Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

The Nature Of Sequestered Carbon In Different Irish Mineral Soils, C. M. Byrne, D. Fay, J. A. Ferreira, M. H. B. Hayes

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Humic substances (HS) provide the major sinks for carbon (C) in soils. Although HS have a degree of resistance to microbial degradation, they are degraded in time. Humin, the HS component in association with the soil mineral colloids, has greatest resistance to degradation. To understand the extent to which soil can be a sink for C it is important to know the soil mineralogy, and to be aware of aspects of the structures of the humic components. Enhanced biological oxidation occurs in soils in long term cultivation. Its effects can be observed by comparing the amounts and compositions of the …

Three-Dimensional Higher-Order Compressive Sensing For Raypath Separation In An Acoustic Waveguide, Fengyan Zhong

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

In an acoustic waveguide, the separation of multiple raypaths, especially close raypaths, is a challenging task in the presence of colored noise due to interference in the acoustic eld. In this paper, a three-dimensional higher-order compressive sensing method for raypath separation is proposed. The method is applied on an array-to-array experimental conguration where both emitter and reception arrays are used. With the array-to-array conguration, the raypaths are characterized by three parameters including arrival direction, departure direction, and arrival time. Furthermore, the performance of the proposed algorithm is illustrated by simulations and experiments. The numerical results based on simulation illustrate that …

Projection Of Sea Surface Temperature Based On Empirical Mode Decomposition And Its Application In Typhoon Number Forecast, Wen-Cheng Huang, Jung-Chen Lee

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The primary objective of this paper is to demonstrate the applicability of empirical mode decomposition (EMD) in projecting non-stationary daily sea surface temperature (SST) series, and the other is to apply the projected series of SST to estimate the number of typhoons. The study focuses on an area ranging from 5°N~25°N and 110°E~170°E, collecting daily sea temperature data and typhoons records within this region. The findings conclusively indicate that the EMD-based data generation method proposed in this paper can effectively addresses the limitations of previous hydrological models in generating non-stationary series, signifying a significant advancement in hydrological time series modeling …

Studies On High Energy Emission Process In Misaligned Active Galaxies, Sanna Gulati

University Departments

No abstract provided.

Neutrosophic Decision Making Model For Investment Portfolios Selection And Optimizing Based On Wide Variety Of Investment Opportunities And Many Criteria In Market, Ayman H. Abdel-Aziem, Hoda K. Mohamed, Ahmed Abdelhafeez

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Investment portfolio selection is a difficult subject due to the presence of competing factors. Choosing a portfolio for one's investments is a major choice that may have far-reaching effects on one's financial well-being. Risk tolerance, time horizon, investing objectives, asset allocation, and investment selection are only a few of the factors that will be studied in this article. The Stable Preference Ordering Towards Ideal Solution (SPOTIS) technique is the basis for our proposed integrated multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model. This paper used the single-valued neutrosophic set as a framework to deal with uncertain data. The purpose of the suggested SPOTIS–Neutrosophic model …

Effects Of Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange On Protein Stability In Solution And In The Gas Phase, Yousef Haidar, Lars Konermann

Chemistry Publications

Mass spectrometry (MS)-based techniques are widely used for probing protein structure and dynamics in solution. H/D exchange (HDX)-MS is one of the most common approaches in this context. HDX is often considered to be a “benign” labeling method, in that it does not perturb protein behavior in solution. However, several studies have reported that D₂O pushes unfolding equilibria toward the native state. The origin, and even the existence of this protein stabilization remain controversial. Here we conducted thermal unfolding assays in solution to confirm that deuterated proteins in D₂O are more stable, with 2 – 4 …

