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Articles 37621 - 37650 of 294391

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Understanding Controls On Spring Hydrographs In An Eogenetic Karst Aquifer In North-Central Florida, Ryan Almeqhem Oct 2023

Understanding Controls On Spring Hydrographs In An Eogenetic Karst Aquifer In North-Central Florida, Ryan Almeqhem

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Florida has one of the largest karst aquifers in the United States, with a significant portion of its water resources originating from the eogenetic karst system in north central Florida. Despite the importance of this system, eogenetic karst still needs to be studied compared to telogenetic karst. The hydrological behavior of karst aquifers is complex, with numerous factors influencing the timing, magnitude, and shape of spring hydrographs. One hypothesis, by Florea and Vacher (2006), suggests that matrix permeability is the primary control of spring hydrographs in karst systems. However, this thesis challenges this hypothesis by presenting evidence that the recharge …

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Time-Series Analysis Of Coral Reef And Reef-Fish Biodiversity In The Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, Cara L. Estes Oct 2023

Time-Series Analysis Of Coral Reef And Reef-Fish Biodiversity In The Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, Cara L. Estes

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The general decline in coral-reef ecosystem health throughout the Caribbean between the 1970’s and late 1990’s seems to have slowed down or stopped, with only slight decreases in coral reef cover observed in the 2000’s through 2019. The earlier decline can be attributed to many different local and regional stressors that have acted together, and include naturally occurring (hurricanes, diseases) and anthropogenic pressures (increased sedimentation, fishing). These ecosystems provide a range of services to people, including food and protection from storms, with an annual benefit of billions of dollars. This has driven a desire to better understand these ecosystems. The …

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2023 Revised Operation And Maintenance Plan Railroad Stormwater Best Management Practices Within Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit For Bnsf Railway Company And Union Pacific Railroad, Kennedy Jenks Oct 2023

2023 Revised Operation And Maintenance Plan Railroad Stormwater Best Management Practices Within Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit For Bnsf Railway Company And Union Pacific Railroad, Kennedy Jenks

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

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Mining Multibeam Transit Data For Deep Ocean Polymetallic Nodules: Case Study In Se Pacific Ocean, Mark E. Mussett Oct 2023

Mining Multibeam Transit Data For Deep Ocean Polymetallic Nodules: Case Study In Se Pacific Ocean, Mark E. Mussett

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Occurrences of nodules on the seafloor represent benthic habitats and present potential deposits of economically important metals. Better understanding their extent throughout Earth’s oceans will aid in resource management and determining different factors which influence their formative factors and respective local characteristics. Multibeam bathymetry and backscatter data, along with auxiliary data suggest an area of seafloor near the Foundation Seamount chain in the southern Pacific Ocean, centered around -36.84° latitude, -119.75° longitude, contains a previously uncharted polymetallic nodule occurrence. Our analysis of Simrad EM12 DUAL (12 kHz) multibeam data, collected during a 1997 transit, shows an area of strong backscatter …

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Discovery Of Small-Molecule Inhibitors For The Β-Catenin/B-Cell Lymphoma 9 Protein-Protein Interaction., Zilu Li Oct 2023

Discovery Of Small-Molecule Inhibitors For The Β-Catenin/B-Cell Lymphoma 9 Protein-Protein Interaction., Zilu Li

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is associated with activating genes that support cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Excessive activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling has been associated with development of several types of cancer and activation of stem-like cancer cells. Direct targeting of β‐catenin, the central hub in this signaling pathway, is a promising strategy to suppress the hyperactive β‐catenin signaling but has proven to be highlychallenging. Substantial efforts have been made to discover compounds that bind with β‐catenin, block β‐catenin mediated protein–protein interactions (PPIs) and suppress β‐catenin signaling. β‐catenin/BCL9 PPI has a smaller contacting area (1450 Å2) and a moderate binding affinity …

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Data Management Plan Bnsf And Union Pacific Railroad Assets Within Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit, Kennedy Jenks Oct 2023

Data Management Plan Bnsf And Union Pacific Railroad Assets Within Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit, Kennedy Jenks

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

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2023 Revised Operation And Maintenance Plan Railroad Stormwater Best Management Practices Within Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit For Bnsf Railway Company And Union Pacific Railroad, Kennedy Jenks Oct 2023

2023 Revised Operation And Maintenance Plan Railroad Stormwater Best Management Practices Within Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit For Bnsf Railway Company And Union Pacific Railroad, Kennedy Jenks

