Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

An Affine Approach To Peterson Comparison, Linda Chen, E. Milićević, J. Morse

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Works

The Peterson comparison formula proved by Woodward relates the three-pointed Gromov-Witten invariants for the quantum cohomology of partial flag varieties to those for the complete flag. Another such comparison can be obtained by composing a combinatorial version of the Peterson isomorphism with a result of Lapointe and Morse relating quantum Littlewood-Richardson coefficients for the Grassmannian to k-Schur analogs in the homology of the affine Grassmannian obtained by adding rim hooks. We show that these comparisons on quantum cohomology are equivalent, up to Postnikov’s strange duality isomorphism.

Topological Speedups Of ℤD-Actions, Aimee S.A. Johnson, D. M. Mcclendon

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Works

We study minimal ℤ^d-Cantor systems and the relationship between their speedups, their collections of invariant Borel measures, their associated unital dimension groups, and their orbit equivalence classes. In the particular case of minimal ℤ^d-odometers, we show that their bounded speedups must again be odometers but, contrary to the 1-dimensional case, they need not be conjugate, or even isomorphic, to the original. Furthermore, we give examples of speedups of ℤ^d-odometers which show the significant role played by a choice of ‘cone’ associated to the speedup.

The Complexity Threshold For The Emergence Of Kakutani Inequivalence, V. Cyr, Aimee S.A. Johnson, B. Kra, A. Şahi̇n

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Works

We show that linear complexity is the threshold for the emergence of Kakutani inequivalence for measurable systems supported on a minimal subshift. In particular, we show that there are minimal subshifts of arbitrarily low superlinear complexity that admit both loosely Bernoulli and non-loosely Bernoulli ergodic measures and that no minimal subshift with linear complexity can admit inequivalent measures.

Think-Aloud Interviews: A Tool For Exploring Student Statistical Reasoning, A. Reinhart, C. Evans, Amanda Luby, J. Orellana, M. Meyer, J. Wieczorek, P. Elliott, P. Burckhardt, R. Nugent

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Works

Think-aloud interviews have been a valuable but underused tool in statistics education research. Think-alouds, in which students narrate their reasoning in real time while solving problems, differ in important ways from other types of cognitive interviews and related education research methods. Beyond the uses already found in the statistics literature—mostly validating the wording of statistical concept inventory questions and studying student misconceptions—we suggest other possible use cases for think-alouds and summarize best-practice guidelines for designing think-aloud interview studies. Using examples from our own experiences studying the local student body for our introductory statistics courses, we illustrate how research goals should …

Maximal And Minimal Weak Solutions For Elliptic Problems With Nonlinearity On The Boundary, S. Bandyopadhyay, M. Chhetri, B. B. Delgado, Nsoki Mavinga, R. Pardo

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Works

This paper deals with the existence of weak solutions for semilinear elliptic equation with nonlinearity on the boundary. We establish the existence of a maximal and a minimal weak solution between an ordered pair of sub- and supersolution for both monotone and nonmonotone nonlinearities. We use iteration argument when the nonlinearity is monotone. For the nonmonotone case, we utilize the surjectivity of a pseudomonotone and coercive operator, Zorn's lemma and a version of Kato's inequality.

The Topological Slice Genus Of Satellite Knots, P. Feller, Allison N. Miller, J. Pinzón-Caicedo

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Works

We present evidence supporting the conjecture that, in the topological category, the slice genus of a satellite knot P(K) is bounded above by the sum of the slice genera of K and P(U). Our main result establishes this conjecture for a variant of the topological slice genus, the ℤ–slice genus. Notably, the conjectured upper bound does not involve the algebraic winding number of the pattern P. This stands in stark contrast with the smooth category, where, for example, there are many genus 1 knots whose (n,1)–cables have arbitrarily large smooth 4–genera. …

Identifying Patterns In The Structural Drivers Of Intrastate Conflict, Jonathan D. Moyer, Austin S. Matthews, Mickey Rafa, Yutang Xiong

Global and Public Affairs: Faculty Scholarship

Quantitative methods have been used to: (1) better predict civil conflict onset; and (2) understand causal mechanisms to inform policy intervention and theory. However, an exploration of individual conflict onset cases illustrates great variation in the characteristics describing the outbreak of civil war, suggesting that there is not one single set of factors that lead to intrastate war. In this article, we use descriptive statistics to explore persistent clusters in the drivers of civil war onset, finding evidence that some arrangements of structural drivers cluster robustly across multiple model specifications (such as young, poorly developed states with anocratic regimes). Additionally, …

