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Articles 38161 - 38190 of 294391

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Analyzing The Ramifications Of Climate Change On Mental Health, Salvatore A. Medori Oct 2023

Analyzing The Ramifications Of Climate Change On Mental Health, Salvatore A. Medori

Student Publications

When thinking about the vast array of impacts that the climate crisis has on humanity, there are many things that come to mind, but mental health impacts are likely not one of them. Even though research demonstrates that mental effects from any form of disaster far exceed the physical health implications mental health impacts of the largest disaster facing humanity since the Second World War are rarely considered at all, let alone when solutions are being created. This has led to a hidden crisis emerging underneath an even larger crisis, with serious consequences for most individuals across the globe. The …

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The Carbon Footprint Of Tourist Transportation In Gettysburg National Military Park, Charlie T. Cross, Justin P. Sawina Oct 2023

The Carbon Footprint Of Tourist Transportation In Gettysburg National Military Park, Charlie T. Cross, Justin P. Sawina

Student Publications

National Parks have a contradictory mandate to preserve the environment while providing resources for recreation. We studied the emissions of Gettysburg National Military Park (GNMP), specifically: What are the annual and per capita emissions caused by the various forms of transportation within the park? How does the annual and per capita emissions of GNMP compare with other national parks? To study this we compiled visitor statistics from the National Parks Service of vehicle and visitor count. We then observed 165 vehicles at Pickett’s Charge to find a breakdown of tourist vehicle types. These proportions were then used to find the …

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Clean Water Saves Lives: Improving Clean Water Access In Yeakpee Town, Liberia, Mishael F. Ohanwadi Oct 2023

Clean Water Saves Lives: Improving Clean Water Access In Yeakpee Town, Liberia, Mishael F. Ohanwadi

Student Publications

Civil unrest in Liberia, a West Coast African nation, has caused the destruction of essential infrastructure, particularly water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) systems. As a result, there is a high reliance on unsafe water sources and prevalence of waterborne diseases and health issues, particularly in the Yeakpee Town Community. Inadequate funding has hindered progress, and there are connections between gender inequalities and limited access to clean water. The Clean Water Save Lives project, launched in 2020, aimed to provide sustainable access to clean water in Yeakpee Town community by constructing a water pump with a filtration system. The project aimed …

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Roadway Characteristics And Car Accident Trends In Gettysburg, Pa, Max Smith, Jake H. Kennell, Russell H. Canova Oct 2023

Roadway Characteristics And Car Accident Trends In Gettysburg, Pa, Max Smith, Jake H. Kennell, Russell H. Canova

Student Publications

This study addresses the rising motor vehicle accident and fatality rates in the United States (Moore, 2023). Focusing on the conditions in the Gettysburg Borough in an attempt to answer the following research questions: Are age of driver, weather conditions of car accidents, and traffic volume contributing to accidents in the Gettysburg Borough? What are the roadway characteristics of accident hot spot areas within the Gettysburg Borough? Utilizing Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) crash data from 2018 to 2022 and PennDot Average Annual Daily Traffic data, this study employs a comprehensive approach. Combining GIS analysis and statistical analysis to determine …

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Garma, Har And Rules Of Thumb For Modelling Realized Volatility, David E. Allen, Shelton Peiris Oct 2023

Garma, Har And Rules Of Thumb For Modelling Realized Volatility, David E. Allen, Shelton Peiris

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This paper features an analysis of the relative effectiveness, in terms of the Adjusted R-Square, of a variety of methods of modelling realized volatility (RV), namely the use of Gegenbauer processes in Auto-Regressive Moving Average format, GARMA, as opposed to Heterogenous Auto-Regressive HAR models and simple rules of thumb. The analysis is applied to two data sets that feature the RV of the S&P500 index, as sampled at 5 min intervals, provided by the OxfordMan RV database. The GARMA model does perform slightly better than the HAR model, but both models are matched by a simple rule of thumb regression …

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Physical-Vapor-Deposited Metal Oxide Thin Films For Ph Sensing Applications: Last Decade Of Research Progress, Mohammad Nur-E-Alam, Devendra K. Maurya, Boon K. Yap, Armin Rajabi, Camellia Doroody, Hassan B. Mohamed, Mayeen U. Khandaker, Mohammad A. Islam, Sieh K. Tiong Oct 2023

