Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Stolon Attributes Related To Persistence Of White Clover In Buenos Aires, Argentina, E. M. Pagano, Jorge O. Scheneiter

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A trial was carried out at Pergamino Agricultural Experimental Station (33º 56’ S, 60º 33’ W), Argentina, to study the stolon morphology of white clover cultivars with different leaf size, inflorescence production through reproductive cycle, and vegetative persistence. Treatments were four white clover cultivars: Espanso (Italy), Experimental L.49 (Argentina), Jacui S2 (Brazil) and Nora (Sweden). A completely randomized block design was used (n=6). Throughout two years, measurements of stolon length and dry and organic matter were performed every 60 days. The inflorescence number was also recorded. Results showed significant differences among cultivars in all the studied characters and almost in …

Detecting Perturbations In Seawater Carbonate Chemistry With The Δ44/40ca-Δ88/86sr Multi-Proxy, Jiuyuan Wang

Sustainability Seminar Series

Ocean acidification is one predictable consequence of rising atmospheric CO2. Understanding how the seawater carbonate chemistry changed during historical climate changes will help us better predict the ocean’s response to the present one. In this talk, I will introduce a novel means for tracking changes of seawater carbonate chemistry: the δ44/40Ca-δ88/86Sr multi-proxy. I will exploit emergent properties of δ44/40Ca and δ88/86Sr systems from two extreme climatic events: the Cretaceous Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a (OAE1a, ~120 Ma) and the Neoproterozoic Marinoan deglaciation (~635Ma).

System Design And Optimization For Efficient Flash-Based Caching In Data Centers, Jian Liu

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Modern data centers are the backbone of today’s Internet-based services and applications. With the explosive growth of the Internet data and a wider range of data-intensive applications being deployed, it is increasingly challenging for data centers to satisfy the ever-increasing demand for high-quality data services. To relieve the heavy burden on data center systems and accelerate data processing, a popular cost-efficient solution is to deploy high-speed, large-capacity flash-based cache systems. However, we are facing multiple critical challenges from device hardware, systems, to application workloads. In this dissertation, we focus on designing highly efficient caching solutions to cope with the explosive …

Developing A Watershed-Based Plan Evaluation Framework For Socio-Ecological Network Analysis In The Upper Pontchartrain Basin, Lindsey R. Lamana

LSU Master's Theses

Louisiana's efforts to create regional watershed planning under the Louisiana Watershed Initiative (LWI) suggest the need to evaluate existing governance systems such as the coordination, development, and implementation of plans. The Network Analysis and Plan Evaluation (NAPE) Framework developed in this study answers initial questions related to the LWI’s long-term resilience outcomes from the content analysis and extraction of relational data in plans of LWI Region 7 located in the Upper Pontchartrain Basin. Actor-Plan Coordination Networks reveal the coordination and collaboration of entities, and a Network of Plans presents the integration of planning documents in the Region. Local government organizations …

Observation Of Root Rot And Internal Breakdown Of Redclover (Trifolium Pratense L.) In The 3rd Year, H. Nakashima, H. Morishita, T. Hirata, K. Yoshida

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Two red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) cultivars; Hokuseki and Merviot were surveyed growth habits and deterioration at the crown and taproot in the 3rd year. Each cutting plants were marked and measured the plant height and dry matter weight. After 3rd cutting of the 3rd year, plants were digged out and scored the degree of root rot and internal break down (no symptom: 0-severe damaged: 5). The severe damaged plants at the 3rd cutting tend to have larger plant size at the 1st cutting. And other root development traits during growth were observed.