Drought Tolerant Landscaping Trends In Claremont, California, Serena Myjer

CMC Senior Theses

The environmental impacts of turf grass lawns are particularly important to consider in California, because of its unique Mediterranean climate and ongoing problems with chronic drought. While California is ideal for agriculture, recreation, and year-round living, the occurrence of drought is natural and not uncommon, evident in historical human and paleoclimate records. Drought impacts humans and wildlife including water scarcity, crop failure, water quality, reduced streamflow, and wetland availability. Diverting water from these critical sources for growing turf grass lawns is inappropriate and harmful. This project is the first analysis of landscaping patterns, trends, and changes in Claremont, California using …

Data, Knowledge Practices, And Naturecultural Worlds: Vehicle Emissions In The Anthropocene, Lindsay Poirier

Statistical and Data Sciences: Faculty Books

This chapter details the various techno-cultural assemblages giving rise to data collected to model and measure anthropogenic worlds, arguing that data-based technologies both represent and co-produce the Anthropocene. It begins with a review of scholarship emerging at the intersection of science and technology studies and information studies that advances understanding of data infrastructure and knowledge practices, and their role within the anthropogenic assemblages that shape history. Drawing on a case study describing how vehicle emissions are measured and regulated in the US, I examine the materialities and mutability of technologies designed to produce data about air quality, along with the …

Ga Pilot Perceptions Of Speech Systems To Transcribe And Submit Pireps, Deborah S. Carstens Ph.D., Pmp, Michael S. Harwin, J.D., M.S., Tianhua Li, Ph.D., Brandon J. Pitts, Ph.D., Mel Futrell, M.A., Barrett Caldwell, Ph.D.

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Flying into hazardous weather can be a cause of aviation incidents and accidents. Accidents involving general aviation (GA) pilots who are not instrument rated who fly into instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) are often fatal. Pilot weather reports (PIREPs) can increase the accuracy and timeliness of current and forecasted weather conditions. They are an essential tool used by pilots to avoid flying into hazardous weather as well as meteorologists to develop and update aviation forecasts. Thus, a large number of accurate PIREPs with the best source of current weather coming from pilots and air traffic controllers are needed. Pilots are often …

An Analysis On Network Flow-Based Iot Botnet Detection Using Weka, Cian Porteous

Dissertations

Botnets pose a significant and growing risk to modern networks. Detection of botnets remains an important area of open research in order to prevent the proliferation of botnets and to mitigate the damage that can be caused by botnets that have already been established. Botnet detection can be broadly categorised into two main categories: signature-based detection and anomaly-based detection. This paper sets out to measure the accuracy, false-positive rate, and false-negative rate of four algorithms that are available in Weka for anomaly-based detection of a dataset of HTTP and IRC botnet data. The algorithms that were selected to detect botnets …

Evaluating The Performance Of Vision Transformer Architecture For Deepfake Image Classification, Devesan Govindasamy

Dissertations

Deepfake classification has seen some impressive results lately, with the experimentation of various deep learning methodologies, researchers were able to design some state-of-the art techniques. This study attempts to use an existing technology “Transformers” in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) which has been a de-facto standard in text processing for the purposes of Computer Vision. Transformers use a mechanism called “self-attention”, which is different from CNN and LSTM. This study uses a novel technique that considers images as 16x16 words (Dosovitskiy et al., 2021) to train a deep neural network with “self-attention” blocks to detect deepfakes. It creates …

Law Library Blog (January 2022): Legal Beagle's Blog Archive, Roger Williams University School Of Law

Law Library Newsletters/Blog

No abstract provided.

Ascp-Iomt: Ai-Enabled Lightweight Secure Communication Protocol For Internet Of Medical Things, Mohammad Wazid, Jaskaran Singh, Ashok Kumar Das, Sachin Shetty, Muhammad Khurram Khan, Joel J.P.C. Rodrigues

VMASC Publications

The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is a unification of smart healthcare devices, tools, and software, which connect various patients and other users to the healthcare information system through the networking technology. It further reduces unnecessary hospital visits and the burden on healthcare systems by connecting the patients to their healthcare experts (i.e., doctors) and allows secure transmission of healthcare data over an insecure channel (e.g., the Internet). Since Artificial Intelligence (AI) has a great impact on the performance and usability of an information system, it is important to include its modules in a healthcare information system, which will be …

Sentiment Without Sentiment Analysis: Using The Recommendation Outcome Of Steam Game Reviews As Sentiment Predictor, Anqi Zhang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This paper presents and explores a novel way to determine the sentiment of a Steam game review based on the predicted recommendation of the review, testing different regression models on a combination of Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) features. A dataset of Steam game reviews extracted from the Programming games genre consisting of 21 games along with other significant features such as the number of helpful likes on the recommendation, number of hours played, and others. Based on the features, they are grouped into three datasets: 1) either having keyword features only, 2) keyword features …

