Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Multi-Faceted Geoscience Research Using Open Access Resources: The Successful Participation Of K9-16 Students, Nazrul I. Khandaker, Noshin Sharmili, Omadevi Singh, Gurwinder Sahota, Sol De Leon, Matthew Khargie, Ali Zarine, Krishna Mahabir, Adacia Teemal, Mildred M. Selby

Publications and Research

Students interested in geosciences, for the most part, missed out their traditional field- based research activities due to strict social distancing, travel restrictions and/or lacking financial support. An absence of physical laboratory opportunities forced students to choose topics deemed doable through online research. Available data from online sources on extreme weather related case studies, flooding, droughts, groundwater depletion in urban and suburban areas, coastal erosion rate, sealevel rise, landslides, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and atmospheric pollution became quite handy and lucrative. Readily available pertinent data sources enabled K9-16 students to conduct summer research at “stay home” situations. Selective peer mentoring was …

Assessment Of The Impacts Of Urbanization On Land-Use And Land-Cover Changes Using Remote Sensing And Python At Gazipur District, Bangladesh, Atika Rahman Akji, Nowshin Ahsan Priyanka, Anwar Zahid, Muhammad Qumrul Hassan, Jowaher Raza, Nazrul I. Khandaker

Publications and Research

Urbanization has been the central demographic trend, not only in the Asia-Pacific region, but also for the entire world. Local geo-mapping is the vital tool for analyses of land-use and land-cover. This study attempts to classify land-use in unsupervised settings and create land-cover map by using open-source Landsat data integrated with GIS technologies and other ancillary resources. This work concentrates on Gazipur Sadar (an upazila or sub-district of the Gazipur District in central Bangladesh, part of the Dhaka Division) and Kaliakair, which are rapidly growing unplanned urban and industrial zones. The usage of python coding greatly assisted accomplishing the post-classification …

Statistical Analysis Of Groundwater Level Fluctuation Of The Urban And Peri-Urban Area Of Gazipur District, Bangladesh, Nowshin Ahsan Priyanka, Atika Rahman Akji, Anwar Zahid, Muhammad Qumrul Hassan, Jowaher Raza, Nazrul I. Khandaker

Publications and Research

Groundwater is the primary source for drinking, municipal, irrigation, and industrial water supply in Bangladesh. Due to unplanned urbanization and rapidly growing industries, the degradation situation has become perilous over time. Dhaka and its peri-urban regions are having drastic changes in groundwater (GW) levels. This work reviewed GW level fluctuation in the peri-urban area, which is now severely experiencing the detrimental impact of rapid urbanization and industrialization. Detail statistical investigation and Landsat image interpretation of the study area was conducted. Analysis and prediction of water level trends were conducted using variations of Mann Kendell tests. Gazipur Sadar (an upazila or …

Particulate Oxalate-To-Sulfate Ratio As An Aqueous Processing Marker: Similarity Across Field Campaigns And Limitations, Miguel Ricardo A. Hilario, Ewan Crosbie, Paola Angela Bañaga, Grace Betito, Rachel A. Braun, Maria Obiminda L. Cambaliza, Andrea F. Corral, Melliza Templonuevo Cruz, Jackie E. Dibb, Genevieve Rose Lorenzo, Alexander B. Macdonald, Claire E. Robinson, Michael Shook, James Bernard Simpas, Connor Stahl, Edward Winstead, Luke Ziemba, Armin Sorooshian

Physics Faculty Publications

Leveraging aerosol data from multiple airborne and surface-based field campaigns encompassing diverse environmental conditions, we calculate statistics of the oxalate-sulfate mass ratio (median: 0.0217; 95% confidence interval: 0.0154 – 0.0296; R = 0.76; N = 2948). Ground-based measurements of the oxalate-sulfate ratio fall within our 95% confidence interval, suggesting the range is robust within the mixed layer for the submicrometer particle size range. We demonstrate that dust and biomass burning emissions can separately bias this ratio towards higher values by at least one order of magnitude. In the absence of these confounding factors, the 95% confidence interval of the ratio …

Diffusional Fractionation Of Helium Isotopes In Silicate Melts, Haiyang Luo, Bijaya Karki, Dipta B. Ghosh, Huiming Bao

