Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Infrastructure As Code For Cybersecurity Training, Rui Pinto, Rolando Martins, Carlos Novo

Journal of Cybersecurity Education, Research and Practice

An organization's infrastructure rests upon the premise that cybersecurity professionals have specific knowledge in administrating and protecting it against outside threats. Without this expertise, sensitive information could be leaked to malicious actors and cause damage to critical systems. These attacks tend to become increasingly specialized, meaning cybersecurity professionals must ensure proficiency in specific areas. Naturally, recommendations include creating advanced practical training scenarios considering realistic situations to help trainees gain detailed knowledge. However, the caveats of high-cost infrastructure and difficulties in the deployment process of this kind of system, primarily due to the manual process of pre-configuring software needed for the …

Building The Operational Technology (Ot) Cybersecurity Workforce: What Are Employers Looking For?, Christopher A. Ramezan, Paul M. Coffy, Jared Lemons

Journal of Cybersecurity Education, Research and Practice

A trained workforce is needed to protect operational technology (OT) and industrial control systems (ICS) within national critical infrastructure and critical industries. However, what knowledge, skills, and credentials are employers looking for in OT cybersecurity professionals? To best train the next generation of OT cybersecurity professionals, an understanding of current OT cybersecurity position requirements is needed. Thus, this work analyzes 100 OT cybersecurity positions to provide insights on key prerequisite requirements such as prior professional experience, education, industry certifications, security clearances, programming expertise, soft verbal and written communication skills, knowledge of OT frameworks, standards, and network communication protocols, and position …

Evocative And Provocative Image-Making In The Age Of Generative Ai, Julian Kilker

Tradition Innovations in Arts, Design, and Media Higher Education

Editorial for inaugural AI-focused special issue of Tradition-Innovations in Arts, Design, and Media Higher Education, published under the auspices of the Alliance for the Arts in Research Universities (a2ru). Discusses three articles by five authors in this issue: (1) Choreographing Shadows: Interdisciplinary collaboration to orchestrate ethical image-making by Mark Burchick and Diana Pasulka; (2) Giving Up Control: Hybrid AI-augmented workflows for image-making by Joshua Vermillion; and (3) Hands are Hard: Unlearning how we talk about machine learning in the arts by Adam Hyland and Oscar Keyes.

Editing this special issue explored several key questions: What does “innovation” mean when …

10.16.2023 Orsp Connect, Liz Williamson

ORED Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Homonuclear Ultracold Elastic S-Wave Collisions Of Alkali-Metal Atoms Via Multichannel Quantum Defect Theory, Alyson T. Laskowski, Nirav P. Mehta

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Research

Multichannel quantum-defect theory (MQDT) provides a powerful toolkit for describing and understanding collisions of cold alkali-metal atoms. Various MQDT approximations differ primarily in how they characterize the so-called short-ranged K matrix K_sr, which encapsulates the short-ranged physics into a handful of low-energy parameters that exhibit simple and smooth dependence on energy and field. Here, we compare three different methods for computing K_sr for homonuclear collisions of alkali-metal atoms, from lithium to cesium. The MQDT calculations are benchmarked against numerically converged coupled-channels calculations that use a log-derivative propagator out to the asymptotic region. We study how well these …

Interactions Of Lewis Acids And Carbonyls In The Presence Of Ligands Or Additives: How Solution Behavior Differs And The Implication On Catalytic Systems, Sophi Rose Todtz

Dissertations

Lewis acids have proven extremely valuable to the field of organic synthesis. Their diverse application in reactions of carbonyl-containing substrates has caused a multitude of efforts towards characterization of solution interactions between Lewis bases and Lewis acids. Though Lewis initially described a 1:1 interaction between one acid and one base, our lab has previously employed in-situ IR spectroscopy to characterize 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1 solution structures under catalytic conditions. These insights have played a critical role in our understanding of catalyst behavior in carbonyl-containing systems, allowing us to describe byproduct inhibition in the carbonyl-olefin metathesis mechanism. The research presented in …

