Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Variability In Herbage Mass And Chemical Composition Within A Timothy Sward, O. Niemeläinen, E. Miettinen, P. Virkajärvi, L. Alakukku, K. Hakala

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Variability in herbage mass (HM) and chemical composition of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) sward was studied in a three-hectare field. The field, which was flat, was divided into twelve sections and a sampling site was randomly selected in each. The study was carried out in Sotkamo (64^o 01’N, 28^o22’E) research station in Finland. Snow depth and frost conditions were measured in winter and soil water content was monitored in the growing season at each sampling site. Observations on the crop included assessment of herbage ground cover and winter damage percentage, stand height and HM and analysis …

Effects Of Temperature, Nitrogen Fertilisation And Leaf And Tiller Age On Specific Leaf Area Of Brachiaria Decumbens, J. Busqué, M. Herrero

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens Stapf) micro-swards were grown under controlled environmental conditions at different temperatures and nitrogen fertilisation rates. Specific leaf area was responsive both to temperature and nitrogen, but did not change with the level of insertion of the leaf in the tiller. Senescing leaves had higher specific leaf area than old extended green leaves and these had higher values than new extended green leaves. Changes in specific leaf area were more related to changes in leaf area and more exactly to changes in leaf width.

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Legacy Scout Tickets from Pure Oil Company

No abstract provided.

Air-Spun Silk-Based Micro-/Nanofibers And Thin Films For Drug Delivery, Christopher R Gough, Xiao Hu

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

Micro-/nanofibers have shown high promise as drug delivery vehicles due to their high porosity and surface-area-to-volume ratio. The current study utilizes air-spraying, a novel fiber fabrication technique, to create silk micro-/nanofibers without the need for a high voltage power source. Air-spraying was used to create silk fibrous mats embedded with several model drugs with high efficiency. In order to compare the effect of biomaterial geometry on the release of the model drugs, silk films were also created and characterized. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and a drug release study were …

Further Remedial Elements Scope Of Work Remedial Design/Remedial Action, Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit Cultural Resource Inventory, Evaluation, And Recommendations, Mitzi Rossillon

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Npl Site Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit, Pioneer Technical Services, Inc.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Comprehensive Characterization Of Covid-19 Patients With Repeatedly Positive Sars-Cov-2 Tests Using A Large Us Electronic Health Record Database, Xiao Dong, Yujia Zhou, Xiao-Ou Shu, Elmer V Bernstam, Rebecca Stern, David M Aronoff, Hua Xu, Loren Lipworth

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In the absence of genome sequencing, two positive molecular tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) separated by negative tests, prolonged time, and symptom resolution remain the best surrogate measure of possible reinfection. Using a large electronic health record database, we characterized clinical and testing data for 23 patients with repeatedly positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results ≥60 days apart, separated by ≥2 consecutive negative test results. The prevalence of chronic medical conditions, symptoms, and severe outcomes related to coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) illness were ascertained. The median age of patients was 64.5 years, 40% were Black, and 39% …

Radioactive Waste Management In St. Louis, Amanda Lopez

Undergraduate Research Symposium

In St. Louis, MO, we face a nuclear waste dilemma due to the poorly disposed uranium ore materials in the West Lake and Bridgeton landfill areas. The ethical dilemma can be seen as nuclear waste's intergenerational implications and the search for sustainable development options. This research evaluates the most environmentally responsible radioactive waste management strategies and attempts to find an equitable solution to the St. Louis radioactive waste dilemma.

