Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Mgrre_Thinsections_Mgrre-09_8, Mgrre

Thin Sections

No abstract provided.

Mgrre_Thinsections_Mgrre-05_13, Mgrre

Thin Sections

No abstract provided.

Experimental Evidence That Shear Bands In Metallic Glasses Nucleate Like Cracks, Alan A. Long, Wendelin Wright, Xiaojun Gu, Anna Thackray, Mayisha Nakib, Jonathan T. Uhl, Karin A. Dahmen

Faculty Journal Articles

Highly time-resolved mechanical measurements, modeling, and simulations show that large shear bands in bulk metallic glasses nucleate in a manner similar to cracks. When small slips reach a nucleation size, the dynamics changes and the shear band rapidly grows to span the entire sample. Smaller nucleation sizes imply lower ductility. Ductility can be increased by increasing the nucleation size relative to the maximum (“cutoff”) shear band size at the upper edge of the power law scaling range of their size distribution. This can be achieved in three ways: (1) by increasing the nucleation size beyond this cutoff size of the …

The Benefits And Challenges Of Virtual Education For Interprofessional Teams In A Post-Covid Environment

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

There have been a series of disruptions in the healthcare environment since 2019, starting with the global pandemic [...].

Our Need For Seed: How News Media Framed The Pandemic Gardening Boom, Roger Gatchet, Amanda Davis Gatchet

Sustainability Research & Practice Seminar Presentations

Professor Roger Gatchet, Communication and Media, and Professor Amanda Davis Gatchet, Department of Communication Studies, Montgomery County Community College - Our Need for Seed: How News Media Framed the Pandemic Gardening Boom

Threonine Phosphorylation Of An Electrochemical Peptide-Based Sensor To Achieve Improved Uranyl Ion Binding Affinity, Channing C. Thompson, Rebecca Lai

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

We have successfully designed a uranyl ion (U(VI)-specific peptide and used it in the fabrication of an electrochemical sensor. The 12-amino acid peptide sequence, (n) DKDGDGYIpTAAE (c), originates from calmodulin, a Ca(II)-binding protein, and contains a phosphothreonine that enhances the sequence’s affinity for U(VI) over Ca(II). The sensing mechanism of this U(VI) sensor is similar to other electrochemical peptide-based sensors, which relies on the change in the flexibility of the peptide probe upon interacting with the target. The sensor was systematically characterized using alternating current voltammetry (ACV) and cyclic voltammetry. Its limit of detection was 50 nM, which is lower …

Synthesis, Characterization And Cell Viability Of Novel Tripodal Amines, Kinsley Lupton

Honors College Theses

Cancer, over the years, has become a much more prevalent focus for the scientific community. Organizations and laboratories all over the world have spent countless hours searching for a cure, trying to learn more about what makes cancer so powerful and what is the best way to stop its growth. Iron-chelation drugs were already on the market, and it was shown that they did have the ability to act as both iron-chelators and anticancer drugs. Most of these iron-chelating drugs are not as effective at killing cancer cells as the medical field desires. Novel iron-chelating tris-indolyl derivatives, GSO2, GSO4 and …

Polarimetric Radar And Vhf Lightning Observations In A Significantly Tornadic Supercell, Jacob Bruss

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Redefining Research In Nanotechnology Simulations: A New Approach To Data Caching And Analysis, Darin Tsai, Alan Zhang, Aloysius Rebeiro

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Agricultural Aerosols: The Impact Of Farming Activity On Ice Nucleating Particles, Joseph Robinson

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

Farming activities cause particles such as soil dust and plant material to be emitted into the air. Some of these aerosols can become ice nucleating particles (INPs), serving as seeds for ice and mixed-phase clouds. While there have been ground-based studies of these particles in the western Great Plains and a single air-based study in Indiana, there is a distinct lack of ground-based studies in the Midwest. In Indiana, over two-thirds of the state is farmland, with over 75% of land in Tippecanoe County used for agriculture. Despite farming being such an essential part of life in Indiana, the connection …

Processing Of Plastic Film From Potato Starch: Effect Of Drying Methods, Kourtney Collier, Samantha Goins, Austin Chirgwin, Isabelle Stanfield

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

Starch-based plastics are biodegradable, compostable compounds made of starch and plasticizers from natural sources. Their fabrication involves the starch-plasticizer reaction at 70–100°C followed by cooling and drying. Th e most common drying method is air drying (natural convection), which is effective but slow. Th e objective of this work is to study the effect of fast drying (forced convection) on the quality of the plastic film. Th is work compares the effects of drying conditions and drying rate on warpage, shrinkage rate, and presence of bubbles. Five drying methods are studied: (1) natural convection with uncovered petri dish, (2) natural …

Supporting The Protect Initiative, Josh Lefton, Jackson Murray, Ahmed Thabet, Sriram Baireddy, Prakash Shukla, Mridul Gupta, Reagan Becker, Julie Ertle, Tony Doan, Aerin Yang

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

Recently, medication dosage errors have received more political and media attention. Dosage errors are the most common medical errors, affecting about 1.5 million people annually.