Faculty Publications

Estimating Helium (He) concentration and isotope composition of the mantle requires quantifying He loss during magma degassing. The knowledge of diffusional He isotope fractionation in silicate melts may be essential to constrain the He loss. Isotopic mass dependence of He diffusion can be empirically expressed as D3He/D4He = (4/3)^β, where D is the diffusivity of a He isotope. However, no studies have reported any β values for He in silicate melts due to technical challenges in both experiments and computations. Here, molecular dynamics simulations based on deep neural network potentials trained by ab initio data …

A Roadmap For Building Data Science Capacity For Health Discovery And Innovation In Africa, Joseph Beyene, Solomon W. Harrar, Mekibib Altaye, Tessema Astatkie, Tadesse Awoke, Ziv Shkedy, Tesfaye B. Mersha

Statistics Faculty Publications

Technological advances now make it possible to generate diverse, complex and varying sizes of data in a wide range of applications from business to engineering to medicine. In the health sciences, in particular, data are being produced at an unprecedented rate across the full spectrum of scientific inquiry spanning basic biology, clinical medicine, public health and health care systems. Leveraging these data can accelerate scientific advances, health discovery and innovations. However, data are just the raw material required to generate new knowledge, not knowledge on its own, as a pile of bricks would not be mistaken for a building. In …

A Quasi-27-Day Oscillation Activity From The Troposphere To The Mesosphere And Lower Thermosphere At Low Latitudes, Hao Cheng, Alan Z. Liu, Kaiming Huang, Shaodong Zhang, Chunming Huang, Yun Gong

Publications

Using meteor radar, radiosonde observations and MERRA-2 reanalysis data from 12 August to 31 October 2006, we report a dynamical coupling from the tropical lower atmosphere to the mesosphere and lower thermosphere through a quasi-27-day intraseasonal oscillation (ISO). It is interesting that the quasi-27-day ISO is observed in the troposphere, stratopause and mesopause regions, exhibiting a three-layer structure. In the MLT, the amplitude in the zonal wind increases from about 4 ms−1 at 90 km to 15 ms−1 at 100 km, which is diferent from previous observations that ISOs occurs generally in winter with an amplitude peak at about 80–90 …

Chitosan Graphene Composite Fabrication And Characterization For Treatment Of Harmful Algal Blooms And Toxins, Sarah Zetterholm

Master's Theses

Chitosan graphene composites were fabricated and characterized as a management strategy for harmful algal blooms (HABs) caused by various species of cyanobacteria. These chitosan graphene materials were compared to previously studied chitosan graphene-oxide composites in both material properties and HAB treatment. In previous studies, adsorption of the cyanobacteria onto the surface of the composite materials has been observed. Investigations of the pure materials for these composites are also included in this study to determine whether removal is a result of charge interactions with the composite, or as an inherent property of the graphene or graphene oxide. Initial results suggest that …

Chlorophyll Concentration (Spad Values) As An Indicator Of Crude Protein Content And As A Selection Criterion In Grass Breeding, N. Gáborèík

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The main aim of the study was to analyse chlorophyll a + b content (SPAD values) determined by portable chlorophyllmeter (SPAD- 502, Minolta, Japan) and crude protein content in leaves of timothy, coocksfoot, perennial ryegrass and meadow fescue (total 24 cultivars). Differences between both parameters were confirmed and a close relationship between chlorophyll content (SPAD values) and crude protein concentration was found. Correlation coefficient between SPAD and crude protein varied from 0.541⁺⁺ for ryegrass to 0.906⁺⁺ for timothy. This fact should be used for selection of grasses with higher crude protein content and/or better use of mineral soil …

Evaluation Of Red Clover Populations Selected For Persistence And Dry Matter Yield In Rio Grande Do Sul, Brasil, M. Dall’Agnol, D. P. Montardo, J. K. Gonçalves

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Red clover is one of the most important temperate legume species and it is used to alleviate the lack of forage in natural grasslands during the cool season in Rio Gra do Sul, Brasil. However, the lack of persistence presented by this species has not allowed its full utilization. Hence, a breeding program was started to select plants with more persistence and with good dry matter (DM) yield. This work was carried out at the “Estação Experimental Agronômica”, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Three selected red clover populations were evaluated in relation to the best available commercial check, …