The Use Of Cover Crops After A Maize Crop In The North Of Spain, D. Báez, M. Pinto, M. Rodríguez, G. Besga, J. M. Estavillo

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

This work intends to study N leaching losses in a field assay when crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum) and italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) was incorporated into the soil and quantify the their effect on N₂O, N total gaseous losses under controlled soil moisture and temperature conditions. Field assay: A split-plot design where main plot was the cover crop and the subplot was the rate of fertilizer (0 and 150 kg N ha^-1) applied to the subsequent maize crop. Laboratory assay: Residues of italian ryegrass and crimson clover were mixed with soil in containers, …

Multi-Year Application Of Dairy Slurry On Grassland: Effects On Crop, Soil Biota, Soil Nutrients, And N2O Emission, Shabtai Bittman, C. G. Kowalenko, D. E. Hunt, N. Patni, J. Paul, D. Raworth, J. Hountin, T. A. Forge, C. M. Monreal, O. Schmidt

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The long-term effects of using manure as the principal nutrient source in intensive crop production systems are not well known. This paper reports on the effects of multi-year application of fertilizer or dairy slurry on a tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) sward. Slurry sustained greater grass yield than chemical fertilizer. Unlike fertilizer, slurry supplied 70 to 120 kg N/ha one year after application but little after one year; 4-years of manure applications built up the stable organic matter pool in the soil. Manure-N was less prone to leaching but more prone to N₂O emissions than fertilizer-N. Manured …

Sewage Sludge As An Alternative Fertilizer For Tropical Pasture Grasses, M. B. Adjei, J. E. Rechcigl

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

This study was conducted to determine the effects of source (Liquid sludge at pH 7 (LS7) or pH 11 (LS11), cake biosolid (CB) or ammonium nitrate (AM)) by rate (0, 80 or 160 kg ha^-1) of N application on bahiagrass forage yield, quality and tissue composition. Same plots were fertilized in March 1998 and 1999. Forage yield was measured at 30 d intervals from May through November and subsamples were dried and ground for quality analyses. The 2-year mean forage yield was similar for AM, LS7 and LS 11 fertilizer applications. Forage yield from CB application was 30% …

Critical Behavior In Evolutionary And Population Dynamics, Stephen Ordway

Dissertations

This study is an exploration of phase transition behavior in evolutionary and population dynamics, and techniques for predicting population changes, across the disciplines of physics, biology, and computer science. Under the looming threat of climate change, it is imperative to understand the dynamics of populations under environmental stress and to identify early warning signals of population decline. These issues are explored here in (1) a computational model of evolutionary dynamics, (2) an experimental system of decaying populations under environmental stress, and (3) a machine learning approach to predict population changes based on environmental factors. Through the lens of critical phase …

Pressure-Induced Polymorphic Transformations Of Ethylenediamine Bisborane, Rongfeng Guan, Pan Wang, Yang Song, Viktor N. Staroverov

Chemistry Publications

Pressure-induced phase transitions of crystalline ethylenediamine bisborane (EDAB), a prospective hydrogen storage material, are investigated using vibrational spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, evolutionary crystal structure prediction, and density functional theory. The results indicate that EDAB undergoes two transitions in the 0–17 GPa pressure range: the first one is near 1 GPa, from the orthorhombic ambient-pressure Pbca structure (phase I) to a monoclinic structure of P21/c symmetry (phase II); the second is near 7 GPa, from phase II to another P21/c structure (phase III). The latter coexists with phase II and remains the most stable form of EDAB up …

Evaluation Of Regional Climate Models (Rcms) Using Precipitation And Temperature-Based Climatic Indices: A Case Study Of Florida, Usa, Yared Bayissa, Assefa Melesse, Mahadev Bhat, Tsegaye Tadesse, Andualem Shiferaw

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

The overarching objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of nine precipitation-based and twelve temperature-based climatic indices derived from four regional climate models (CRCM5-UQUAM, CanRCM4, RCA4 and HIRHAM5) driven by three global circulation models (CanESM2, EC-EARTH and MPI-ESM-LR) and their ensemble mean for the reference period of 31 years (1975–2005). The absolute biases, pattern correlation, the reduction of variance (RV) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI at 3-, 6- and 12-month aggregate periods) techniques were used to evaluate the climate model simulations. The result, in general, shows each climate model has a skill in reproducing at least …

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Legacy Scout Tickets from Pure Oil Company

No abstract provided.