Search For Low-Mass Dark Matter Via Bremsstrahlung Radiation And The Migdal Effect In Supercdms, M. F. Albakry, I. Alkhatib, D. Alonso-González, D. W. P. Amaral, T. Aralis, T. Aramaki, I. J. Arnquist, I. Ataee Langroudy, E. Azadbakht, S. Banik, C. Bathurst, R. Bhattacharyya, P. L. Brink, R. Bunker, B. Cabrera, R. Calkins, R. A. Cameron, C. Cartaro, D. G. Cerdeño, Y. -Y. Chang, M. Chaudhuri, R. Chen, N. Chott, J. Cooley, H. Coombes, J. Corbett, P. Cushman, S. Das, F. De Brienne, M. Rios, S. Dharani, M. L. Di Vacri, M. D. Diamond, M. Elwan, E. Fascione, E. Figueroa-Feliciano, C. W. Fink, K. Fouts, M. Fritts, G. Gerbier, R. Germond, M. Ghaith, S. R. Golwala, J. Hall, N. Hassan, B. A. Hines, Z. Hong, E. W. Hoppe, L. Hsu, M. E. Huber, V. Iyer, D. Jardin, V. K. S. Kashyap, M. H. Kelsey, A. Kubik, N. A. Kurinsky, M. Lee, A. Li, M. Litke, J. Liu, Y. Liu, B. Loer, E. Lopez Asamar, P. Lukens, D. B. Macfarlane, R. Mahapatra, J. S. Mammo, N. Mast, A. J. Mayer, H. Meyer Zu Theenhausen, É. Michaud, E. Michielin, N. Mirabolfathi, B. Mohanty, J. Nelson, H. Neog, V. Novati, J. L. Orrell, M. D. Osborne, S. M. Oser, W. A. Page, L. Pandey, S. Pandey, R. Partridge, D. S. Pedreros, L. Perna, R. Podviianiuk, F. Ponce, S. Poudel, A. Pradeep, M. Pyle, W. Rau, E. Reid, R. Ren, T. Reynolds, A. Roberts, A. E. Robinson, T. Saab, D. Sadek, B. Sadoulet, I. Saikia, J. Sander, A. Sattari, B. Schmidt, R. W. Schnee, S. Scorza, B. Serfass, S. S. Poudel, D. J. Sincavage, P. Sinervo, J. Street, H. Sun, G. D. Terry, F. K. Thasrawala, D. Toback, R. Underwood, S. Verma, A. N. Villano, B. Von Krosigk, S. L. Watkins, O. Wen, Z. Williams, M. J. Wilson, J. Winchell, C. -P. Wu, K. Wykoff, S. Yellin, Betty A. Young, T. C. Yu, B. Zatschler, S. Zatschler, A. Zaytsev, E. Zhang, L. Zheng, A. Zuniga

Physics

We present a new analysis of previously published SuperCDMS data using a profile likelihood framework to search for sub-GeV dark matter (DM) particles through two inelastic scattering channels: bremsstrahlung radiation and the Migdal effect. By considering these possible inelastic scattering channels, experimental sensitivity can be extended to DM masses that are undetectable through the DM-nucleon elastic scattering channel, given the energy threshold of current experiments. We exclude DM masses down to 220  MeV/𝑐² at 2.7×10−30  cm² via the bremsstrahlung channel. The Migdal channel search provides overall considerably more stringent limits and excludes DM masses down to 30  MeV/𝑐 …

Impact Of Soil Amelioration On Weed Ecology And Control, Catherine Borger, Arslan Peerzada Dr, Gaus Azam Dr

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

The project focussed on three main findings from the literature review:

1. Weed ecology in response to changes in soil characteristics.
2. Soil movement and weed seed burial following use of varying strategic tillage implements; and
3. Management of weeds in the years directly after amelioration.

The work highlighted that weed growth was either less impacted by changes to soil properties than crop growth, or weed growth and competitive ability were favoured by the same amelioration techniques that favour crop growth. Following amelioration, improved growth of competitive weed species needs to be considered in weed management plans.

Research was conducted on weed seed …

On The Use Of Wireless Technologies For Wildlife Monitoring: Wireless Sensor Network Routing Protocols, Lilian Mutalemwa

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Traditional methods for wildlife monitoring are labor-intensive and time-consuming. Therefore, advanced technologies and remote monitoring methods are becoming increasingly popular. This paper presents a study on wireless technologies for wildlife monitoring. In the study, a review of the literature was done to identify the most commonly used wireless technologies. Various technologies were explored including unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), Internet of Things (IoT), wireless sensor networks (WSNs), artificial intelligence (AI), global positioning system (GPS), and very high frequency (VHF) radio. Then, a more detailed study was done on WSN technology. Investigations were done to observe the performance of routing protocols in …

Special Case Of Partial Fraction Expansion With Laplace Transform Application, Laurie A. Florio, Ryan D. Hanc

CODEE Journal

Partial fraction expansion is often used with the Laplace Transforms to formulate algebraic expressions for which the inverse Laplace Transform can be easily found. This paper demonstrates a special case for which a linear, constant coefficient, second order ordinary differential equation with no damping term and a harmonic function non-homogeneous term leads to a simplified partial fraction expansion due to the decoupling of the partial fraction expansion coefficients of s and the constant coefficients. Recognizing this special form can allow for quicker calculations and automation of the solution to the differential equation form which is commonly used to model physical …

Optimization Techniques For Machine Learning Inference And Near Memory Image Processing In Hardware For Highly Constrained Iot Edge Nodes, Rajeev Joshi

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The growing demand for fast and energy-efficient hardware for resource-constrained Internet of Things (IoT) edge devices has highlighted the limitations of conventional computing architectures. This research focuses on addressing the demand for fast, optimized, and energy-efficient machine learning inference engines as well as image processing in IoT edge applications. In this work, we address three challenging research problems and devise efficient solutions. Our investigation involved comprehensive exploration and analysis, leading to the proposal of effective approaches for overcoming these demanding issues. Through our work, we contribute novel solutions that offer improved efficiency and effectiveness in handling these research problems.