Amphicarpy In The Tropical Legume Centrosema Rotundifolium: A Research Project In Eastern Venezuela, S. Müller, R. Schultze-Kraft, I. Rodríguez

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Amphicarpy is a particular reproduction mechanism by which a plant can produce both above-ground and below-ground seeds and thus has the potential to contribute to an enhanced persistence of a plant population. It can be found in a range of tropical legumes, e.g. in several Centrosema species. The balance between above- and below-ground seed production is evidently influenced by environment and management factors but these influences are not well known. In the case of perennial tropical legumes, in addition to seed production shifts the allocation of resources affects also the production of tuberous roots as storage organs. A research project …

Rooted Plantlet Production In A Vegetatively Reproductive Red Clover (Trifolium Pratense L.) Cv. Astred, M. G. Hyslop, Peter D. Kemp, J. Hodgson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Vegetatively reproductive cultivars of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) can produce clonal daughter plantlets under certain management and environmental conditions, which may improve sward persistency. Six trials involving spaced plants, pure swards or grazed mixed swards were conducted near Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, from 1995 to 1998. Rooted plantlets counted in autumn of each year ranged from 5.8±1.6 to 43±5.1 rooted plantlets/parent plant for ungrazed spaced plants, and 0 to 1.8 rooted plantlets/parent plant for pure and mixed swards under grazing management. It is concluded that clonal, rooted plantlet production is highly variable in Astred depending on …

Effectiveness And Safety Of Tranexamic Acid Use In Acute Traumatic Injury In The Prehospital And In-Hospital Settings: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Scott Rowe, Amy Liu, Israel Zagales, Muhammad Awan, Radleigh Santos, Mark Mckenney, Adel Elkbuli

Mathematics Faculty Articles

Background and Objectives:

This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aims to assess efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid (TXA) use in acute traumatic injuries.

Methods:

PubMed and Cochrane libraries were searched for relevant RCTs published between January 2011 and January 3, 2021. Cohen’s Q Test for heterogeneous effects was used to determine the appropriateness of fixed versus random effects models.

Results:

Twenty-two studies met inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of relative risk of mortality between treatment and placebo groups in the in-hospital, and perioperative settings was not significant. However, the risk of mortality is significantly lower in the …

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Don't Bite The Bait: Phishing Attack For Internet Banking (E-Banking), Ilker Kara

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

Phishing attacks are based on obtaining desired information from users quickly and easily with the help of misdirecting, panicking, curiosity, or excitement. Most of the phishing web sites are designed on internet banking(e-banking) and the attackers can acquire financial information of misled users with the tactics and discourses they develop. Despite the increase of prevention techniques against phishing attacks day by day, an effective solution could not be found for this issue due to the human factor. Because of this reason, real phishing attack studies are essential to study and analyze the attackers’ attack techniques and strategies. This study focused …

Cu-Catalyzed Phenol O-Methylation With Methylboronic Acid, Mairead E. Bartlett, Yingchuan Zhu, Uma Bhagwat Gaffney, Joyce Lee, Miranda Wu, Betemariam Sharew, Angela K. Chavez, David J. Gorin

Chemistry: Faculty Publications

A Cu-catalyzed oxidative cross-coupling of phenols with methylboronic acid to form aryl methyl ethers has been developed, expanding the scope of Chan-Evans-Lam alkylation. Electron-deficient phenol derivatives with a broad array of functional groups are methylated in high yields. Increased reaction temperature and catalyst loading enables the methylation of substrates incorporating pyridine and dihydroquinolone motifs. Electron-rich phenol derivatives are poor substrates for the methylation; the characterization of C−H homodimerization products formed from these substrates illuminates a competing mechanistic pathway.

Zeros Of Harmonic Polynomials And Related Applications, Azizah Alrajhi

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, we study topics related to harmonic functions, where we are interested in the maximum number of solutions of a harmonic polynomial equation and how it is related to gravitational lensing. In Chapter 2, we study the conditions that we should have on the real or complex coefficients of a polynomial p to get the maximum number of distinct solutions for the equation p(z) − z¯ 2 = 0, where deg p = 2. In Chapter 3, we discuss the lens equation when the lens is an ellipse, a limac¸on, or a Neumann Oval. Also, we give a …

Differential Privacy For Regression Modeling In Health: An Evaluation Of Algorithms, Joseph Ficek

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Background: There is a need for rigorous and standardized methods of privacy protection for shared data in the health sciences. Differential privacy is one such method that has gained much popularity due to its versatility and robustness. This study evaluates differential privacy for explanatory regression modeling in the context of health research.