Jwst-Tst Dreams: Quartz Clouds In The Atmosphere Of Wasp-17b, David Grant, Nikole K. Lewis, Hannah R. Wakeford, Natasha E. Batalha, Ana Glidden, Jayesh Goyal, Elijah Mullens, Ryan J. Macdonald, Erin M. May, Sara Seager, Kevin B. Stevenson, Jeff A. Valenti, Channon Visscher, Lili Alderson, Natalie H. Allen, Caleb I. Canas, Knicole Colon, Mark Clampin, Nestor Espinoza, Amelie Gressier, Jingcheng Huang, Zifan Lin, Douglas Long, Dana R. Louie, Maria Pena-Guerrero, Sukrit Ranjan, Kristin S. Sotzen, Daniel Valentine, Jay Anderson, William O. Balmer, Andrea Bellini, Kielan K. W. Hoch, Jens Kammerer, Mattia Libralato, C. Matt Mountain, Marshall D. Perrin, Laurent Pueyo, Emily Rickman, Isabel Rebollido, Sangmo Tony Sohn, Roeland P. Van Der Marel, Laura L. Watkins

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

Clouds are prevalent in many of the exoplanet atmospheres that have been observed to date. For transiting exoplanets, we know if clouds are present because they mute spectral features and cause wavelength-dependent scattering. While the exact composition of these clouds is largely unknown, this information is vital to understanding the chemistry and energy budget of planetary atmospheres. In this work, we observe one transit of the hot Jupiter WASP-17b with JWST's Mid-Infrared Instrument Low Resolution Spectrometer and generate a transmission spectrum from 5 to 12 μm. These wavelengths allow us to probe absorption due to the vibrational modes of …

Draft Final 2022 Insufficiently Reclaimed Sites Sampling Bres No. 08 – Belle Of Butte Site Evaluation Summary Report, Pioneer Technical Services, Inc.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Leading K-12 Community Responsiveness To Cyber Threats Via Education Of School Community, Michele Kielty, A. Renee Staton

Journal of Cybersecurity Education, Research and Practice

Cyber threats have escalated in recent years. Many of these threats have been direct and vicious attacks on K-12 systems. Educators are rarely trained on how to address cyber threats from a systemic and educational perspective when such challenges arise in their school buildings. This article explains the cyber threats that are looming large for K-12 systems and provides concrete tools for school leaders to employ in order to provide preventive education to their school communities.

Poster: No Fly-Zone: Drone Policies For Ensuring Safe Operations In Restricted Areas, Arturo Gonzalez, Amani Davidson, Carlos Rubio-Medrano

Computer Science Faculty Publications

As the use of drones continues to proliferate across various industries, ensuring their safe and secure operation becomes increasingly important. This abstract explores the techniques and strategies employed for drone identification and communication, aiming to enhance safety, security, and compliance. The paper highlights the significance of reliable drone recognition methods and effective communication protocols between drones and relevant parties. Specifically, it emphasizes the need for drones to adapt to restrictions, follow protocols, and communicate information in designated zones. Furthermore, the abstract emphasizes the importance of strict adherence to no-fly rules, precise identification of restricted airspace, and the establishment of robust …

The Public's Perception Of An Earthquake Early Warning System: A Study On Factors Influencing Continuance Intention, Marion Lara L. Tan, Lauren J. Vinnell, Alvin Patrick M. Valentin, Raj Prasanna, Julia S. Becker

Quantitative Methods and Information Technology Faculty Publications

This paper investigates the perceptions of the New Zealand public towards the Android Earthquake Alert (AEA) system, a public-facing earthquake early warning system. Specifically, it examines the public’s continuance intention towards the AEA system and the influencing factors of satisfaction, confirmation, perceived usefulness, and perceived trust. To gather insights into the public’s perceptions regarding the AEA system, this study distributed online surveys following two separate earthquake alert events on 12 October and 22 October 2021. A total of 524 and 671 participants responded to the two events’ surveys, providing valuable data for analysis and exploration. Structural Equation Modelling of the …

Parallel Element-Based Algebraic Multigrid For H (Curl) And H (Div) Problems Using The Parelag Library, Delyan Z. Kalchev, Panayot S. Vassilevski, Umberto Villa