First, …

Multimodal Assessment Of Human Behavior With Applications In Analysis Of Autism Spectrum Disorder, Sk Rahatul Jannat

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Human behavior analysis is an important application area of artificial intelligence. Usingdata collected from sensors (e.g., cameras), human behavior including, but not limited to, emotions, expressions, body movement, and eye gaze are analyzed. This analysis is useful in applications in diverse fields ranging from healthcare, defense, education, and marketing. Considering this, in this dissertation, we have proposed new approaches to emotion and expression recognition, subject identification, and classification of autism spectrum disorder. More specifically, this dissertation has the following contributions: 1) A new approach for multimodal ubiquitous emotion recognition is proposed; 2) Investigation into the impact of large expression variations …

Flow Generation And Propagation From Headwater Wetlands To Downstream Waters, Leanne Marie Stepchinski

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Headwater wetlands are connected to one another and to downstream waters by dynamic hydrologic flowpaths, functioning as integrated hydrologic networks at the watershed scale. Headwater wetlands perform a variety of hydrologic lag, sink, and source functions, including flow generation and propagation, thereby contributing to the natural flow regimes of downgradient waters. The functions of individual wetlands and their contributions to hydrologic connectivity and subsequently to the natural flow regime have been widely studied and are well understood. Comparatively, the functions and hydrologic connectivity within wetland complexes as a whole and their collective subsequent contributions to the natural flow regime of …

Draft Final Quarterly Operations And Maintenance Report Butte Treatment Lagoon System – First Quarter 2023, Pioneer Technical Services, Inc.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Detection Of Subsidence In West-Central Florida Using Persistent Scatterer Interferometry And Near-Surface Geophysics, Tonian R. Robinson

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation consists of three studies that employ Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI, also known as PSInSAR) to better understand how subsidence in west-central Florida relates to underlying geological processes. In the first study, near-surface geophysical methods (Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Electrical Resistivity (ERT)), terrestrial remote sensing applications (Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and Structure from Motion (SfM)), and PSI were used to monitor the spatial and temporal behaviors of a suspected growing sinkhole in the Sandhill Boyscout Reservation, Hernando County, Florida. The survey area was located within and around a topographic low assumed to be the surface of the …

Assessment Of Spatial Variability Of Groundwater Levels In Moroto District, Uganda, Augustina Clara Alexander Dr

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Globally, the variation of groundwater levels is increasingly overwhelming due to over exploitation resulting from population growth. The dynamic nature of socio-economic activities in Moroto District such as agriculture, settlements and increased trends in irrigation technology has been well-known worldwide as common parameters triggering groundwater variability. Nevertheless, determination of groundwater levels for groundwater management and development purpose is a challenge due to spatial variability in levels across Moroto District. In this study, geostatistical technique in Geographical Information System (GIS) was used to analyze spatial variability of water levels in the study area. The analysis utilized ordinary Kriging method to predict …

Performance Evaluation Of Full Array, Sub-Array And Overlapped Sub-Array Hybrid Beamforming Architectures For Massive Mimo Systems, Godwin Mruma Gadiel

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The technological advancement in wireless communication, promises high data rate for end users. This has led to the possibility of smart cities, inter connected vehicles, and virtual reality applications. One of the recent technologies in wireless communication is massive MIMO where large number of antennas are deployed at the transmitter or receiver. This is possible due to the use of mmWave in wireless communication. With massive MIMO, beamforming technique can be employed in the communication system. Beamforming is the ability of communication system to direct power to the intended users and to cancel power at non-intended users and thus significantly …

Product Costing And Pricing In Small And Medium Enterprises In Tanzania, Cosmas F Kindole

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

metalwork small and medium enterprises located in Dar es Salaam with the aim of establishing methods used by SMEs in Tanzania in setting selling prices of their products. The study was necessitated by the apparent discrepancy of prices for similar products from SMEs. The approach used to gather information was mainly through direct interview and the use of questionnaires. Direct observation and literature review were also used to establish the whole costing and pricing practices in metal manufacturing SMEs. The findings of the study established that product selling practices of the surveyed SMEs were based on instinct and appearance of …