Methods: Surveyed and newly proposed algorithms were evaluated with respect to the accuracy (bias and RMSE) of coefficient estimates, the empirical coverage probability of confidence intervals, and the power and type I error rates of hypothesis tests. Evaluations took place in both simulated and real data from a …

Carbon And Other Low-Z Materials Under Extreme Conditions, Jonathan T. Willman

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This work is focused on understanding material's behavior and response to extreme conditions. Under extreme conditions, which is categorized as regions of high pressures and temperatures in (P-T) space, materials can undergo multiple types of phase transitions as well as exhibit substantial damage as well as other exotic behaviors. By studying matter at these extreme conditions, we can elucidate a broad range of fundamental physics including a material's energetic, mechanical, and electronic responses. This thesis describes work that makes contributions to the growing body of knowledge within these subsets of condensed matter physics. In the first thrust, crystal structure prediction …

Matrix Multiplier: Cramer’S Method Calculation, Haruka Kido

Electrical Engineering Student Publications

This paper is a technical report of the C++ and LabVIEW algorithms for and the underlying mathematics of The Cramer’s Method. The systemic process of the Cramer’s Method enhances the efficiency of solving matrix multiplication problems involving systems of linear equations with sets of 3 or more added or subtracted unknown variables associated with numerical coefficients. The coefficients of the system of equations generate the numbers in the matrix to be used in the replicable and formulaic computation process.

Optimal Quantization For Mixed Distributions, Mrinal Kanti Roychowdhury

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

The basic goal of quantization for probability distribution is to reduce the number of values, which is typically uncountable, describing a probability distribution to some finite set and thus approximation of a continuous probability distribution by a discrete distribution. Mixed distributions are an exciting new area for optimal quantization. In this paper, we have determined the optimal sets of n -means, the n th quantization errors, and the quantization dimensions of different mixed distributions. Besides, we have discussed whether the quantization coefficients for the mixed distributions exist. The results in this paper will give a motivation and insight into more …

Experimental Verification Of Principal Losses In A Regulatory Particulate Matter Emissions Sampling System For Aircraft Turbine Engines, D. B. Kittelson, J. Swanson, M. Aldridge, R. A. Giannelli, J. S. Kinsey, J. A. Stevens, D. S. Liscinsky, Donald E. Hagen, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

A sampling system for measuring emissions of nonvolatile particulate matter (nvPM) from aircraft gas turbine engines has been developed to replace the use of smoke number and is used for international regulatory purposes. This sampling system can be up to 35 m in length. The sampling system length in addition to the volatile particle remover (VPR) and other sampling system components lead to substantial particle losses, which are a function of the particle size distribution, ranging from 50 to 90% for particle number concentrations and 10-50% for particle mass concentrations. The particle size distribution is dependent on engine technology, operating …

Misconfiguration In Firewalls And Network Access Controls: Literature Review, Michael Alicea, Izzat Alsmadi

Computer Information Systems Faculty Publications (Archived)

Firewalls and network access controls play important roles in security control and protection. Those firewalls may create an incorrect sense or state of protection if they are improperly configured. One of the major configuration problems in firewalls is related to misconfiguration in the access control roles added to the firewall that will control network traffic. In this paper, we evaluated recent research trends and open challenges related to firewalls and access controls in general and misconfiguration problems in particular. With the recent advances in next-generation (NG) firewalls, firewall roles can be auto-generated based on networks and threats. Nonetheless, and due …

Gravitational Wave Sensors Based On Superconducting Transducers, Armen Gulian, Joe Foreman, Vahan Nikoghosyan, Louis Sica, Pablo Abramian-Barco, Jeff Tollaksen, Gurgen Melkonyan, Iris Mowgood, Chris Burdette, Rajendra Dulal, Serafim Teknowijoyo, Sara Chahid, Shmuel Nussinov

