ensemble Framework For Multi-Subtype Renal Tumor Classification Using Contrast-Enhanced Ct, Hisham Abdeltawab, Ahmed Alksas, Mohamed Ghazal, Ashraf Khalil, Norah Saleh Alghamdi, Rasha T. Abouelkheir, Ahmed Elmahdy, Mohamed Abou El-Ghar, Sohail Contractor, Ayman El–Baz
All Works
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is considered the most aggressive and common form of renal cancer. Therefore, early detection is crucial to ensure appropriate and effective treatment planning. In our study, we propose a novel computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) approach which incorporates a deep learning ensemble to differentiate between five renal tumor subtypes, utilising the modality of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT). The addressed renal lesions are malignant tumors (chromophobe RCC (chRCC), papillary RCC (pRCC), and clear cell RCC (ccRCC)) and benign tumors (renal oncocytoma (RO) and angiomyolipoma (AML)). Our study includes 280 patients who underwent renal biopsy, 112 patients were diagnosed with …
A Robust Approach For Olive Leaf Disease Detection In Uncontrolled Environments, Rima Grati, Khouloud Boukadi, Emna Ben Abdallah, Ahmed Seffah
A Robust Approach For Olive Leaf Disease Detection In Uncontrolled Environments, Rima Grati, Khouloud Boukadi, Emna Ben Abdallah, Ahmed Seffah
All Works
Detecting diseases in olive leaves is crucial for maintaining tree health and ensuring stable olive production. Early signs of infection often appear on the leaves, making them a key indicator for timely disease detection and intervention. Traditionally, farmers rely on visual inspection or laboratory tests to diagnose plant diseases. However, recent advancements in deep learning (DL) have significantly improved the accuracy and efficiency of olive leaf disease diagnosis. Numerous studies in the literature have explored this task using CNN-based architectures and, more recently, Vision Transformers. While these models have shown promising performance on benchmark datasets, they are often trained and …
Ai-Driven Collision Risk Prediction And Debris Optimization In Low Earth Orbit, Emad Alkhazraji, Mohamed E. Yahia, R. E. Tolba, N. S. Alharthi
Ai-Driven Collision Risk Prediction And Debris Optimization In Low Earth Orbit, Emad Alkhazraji, Mohamed E. Yahia, R. E. Tolba, N. S. Alharthi
All Works
Debris congestion and collision in low Earth orbit have become a major point of concern due to the rapid expansion of activities in that region. In this work, an AI-driven framework is developed and deployed to predict, analyze, and optimize collision risk across the altitude inclination space. Local debris object population, mass density distribution, and conjunction derived risk are computed. Then, an AI surrogate model, viz., gradient-boosted decision trees, was trained to predict collision conjunction relative probabilities and risk. Thereafter, data analysis and explain ability techniques are utilized to uncover underlying risk drivers and reveal how altitude, inclination, mass loading, …
From Solitons To Chaos: Nonlinear Dynamics Of The Time-Fractional Modified Regularized Long-Wave Equation, Samsun Nahar Ananna, Chunhui Lu, Abdulla Al Mamun, Md Al Amin Meia, Nur Hasan Mahmud Shahen
From Solitons To Chaos: Nonlinear Dynamics Of The Time-Fractional Modified Regularized Long-Wave Equation, Samsun Nahar Ananna, Chunhui Lu, Abdulla Al Mamun, Md Al Amin Meia, Nur Hasan Mahmud Shahen
School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications
This study investigates the nonlinear wave structures and complex dynamical behavior of the time-fractional modified regularized long-wave (mRLW) equation through an integrated analytical, numerical, and dynamical framework, with particular emphasis on connecting localized wave formation with perturbation-induced nonlinear dynamics. Within the adopted fractional framework, a Hirota-type bilinear approach is employed to construct one-wave, two-wave, three-wave, lump, one-lump–one-soliton, and one-lump–one-stripe structures, whose numerical consistency is subsequently examined using the Modified Variational Iteration (MVI) method through graphical comparisons and L 2 and L ∞ error norms. The periodically perturbed mRLW system is further investigated using phase portraits, Lyapunov exponents, bifurcation diagrams, Poincaré …