Assessment On Usage Of The Library Website Resources By Students In The Information Studies Programme At The University Of Dar Es Salaam, Hosea N. Mungwabi

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The study investigated students' usage of electronic resources available on the UDSM Library's website. Specifically, the study determined whether information studies students were aware of the electronic resources, how frequently they used them, and whether their demographic characteristics influenced their usage. The study also examined the students' satisfaction with the functional and non functional attributes of the website resources. A mixed-methods research design combining both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods was used. The sample consisted of 118 student respondents who were selected using a stratified random sampling technique. The data were collected through questionnaires and interviews with class representatives …

Fucik Spectrum With Weights And Existence Of Solutions For Nonlinear Elliptic Equations With Nonlinear Boundary Conditions, Nsoki Mavinga, Q. A. Morris, S. B. Robinson

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Works

We consider the boundary value problem −Δu + c(x)u = αm(x)u⁺ − βm(x)u⁻ + f(x,u), x∈Ω, (∂u)/(∂η) + σ(x)u = αρ(x)u⁺ − βρ(x)u⁻ + g(x,u), x∈∂Ω, where (α,β) ∈R2, c, m ∈ L^∞(Ω), σ, ρ ∈ L^∞(∂Ω), and the nonlinearities f and g are bounded …

Exploring High School Students' Concept Mastery Of Work And Energy Topics: A Quantitative Descriptive Study With Insights For Stem Learning, Maharani Karunia Putri, Parno Parno, Nuril Munfaridah, Marlina Ali

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

This quantitative descriptive study investigates the concept mastery of work and energy among high school students, specifically focusing on 105 students from the XI MIPA Laboratory UM High School. The research employs a concept mastery test, adapting Bloom's taxonomy indicators from C2 to C6, comprising 15 reasoned multiple-choice questions with a reliability value of 0.704. Student responses, categorized into No Response (NR), No Understanding (NU), Incorrect Understanding (IU), Partial Understanding (PU), and Sound Understanding (SU), reveal a prevalent mastery level in the category of Incorrect Understanding or partial comprehension of misconceptions. Specifically, NR, NU, IU, PU, and SU categories are …

Exploring The Influence Of Online Inquiry Learning With E-Scaffolding Prompting Question On Problem-Solving Skills In The Work And Energy Topic For Islamic Senior High School Students, Arrika Wifqotu Lailin Nafisah, Supriyono Koes Handayanto, Sunaryono Sunaryono, Chokchai Yuenyong

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

This comprehensive investigation delves into the impact of integrating e-scaffolding prompting questions into online inquiry learning on students' problem-solving skills (PSS). With an explanatory design and a mixed-methods approach, the study focuses on XI-MIPA class students at MAN 1 Kediri City during the academic year 2022-2023. Utilizing meticulously crafted learning instruments, five problem-solving skills questions, and precise interview guidelines, the research employs triangulation through pre-tests, post-tests, and in- depth interviews. Quantitative data undergoes rigorous scrutiny via Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The primary objective is to unveil the discernible influence of online inquiry learning complemented by e-scaffolding on the nuanced domain …

Study Of Scientific Reasoning And Concept Mastery Of Students Through Guided Inquiry Learning Model Assisted By Formative Assessment, Selvina Visbad Saiya, Sentot Kusairi, Sunaryono Sunaryono

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

This study endeavors to assess the impact of guided inquiry learning, complemented by formative assessment, on students’ scientific reasoning (SR) and concept mastery (CM). The research involved 20 students from class XI A at SMA Muhammadiyah 02 Sumberpucung, utilizing questions adapted from the modified Lawson classroom test of scientific reasoning (MLCTSR) to measure SR, and the force concept inventory (FCI) to gauge CM. The instructional focus was Newton’s law of motion. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses were employed for data interpretation. The findings revealed a substantial influence of the guided inquiry learning model on SR, with a d-effect size value …

The Effect Of Online Discovery-Inquiry Learning On Improving Critical Thinking Ability And Concept Mastery In Temperature And Heat Materials, Fildzah Purvita Dewi, Lia Yuliati, Edi Supriana

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

The research endeavors to investigate the impact of implementing discovery-inquiry learning concerning the topic of temperature and heat on the enhancement of students’ critical thinking abilities and concept mastery. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design, employing a pretest-posttest control group framework. A cluster random sampling technique was applied to select the research sample, which comprised 36 students from class XI MIPA 3 (control group) and class XI MIPA 4 (experimental group) at SMA Negeri Rambipuji. The assessment instruments employed were two essay-shaped tests, specifically designed for evaluating critical thinking ability and concept mastery. Data analysis involved the utilization of independent …