Physical-Vapor-Deposited Metal Oxide Thin Films For Ph Sensing Applications: Last Decade Of Research Progress, Mohammad Nur-E-Alam, Devendra K. Maurya, Boon K. Yap, Armin Rajabi, Camellia Doroody, Hassan B. Mohamed, Mayeen U. Khandaker, Mohammad A. Islam, Sieh K. Tiong

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

In the last several decades, metal oxide thin films have attracted significant attention for the development of various existing and emerging technological applications, including pH sensors. The mandate for consistent and precise pH sensing techniques has been increasing across various fields, including environmental monitoring, biotechnology, food and agricultural industries, and medical diagnostics. Metal oxide thin films grown using physical vapor deposition (PVD) with precise control over film thickness, composition, and morphology are beneficial for pH sensing applications such as enhancing pH sensitivity and stability, quicker response, repeatability, and compatibility with miniaturization. Various PVD techniques, including sputtering, evaporation, and ion beam …

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Structure-Aware Image Translation-Based Long Future Prediction For Enhancement Of Ground Robotic Vehicle Teleoperation, Md Moniruzzaman, Alexander Rassau, Douglas Chai, Syed M. S. Islam Oct 2023

Structure-Aware Image Translation-Based Long Future Prediction For Enhancement Of Ground Robotic Vehicle Teleoperation, Md Moniruzzaman, Alexander Rassau, Douglas Chai, Syed M. S. Islam

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Predicting future frames through image-to-image translation and using these synthetically generated frames for high-speed ground vehicle teleoperation is a new concept to address latency and enhance operational performance. In the immediate previous work, the image quality of the predicted frames was low and a lot of scene detail was lost. To preserve the structural details of objects and improve overall image quality in the predicted frames, several novel ideas are proposed herein. A filter has been designed to remove noise from dense optical flow components resulting from frame rate inconsistencies. The Pix2Pix base network has been modified and a structure-aware …

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Convergence Analysis Of Leapfrog For Geodesics, Erchuan Zhang, Lyle Noakes Oct 2023

Convergence Analysis Of Leapfrog For Geodesics, Erchuan Zhang, Lyle Noakes

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Geodesics are of fundamental interest in mathematics, physics, computer science, and many other subjects. The so-called leapfrog algorithm was proposed in [L. Noakes, J. Aust. Math. Soc., 65 (1998), pp. 37-50] (but not named there as such) to find geodesics joining two given points x0 and x1 on a path-connected complete Riemannian manifold. The basic idea is to choose some junctions between x0 and x1 that can be joined by geodesics locally and then adjust these junctions. It was proved that the sequence of piecewise geodesics { k}k ≥ 1 generated by this algorithm converges to a geodesic joining x0 …

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Crop Tree Management, Jim Frohn Oct 2023

Crop Tree Management, Jim Frohn

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

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Conformational Landscapes Of Symmetrically Fluorine-Substituted Benzoic Acids Ii: Calculations And Measurements For The Rotational Spectrum And Structure Of 3,4,5-Trifluorobenzoic Acid, Jingling Hong, Alitza Gracia, Savannah Romero, Mingfei Zhou, Wei Lin, Weixing Li Oct 2023

Conformational Landscapes Of Symmetrically Fluorine-Substituted Benzoic Acids Ii: Calculations And Measurements For The Rotational Spectrum And Structure Of 3,4,5-Trifluorobenzoic Acid, Jingling Hong, Alitza Gracia, Savannah Romero, Mingfei Zhou, Wei Lin, Weixing Li

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

Calculations on the structure of 3,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid were made using the Gaussian 16 program. The potential energy surfaces were scanned along CCCO and OCOH dihedral angles at the B3LYP/6-311G level to analyze its conformational landscape. Two conformations were identified and reoptimized at the B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ level. The result indicates that 3,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid prefers a planar structure in its global minimum conformation. The pure rotational spectra of 3,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid were measured in the frequency range of 6 – 12.5 GHz using a chirped pulse Fourier transform microwave (CP-FTMW) spectrometer. The spectra of the parent, seven 13C, and one deuterium singly substituted isotopologues …

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A Review On Antibacterial Activity Of Nanoparticles, Badr-Edine Sadoq, Mohammed Reda Britel, Adel Bouajaj, Ramzi Maâlej, Ahmed Touhami, Marwa Abid, Hanen Douiri, Fakhita Touhami, Amal Maurady Oct 2023

