Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Interferometric Imaging With Eiscat_3d For Fine-Scale In-Beam Incoherent Scatter Spectra Measurements, M. Zettergren, Devin Huyghebaert, Björn Gustavsson, Juha Vierinen, Andreas Kvammen, John Swoboda, Ilkka Virtanen, Spencer Hatch, Karl M. Laundal

Publications

The 233 MHz EISCAT_3D radar system currently under construction in northern Fennoscandia will be able to resolve ionospheric structures smaller than the transmit beam dimensions through the use of interferometric imaging. This capability is made possible by the modular design and digitization of the 119 91-antenna panels located at the main Skibotn site. The main array consists of a cluster of 109 panels, with 10 outlier panels producing unique interferometry baselines. In the present study synthesized incoherent scatter radar signal measurements are used for interferometric imaging analysis with the EISCAT_3D system. The Geospace Environment Model of Ion-Neutral Interactions (GEMINI) model …

Different Currencies For Calculating Resource Phenology Result In Opposite Inferences About Trophic Mismatches, Tom S. L. Versluijs, Mikhail K. Zhemchuzhnikov, Dmitry Kutcherov, Tomas Roslin, Niels Martin Schmidt, Jan A. Van Gils, Jeroen Reneerkens

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Shifts in phenology are among the key responses of organisms to climate change. When rates of phenological change differ between interacting species they may result in phenological asynchrony. Studies have found conflicting patterns concerning the direction and magnitude of changes in synchrony, which have been attributed to biological factors. A hitherto overlooked additional explanation are differences in the currency used to quantify resource phenology, such as abundance and biomass. Studying an insectivorous bird (the sanderling) and its prey, we show that the median date of cumulative arthropod biomass occurred, on average, 6.9 days after the median date of cumulative arthropod …

Characterizing And Mitigating Transient Noise In Ligo Observatories For Gravitational Wave Detection, Jane Glanzer

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The existence of gravitational waves is predicted by Albert Einstein's Theory of General Relativity. Commonly referred to as "ripples in spacetime", these waves are generated by some of the most violent and energetic processes in the universe. Despite their theoretical prediction over a century ago, it wasn't until 2015 that the Advanced LIGO (aLIGO) interferometers in Hanford, WA and Livingston, LA directly detected gravitational waves for the first time, confirming Einstein's theory and ushering in a new era of astrophysics.

Detecting gravitational waves requires incredible precision. Because of the extreme sensitivity required, it is possible for the gravitational wave data …

Dyvir: Virtual Reality Generated Synthetic Training Datasets For Ai, Garrett Williams

Graduate Student and Postdoctoral Fellow Symposium

Artificial Intelligence (AI) can perform complex tasks quickly such as object detection. To perform these tasks, the AI algorithms are first trained on data. However, some data such as labeled imagery of aerial objects is hard to obtain. Utilizing Virtual Reality (VR) software, a custom tool called DyViR was made to generate synthetic training datasets. Users customize the virtual environment, aerial objects, and sensor modality to produce custom-tailored datasets.

Computer Aided Design Of Aromatic Foldamer Targeting Protein-Protein Interaction, Bamidele Towolawi

Graduate Student and Postdoctoral Fellow Symposium

With the computational tools developed in our lab for accurate prediction of structures and solution dynamics of aromatic foldamers, we now target protein-protein interaction (PPI) by appending proteinogenic side chains on the external surfaces of the helical aromatic foldamers. Particularly, the activation of a regulatory protein NF-κB, a key player in the inflammatory response and cell proliferation, involves binding of NEMO (NF-κB Essential Modulator) with linear di-ubiquitin. In this study, we designed various sequences based on established protocols and investigated, by utilizing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, their potential binding to di-ubiquitin, specifically targeting the NEMO binding interface. This study complements …

Comprehensive Constraints On Dark Radiation Injection After Bbn, A. C. Sobotka, A. L. Erickcek, Tristan L. Smith

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Works

We derive constraints on the injection of free-streaming dark radiation after big bang nucleosynthesis by considering the decay of a massive hidden sector particle into dark radiation. Such a scenario has the potential to alleviate the Hubble tension by introducing a new energy component to the evolution of the early Universe. We employ observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) from Planck 2018 and South Pole Telescope 2018, measurements of the primordial deuterium abundance, Pantheon+ type Ia supernovae data, and baryon acoustic oscillation measurements from BOSS DR12 to constrain these decay scenarios. Prerecombination decays are primarily restricted by observations of …

A Micrometeor Impact - Lake Wilson, Kansas?, Kenneth R. Neuhauser

SACAD: Scholarly Activities

Much ado about ‘nothing’ was raised when a suspect ‘object’ hit near Lake Wilson, Kansas on August 10, 2006. After a field investigation, a magnetometer survey, thin section analysis, shotgun field tests, and neutron activation analyses (NAA), no 100% conclusive physical evidence exists as to what caused the impact. However, enough NAA chemical evidence was found to suggest a micro-meteor was what created an 18” wide and 12” deep ‘crater’ at the site.