Furthermore, U.S. poison-control centers reported more than 200,000 cases per year of medication errors. These cases result in medical costs of around $3.5 billion, and children under 6 years old constitute approximately 30% of these cases.

The PROTECT Initiative (Preventing Overdoses and Treatment Errors in Children Taskforce) was launched in 2008 as a collaborative effort between public health agencies and patient advocates to minimize dosage errors.

In alignment with the PROTECT Initiative effort, this project …

Research Software Science: Expanding The Impact Of Research Software Engineering, Michael A. Heroux

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Software plays a central role in scientific discovery. Improving how we develop and use software for research can have both broad and deep impacts on a spectrum of challenges and opportunities society faces today. The emergence of the research software engineer (RSE) role correlates with the growing complexity of scientific challenges and the diversity of software team skills. In this article, research software science (RSS), an idea related to RSE and particularly suited to research software teams, is described. RSS promotes the use of scientific methodologies to explore and establish broadly applicable knowledge. Using RSS, we can pursue sustainable, repeatable, …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Nanocomposites For Environmental Remediation, Nethaji S

Technical Collection

My current work deals with the preparation and characterization of nanocomposites for effluent treatment applications. The expertise lies on the preparation of carbonaceous nanocomposites including graphitic materials. The prepared materials are characterized thoroughly by different methods like FE-SEM, TEM, FT-IR, XRD, VSM, surface area and porosity. The composite materials are used for the removal of conventional and emerging contaminants like antibiotics, pesticide residues, endocrine disruptors etc. In addition to the batch studies, fabrication of microcolumns to aid the scale-up of the process is also carried out. I have published 14 research publications with around 1000 citations and h-index of 11. …

Design Of Secure Communication Schemes To Provide Authentication And Integrity Among The Iot Devices, Vidya Rao Dr.

Technical Collection

The fast growth in Internet-of-Things (IoT) based applications, has increased the number of end-devices communicating over the Internet. The end devices are made with fewer resources and are low battery-powered. These resource-constrained devices are exposed to various security and privacy concerns over publicly available Internet communication. Thus, it becomes essential to provide lightweight security solutions to safeguard data and user privacy. Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) can be used to generate the digital signature and also encrypt the data. The method can be evaluated on a real-time testbed deployed using Raspberry Pi3 devices and every message transmitted is subjected to ECC. …

Application Of Machine Learning And Cyber Security In Smart Grid, Soham Dutta Dr.

Technical Collection

Unplanned islanding of microgrids is a major hindrance in providing continuous power supply to the critical loads. The detection of these islanding instants needs to be very fast so that the distributed generators (DG) are able to take control actions in minimum time. Due to high quality data at a rapid rate, micro phasor measurement unit (μ-PMU) are becoming widely popular in distribution system and micro grids. These μ-PMUs can be leveraged for island detection. However, the working of μ-PMU is hugely dependent on communication network for data transmission which is prone to cyber-attacks. In view of the above facts, …

Quality Evaluation Of Agricultural And Food Products By Using Image Processing And Soft Computing Paradigm, Narendra Vg

Technical Collection

My research interests revolve around the problem of quality evaluation of Agricultural and Food Products by using Image Processing and Soft Computing Paradigm. Much of my recent work focuses on develop a framework for quality evaluation of Edible Nuts using Computer Vision and Soft Computing Techniques. Also, my interest in developing a framework for defects recognition and classification of Fruits and Vegetables using deep learning methods. My research has also explored many problems related to Blockchain Technology while considering the supply chain management of Agricultural and Food products in between with formers, retailers, and consumers.