A Review On Antibacterial Activity Of Nanoparticles, Badr-Edine Sadoq, Mohammed Reda Britel, Adel Bouajaj, Ramzi Maâlej, Ahmed Touhami, Marwa Abid, Hanen Douiri, Fakhita Touhami, Amal Maurady

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

The increasing resistance of bacteria to antibiotic agents is a main global public health problem. The use of nanoparticles is one of the promising ways to overcome microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents. Metal nanoparticles are increasingly used to target bacterial strains. Advances in nanotechnology, in particular the ability to synthesize nanoparticles of specific size and shape, are likely to lead to the development of new antibacterial agents. The antibacterial activities of nanoparticles are largely influenced by their sizes and large surface area/mass ratio. The antibacterial mechanisms of nanoparticles are poorly understood, but the currently accepted mechanisms include oxidative stress induction, …

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Rubin Observatory Lsst Transients And Variable Stars Roadmap, Kelly M. Hambleton, Federica B. Bianco, Rachel Street, Keaton Bell, David Buckley, Melissa Graham, Nina Hernitschek, Michael B. Lund, Elena Mason, Liliana Rivera Sandoval Oct 2023

Rubin Observatory Lsst Transients And Variable Stars Roadmap, Kelly M. Hambleton, Federica B. Bianco, Rachel Street, Keaton Bell, David Buckley, Melissa Graham, Nina Hernitschek, Michael B. Lund, Elena Mason, Liliana Rivera Sandoval

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

The Vera C. Rubin Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) holds the potential to revolutionize time domain astrophysics, reaching completely unexplored areas of the Universe and mapping variability time scales from minutes to a decade. To prepare to maximize the potential of the Rubin LSST data for the exploration of the transient and variable Universe, one of the four pillars of Rubin LSST science, the Transient and Variable Stars Science Collaboration, one of the eight Rubin LSST Science Collaborations, has identified research areas of interest and requirements, and paths to enable them. While our roadmap is ever-evolving, this document …

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Oscars Vs. Ozone: The Motion Picture Industry’S Impact On Climate Change And What They Are Doing About It, Alexis J. Simpson Oct 2023

Oscars Vs. Ozone: The Motion Picture Industry’S Impact On Climate Change And What They Are Doing About It, Alexis J. Simpson

Senior Theses

This thesis focuses on demonstrating that the motion picture industry, which includes film and television production (and thus will also be called ‘the film and television industry’), has notably contributed to the global effects of climate change. Such contributions can stem from the industry’s emissions and waste, with examples including travel for cast and crew, energy use for production equipment (some of which run on diesel), and disposable physical sets and costumes. The intention here is to give an accurate picture of current production practices and share examples of progress in the industry that are combating the negative impacts of …

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A Prescription For Deceit: Pharmaceutical Frauds’ Dangerous Side Effects, Calvin Mcmurtrey Oct 2023

A Prescription For Deceit: Pharmaceutical Frauds’ Dangerous Side Effects, Calvin Mcmurtrey

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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Is Fair Triage Possible?: Navigating The Complexities Of Triage In Healthcare Crises, Caleb Rader Oct 2023

Is Fair Triage Possible?: Navigating The Complexities Of Triage In Healthcare Crises, Caleb Rader

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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A New Key To Sustainable Farming: A New Wave Of Pesticides Has The Potential To Change Farming, Michael E. Harvey Oct 2023

A New Key To Sustainable Farming: A New Wave Of Pesticides Has The Potential To Change Farming, Michael E. Harvey

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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Green Promise Or Environmental Threat?: Corn Ethanol’S Positive And Negative Effects, Sydney Rosensaft Oct 2023

Green Promise Or Environmental Threat?: Corn Ethanol’S Positive And Negative Effects, Sydney Rosensaft

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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Featured Artist: Sara Fields, Sara Fields Oct 2023

Featured Artist: Sara Fields, Sara Fields

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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Call For Submissions Oct 2023

Call For Submissions

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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The Celestial Standoff, Timo Nurmi Oct 2023

The Celestial Standoff, Timo Nurmi

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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Implanting The Future At Your Fingertips: The Epitome Of Advancements In Bio Wearables, Jungsuk Lee Oct 2023

Implanting The Future At Your Fingertips: The Epitome Of Advancements In Bio Wearables, Jungsuk Lee