Re: Approval Letter For The Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit (Bpsou) Draft Final 2024 Helehan Borrow Material Submittal #2 (Dated March 12, 2024), Molly Roby

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

The Impacts Of Nature-Based Sediment Restoration Practices On Coastal Wetland Soil Biogeochemistry, Jacob Z. Cheng

LSU Master's Theses

Coastal marshes provide many valuable ecosystem services. However, these wetlands are threatened worldwide, being subject to sea level rise, sediment starvation, subsidence, coastal edge erosion, etc. Many efforts are being made to counteract this wetland loss and preserve the ecosystem services. Two such methods are sediment diversion and the thin layer placement (TLP) of dredged sediment.

Sediment diversion involves reconnecting the main channel of a river body to disconnected wetlands, supplying much needed soil-building materials. However, this method affects the salinity of the waters, introducing large amounts of freshwater into the system. Salinity changes can affect marsh biogeochemistry. Most ecological …

The Invariantring Package For Macaulay2, Luigi Ferraro, Federico Galetto, Francesca Gandini, Hang Huang, Matthew Mastroeni, Xianglong Ni

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

We describe a significant update to the existing InvariantRing package for Macaulay2. In addition to expanding and improving the methods of the existing package for actions of finite groups, the updated package adds functionality for computing invariants of diagonal actions of tori and finite abelian groups, as well as invariants of arbitrary linearly reductive group actions. The implementation of the package has been completely overhauled with the aim of serving as a unified resource for invariant theory computations in Macaulay2.

Separation And Relative Quasiconvexity Criteria For Relatively Geometric Actions, Eduard Einstein

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Works

Bowditch characterized relative hyperbolicity in terms of group actions on fine hyperbolic graphs with finitely many edge orbits and finite edge stabilizers. In this paper, we define generalized fine actions on hyperbolic graphs, in which the peripheral subgroups are allowed to stabilize finite subgraphs rather than stabilizing a point. Generalized fine actions are useful for studying groups that act relatively geometrically on a CAT(0) cube complex, which were recently defined by the first two authors. Specifically, we show that any group acting relatively geometrically on a CAT(0) cube complex admits a generalized fine action on the one-skeleton of the cube …

On The Subelliptic And Subparabolic Infinity Laplacian In Grushin-Type Spaces, Zachary Forrest

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This thesis poses the ∞-Laplace equation in Grushin-type spaces. Grushin-type spaces G are defined by the vector fields which serve as a basis for their tangent spaces; by weighting the canonical (Euclidean) directional vectors {∂/∂x_i}ⁿ_i=1 by functions ρ_i that obey certain technical assumptions, we produce a class of metric spaces in which certain directions may not be accessible at all points in the space. We prove the existence and uniqueness of viscosity solutions to both Dirichlet problems and Cauchy-Dirichlet problems involving the∞-Laplacian over bounded Grushin-type domains. The main tool in proving uniqueness of …

For Those Who Don't Know (How) To Ask: Building A Dataset Of Technology Questions For Digital Newcomers, Evan Lucas, Kelly S. Steelman, Leo Ureel, Charles Wallace

Michigan Tech Publications

While the rise of large language models (LLMs) has created rich new opportunities to learn about digital technology, many on the margins of this technology struggle to gain and maintain competency due to lexical or conceptual barriers that prevent them from asking appropriate questions. Although there have been many efforts to understand factuality of LLM-created content and ability of LLMs to answer questions, it is not well understood how unclear or nonstandard language queries affect the model outputs. We propose the creation of a dataset that captures questions of digital newcomers and outsiders, utilizing data we have compiled from a …

Methionyl-Trna Synthetase Synthetic And Proofreading Activities Are Determinants Of Antibiotic Persistence, Whitney N. Wood, Miguel Angel Rubio, Lorenzo Eugenio Leiva, Gregory J. Phillips, Michael Ibba