Stimuli-Responsive Proton Transfer: Photoacid Design, Co2 Sorbent Regeneration, And Polymer Applications, Melyse Ava Laud
Stimuli-Responsive Proton Transfer: Photoacid Design, Co2 Sorbent Regeneration, And Polymer Applications, Melyse Ava Laud
Theses and Dissertations
Control over proton transfer enables the regulation of many pH-dependent chemical and material processes. Stimuli-responsive functional materials provide a means of achieving this control. Functional materials such as Metastable-state photoacids (mPAHs) reversibly release large amounts of protons when stimulated by light from a weakly acidic site within their structure. However, the dark acidities of previously reported mPAHs limit their use under basic conditions. To address this limitation, a benzimidazole-type mPAH was developed with an improved ground-state pKa of 11.9 and a metastable-state pKa of 9.8, enabling reversible proton transfer under mildly basic conditions. Additional mPAHs were examined to determine how …
The Hidden Heatwave: Thermal Hazards In The New York City Subway System, Abdou Rachid Bah, Maimuna Muntaha, Lenny L. Metlitsky, Cesar Pascal Vasquez, Tyler Ayala, Isaac Morel Lopez, Shaquan A. Larose, Kingston Ditsch, Kip Nielsen, Shaunak Sharma, Reginald U. Avila-Ortega Blake, Hamidreza I. Norouzi
The Hidden Heatwave: Thermal Hazards In The New York City Subway System, Abdou Rachid Bah, Maimuna Muntaha, Lenny L. Metlitsky, Cesar Pascal Vasquez, Tyler Ayala, Isaac Morel Lopez, Shaquan A. Larose, Kingston Ditsch, Kip Nielsen, Shaunak Sharma, Reginald U. Avila-Ortega Blake, Hamidreza I. Norouzi
Publications and Research
Underground transit systems (Subway) are susceptible to frequent heat waves, which pose serious health and safety risks to commuters and transit workers. Yet, the patterns and extent of temperature changes within the subway system remain insufficiently understood. To address this gap, we conducted a study of thermal variability across 112 subway stations in New York City. Temperature and relative humidity were measured at both platform and street levels. Results show that during the summer, 70% of subway stations had platform heat index higher than street level heat index. We also developed a machine learning forecasting model to predict platform-level temperatures. …
A Projector-Rank Partition Theorem For Exact Degrees Of Freedom In Experimental Design, K. G. Nagananda
A Projector-Rank Partition Theorem For Exact Degrees Of Freedom In Experimental Design, K. G. Nagananda
Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations
In many experimental designs—split-plots, blocked or nested layouts, fractional factorials, and studies with missing or unequal replication—standard ANOVA procedures no longer tell us exactly how many independent pieces of information each effect truly contributes. We provide a general degrees of freedom (df) partition theorem that resolves this ambiguity. For N observations, we show that the total information in the data (i.e., N −1 df) can be split exactly across experimental effects and randomization strata by projecting the data onto each stratum and counting the df each effect contributes there. This yields integer df—not approximations—for any mix of fixed and random …
Computational Studies Of Triplet State Formation In Zinc Dipyrrin Complexes, Reuben Kwabla Adigbli
Computational Studies Of Triplet State Formation In Zinc Dipyrrin Complexes, Reuben Kwabla Adigbli
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Zinc dipyrromethene complexes are promising earth-abundant photosensitizers due to their strong visible-light absorption and tunable excited states. To rationally design them for photocatalysis and photodynamic therapy, a molecular-level understanding of triplet-state formation is needed, but details of intersystem crossing remain unclear. To study the effect of π-extension, we synthesized an indole-substituted zinc dipyrrin complex: the dipyrromethane ligand was prepared from indole and mesitaldehyde, oxidized to the dipyrromethene, then coordinated with zinc. DFT and TD-DFT calculations determined ground and excited-state geometries and energies in different solvents, modeled absorption spectra, and visualized charge distributions. The results show how solvent polarity shifts energies …
Toward Optimizing Fruit Production In Utah Soils: Apple Salt Tolerance Screening And Tart Cherry Fertility Management, Kaitlin Dabbs