An Examination Of Factors Influencing Small Proton Chemical Shift Differences In Nitrogen-Substituted Monodeuterated Methyl Groups, Stuart J. Elliott, O. Maduka Ogba, Lynda J. Brown, Daniel J. O'Leary

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Monodeuterated methyl groups have previously been demonstrated to provide access to long-lived nuclear spin states. This is possible when the CH₂ D rotamers have sufficiently different populations and the local environment is chiral, which foments a non-negligible isotropic chemical shift difference between the two CH₂ D protons. In this article, the focus is on the N-CH₂ D group of N-CH₂ D-2-methylpiperidine and other suitable CH₂ D piperidine derivatives. We used a combined experimental and computational approach to investigate how rotameric symmetry breaking leads to a ¹H CH₂ D chemical shift …

Multi-Feature Data Repository Development And Analytics For Image Cosegmentation In High-Throughput Plant Phenotyping, Rubi Quiñones, Francisco Munoz-Arriola, Sruti Das Choudhury, Ashok Samal

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

Cosegmentation is a newly emerging computer vision technique used to segment an object from the background by processing multiple images at the same time. Traditional plant phenotyping analysis uses thresholding segmentation methods which result in high segmentation accuracy. Although there are proposed machine learning and deep learning algorithms for plant segmentation, predictions rely on the specific features being present in the training set. The need for a multi-featured dataset and analytics for cosegmentation becomes critical to better understand and predict plants’ responses to the environment. High-throughput phenotyping produces an abundance of data that can be leveraged to improve segmentation accuracy …

High-Frequency And Below Bandgap Anisotropic Dielectric Constants In Α-(AlXGa1-X)2O3 (0≤X≤1), Matthew Hilfiker, Ufuk Kilic, Megan Stokey, Riena Jinno, Yongjin Cho, Huili Grace Xing, Debdeep Jena, Rafal Korlacki, Mathias Schubert

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

A Mueller matrix spectroscopic ellipsometry approach was used to investigate the anisotropic dielectric constants of corundum α-(Al_xGa_1-x)₂O₃ thin films in their below bandgap spectral regions. The sample set was epitaxially grown using plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy on m-plane sapphire. The spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements were performed at multiple azimuthal angles to resolve the uniaxial dielectric properties. A Cauchy dispersion model was applied, and high-frequency dielectric constants are determined for polarization perpendicular (ε_∞,⟂) and parallel (ε_∞,∥) to the thin film c-axis. The optical birefringence is negative throughout the …

The Development Of Teaching Case Studies To Explore Ethical Issues Associated With Computer Programming, Michael Collins, Damian Gordon, Dympna O'Sullivan

Conference papers

In the past decade software products have become pervasive in many aspects of people’s lives around the world. Unfortunately, the quality of the experience an individual has interacting with that software is dependent on the quality of the software itself, and it is becoming more and more evident that many large software products contain a range of issues and errors, and these issues are not known to the developers of these systems, and they are unaware of the deleterious impacts of those issues on the individuals who use these systems. The authors of this paper are developing a new digital …

Direct H-He Chemical Association In Superionic Feo2H2He At Deep-Earth Conditions, Jurong Zhang, Hanyu Liu, Yanming Ma, Changfeng Chen

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Research

Hydrogen and helium are known to play crucial roles in geological and astrophysical environments; however, they are inert toward each other across wide pressure-temperature (P-T) conditions. Given their prominent presence and influence on the formation and evolution of celestial bodies, it is of fundamental interest to explore the nature of interactions between hydrogen and helium. Using an advanced crystal structure search method, we have identified a quaternary compound FeO₂H₂He stabilized in a wide range of P-T conditions. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations further reveal a novel superionic state of FeO₂H₂He hosting liquid-like …

Particle Representation For The Solution Of The Filtering Problem. Application To The Error Expansion Of Filtering Discretizations, Dan Crisan, Thomas G. Kurtz, Salvador Ortiz-Latorre

Journal of Stochastic Analysis

No abstract provided.