Genetic Variation And Genotype By Environment Interaction Of Crown Rust Resistance In Annual Ryegrass (Lolium Multiflorum Lam.), J. De Battista, A. Andrés, S. Giammaría, M. Costa

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The genetic variation and genotype by environment interaction of crown rust resistance of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) was evaluated at two locations in Argentina, as part of the breeding programme in progress at our Institute. Forty half sib families originated from commercial tetraploid cultivars, were grown from seeds in a greenhouse during autumn 1999. At the stage of tillering initiation forty eight plants/familiy were randomly selected and transplanted as spaced plant trial in a randomized design with three replicates, at the two locations. All plants were scored for a range of morphological and phytopatological attributes. The severity of …

Differences Between Diploid And Induced Tetraploid Lotus Glaber Mill. (Lotus Tenuis Waldst. & Kit.) Plants, M. S. Barufaldi, H. N. Crosta, M. F. Eseiza, R. H. Rodríguez, E. Sánchez

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Narrowleaf birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus glaber Mill.) is an important forage legume which has spread widely and naturalized in the grasslands of the Depressed Pampas of the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. L. glaber is an alogamic diploid species with a low number of chromosomes (2n=2x= 12). These features show it as a species through which induced autopolyploids by colchicine-doubling of seedlings can be obtained. In this paper, we comparatively analyze fertility and size pollen grain, stomata length, central leaflet length and width and central leaflet ratio width/length in diploid plants and induced-autotetraploid plants of L. glaber. The results …

Comparison Of Design Approaches For Low-Cost Sampling Mechanisms In Open-Source Chemical Instrumentation, Greggory Murray, Samuel Bednarski, Michael Hall, Samuel W. Foster, Sijun Jin, Joshua J. Davis, Wei Xue, Eric Constans, James P. Grinias

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

Robotic positioning systems are used in a variety of chemical instruments, primarily for liquid handling purposes, such as autosamplers from vials or well plates. Here, two approaches to the design of open-source autosampler positioning systems for use with 96-well plates are described and compared. The first system, a 3-axis design similar to many low-cost 3D printers that are available on the market, is constructed using an aluminum frame and stepper motors. The other system relies upon a series of 3D printed parts to achieve movement with a series of linker arms based on Selective Compliance Assembly Robot Arm (SCARA) design …

Mgrre_Pureoilscouttickets_Mast, Frank_1_21127017910000, Mgrre

Legacy Scout Tickets from Pure Oil Company

No abstract provided.

Determining Diagnosis Date Of Diabetes Using Structured Electronic Health Record (Ehr) Data: The Search For Diabetes In Youth Study, Kristin M. Lenoir, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Jasmin Divers, Ramon Casanova, Dana Dabelea, Sharon Saydah, Catherine Pihoker, Angela D. Liese Ph.D., Debra Standiford, Richard Hamman, Brian J. Wells, The Search For Diabetes In Youth Study Group

Faculty Publications

Background Disease surveillance of diabetes among youth has relied mainly upon manual chart review. However, increasingly available structured electronic health record (EHR) data have been shown to yield accurate determinations of diabetes status and type. Validated algorithms to determine date of diabetes diagnosis are lacking. The objective of this work is to validate two EHR-based algorithms to determine date of diagnosis of diabetes. Methods A rule-based ICD-10 algorithm identified youth with diabetes from structured EHR data over the period of 2009 through 2017 within three children’s hospitals that participate in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study: Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, …

Determination Of The Stress-Strain State Of Rock Mass And Zone Of Inelastic Deformation Around Underground Mine Excavation Using Modern Methods Of Numerical Modelling, Sergey A. Ignatiev, Aleksandr E. Sudarikov, Askar Zh. Imashev

Journal of Sustainable Mining

The paper reviews methods and trends of numerical modelling of geomechanical processes around underground mine excavations. The most rational method of determining the additional stresses caused by the mine excavations is chosen. Mathematical modelling was performed for excavations of various cross sections and different strength of rocks. The dimensions of the inelastic deformation zone around the mine excavations have been identified. The area of the total fracture zone around the excavation, as well as the area of the roof fracture zone are calculated. The results of the fracture zone modelling are presented both as coordinates and in a graphical form. …