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Following the initial success of LIGO, new advances in gravitational wave (GW) detector systems are planned to reach fruition during the next decades. These systems are interferometric and large. Here we suggest different, more compact detectors of GW radiation with competitive sensitivity. These nonresonant detectors are not interferometric. They use superconducting Cooper pairs in a magnetic field to transform mechanical motion induced by GW into detectable magnetic flux. The detectors can be oriented relative to the source of GW, so as to maximize the signal output and help determine the direction of nontransient sources. In this design an incident GW …

Managing Water Stored For The Environment During Drought, Sarah Null, Jeffrey Mount, Brian Gray, Michael Dettinger, Kristen Dybala, Gokce Sencan, Anna Sturrock, Barton Thompson, Harrison Zeff

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Storing water in reservoirs is important for maintaining freshwater ecosystem health and protecting native species. Stored water also is essential for adapting to the changing climate, especially warming and drought intensification. Yet, reservoir operators often treat environmental objectives as a constraint, rather than as a priority akin to water deliveries for cities and farms. Reservoir management becomes especially challenging during severe droughts when surface water supplies are scarce, and urban and agricultural demands conflict with water supplies needed to maintain healthy waterways and wetlands. In times of drought, most freshwater ecosystems suffer.

This blog post examines 2021 water year actions …

The Temperature-Dependent Conformational Ensemble Of Sars-Cov-2 Main Protease (Mpro), Ali Ebrahim, Blake T. Riley, Desigan Kumaran, Babak Andi, Martin R. Fuchs, Sean Mcsweeney, Daniel A. Keedy

Publications and Research

The COVID-19 pandemic, instigated by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, continues to plague the globe. The SARS-CoV-2 main protease, or M^pro, is a promising target for development of novel antiviral therapeutics. Previous X-ray crystal structures of M^pro were obtained at cryogenic temperature or room temperature only. Here we report a series of high-resolution crystal structures of unliganded M^pro across multiple temperatures from cryogenic to physiological, and another at high humidity. We interrogate these datasets with parsimonious multiconformer models, multi-copy ensemble models, and isomorphous difference density maps. Our analysis reveals a temperature-dependent conformational landscape for M^pro, including …

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Towards A Framework For Comparing Functionalities Of Multimorbidity Clinical Decision Support: A Literature-Based Feature Set And Benchmark Cases., Dympna O'Sullivan, William Van Woensel, Szymon Wilk, Samson Tu, Wojtek Michalowski, Samina Abidi, Marc Carrier, Ruth Edry, Irit Hochberg, Stephen Kingwell, Alexandra Kogan, Martin Michalowski, Hugh O'Sullivan, Mor Peleg

Articles

Multimorbidity, the coexistence of two or more health conditions, has become more prevalent as mortality rates in many countries have declined and their populations have aged. Multimorbidity presents significant difficulties for Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS), particularly in cases where recommendations from relevant clinical guidelines offer conflicting advice. A number of research groups are developing computer-interpretable guideline (CIG) modeling formalisms that integrate recommendations from multiple Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) for knowledge-based multimorbidity decision support. In this paper we describe work towards the development of a framework for comparing the different approaches to multimorbidity CIG-based clinical decision support (MGCDS). We present …

Interface-Induced Lattice Structure And Magnetism In Ultrathin Transition Metal Oxide Trilayers, David Howe

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The study of magnetism has been a rich playground in condensed matter physics due to the multiple mechanisms capable of producing the effect and its relationship to multiple characteristics of a material. Transition metal oxides (TMOs) have been of particular interest for ongoing research into magnetic phenomenon due to the abundance of interesting physical phenomena found in member systems such as colossal magnetoresistance, skyrmion formation, and interface-driven 2D electron gases. Thin films introduce an additional thickness-dependent element, where reduction below a critical thickness eliminates the magnetic coherence of a system and FM order is lost. The atomic structure of these …

Optically Active Selenium Vacancies In Baga4Se7 Crystals, Brian C. Holloway, Timothy D. Gustafson, Christopher A. Lenyk, Nancy C. Giles, Kevin T. Zawilski, Peter G. Schunemann, Kent L. Averett, Larry E. Halliburton