Lightweight And Effective Website Fingerprinting Over Encrypted Dns, Yong Shao, Kenneth Hernandez, Kia Yang, Eric Chan-Tin, Mohammed Abuhamad

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

The DNS over HTTPS (DoH) protocol is implemented to improve the original DNS protocol that uses unencrypted DNS queries and responses. With the DNS traffic, an eavesdropper can easily identify websites that a user is visiting. In order to address this concern of web privacy, encryption is used by performing a DNS lookup over HTTPS. In this paper, we studied whether the encrypted DoH traffic could be exploited to identify websites that a user has visited. This is a different type of website fingerprinting by analyzing encrypted DNS network traffic rather than the network traffic between the client and the …

Utilization Of Palm Waste Charcoal Briquettes (Abls) As Thematic-Based Integrated Science Learning Materials For Middle School Students, Sausan Fatin Nurazizah, Rendy Wikrama Wardana, Bhakti Karyadi, Henny Johan, Deni Parlindungan, Fitri Mulyani, Lasriani Lasriani

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

This investigation was conducted with the objective of evaluating the efficacy of ABLS ignition and formulating instructional materials for junior high school science education through the integration of e-booklets containing thematic-based science content. The research design employed herein adheres to the principles of experimentation and model development, falling under the category of Research and Development (R&D). The experimental cohort was stratified into three groups denoted as A1 (70% shell charcoal: 30% bunch charcoal), A2 (50% shell charcoal: 50% bunch charcoal), and A3 (30% shell charcoal: 70% bunch charcoal). The development of science learning materials was realized through integration with cobwebs, …

Chlorate Levels In Dairy Products Produced And Consumed In Ireland, Lorna Twomey, Ambrose Furey, Bernadette O'Brien, Tom P. Beresford, Paula Reid, Martin Danaher, Mary Moloney, David Glleeson

Physical Sciences Publications

In recent years, chlorate has become a residue of concern internationally, due to the risk that it poses to thyroid gland function. However, little is known about its occurrence in dairy products of Irish origin. To address this, a study was conducted in which samples of milk (n = 317), cream (n = 199), butter (n = 178), cheese (n = 144) and yoghurt (n = 440) were collected from grocery stores in the Republic of Ireland. Sampling was conducted across spring, summer, autumn and winter of 2021. Samples from multiple manufacturers of each respective dairy product were procured and …

Neutrosophic Decision Making Model For Investment Portfolios Selection And Optimizing Based On Wide Variety Of Investment Opportunities And Many Criteria In Market, Ayman H. Abdel-Aziem, Hoda K. Mohamed, Ahmed Abdelhafeez

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Investment portfolio selection is a difficult subject due to the presence of competing factors. Choosing a portfolio for one's investments is a major choice that may have far-reaching effects on one's financial well-being. Risk tolerance, time horizon, investing objectives, asset allocation, and investment selection are only a few of the factors that will be studied in this article. The Stable Preference Ordering Towards Ideal Solution (SPOTIS) technique is the basis for our proposed integrated multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model. This paper used the single-valued neutrosophic set as a framework to deal with uncertain data. The purpose of the suggested SPOTIS–Neutrosophic model …

Deep Learning Model Compression Techniques: Advances, Opportunities, And Perspective, Hubert Msuya

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Recently, deep learning (DL) models have excelled in a wide range of fields. All of these successes are built on intricate DL models. The hundreds of millions or even billions of parameters and high-performance computing graphical processing units or tensor processing units are largely responsible for their achievement. DL model integration into real-time devices with tight latency limitations, limited memory, and power-constrained requirements is the key driving force behind investigation of DL model compression techniques. Also, there is an increase in data availability that encourages multimodal fusion in DL models to boost the models' predictive accuracy. In order to create …

Path Of Trust: An Off-Chain Performance Enhancement Algorithm For Public Blockchains, Anthony Kigombola

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Blockchain technology is one among the latest innovations in computing industry. Blockchains have gathered widespread interest in the industry due to their potential as secure data storage. Despite the potential benefits of blockchains, there are several limitations which hinders mass deployment, one of these limitations being low throughput. Low throughput has limited blockchain adoption in large scale applications such as banking or mobile payments. This study addresses this limitation through development of a performance enhancement algorithm called Path of Trust (PoT). PoT uses off-chain stratergy in which transactions meeting certain criteria bypass the main chain and sent direct to the …