Photoperiod Response In Pensacola Bahiagrass, Ann R. Blount, T. R. Sinclair, R. N. Gates, Kenneth H. Quesenberry, P. Mislevy, R. C. Littell

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Photoperiod response has been found to influence the growth and development of >Pensacola' derived bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge var. saure Parodi). Four selection cycles [>Pensacola= (Cycle 0), Cycle 4, >Tifton 9' (Cycle 9) and Cycle 23] resulting from recurrent restricted phenotypic selection (RRPS) of spaced-plants, were field grown in 1999 and 2000, to study photoperiod sensitivity among genotypes. Two day-length treatments were imposed on the field grown plants. One treatment, used only natural light. The second treatment imposed an extended day-length treatment using Quartz-halogen lamps, installed in the field during the fall and winter, to extend day-length to15 …

Genetic Variability Within Two Adapted Populations Of Tall Wheatgrass (Thynopyrum Ponticum) In Argentina, A. Andrés, R. Guillen

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The genetic variability within two adapted populations of tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum) was evaluated in Argentina, as an introductory part of a breeding programme in progress at our Institute. The final aim of this programme is to provide new cultivars of tall wheatgrass, adapted to different management systems. Two hundred fifty plants per population were grown from seeds, clonally propagated and transplanted as a spaced-plant trial in a randomized design with three replicates. The results indicated large differences between genotypes within the two populations for most attributes measured, though there were no significant differences between populations. Attributes related …

Breeding For Resistance To Strike Leaf Blight (Scolecotrichum Graminis) Of Orchardgras In Argentina, A. Andrés, M. Ruiz Diaz, J. Anonne, B. S. Rosso

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A collection of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) was screened under field conditions for resistance to strike leaf blight (SLB) caused by the fungus Scolecotrichum graminis. On the whole, thirty five entries from different countries were studied by sampling ten genotypes from each origin, clonally propagated and transplanted as spaced-plant trial in a randomized design with two replicates. Plants were periodically assessed during 1996 and 1997 by estimating disease severity (percentage of leaf affected). During 1997, disease severity data were used to calculate the area under disease progress curves (AUDPC) as a complementary attribute to screen for resistance to …

Mgrre_Pureoilscouttickets_Morrison, Frank_1_21127017670000, Mgrre

Legacy Scout Tickets from Pure Oil Company

No abstract provided.

The Sandhill Crane State: A Naturalist’S Guide To Nebraska, Paul Johnsgard

Zea E-Books Collection

This book includes the locations, descriptions, and points of biological, historical, geological, or paleontological interest of nearly 350 sites in Nebraska, most of which are free to access. Its 53,000 words include accounts of 9 state historical parks, 8 state parks, 2 national forests, 2 national monuments, and 7 national wildlife refuges as well as 181 wildlife management areas, 56 waterfowl production areas, and 54 state recreation areas. It also includes 48 state and county maps, 18 drawings, 33 photographs, and nearly 200 literature citations.

doi: 10.32873/unl.dc.zea.1305

Embedded Charge Distributions In Electron Irradiated Polymers – Pulsed Electroacoustic Method Reproducibility And Calibration, Zachary Gibson, Jr Dennison, Ryan Hoffmann

Physics Student Research

The pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) method has been used to measure the embedded charge distributions in electron irradiated polymers. The PEA method allows for non-destructive direct measurements of embedded charge distributions in dielectric materials. Samples of polyether-etherketone (PEEK) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) of 125 μm or 250 μm thickness were tested after irradiation with either a 50 keV or 80 keV electron beam. The reproducibility of the PEA method and the experimental conditions were studied by: (i) measuring each sample multiple times in a given mounting configuration, (ii) re-measuring each sample after repositioning them in the PEA test fixture, and (iii) measuring …

Inverse Properties Of A Class Of Seven-Diagonal (Near) Toeplitz Matrices, Bakytzhan Kurmanbek, Yogi Erlangga, Yerlan Amanbek

All Works

This paper presents the explicit inverse of a class of seven-diagonal (near) Toeplitz matrices, which arises in the numerical solutions of nonlinear fourth-order differential equation with a finite difference method. A non-recurrence explicit inverse formula is derived using the Sherman-Morrison formula. Related to the fixed-point iteration used to solve the differential equation, we show the positivity of the inverse matrix and construct an upper bound for the norms of the inverse matrix, which can be used to predict the convergence of the method.