Faculty Publications

Barium gallium selenide (BaGa₄Se₇) is a recently developed nonlinear optical material with a transmission window extending from 470 nm to 17 μm. A primary application of these crystals is the production of tunable mid-infrared laser beams via optical parametric oscillation. Unintentional point defects, such as selenium vacancies, cation vacancies (barium and/or gallium), and trace amounts of transition-metal ions, are present in BaGa₄Se₇ crystals and may adversely affect device performance. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and optical absorption are used to identify and characterize these defects. Five distinct EPR spectra, each representing an electron …

Selecting Crimson Clover For Hard Seed And Late Maturity, G. W. Evers, G. R. Smith

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Available crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) cultivars in the USA flower approximately 2 weeks before annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) which makes it difficult to manage a mixture of the two for reseeding. The objective of this study is the development of a crimson clover cultivar that flowers at approximately the same time as annual ryegrass and has a high level of hard seed to enhance reseeding. Selections for late maturity were made out of >Chief= crimson clover. After two cycles of selection for later maturity and one cycle for hard seed, nineteen half-sib lines were identified that …

A Novel Technique To Produce Polygenic Resistance To Anthracnose In Stylosanthes Capitata, Bela Grof, Celso D. Fernandes, A. T. F. Fernandes

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

An improved cultivar, based on 17 genotypes of S. capitata and six of S.macrocephala, was developed at the Embrapa Beef Cattle Research Center, Campo Grande, Brazil. The aim was to create durable, race non-specific resistance to anthracnose controlled by polygenic factors. A mass hybridisation technique was employed to produce a high degree of genetic diversity and sizeable quantities of seed of hybrid-derived progenies of Brazilian and Venezuelan genotypes of S. capitata. Outcrossing resulted in a significant improvement in the forage production of progeny of Venezuelan accessions. The multicross was evaluated in multilocational trials, each representing a large tract …

Genetic Resources For Tropical Areas: Achievements And Perspectives, Cacilda B. Do Valle

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

This paper analyses the present status of tropical forage resources and their utilization in the development of novel cultivars based on the accumulated information from past decades of collecting, evaluation and whatever little breeding has been pursued. The situation of world collections of tropical forages is presented and discussed in the light of limited investment and dwindling resources. A cause for concern is the lesser priority assigned to conservation and manipulation of official tropical germplasm banks, such as CSIRO’S and CIAT’s. In order to assure the availability of tropical genetic resources for the future it is imperative that international efforts …

Genetic Resources For Temperate Areas - Achievements And Perspectives, Mónica Rebuffo, T. Abadie

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The processes of natural evolution and domestication of temperate forage genetic resources resulted in a build-up of genetic diversity, being remarkable in natural populations of grasses and legumes from Central Europe and the Mediterranean basin. Worldwide utilization of few species caused further increment in intraspecific genetic differentiation, meanwhile landraces became adapted to local agricultural production systems. Highlights are given to the risk of genetic erosion of indigenous grasslands as a consequence of the ecosystem modifications imposed by agriculture, as well as the drastic reduction of intraspecific genetic diversity caused by the process of plant breeding and environmental leveling in modern …

Response Of Contrasting Cocksfoot Varieties To Summer Moisture Availability In A Mediterranean Environment, E. Piano, M. Romani, A. M. Carroni, L. Pecetti

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The responsiveness to water availability in summer and the effect of summer drought were assessed in a Mediterranean environment on both temperate and Mediterranean cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) materials. Three consecutive evaluation phases were contemplated: i) under rainfed conditions from autumn to spring; ii) under contrasting moisture conditions in the following summer; and iii) under rainfed conditions in the subsequent autumn-spring season to assess the effect of the previous summer treatments. The ability to become summer dormant under conducive conditions, such as in Mediterranean germplasm, proved a plant pre-requisite for survival under drought. All the “summer-active”, temperate varieties did …