Toward Optimizing Fruit Production In Utah Soils: Apple Salt Tolerance Screening And Tart Cherry Fertility Management, Kaitlin Dabbs
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present
Fruit production in Utah can be challenging due to local climate and soil conditions. Tart cherries and apples are major fruit crops in Utah, and improvements to these cropping systems would be beneficial for farmers and local consumers. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate desired improvements for these crops. The first study looked for salt tolerance in ten new apple rootstocks. Salty soils can be found throughout the state limiting the land suitable for apple production. When grown in salty soils apple trees often have reduced growth and production potential. A specialized drip irrigation system was constructed in a greenhouse …
Closing The Interactivity Gap: Towards Efficient In Situ Analysis, Bidirectional Steering, And Gaussian-Based Visualization For Large-Scale Scientific Computing, Andres Sewell
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present
Scientists use supercomputers to simulate weather, blood flow, plasma, and other systems. The largest machines produce more data than can be saved to disk, so scientists are only able to analyze a fraction of what gets generated. Visualizing the data during the run slows the simulation, because the rendering shares the simulation’s graphics processing units (GPUs). Most simulation codes offer no way to interact with a run in progress. The results are often too large to visualize on a local workstation, and exploring them on the supercomputer means waiting in the queue and spending allocation time. We call these three …
Structural And Electrochemical Characterization Of Na2co3/ Γ- Al2o3 Electrodes For Supercapacitor, Wiwin Dwiana, Jeniva Dinta Nanda Fahreza, Anissa Chairani Alfin Nadhira, Fatimatuz Zahra, Erma Surya Yuliana, Muhammad Safwan Abd Aziz, Nandang Mufti
Structural And Electrochemical Characterization Of Na2co3/ Γ- Al2o3 Electrodes For Supercapacitor, Wiwin Dwiana, Jeniva Dinta Nanda Fahreza, Anissa Chairani Alfin Nadhira, Fatimatuz Zahra, Erma Surya Yuliana, Muhammad Safwan Abd Aziz, Nandang Mufti
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)
The development of electrode materials with suitable structural and surface properties is crucial for improving electrochemical energy storage systems. Gamma alumina (𝛾-Al2O3) has attracted considerable interest in electrochemical research due to its unique structural and surface properties. However, its charge-storage capacity is still limited, highlighting the need for structural and compositional modifications to improve its electrochemical performance. In this study, Na2CO3 was introduced into 𝛾-Al2O3 as a sodium precursor to induce phase modification and enhance the electrochemical activity. The systematic incorporation of Na2CO3 also provides an opportunity …
Mgrre_Thinsections_Mgrre_11_26, Mgrre
Mgrre_Thinsections_Mgrre_11_25, Mgrre
Mgrre_Thinsections_Mgrre_11_24, Mgrre
Mgrre_Thinsections_Mgrre_11_23, Mgrre
Mgrre_Thinsections_Mgrre_11_22, Mgrre
Mgrre_Thinsections_Mgrre_11_21, Mgrre
Mgrre_Thinsections_Mgrre_11_20, Mgrre
Mgrre_Thinsections_Mgrre_11_19, Mgrre
Mgrre_Thinsections_Mgrre_11_18, Mgrre
Mgrre_Thinsections_Mgrre_11_17, Mgrre
Mgrre_Thinsections_Mgrre_11_16, Mgrre
Peakon Solutions And Analytical Properties For The Camassa–Holm-Type Equations With Quadratic Nonlinearities, Yonghong Chen, Zhijun Qiao, Mingxuan Zhu
Peakon Solutions And Analytical Properties For The Camassa–Holm-Type Equations With Quadratic Nonlinearities, Yonghong Chen, Zhijun Qiao, Mingxuan Zhu
School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications
In this paper, we derive the multi-peakon dynamical system of a class of Camassa-Holm-type equations with quadratic nonlinearities. We also consider the analytical properties for the Cauchy problem. Firstly, we establish local well-posedness of solutions in Besov spaces and then provide the blow-up criteria. Subsequently, we impose appropriate sufficient conditions on the initial data to guarantee that the corresponding solution either exists globally or blows up in a finite time. Finally, we prove the ill-posedness in the Besov space B2,∞3/2 by utilizing the non-traveling wave solutions.
Mgrre_Thinsections_Mgrre_11_15, Mgrre
Mgrre_Thinsections_Mgrre_11_14, Mgrre
Mgrre_Thinsections_Mgrre_11_13, Mgrre
Mgrre_Thinsections_Mgrre_11_12, Mgrre