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper presents the use of element-based algebraic multigrid (AMGe) hierarchies, implemented in the Parallel Element Agglomeration Algebraic Multigrid Upscaling and Solvers (ParELAG) library, to produce multilevel preconditioners and solvers for H (curl) and H (div) formulations. ParELAG constructs hierarchies of compatible nested spaces, forming an exact de Rham sequence on each level. This allows the application of hybrid smoothers on all levels and the Auxiliary-Space Maxwell Solver or the Auxiliary-Space Divergence Solver on the coarsest levels, obtaining complete multigrid cycles. Numerical results are presented, showing the parallel performance of the proposed methods. As a part of the exposition, this …

Enhancement Of Er Luminescence From Bridge-Type Photonic Crystal Nanocavities With Er, O-Co-Doped Gaas, Zhidong Fang, Jun Tatebayashi, Ryohei Homi, Masayuki Ogawa, Hirotake Kajii, Masahiko Kondow, Kyoko Kitamura, Brandon Mitchell, Shuhei Ichikawa, Yasufumi Fujiwara

Physics & Engineering Faculty Publications

A bridge-type photonic crystal (PhC) nanocavity based on Er,O-codoped GaAs is employed to realize enhancement of Er luminescence. By adjusting the structural design and measurement temperature, the cavity mode's wavelength can be coupled to Er luminescence. The peak emission intensity from an Er-2O defect center was enhanced 7.3 times at 40 nW pump power and 77 K. The experimental Q-factor is estimated to be over 1.2 x 104, and the luminescence intensity shows superlinearity with excitation power, suggesting Er luminescence amplification. This result would pave the way towards the realization of highly efficient single-photon emitters based on rare-earth elements.

Three-Dimensional Rgo/Cnt/G-C3n4 Macro Discs As An Efficient Peroxymonosulfate Activator For Catalytic Degradation Of Sulfamethoxazole, Rajan Arjan Kalyan Hirani, Abdul Hannan, Nasir Rafique, Lei Shi, Wenjie Tian, Haitao Wang, Hongqi Sun

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Over the past few years, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have shown promising efficiencies for wastewater remediation. Carbocatalysis, in particular, has been exploited widely thanks to its sustainable and economical properties but has an issue of recovery and reusability of the catalysts. To address this, three-dimensional (3D) binary and ternary graphene-based composites in the form of macro discs were created to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for catalytic oxidation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX). Graphene oxide served as the base, while graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and/or single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were added. Among the various discs synthesized, rGNTCN discs (ternary composite) were proven to be …

Fortifying Iot Against Crimpling Cyber-Attacks: A Systematic Review, Usman Tariq, Irfan Ahmed, Muhammad Attique Khan, Ali Kashif Bashir

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The rapid growth and increasing demand for Internet of Things (IoT) devices in our everyday lives create exciting opportunities for human involvement, data integration, and seamless automation. This fully interconnected ecosystem considerably impacts crucial aspects of our lives, such as transportation, healthcare, energy management, and urban infrastructure. However, alongside the immense benefits, the widespread adoption of IoT also brings a complex web of security threats that can influence society, policy, and infrastructure conditions. IoT devices are particularly vulnerable to security violations, and industrial routines face potentially damaging vulnerabilities. To ensure a trustworthy and robust security framework, it is crucial to …

Smart Service Function Chain System For Dynamic Traffic Steering Using Reinforcement Learning (Chrl), Ahmed Nadhum, Ahmed Al-Saadi

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The rapid development of the Internet and network services coupled with the growth of communication infrastructure necessitates the employment of intelligent systems. The complexity of the network is heightened by these systems, as they offer diverse services contingent on traffic type, user needs, and security considerations. In this context, a service function chain offers a toolkit to facilitate the management of intricate network systems. However, various traffic types require dynamic adaptation in the sets of function chains. The problem of optimizing the order of service functions in the chain must be solved using the proposed approach, along with balancing the …

New Quantum Genetic Algorithm Based On Constrained Quantum Optimization, Mohammed R. Almasaoodi, Abdulbasit M. A. Sabaawi, Sara El Gaily, Sándor Imre