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

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Data Management Plan Bnsf And Union Pacific Railroad Assets Within Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit, Kennedy Jenks Oct 2023

Data Management Plan Bnsf And Union Pacific Railroad Assets Within Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit, Kennedy Jenks

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

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Review Of Harmful Algal Bloom Effects On Birds With Implications For Avian Wildlife In The Chesapeake Bay Region, Barnett A. Rattner, Catherine E. Wazniak, Julia S. Lankton, Peter C. Mcgowan, Serguei V. Drovetski, Todd A. Egerton Oct 2023

Review Of Harmful Algal Bloom Effects On Birds With Implications For Avian Wildlife In The Chesapeake Bay Region, Barnett A. Rattner, Catherine E. Wazniak, Julia S. Lankton, Peter C. Mcgowan, Serguei V. Drovetski, Todd A. Egerton

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The Chesapeake Bay, along the mid-Atlantic coast of North America, is the largest estuary in the United States and provides critical habitat for wildlife. In contrast to point and non-point source release of pesticides, metals, and industrial, personal care and household use chemicals on biota in this watershed, there has only been scant attention to potential exposure and effects of algal toxins on wildlife in the Chesapeake Bay region. As background, we first review the scientific literature on algal toxins and harmful algal bloom (HAB) events in various regions of the world that principally affected birds, and to a lesser …

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Investigating The Occurrence Of Blizzard Events Over The Contiguous United States Using Observations And Climate Projections, Ahmani Browne, Liang Chen Oct 2023

Investigating The Occurrence Of Blizzard Events Over The Contiguous United States Using Observations And Climate Projections, Ahmani Browne, Liang Chen

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Over previous decades, the United States has been plagued by severe winter storms or blizzards, which caused millions of dollars in damages. However, the historical trend of blizzard events and the possible impacts of future global climate change on blizzard occurrences remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed historical blizzard occurrences using the observed storm event database, which shows that the Northern Plains, such as North Dakota, South Dakota, and Minnesota, had the most blizzard activities over the past 25 years. No significant trend in blizzard occurrence is found in those regions. When considering blizzards as compound events of strong …

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Computational Investigations Of Polymer Electrolytes In Aqueous Solutions, Hishara Keshani Gallage Dona Oct 2023

Computational Investigations Of Polymer Electrolytes In Aqueous Solutions, Hishara Keshani Gallage Dona

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Polymer electrolyte membranes, an intriguing category of soft materials, are characterized by polymer backbones tethered with negatively or positively charged functional groups, finding applications from biological macromolecules to electrochemical separations in fuel cells. This dissertation focuses on computational investigations of polymer electrolytes in aqueous solutions using polypeptoids and ion exchange membranes. Polypeptoids, highly tailorable peptidomimetic polymers lacking backbone hydrogen bonding or chirality, were used as model systems. Micelles formed from these polypeptoid polymers exhibited electrostatic repulsion, which competes with charge-sodium interactions, adding complexity to predicting micelle shapes. This research refined the design strategy, enhancing micelle shape and structure through precise …

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Seeing The Invisible: Projects On Flow Imaging From The Fluid Mechanics Lab, Keith Stein Oct 2023

Seeing The Invisible: Projects On Flow Imaging From The Fluid Mechanics Lab, Keith Stein

Day of Scholarship

Shadowgraph and schlieren imaging are popular flow visualization techniques because, despite the straightforward setup and reliance on very simple geometrical optics principles, they provide powerful methods for capturing high-quality images of what would otherwise be invisible flow phenomena. Application of these methods along with high-speed video recording can reveal detailed pictures of fast flow events that may last for just a fraction of a millisecond. These techniques are being utilized in the Bethel Fluid Mechanics lab course (PHY423/ENR423) and in a number of student-faculty research projects. We present snapshots of a few recent student-faculty projects utilizing shadowgraph and schlieren imaging.