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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Considering Equity In Infrastructure Planning Processes And Outcomes For Coastal Resilience, Wie Yusuf, Marina Saitgalina, Tom Allen, Nicole S. Hutton, Jennifer L. Whytlaw, Joshua Behr Oct 2023

Considering Equity In Infrastructure Planning Processes And Outcomes For Coastal Resilience, Wie Yusuf, Marina Saitgalina, Tom Allen, Nicole S. Hutton, Jennifer L. Whytlaw, Joshua Behr

School of Public Service Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Evolving Availability And Standardization Of Patient Attributes For Matching, Elmer V Bernstam, Theresa Cullen, Ramkiran Gouripeddi, Christopher Harle, David F Hesse, Jacob Kean, John Lee, Tanja Magoc, Daniella Meeker, Toan Ong, Jyotishman Pathak, Marc Rosenman, Laura K Rusie, Akash J Shah, Lizheng Shi, Aaron Thomas, William E Trick, Shaun Grannis, Abel Kho Oct 2023

Evolving Availability And Standardization Of Patient Attributes For Matching, Elmer V Bernstam, Theresa Cullen, Ramkiran Gouripeddi, Christopher Harle, David F Hesse, Jacob Kean, John Lee, Tanja Magoc, Daniella Meeker, Toan Ong, Jyotishman Pathak, Marc Rosenman, Laura K Rusie, Akash J Shah, Lizheng Shi, Aaron Thomas, William E Trick, Shaun Grannis, Abel Kho

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Variation in availability, format, and standardization of patient attributes across health care organizations impacts patient-matching performance. We report on the changing nature of patient-matching features available from 2010-2020 across diverse care settings. We asked 38 health care provider organizations about their current patient attribute data-collection practices. All sites collected name, date of birth (DOB), address, and phone number. Name, DOB, current address, social security number (SSN), sex, and phone number were most commonly used for cross-provider patient matching. Electronic health record queries for a subset of 20 participating sites revealed that DOB, first name, last name, city, and postal codes …

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Biopsychosocial Resilience Through A Complex Adaptive Systems Lens: A Narrative Review Of Nonlinear Modeling Approaches, Adam W. Kiefer, David Pincus Oct 2023

Biopsychosocial Resilience Through A Complex Adaptive Systems Lens: A Narrative Review Of Nonlinear Modeling Approaches, Adam W. Kiefer, David Pincus

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Human resilience is often considered as static traits using a reductionist approach. More recent work has demonstrated it to be a dynamic and emergent property of complex systems. This narrative review explores human resilience through a self-organizing framework with a specific emphasis on the application of nonlinear modeling approaches. Four classes of approaches are examined: univariate dynamics, bivariate coupling, topological modeling, and network modeling. Univariate dynamics capture the temporal structure and flexibility within a single time series, while bivariate coupling approaches quantify the interaction dynamics and coordination between two time series. Topological modeling identifies bifurcations and attractor dynamics as signals …

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Discoverpath: A Knowledge Refinement And Retrieval System For Interdisciplinarity On Biomedical Research, Daochen Zha, Ruixiang Tang, Fan Yang, Alfredo Costilla Reyes, Kaixiong Zhou, Xiaoqian Jiang, Xia Hu Oct 2023

Discoverpath: A Knowledge Refinement And Retrieval System For Interdisciplinarity On Biomedical Research, Daochen Zha, Ruixiang Tang, Fan Yang, Alfredo Costilla Reyes, Kaixiong Zhou, Xiaoqian Jiang, Xia Hu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The exponential growth in scholarly publications necessitates advanced tools for efficient article retrieval, especially in interdisciplinary fields where diverse terminologies are used to describe similar research. Traditional keyword-based search engines often fall short in assisting users who may not be familiar with specific terminologies. To address this, we present a knowledge graph based paper search engine for biomedical research to enhance the user experience in discovering relevant queries and articles. The system, dubbed DiscoverPath, employs Named Entity Recognition (NER) and part-of-speech (POS) tagging to extract terminologies and relationships from article abstracts to create a KG. To reduce information overload, DiscoverPath …

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Machine Learning Approach To Activity Categorization In Young Adults Using Biomechanical Metrics, Nathan Q. C. Holland Oct 2023

Machine Learning Approach To Activity Categorization In Young Adults Using Biomechanical Metrics, Nathan Q. C. Holland