1. http://doi.org/10.1109/DELCON54057.2022.9752836
2. http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07012-9_56
3. http://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8603-3_30
4. http://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8603-3_29
5. http://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8603-3_29

Computer Vision Based Analysis Of Crowd Behavior For Efficient Video Surveillance In Public Places, Abhilash K. Pai

Technical Collection

Automated crowd behavior analysis and monitoring is a challenging task due to the unpredictable nature of the crowd, making it an open problem. Within this domain, we are focusing on two research problems which deal with low to mid-level analysis of crowd videos. The first problem focuses on how to effectively utilize the readily available compressed motion vector information in an input crowd video to model the motion of the crowd and perform crowd behavior analysis in varying densities of crowds. For this purpose, we consider a mid-level crowd scene analysis task called as motion pattern segmentation. The second research …

Generalized Inverses Of Elements Of Rings And Matrices Over Rings, K. Manjunatha Prasad

Interdisciplinary Collection

It is well known that a square matrix with all its columns linearly independent has a unique inverse G satisfying AG=GA=I. However, if A is not square or if columns of A are not linearly independent, then such an inverse does not exist. Moore and Penrose independently generalized the notion of inverses to singular matrices. This led to the theory of generalized inverses. In the course of time different generalized inverses like group inverse, Drazin inverse, Core inverse etc., were introduced. The present author introduced Core-EP inverse in 2013. The author has also worked on the theory of generalized inverse …

Studying Implications Of Physics Beyond The Standard Model Of Particle Physics, Sumit Kumar Dr.

Basic Science Collection

Our research interest is to study the implications of the Particle Physics scenarios beyond the Standard Model. Currently, we are looking into the predictions of CP violating phases in modified tribimaximal scenarios and flavor violation in Alternative left-right model.

The tribimaximal mixing provides a compelling ground for understanding the observed neutrino mixing as it predicts =45°, ° and ° which can be taken as the origin of leading order explanation to the current neutrino mixing angle experimental results. In this study, we are performing a comprehensive analysis of the modified tribimaximal mixing scenarios for numerically deriving the constraints on Majorana …

Laser Spectroscopic Instrumentation For Biomedical And Environmental Applications, Unnikrishnan V K Dr.

Basic Science Collection

In this third decade of the 21^st century, the environmental challenges we have ahead of us, set out in the UN's 2030 agenda for sustainable development, are many. Some of the major global environmental issues we need to resolve by 2030 are public health issues, soil and land pollution, water pollution etc. In view of this, we have been working on development of spectroscopic systems and methods to carry out fast, qualitative, and quantitative analysis of materials (solid/liquid/gas) located at distances of several tens of meters especially of samples, at not easily accessible locations, remotely. The complementary and layer-by-layer …

Application Of Geospatial Technologies For Urban Planning And Management, Flood Modelling, Urban Heat Island, Water Resources Management And Planning, Hydrological Modelling, Climate Change And Water Quality Modelling Etc., Anoop Kumar Shukla Dr.

Basic Science Collection

Human activities are altering the natural landscape on the earth’s surface. The thermal environment of densely populated cities is also experiencing rapid change. Remote sensing provides the necessary spatial and temporal data to understand cities' complex human–climate interactions. However, the complex temporal and spatial variability of human activities, urban landscapes, and urban climates make understanding the interactions among them challenging. The study of human–climate interactions is also complicated by the mixed pixels of remote sensing data.

Therefore, I am looking to collaborate with those who want to do research in the field of Remote Sensing and GIS application in water …

Development Of Alloy And Composite Based Coating For Corrosion Protection And Water Electrolysis, Akshatha R. Shetty

Basic Science Collection

Nowadays research is going on for the search of material which produces more ecofriendly renewable energy sources. Over the past years, hydrogen is used a clean source of energy. The existing fossil fuels will cause greenhouse emission and environmentally hazardous in nature. In this direction, water splitting technology is used to produce hydrogen as a renewable energy source and is ecofriendly in nature. In this regard, electroplating technology is used produce series of coatings and to split the water molecule into hydrogen and oxygen. The developed coatings were used as electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction. The electrocatalytic behavior of the …

Growth Of Zinc Oxide Thin Films For Device Applications, Chaitra U Dr.

Basic Science Collection

Deposition and characterization of undoped and doped ZnO thin films by spin coating technique for gas sensing and Schottky diode applications. The work focuses on enhancing conductivity and also exploring the possibility of p-type conduction of ZnO thin film. As the application part, gas sensors and Schottky diodes were fabricated from the optimized ZnO thin films. We also work on the synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles by green synthesis technique for biosensor applications.

Publications:

1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.165377
2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inoche.2021.108784
3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spmi.2021.106903
4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2020.105293

Material Processing And Theoretical Quantum Plasma And Solar Plasma, Utpal Deka Dr.