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Glow Soap Faucets For Medical Settings - Partnering With A Startup, James Christenson Oct 2023

Glow Soap Faucets For Medical Settings - Partnering With A Startup, James Christenson

Day of Scholarship

Hand hygiene is critical in many sectors of society and particularly in medical settings. Abluo is a startup company that designed an automated faucet with a black light and glowing soap. This allows users to visualize soap coverage during lathering and soap removal during rinsing. A study run at Bethel University found that users had 2.7x fewer bacteria on their hands after using an Abluo glow soap faucet system compared to a standard handwash. A glow soap faucet system was also installed at Regions Hospital (St. Paul, MN). The response from medical professionals was overwhelmingly positive, with 95% agreeing with …

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Creation And Development Of A Next Generation Simulation Model For Spacecraft Charging, Brian P. Beecken Oct 2023

Creation And Development Of A Next Generation Simulation Model For Spacecraft Charging, Brian P. Beecken

Day of Scholarship

Spacecraft, particularly satellites, endure the bombardment of high-energy electrons. These electrons charge up the insulators on the spacecraft. Eventually, the charge commonaly can exceed 100,000 volts. The result is an electrostatic discharge which will potentially cripple the spacecraft. A computer simulation model has been developed that will predict if and when the discharge will occur.

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A New Algorithm For Determining Energy And Charge Deposition In Spacecraft Insulators, Brian P. Beecken Oct 2023

A New Algorithm For Determining Energy And Charge Deposition In Spacecraft Insulators, Brian P. Beecken

Day of Scholarship

Space if filled with highly energetic electrons, many of which originate from the sun. All earth satellites must have insulators. Unfortunately, the insulators absorb both the electrons and the energy that they are carrying. Once sufficient charge accumulates, it is released in a sudden and destructive pulse which can destroy the onboard electronics and solar panel. The depth of penetration of the electrons in the insulators varies with incident energy, flux, and material. Determining the deposition profiles is key to understanding and mitigating the threat to satellites.

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Nano-Optics: Light, Matter, And Single-Molecule Imaging, Nathan Lindquist Oct 2023

Nano-Optics: Light, Matter, And Single-Molecule Imaging, Nathan Lindquist

Day of Scholarship

Light and matter interact in fascinating ways at the nano-scale, allowing scientists to image, probe, analyze, or manipulate single molecules. This interdisciplinary field has opened the doors to a vast array of insights and applications, including single-molecule sensors, advanced photonic devices, and novel forms of microscopy. This poster summarizes work done at Bethel over the past few years in the areas of nano-imaging, nano-sensing, and nano-manipulation.

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Particle Discovery Lab For Education & Outreach, Julie Hogan Oct 2023

Particle Discovery Lab For Education & Outreach, Julie Hogan

Day of Scholarship

The Compact Muon Solenoid experiment (CMS) at the CERN Large Hadron Collider records proton-proton collision data in order to study the particles and forces that exist in very high energy conditions. CMS releases data to the public after several years of internal analysis. This data has a rich history of use for middle school or high school education, but is not widely used by college students in the US. Bethel students and I have built an intermediate-level undergraduate lab experience in which students reinforce physics learning objectives and learn statistical data analysis skills while "discovering" a particle. A short form …

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Search For Pair Production Of Vector-Like Quarks In Cms Run 2 Data, Julie Hogan Oct 2023

Search For Pair Production Of Vector-Like Quarks In Cms Run 2 Data, Julie Hogan

Day of Scholarship

The Compact Muon Solenoid experiment (CMS) at the CERN Large Hadron Collider records proton-proton collision data in order to study the particles and forces that exist in very high energy conditions. The 2012 discovery of the Higgs boson was a triumph for the field of particle physics, but pointed toward the probably existence of unknown high-mass particles. Vector-like quarks (VLQs) are a possible type of high-mass fermions, and their decays to lighter particles create exciting detector signatures. This search utilizes deep machine learning to both identify decay products of VLQs in the detector and to separate potential signal events from …

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Computational Chemistry At Bethel, Rollin King Oct 2023

Computational Chemistry At Bethel, Rollin King

Day of Scholarship

In the 21st century, computational methods play a significant role in all areas of chemistry, ranging from small-molecule spectroscopy to drug design. Research in computational chemistry is multidisciplinary, involving the application of physics, math, and computer science to address questions and challenges in chemistry. This poster will survey the field, highlight the outstanding work of Bethel students, and present a couple of ongoing projects.