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

In the past decades, many quantum algorithms have been developed. The main obstacle that prevents the widespread implementation of these algorithms is the small size of the available quantum computer in terms of qubits. Blind Quantum Computation (BQC) holds the promise of handling this issue by delegating computation to quantum remote devices. Here, we introduce a novel Constrained Quantum Genetic Algorithm (CQGA) that selects the optimum extreme (minimum or maximum) value of a constrained goal function (or a vast unsorted database) with very low computational complexity. Since the convergence speed to the optimal solution for the Constrained Classical Genetic Algorithm …

“After She Fell Asleep, It Went To My Next Podcast, Which Was About A Serial Killer”: Unveiling Needs And Expectations Regarding Parental Control Within Digital Assistant, Prakriti Dumaru, Mahdi Nasrullah Al-Ameen

Computer Science Student Research

Voice-based digital assistants (for brevity, we term them as ‘digital assistants’ in this paper, unless otherwise specified) are getting increasingly popular in the household to automate digital routines. Hence, with communal usage of digital assistants in the household, children can gain access to content through digital assistants that are intended for adult audiences and parents are concerned about such risks. To this end, we created a low-fidelity prototype with designs of existing Google’s parental control for Google Assistant (termed as baseline), along with our features deriving from prior literature (termed as treatment). Then, we …

Ai In The College Classroom: From Communication To Animation, Stefanie Powers, Erika Grodzki, Gary Carlin, Hung Chum Kao

Faculty and Staff Publications & Presentations

No abstract provided.

Understanding The Challenges In Academia To Prepare Nursing Students For Digital Technology Use At Workplace, Ankit Shrestha, Prakriti Dumaru, Rizu Paudel, Mahdi Nasrullah Al-Ameen

Computer Science Student Research

Digital technology has transformed workplaces in recent years. The technology adoption in medical institutions has challenged nurses to evolve in using complex digital systems. However, academic institutions often fail to keep up with the rapid changes in professional practice in preparing their students. To this end, we conducted semi-structured interviews with five nursing faculties in the USA. In our study, we examined the current status of digital technology and privacy education, and identified the challenges in adequately preparing nursing students to embrace and adapt to the changes in digital technology use at healthcare organizations. Overall, our findings provide valuable insights …

"It Doesn't Just Feel Like Something A Lawyer Slapped Together." Mental-Model-Based Privacy Policy For Third-Party Applications On Facebook, Rizu Paudel, Ankit Shrestha, Prakriti Dumaru, Mahdi Nasrullah Al-Ameen

Computer Science Student Research

Users are often unaware of the information that applications collect and are surprised by unexpected data collection and sharing practices. With numerous third-party applications on Facebook potentially accessing the personal information of billions of users, it is essential to understand users’ mental models of data sharing to help them make informed decisions. To achieve this, we conducted semi-structured interviews using drawings and think-aloud protocol with 32 participants. Our participants had misconceptions regarding third-party applications’ data sharing practices with varied mental models. Based on these findings, we created mental model-based privacy policy design that prompts users to consider a specific scenario …

Hprop: Hierarchical Privacy-Preserving Route Planning For Smart Cities, Francis Tiausas, Keiichi Yasumoto, Jose Paolo Talusan, Hayato Yamana, Hirozumi Yamaguchi, Shameek Bhattacharjee, Abhishek Dubey, Sajal K. Das

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Route Planning Systems (RPS) are a core component of autonomous personal transport systems essential for safe and efficient navigation of dynamic urban environments with the support of edge-based smart city infrastructure, but they also raise concerns about user route privacy in the context of both privately owned and commercial vehicles. Numerous high-profile data breaches in recent years have fortunately motivated research on privacy preserving RPS, but most of them are rendered impractical by greatly increased communication and processing overhead. We address this by proposing an approach called Hierarchical Privacy-Preserving Route Planning (HPRoP), which divides and distributes the route-planning task across …

Sublinear Time Motif Discovery From Multiple Sequences, Bin Fu, Yunhui Fu, Yuan Xue

Computer Science Faculty Publications

In this paper, a natural probabilistic model for motif discovery has been used to experimentally test the quality of motif discovery programs. In this model, there are k background sequences, and each character in a background sequence is a random character from an alphabet, Σ. A motif G = g1g2 . . . gm is a string of m characters. In each background sequence is implanted a probabilistically-generated approximate copy of G. For a probabilistically-generated approximate copy b1b2 . . . bm of G, every character, bi , is probabilistically generated, such that the probability for bi 6= gi is …