An Anti-Symmetric Version Of Malliavin Calculus, Jirô Akahori, Tomo Matsusita, Yasufumi Nitta

Journal of Stochastic Analysis

No abstract provided.

Phosphorus Fertilizer And Stocking Rate Effects On Soil Microbial Biomass Of A Long-Term Dairy Farmlet Experiment, S. R. Aarons, C. R. O’Connor, C. J. P. Gourley

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The effects of a range of P fertilizer rates and dairy cow stocking rates on microbial biomass carbon and phosphorus were compared in a long-term farmlet trial in southeastern Australia. Pastures were stocked at 2, 3, or 4 cows/ha and received fertilizer at rates of 0, 35, 70 or 140 kgP/ha. There was no effect of either P fertilizer rate or stocking rate on microbial biomass C from 1995 to 1998. Increasing P application rate significantly increased the chloroform-released microbial P flush measured, but stocking rate had no effect on microbial P. There were significant temporal changes, with the seasonal …

Dry Matter Accumulation And Partitioning Between Vegetative And Reproductive Organs In Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.), E. D. Bolaños-Aguilar, Christian Huyghe, B. Julier, C. Ecalle

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

This work investigated the partitioning of dry matter between vegetative and reproductive plant organs in alfalfa during the reproductive period under field conditions. Two French varieties (Europe and Magali) were studied. Both varieties showed similar growth pattern of the different plant organs in 1998 and 1999. The mean dry matter of vegetative organs (shoots and leaves) over the two years was higher in Europe (567g/m²) than Magali (470g/m²). No vegetative growth was observed during the reproductive period. The root organs (measured to a depth of 0.20 m) and the reproductive organs showed an increase in dry …

Herbage Seed Production Possibilities In Finland, O. Niemeläinen, M. Kinnari

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In the seed production variety experiments in Finland from 1977 to 1992 the mean seed yield of timothy (Phleum pratense) cultivar Alma was 717 kg ha^-1, of meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis) cv. Boris 622 kg ha^-1, of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) cv. Retu 350 kg ha^-1, of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) cv. Riikka, of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata) cv. Haka 295 kg ha^-1, and red clover (Trifolium pratense) cv. Hankkijan Venla 403 kg ha^-1. From 1988 to 1998 annual …

Sustainability Newsletter, September 2021, Jennifer Mclaughlin

SD State Sustainability Newsletter

• We Are Hiring
• Sustainability Ambassador Program Returns for Second Year
• SDSU Receives 2021 EPEAT Purchaser Award
• SDSU Recycling Guide
• Sustainability Tidbits

Localized Learning: A Possible Alternative To Current Deep Learning Techniques, Javier Viana, Kelly Cohen, Anca Ralescu, Stephan Ralescu, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

At present, the most efficient deep learning technique is the use of deep neural networks. However, recent empirical results show that in some situations, it is even more efficient to use "localized" learning -- i.e., to divide the domain of inputs into sub-domains, learn the desired dependence separately on each sub-domain, and then "smooth" the resulting dependencies into a single algorithm. In this paper, we provide theoretical explanation for these empirical successes.

How ‘Human’ Should Robots Be?, Singapore Management University

Perspectives@SMU

Hotel guests like interaction with devices that look and sound like them, but they can spark displeasure after service failures, new CUHK study shows

Measuring Esg, Andrew King, Dan Chi Wong, Adrian De Groot Ruiz, Shawn Cole, Michael Tang, Dave Chen

Perspectives@SMU

Quantifying externalities is difficult and imprecise but one “should not fall into the trap of making the perfect the enemy of the good” and not try

2021-2022 Impact Series - Environmental Awareness Student Study Guide, Sabine Dantus

Impact Series Study Guides

Environmental Awareness Impact Series Study Guide: A guide to help you engage with environmental awareness