Equivalence Of The Transition Heat Capacities Of Proteins And Dna, Matthew W. Eskew, Albert S. Benight

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

It has been reported for many globular proteins that the native heat capacity at 25°C, per gram, is the same. This has been interpreted to indicate that heat capacity is a fundamental property of native proteins that provides important information on molecular structure and stability. Heat capacities for both proteins and DNA has been suggested to be related to universal effects of hydration/solvation on native structures. Here we report on results from thermal denaturation analysis of two well-known proteins, human serum albumin and lysozyme, and a short DNA hairpin. The transition heat capacities at the Tm for the three molecules …

Effect Of Trigonometric Transformations On The Machine Learning Prediction And Quality Control Of Air Temperature, Andrea Fenoglio, Torrey J. Wagner, Paul Auclair, Brent T. Langhals

Faculty Publications

Conducting effective quality control of weather observations in real time is vital to the 14th Weather Squadron’s mission of providing authoritative climate data. This study explored automated quality control of weather observations by applying multiple machine learning techniques to 43,487 surface weather observations from 5 years of data at a single location. Temperature predictors were evaluated using recursive feature elimination on linear regression and XGBoost algorithms, as well as using a neural network hyperparameter sweep. Modeling was repeated after calculating trigonometric transforms of temporal variables to give the models insight into the diurnal heating cycle of the Earth. All models …

Exploring Factors That Predict Marketing Of E-Cigarette Products On Twitter: Infodemiology Approach Using Time Series, Nnamdi C. Ezike, Allison Ames Boykin, Page D. Dobbs, Huy Mai, Brian A. Primack

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background:

Electronic nicotine delivery systems (known as electronic cigarettes or e-cigarettes) increase risk for adverse health outcomes among naïve tobacco users, particularly youth and young adults. This vulnerable population is also at risk for exposed brand marketing and advertisement of e-cigarettes on social media. Understanding predictors of how e-cigarette manufacturers conduct social media advertising and marketing could benefit public health approaches to addressing e-cigarette use.

Objective:

This study documents factors that predict changes in daily frequency of commercial tweets about e-cigarettes using time series modeling techniques.

Methods:

We analyzed data on the daily frequency of commercial tweets about e-cigarettes collected …

Biofabrication Of Magnetic Nanoparticles And Their Use As Carriers For Pectinase And Xylanase, Shady S. Hassan, Brendan Duffy, Gwilym A. Williams, Amit Jaiswal

Articles

In this study, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) were synthesized via exposure of fungal cell filtrate from Aspergillus flavus to aqueous iron ions. The extracellular synthesis of MNPs was monitored by UV–Vis spectrophotometry and showed an absorption peak at 310 nm. The morphology of MNPs was found to be flake-like, as confirmed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), while the average crystallite size was ∼16 nm, as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis was performed to confirm the presence of elemental Fe in the sample. Pectinase and xylanase were covalently immobilized on MNPs with efficiencies …

Review Of Analytical Techniques For Arsenic Detection And Determination In Drinking Water, Abhijnan Bhat, Tony O'Hara, Furong Tian, Baljit Singh Dr.

Articles

Arsenic occurs in the natural environment in four oxidation states: As(V), As(III), As(0) and As(−III). The behavior of arsenic species changes depending on the biotic or abiotic conditions in water. In groundwater, arsenic is predominantly present as As(III) and As(V), with a minor amount of methyl and dimethyl arsenic compounds being reported. Global intake of As(III) and As(V) via drinking water and food has dramatically increased in recent years. The commonly used term inorganic arsenic includes both As(III) and As(V) species and constitutes the highest toxicological risk associated with arsenic in water compared to the organic arsenic species. Inorganic arsenic …

Data Driven Bayesian Network To Predict Critical Alarm, Joseph Mietkiewicz, Anders Madsen

Articles

Modern industrial plants rely on alarm systems to ensure their safe and effective functioning. Alarms give the operator knowledge about the current state of the industrial plants. Trip alarms indicating a trip event indicate the shutdown of systems. Trip events in power plants can be costly and critical for the running of the operation.This paper demonstrates how trips events based on an alarm log from an offshore gas production can be reliably predicted using a Bayesian network. If a trip event is reliably predicted and the main cause of it is identified, it will allow the operator to prevent it. …