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Modeling And Estimation Of A Continuous Flexible Structure Using The Theory Of Functional Connections, Riccardo Bevilacqua Oct 2023

Modeling And Estimation Of A Continuous Flexible Structure Using The Theory Of Functional Connections, Riccardo Bevilacqua

Math Department Colloquium Series

This talk presents a novel method for modeling and estimating the dynamics of a continuous structure based on a limited number of noisy measurements. The goal is reached using a Kalman filter in synergy with the recently developed mathematical framework known as the Theory of Functional Connections (TFC). The TFC allows to derive a functional expression capable of representing the entire space of the functions that satisfy a given set of linear and, in some cases, nonlinear constraints. The proposed approach exploits the possibilities offered by the TFC to derive an approximated dynamical model for the flexible system using the …

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Artst: Arabic Text And Speech Transformer, Hawau Olamide Toyin, Amirbek Djanibekov, Ajinkya Kulkarni, Hanan Al Darmaki Oct 2023

Artst: Arabic Text And Speech Transformer, Hawau Olamide Toyin, Amirbek Djanibekov, Ajinkya Kulkarni, Hanan Al Darmaki

Natural Language Processing Faculty Publications

We present ArTST, a pre-trained Arabic text and speech transformer for supporting open-source speech technologies for the Arabic language. The model architecture follows the unified-modal framework, SpeechT5, that was recently released for English, and is focused on Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), with plans to extend the model for dialectal and code-switched Arabic in future editions. We pre-trained the model from scratch on MSA speech and text data, and fine-tuned it for the following tasks: Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), Text-To-Speech synthesis (TTS), and spoken dialect identification. In our experiments comparing ArTST with SpeechT5, as well as with previously reported results in …

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2023 Celebration Of Scholarship, Creativity, And Engagement, Todd Bruns, Diane Highland Oct 2023

2023 Celebration Of Scholarship, Creativity, And Engagement, Todd Bruns, Diane Highland

Programs

Annually, Eastern Illinois University honors faculty achievements in the areas of research, creativity, and engagement. This year, the list of faculty accomplishments is again truly impressive, reflective of an engaged faculty committed to excellence and the ongoing pursuit and creation of knowledge. A number of these accomplishments occurred in collaboration with our students, who serve as co-authors, research assistants and partners in bringing these activities to fruition. Indeed, in some cases these professional ambitions transpired over the course of many years, and are a testament to persistence and tenacity--ensuring that these works extend to a broader community of scholars that …

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A New Physics-Informed Method For The Fracability Evaluation Of Shale Oil Reservoirs, Li Yuwei, Li Zijian, Shao Lifei, Tian Fuchun, Tang Jizhou Oct 2023

A New Physics-Informed Method For The Fracability Evaluation Of Shale Oil Reservoirs, Li Yuwei, Li Zijian, Shao Lifei, Tian Fuchun, Tang Jizhou

Coal Geology & Exploration

The accurate evaluation of reservoir fracability is an essential prerequisite for the fracturing design and post-fracturing productivity evaluation of reservoirs. Rock mechanical parameters have been applied to the fracability evaluation of shales presently, exhibiting great field application performance. Accordingly, it is crucial to obtain accurate rock mechanical parameters. This study developed a physics-informed neural network (PINN) model. Driven by data and physical information, the PINN model can accurately predict rock mechanical parameters using only a small amount of data. To verify its performance, the PINN model was compared with the artificial neural network, random forest, and XGBoost models. The comparison …

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An Attention Mechanism-Based Cnn-Bilstm Real-Time Transient Electromagnetic Method, Gu Yao, Xie Haijun, Zhou Zipeng, Li Lu Oct 2023

An Attention Mechanism-Based Cnn-Bilstm Real-Time Transient Electromagnetic Method, Gu Yao, Xie Haijun, Zhou Zipeng, Li Lu

Coal Geology & Exploration

The one-dimensional transient electromagnetic (TEM) method is time-consuming and suffers other drawbacks such as difficult parameter adjustment and heavy dependence on the initial model. Therefore, this study proposed a real-time TEM inversion method—the Attention mechanism-based convolutional neural network (CNN) - bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) (AC-BiLSTM). By fully utilizing the time difference, the AC-BiLSTM performed model training in non-observation time and the real-time inversion of the collected data in observation time. With the measured data mixed with a certain proportion of data obtained from forward modeling as the dataset, the sampling time and apparent resistivity as the input features in …

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Research Progress Of Rotary Steerable System And Its Control Methods, Li Wei, Mou Lei, Zhou Xiancheng, Tan Xianhui, Fu Quan Oct 2023