Basic Science Collection

The domain of my research is Plasma Physics and Allied area. The plasma induced surface modification of materials can lead to introduction of modification of physical properties like electrical resistivity, thermal properties, structural modification, etc. Our work is focused on electron beam irradiation and plasma induced modification of perovskite manganites. Perovskites are compounds of structure ABX₃, where A is the rare-earth cation, B is the divalent cation and X is an anion. Perovskite manganites have the general formula of ABMnO₃. Perovskite manganites show interesting properties like colossal magnetoresistance (CMR), metal-insulator transition temperature (T_MI), and …

Integration Of Photonics Technologies With Applied Nanosciences For Sensing And Particle Manipulation, Sajan Daniel George Prof.

Basic Science Collection

In my research, I focus on the usage of light to address and unveil the problems that fall into the category of interfacial and nanobiophotonics. I attempt to bridge the gap between insight-driven research on the fundamental level and applied research by bringing novel ideas that have emerged from the former into the context of practical applications. For that, We mainly harness the photons to probe and understand the Nano/Bio/Photonics systems and try to integrate them for next-generation applications. Our major areas of research are Nanoscale Surface Wettability Engineering for Photonics and Healthcare Applications, Optical Tweezers integrated with microfluidics and …

Classification Of Mudra And Posture Images Of Bharatanatyam, Venkatesh Bhandage Dr.

Technical Collection

Bharatanatyam is an Indian classical dance form which has to be studies under the supervision of experts/gurus. In this modern era there is scarcity of Bharatanatyam teachers and also the youth is less fascinated towards the classical dance forms. To promote and propagate this Indian classical dance form it is required to take leverage of technology. Hence, the automatic classification of Mudras and Postures was attempted as part of the research work. The research work can be used in training the novice learners, to provide online commentary during the concerts and e-learning of Bharatanatyam dance. The research work can help …

Microplastic Pollution And Its Effects On Aquatic And Terrestrial Ecosystems, Anish Kumar Warrier Dr.

Technical Collection

Microplastics (MPs) are tiny pieces of plastics (less than 5 mm in size) that are ubiquitous in the environment. Their existence causes immediate threat to organisms of different sizes living in the water, sediments and soils affecting the food chain. Further, their presence in the marine realm can lead to a delay in the sequestration of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into the oceans. The Environmental Microplastics Group at the Department of Civil Engineering, MIT, is primarily focused on the detection of microplastics and nanoplastics in the different environmental compartments, i.e., freshwater and marine water, sediments, soils, and biota such …

A Novel Ibuprofen Derivative And Its Complexes: Physicochemical Characterization, Dft Modeling, Docking, In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Studies, And Dna Interaction, Abbas M. Abbas, Ahmed Aboelmagd, Safaa M. Kishk, Hossam H. Nasrallah, W. Christropher Boyd, Haitham F. Kalil, Adel S. Orabi

Chemistry Faculty Publications

A novel derivative of ibuprofen and salicylaldehyde N '-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-(4-isobutylphenyl) propane hydrazide (HL) was synthesized, followed by its complexation with Cu, Ni, Co, Gd, and Sm. The compounds obtained were characterized by (HNMR)-H-1, mass spectrometry, UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis (DTA and TGA), conductivity measurements, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The results indicate that the complexes formed were [Cu(L)(H2O)]Cl center dot 2H(2)O, [Ni(L)(2)], [Co(L)(2)]center dot H2O, [Gd(L)(2)(H2O)(2)](NO3)center dot 2H(2)O and [Sm(L)(2)(H2O)(2)](NO3)center dot 2H(2)O. The surface characteristics of the produced compounds were evaluated by DFT calculations using the MOE environment. The docking was performed against the COX2 targeting protein (PDB code: 5IKT …

Zeroth-Order Hard-Thresholding: Gradient Error Vs. Expansivity, William De Vazelhes, Hualin Zhang, Huimin Wu, Xiao Tong Yuan, Bin Gu

Machine Learning Faculty Publications

ℓ0 constrained optimization is prevalent in machine learning, particularly for high-dimensional problems, because it is a fundamental approach to achieve sparse learning. Hard-thresholding gradient descent is a dominant technique to solve this problem. However, first-order gradients of the objective function may be either unavailable or expensive to calculate in a lot of real-world problems, where zeroth-order (ZO) gradients could be a good surrogate. Unfortunately, whether ZO gradients can work with the hard-thresholding operator is still an unsolved problem. To solve this puzzle, in this paper, we focus on the ℓ0 constrained black-box stochastic optimization problems, and propose a new stochastic …