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Inactive adults often have decreased musculoskeletal health and increased risk factors for chronic diseases. However, there is limited data linking biomechanical measurements of generally healthy young adults to their physical activity levels assessed through questionnaires. Commonly used data collection methods in biomechanics for assessing musculoskeletal health include but are not limited to muscle quality (measured as echo intensity when using ultrasound), isokinetic (i.e., dynamic) muscle strength, muscle activations, and functional movement assessments using motion capture systems. These assessments can be time consuming for both data collection and processing. Therefore, understanding if all biomechanical assessments are necessary to classify the activity …

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Deep-Learning-Based Classification Of Digitally Modulated Signals, John A. Snoap Oct 2023

Deep-Learning-Based Classification Of Digitally Modulated Signals, John A. Snoap

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation presents several novel deep-learning (DL)-based approaches for classifying digitally modulated signals, one method of which involves the use of capsule networks (CAPs) together with cyclic cumulant (CC) features of the signals. These were blindly estimated using cyclostationary signal processing (CSP) and were then input into the CAP for training and classification. The classification performance and the generalization abilities of the proposed approach were tested using two distinct datasets that contained the same types of digitally modulated signals but had distinct generation parameters. The results showed that the classification of digitally modulated signals using CAPs and CCs proposed in …

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A New Method To Determine The Posterior Distribution Of Coefficient Alpha, John Mart V. Delosreyes Oct 2023

A New Method To Determine The Posterior Distribution Of Coefficient Alpha, John Mart V. Delosreyes

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

There is a focus within the behavioral/social sciences on non-physical, psychological constructs (i.e., constructs). These constructs are indirectly measured using measurement instruments that consist of questions that capture the manifestations of these constructs. The indirect nature of measuring constructs results in a need of ensuring that measurement instruments are reliable. The most popular statistic used to estimate reliability is coefficient alpha as it is easy to compute and has properties that make it desirable to use. Coefficient alpha’s popularity has resulted in a wide breadth of research into its qualities. Notably, research about coefficient alpha’s distribution has led to developments …

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Interferometry Of Efimov States In Thermal Gases By Modulated Magnetic Fields, G. Bougas, Simeon I. Mistakidis, P. Schmelcher, C. H. Greene, P. Giannakeas Oct 2023

Interferometry Of Efimov States In Thermal Gases By Modulated Magnetic Fields, G. Bougas, Simeon I. Mistakidis, P. Schmelcher, C. H. Greene, P. Giannakeas

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We Demonstrate That An Interferometer Based On Modulated Magnetic Field Pulses Enables Precise Characterization Of The Energies And Lifetimes Of Efimov Trimers Irrespective Of The Magnitude And Sign Of The Interactions In Rb85 Thermal Gases. Despite Thermal Effects, Interference Fringes Develop When The Dark Time Between The Pulses Is Varied. This Enables The Selective Excitation Of Coherent Superpositions Of Trimer, Dimer, And Free-Atom States. The Interference Patterns Possess Two Distinct Damping Timescales At Short And Long Dark Times That Are Either Equal To Or Twice As Long As The Lifetime Of Efimov Trimers, Respectively. Specifically, This Behavior At Long Dark …

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Affine Image Registration Of Arterial Spin Labeling Mri Using Deep Learning Networks, Zongpai Zhang, Huiyuan Yang, Yanchen Guo, Nicolas R. Bolo, Matcheri Keshavan, Eve Derosa, Adam K. Anderson, David C. Alsop, Lijun Yin, Weiying Dai Oct 2023

Affine Image Registration Of Arterial Spin Labeling Mri Using Deep Learning Networks, Zongpai Zhang, Huiyuan Yang, Yanchen Guo, Nicolas R. Bolo, Matcheri Keshavan, Eve Derosa, Adam K. Anderson, David C. Alsop, Lijun Yin, Weiying Dai

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have demonstrated good accuracy and speed in spatially registering high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) images. However, some functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) images, e.g., those acquired from arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion fMRI, are of intrinsically low SNR and therefore the quality of registering ASL images using CNN is not clear. In this work, we aimed to explore the feasibility of a CNN-based affine registration network (ARN) for registration of low-SNR three-dimensional ASL perfusion image time series and compare its performance with that from the state-of-the-art statistical parametric mapping (SPM) algorithm. The …

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