Comparing A Georgia Reservoir With Solar-Powered Mixers To Another Without Mixers: Assessing Thermal And Oxygen Saturation And Nutrient Dispersion, Melissa Hage, Jordan Hasty, Hannah Miller

Georgia Journal of Science

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have been increasing over the last 50 years due to anthropogenic nutrient enrichment and increasing temperatures. One HAB control method is the use of solar-powered mixers. In this study we investigated the timing of thermal stratification, depth of the thermocline and oxycline, and dispersion of nutrients within the water column by comparing two reservoirs in Georgia, U.S.A. over a three-year period – Lake Varner (LV), which utilizes mixers, and Hard Labor Creek Reservoir (HLCR), which does not. Our data show that the onset of thermal stratification is within ± 2 days and appears at the same …

The Fierce Green Fire: Vol. 14 Issue 6, Wofford College Environmental Studies Program

The Fierce Green Fire

No abstract provided.

Dtitd: An Intelligent Insider Threat Detection Framework Based On Digital Twin And Self-Attention Based Deep Learning Models, Zhi Qiang Wang, Abdulmotaleb El Saddik

Computer Vision Faculty Publications

Recent statistics and studies show that the loss generated by insider threats is much higher than that generated by external attacks. More and more organizations are investing in or purchasing insider threat detection systems to prevent insider risks. However, the accurate and timely detection of insider threats faces significant challenges. In this study, we proposed an intelligent insider threat detection framework based on Digital Twins and self-attentions based deep learning models. First, this paper introduces insider threats and the challenges in detecting them. Then this paper presents recent related works on solving insider threat detection problems and their limitations. Next, …

Understanding The Soil Water Dynamics During Excess And Deficit Rainfall Conditions Over The Core Monsoon Zone Of India, Mangesh M. Goswami, Milind Mujumdar1, Bhupendra Bahadur Singh, Madhusudan Ingale, Naresh Ganeshi, Manish Ranalkar, Trenton E. Franz, Prashant Srivastav, Dev Niyogi, R Krishnan, S N. Patil

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Observations of soil moisture (SM) during excess and deficit monsoon seasons between 2000 to 2021 present a unique opportunity to understand the soil water dynamics (SWD) over core monsoon zone (CMZ) of India. This study aims to analyse SWD by investigating the SM variability, SM memory (SMM), and the coupling between surface and subsurface SM levels. Particularly intriguing are instances of concurrent monsoonal extremes, which give rise to complex SWD patterns. Usually, it is noted that a depleted convective activity and persistence of higher temperatures during the pre-monsoon season leads to lower SM, while monsoon rains and post-monsoon showers support …

Interval-Valued Fermatean Neutrosophic Shortest Path Problem Via Score Function, Said Broumi, S. Krishna Prabha, Vakkas Uluçay

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Contemporary mathematical techniques have been crafted to address the uncertainty of numerous real-world settings, including Fermatean neutrosophic fuzzy set theory. Fermatean neutrosophic fuzzy set is an extension of combining Fermatean and neutrosophic sets. A Fermatean neutrosophic set was developed to enable the analytical management of ambiguous data from relatively typical real-world decision-making scenarios. Decision-makers find it challenging to determine the degree of membership (MG) and non-membership (NG) with sharp values due to the insufficient data provided. Intervals MG and NG are suitable options in these circumstances. In this article, the shortest route issue is formulated using an interval set of …

The Santa Clara, 2023-10-13, Santa Clara University

The Santa Clara

No abstract provided.

Core Destruction In Knockout Reactions, Carlos A. Bertulani

Faculty Publications

A model is presented to calculate projectile core destruction in knockout reactions. It incorporates physics arguments similar to the formulation of the state of the art theory to calculate stripping and diffraction dissociation cross sections in heavy ion collisions with bombarding energies around 100 MeV/nucleon and larger. It is shown that secondary collisions between the incoming and struck nucleons with the projectile core decrease the core survival probability by as much as 9.5%. However, no clear evidence is found for reduction of the cross section with increasing binding energy of the removed nucleon.