Research Progress Of Rotary Steerable System And Its Control Methods, Li Wei, Mou Lei, Zhou Xiancheng, Tan Xianhui, Fu Quan

Coal Geology & Exploration

Rotary steerable system is a shining pearl in directional drilling technology and an important technical means to realize the low-cost and efficient development of oil and gas resources. First of all, the basic structure of the rotary steerable system was introduced. According to the different steering modes and bias effects, the rotary steerable system is divided into five categories: static push-the-bit type, dynamic push-the-bit type, static pointing type, dynamic point-the-bit type and mixed type, for which the steering principle was analyzed one by one. Secondly, according to the research and application of rotary steerable system technology at home and abroad, …

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Statistical And Machine Learning Approaches To Describe Factors Affecting Preweaning Mortality Of Piglets, Md Towfiqur Rahman, Tami M. Brown-Brandl, Gary A. Rohrer, Sudhendu R. Sharma, Vamsi Manthena, Yeyin Shi Oct 2023

Statistical And Machine Learning Approaches To Describe Factors Affecting Preweaning Mortality Of Piglets, Md Towfiqur Rahman, Tami M. Brown-Brandl, Gary A. Rohrer, Sudhendu R. Sharma, Vamsi Manthena, Yeyin Shi

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

High preweaning mortality (PWM) rates for piglets are a significant concern for the worldwide pork industries, causing economic loss and well-being issues. This study focused on identifying the factors affecting PWM, overlays, and predicting PWM using historical production data with statistical and machine learning models. Data were collected from 1,982 litters from the United States Meat Animal Research Center, Nebraska, over the years 2016 to 2021. Sows were housed in a farrowing building with three rooms, each with 20 farrowing crates, and taken care of by well-trained animal caretakers. A generalized linear model was used to analyze the various sow, …

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Tree Planting As An Adaptive Management Tool For Climate Change In Morocco, Stephanie J. Robinson Oct 2023

Tree Planting As An Adaptive Management Tool For Climate Change In Morocco, Stephanie J. Robinson

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The practice of planting fruit trees to combat climate change impacts in Morocco has been growing in popularity with support from the Moroccan government and non-profit organizations. Although it is often considered a successful adaptive management tool, tree planting initiatives (TPIs) in arid lands have not been thoroughly analyzed, their management is unstandardized, and these initiatives can cause harm when trees are planted in areas that cannot support them. To implement tree planting better these TPIs need to find areas where the trees they are introducing have the best chance of survival without negatively impacting the surrounding ecosystem and human …

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Table Of Contents, The Editors Oct 2023

Table Of Contents, The Editors

Coal Geology & Exploration

No abstract provided.

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When Communities Face Drinking Water Crises, Bottled Water Is A 'Temporary' Solution That Often Lasts Years--And Worsens Inequality, Daniel Jaffee Oct 2023

When Communities Face Drinking Water Crises, Bottled Water Is A 'Temporary' Solution That Often Lasts Years--And Worsens Inequality, Daniel Jaffee

Sociology Faculty Publications and Presentations

As a sociologist, I study the social and environmental effects of the rapid growth of bottled-water consumption in the U.S. and beyond, and how it is linked to distrust of public tap water. In my new book, “Unbottled,” one chapter examines how these dynamics played out in Flint. As its example shows, communities can end up relying on bottled water – often at great expense – for years after a crisis.

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Gas Expansion Energy Of Coals With Different Metamorphic Degrees: Evolutionary Characteristics And Their Implications For The Outburst Prediction, Liu Gaofeng, Li Baolin, Zhang Zhen, Liu Huan, Guan Wenbo, Si Nian Oct 2023

Gas Expansion Energy Of Coals With Different Metamorphic Degrees: Evolutionary Characteristics And Their Implications For The Outburst Prediction, Liu Gaofeng, Li Baolin, Zhang Zhen, Liu Huan, Guan Wenbo, Si Nian

Coal Geology & Exploration

To achieve an elevated accuracy in the prediction of coal and gas outbursts, this study conducted mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP) tests and isotherm adsorption experiments on selected six coal samples with different metamorphic degrees. Furthermore, it calculated the gas expansion energy of coals and analyzed the evolutionary characteristics of the gas expansion energy of coals with different metamorphic degrees, as well as their relationships with the prediction indices of coal and gas outbursts. The results of this study are as follows: (1) The differences in the pore structures and adsorptivity of coals with different metamorphic degrees led to different …

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