The N-Dimensional Quadratic Heisenberg Algebra As A “Non–Commutative” Sl(2,C), Luigi Accardi, Andreas Boukas, Yun-Gang Lu

Journal of Stochastic Analysis

No abstract provided.

High Polymorphism For Forage Production Of Lotus Corniculatus Sn Transformants, Sergio Arcioni, F. Paolocci, V. Turchetti, F. Damiani

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Transgenic plants obtained from transformation of one individual of Lotus corniculatus with the maize gene Sn, a transactivator of anthocyanin pathway, were analysed for the expression of the transgene and for the accumulation of condensed tannins. A great variability was observed for these two traits. Some extreme individuals were clonally propagated and analysed for rooting ability and plant growth. Unexpectedly, a strong correlation between condensed tannin level, rooting ability and plant growth was observed. These results are discussed in order to explore new strategies to increase plant productivity in forage legumes.

Gastrointestinal Nematode Infections In Grazing Domestic Ruminants, M. Eysker

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

World wide gastrointestinal nematode infections impair production of ruminants. Particularly in small ruminants control of these infections is seriously hampered by the development of resistance of the parasites against anthelmintic drugs. This implies that alternative control measures have to be implemented in order to maintain a sustainable ruminant industry. In this paper the various possibilities to achieve this are briefly discussed. The possibilities discussed include grazing management, vaccination, selective breeding, biological control, nutrition and the use of bioactive forages such as for instance plants containing condensed tannins. At the end it is concluded that combinations of these options should preferably …

Plant Secondary Compounds; Their Impact On Forage Nutritive Value And Upon Animal Production, T. N. Barry, D. M. Mcneill, W. C. Mcnabb

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Both the anti-nutritional and beneficial effects of secondary compounds in a range of temperate and tropical forages have been reviewed. Major secondary compounds in temperate and tropical forage plants occur in the phenolic fraction and include condensed and hydrolysable tannins, phenolic monomers and lignin. Condensed tannins (CT) bind to plant protein by pH-reversible hydrogen bonding. In temperate legume forages this reduces rumen protein degradation and can increase the absorption of essential amino acids (EAA) from the small intestine, with reactivity depending on CT concentration, molecular weight and chemical structure. Low concentrations of CT in Lotus corniculatus (20-40g/kg DM) increased EAA …

A Strategy For Detecting Natural Anthelmintic Constituents Of The Grassland Species Plantago Lanceolata, D. L. Gustine, M. A. Sanderson, J. Getzie, S. Donner, R. Gueldner, N. Jennings

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A strategy to detect anthelmintic constituents in plantain (Plantago lanceolata) using a bioassay-driven purification approach was tested. Plantain consumed by cattle may control or reduce internal parasite titers, possibly due to the iridoid glucoside aucubin. Lyophilized, ground leaves of wild P. lanceolata were extracted with 95 % ethanol or boiling water containing calcium carbonate. Partially purified extracts (0 to 250 mg ml^-1), 5 μg ml^-1 of the anthelmintic levamisole, or 5 mg ml^-1 of aucubin were tested with sheathed bovine parasites (Ostertagia ostertagi). The percent moving worms was unchanged for water controls …

The Fierce Green Fire: Vol. 12 Issue 3, Wofford College. Department Of Environmental Studies

The Fierce Green Fire

No abstract provided.

New Approach For Assigning Mean Oxidation Number Of Carbons To Organonitrogen And Organosulfur Compounds, Pong Kau Yuen, Cheng Man Diana Lau

Faculty Publications

Organonitrogen and organosulfur compounds are abundant in the natural environment. To understand the biological redox pathways properly, it is important for learners to be able to count the oxidation number of organic carbons. However, the process of counting is not always easy. In addition, organonitrogen and organosulfur molecules are seldom studied. To compensate these problems, this paper explores the bonddividing method, which can effectively determine the mean oxidation number of carbons of organonitrogen and organosulfur molecules. This method uses the cleavage of carbon-sulfur and carbon-nitrogen bonds to obtain the organic and inorganic fragments. The mean oxidation numbers of carbon atoms, …