Improvement Of The Fine Tuning Algorithm, Joseph Mietkiewicz, Anders Madsen

Articles

Khalil El Hindi has developed a fine-tuning algorithm to
improve the classification accuracy of the Naive Bayes. His algorithm optimizes the conditional probability tables of the Naive Bayes after the
training phase. The values of the probabilities of a variable are modified if it causes misclassification of a training instance. The algorithm out-performs in many cases the Naive Bayes. We analyze the performance
of the algorithm, discussed its issues, and compare it to a modified algorithm. The new algorithm simplifies the formula used in the fine-tuning algorithm and uses a more efficient scoring metric, the Brier score, to
fine-tune the …

Application Of Climate-Smart Forestry – Forest Manager Response To The Relevance Of European Definition And Indicators, Euan Bowditch, Giovanni Santopuoli, Boyżdar Neroj, Jan Svetlik Jan Svetlik, Mark Tominlson, Vivien Pohl, Admir Avdagić, Miren Del Rio, Tzetvan Zlatanov Tzetvan Zlatanov, Höhn Maria, Gabriela Jamnická, Yusuf Serengil, Murat Sarginci, Sigríður Júlía Brynleifsdóttir, Jerzy Lesinki, João C. Azevedo

Articles

Climate change impacts are an increasing threat to forests and current approaches to management. In 2020, Climate-smart Forestry (CSF) definition and set of indicators was published. This study further developed this work by testing the definition and indicators through a forest manager survey across fifteen member European countries. The survey covered topic areas of demographics, climate change impacts, definition and indicators assessment, as well as knowledge and communication. Overall, forest managers considered the threat of climate change to their forests as high or critical and 62% found the CSF definition clear and concise; however, the minority suggested greater simplification or …

Surficial Geologic Map Of The Upton 7.5-Minute Quadrangle, Kentucky, Meredith Swallom, Matthew Massey, Maxwell L. Hammond Iii, Antonia Bottoms, Ann Hislop, Michele M. Mchugh

Contract Reports--KGS

The Upton 7.5-minute quadrangle is located south of Elizabethtown along the boundaries between Hardin, Hart, and Larue Counties and within the Mississippian Plateau physiographic region (McDowell, 1986). Topography is characterized by the low relief Pennyroyal plain that sits at altitudes below about 750 ft above sea level, the ridges, spurs, and isolated knobs of the intensely dissected Dripping Springs escarpment; the low relief cap of the escarpment landforms is part of the Mammoth Cave plateau region. Moore (1972) mapped the bedrock geology of the quadrangle, which was later digitized by Toth (2006). Mississippian bedrock is exposed throughout most of the …

An Assessment Of Geographic And Taxonomic Biases In Research On Climate Change-Related Range Shifts, Evan J. Parker

Library Map Prize

Geographic and taxonomic biases in ecological literature inhibit the ability of research to be generalized or translated to other systems. This is particularly true with research on climate change-related range shifts, where a diverse and representative set of observations is needed to understand the significant heterogeneity of range shifts and improve models. A literature review was conducted and biases were assessed by examining the geographic location of study areas, the taxonomic makeup of study species, and the location of study areas within species ranges. A substantial geographic skew towards terrestrial, mid-latitude North America and Europe was observed. However, taxonomic coverage …

Journal Of The Arkansas Academy Of Science - Volume 76, 2022, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Distal Urogenital Anatomy In The Male Wood Frog, Lithobates Sylvaticus (Anura: Ranidae), Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

I investigated the microanatomy of the distal urogenital system of the male Wood Frog (Lithobates sylvaticus) from a small sample (n = 6) collected in northern Arkansas in February 2020. Specifically, my primary objectives were as follows: 1) to focus on the histology of the paired Wolffian (urogenital) ducts caudally from the kidneys to their merging with the urodeum of the cloaca, 2) to reveal the structure of the paired seminal vesicles (sperm storage structures), and 3) to compare epithelial morphologies between the distal urogenital tract and its neighboring distal alimentary tract. This information will promote a clearer …

Business Meeting Report (Secretary's And Treasurer's Report), Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Instructions To Authors, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

A Lightweight Reliably Quantified Deepfake Detection Approach, Tianyi Wang, Kam Pui Chow

Annual ADFSL Conference on Digital Forensics, Security and Law

Deepfake has brought huge threats to society such that everyone can become a potential victim. Current Deepfake detection approaches have unsatisfactory performance in either accuracy or efficiency. Meanwhile, most models are only evaluated on different benchmark test datasets with different accuracies, which could not imitate the real-life Deepfake unknown population. As Deepfake cases have already been raised and brought challenges at the court, it is disappointed that no existing work has studied the model reliability and attempted to make the detection model act as the evidence at the court. We propose a lightweight Deepfake detection deep learning approach using the …