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Bacterial antibiotic persistence is a phenomenon where bacteria are exposed to an antibiotic and the majority of the population dies while a small subset enters a low metabolic, persistent, state and are able to survive. Once the antibiotic is removed the persistent population can resuscitate and continue growing. Several different molecular mechanisms and pathways have been implicated in this phenomenon. A common mechanism that may underly bacterial antibiotic persistence is perturbations in protein synthesis. To investigate this mechanism, we characterized four distinct metG mutants for their ability to increase antibiotic persistence. Two metG mutants encode changes near the catalytic site …

Combining Paleorecords And Climate Models To Better Understand Past And Future Climate, Elizabeth Patterson

Sustainability Seminar Series

Climate models and paleoclimate records are both essential tools for understanding climate variability of the past, present and future. However, both have their sources of uncertainty. Here I discuss how using climate models and paleorecords together can improve our understanding of climate. I first demonstrate how climate model simulations aid our interpretation of a complex speleothem record. Then, I discuss how large paleodata networks can refine climate models and projections of future climate change.

Lstm-Based Recurrent Neural Network Predicts Influenza-Like-Illness In Variable Climate Zones, Alfred Amendolara, Christopher Gowans, Joshua Barton, David Sant, Andrew Payne

Annual Research Symposium

Purpose: Influenza virus is responsible for a recurrent, yearly epidemic in most temperate regions of the world. For the 2021-2022 season the CDC reports 5000 deaths and 100,000 hospitalizations, a significant number despite the confounding presence of SARS-CoV-2. The mechanisms behind seasonal variance in flu burden are not well understood. Based on a previously validated model, this study seeks to expand understanding of the impact of variable climate regions on seasonal flu trends. To that end, three climate regions have been selected. Each region represents a different ecological region and provides different weather patterns showing how the climate variables impact …

Experimental Study On Acoustic Emission Evolution Characteristics And Response Mechanism Of Damaged Rocks, Zhang Kai, Zhang Dongxiao, Zhao Yongqiang, Yang Yingming, Guo Weiyao, Sun Peng, Xu Linpeng, Fu Guangsheng

Coal Geology & Exploration

The evolution of rock internal damage is one of the causes of geotechnical engineering disasters, and revealing the response characteristics of key parameters during the rock failure could provide a basis for the identification instability state after rock failure, which is of great importance for the early warning and prevention of rock engineering disasters. Herein, the siltstone specimens with different damage degrees were prepared by cyclic loading-unloading tests, and uniaxial loading tests were carried out with the damaged specimens. On this basis, the relationship between the damage degree of specimen and the wave velocity, as well as the acoustic emission …

Table Of Contents, The Editors

Coal Geology & Exploration

No abstract provided.

Exploring Geological Parameters Sensitive To Underground Coal Gasification, Zhou Ze, Yi Tongsheng, Qin Yong, Zhou Yongfeng, Wang Lingxia, Kong Weimin

Coal Geology & Exploration

Compared to ground coal chemical plants, underground coal gasification (UCG) requires gasifiers as geological bodies. Accurately understanding geological conditions is a critical prerequisite for UCG. To minimize the geological risks involved in UCG siting, this study systematically explored the geological parameters sensitive to UCG based on the intricate geological conditions of Guizhou Province, China. By collecting and organizing the exploration data of coal resources in Guizhou, this study established mathematical models for normalized, graded parameter value assignment, the algorithm of parameter weight vectors, and the algorithm of parameter weight product, with the purpose of obtaining the accurate quantitative data of …

Uranium And Thorium Enrichment Characteristics Of Bauxite In Coal Measure Strata And Their Natural Gamma-Ray Responses, Zhang Xiaohui, Zhang Shangqing, Liu Dongna, Zhao Fenghua, Zhao Jun, Zhong Zhuanghua, Hou Xuqin

Coal Geology & Exploration

Shanxi Province boasts abundant bauxite resources occurring in coal measure strata, with the deep bauxite resources in this province subjected to progressive assessment. This study aims to further determine the endowment of aluminum resources within coals in the province and explore efficient exploration methods. To this end, this study investigated the bauxite layers in Upper Carboniferous coal measure strata in the Xiaoyi area, Shanxi Province. It examined 37 samples from three boreholes using methods such as optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Based on the analysis …

Law Governing Variations In Water-Pressure Transmission Rate In Confined Aquifers, Wang Wenxue, Wang Bosen, Gao Yanwei, Wu Bing, Nie Tianyu

Coal Geology & Exploration

The water pressure in aquifers is transmitted as energy, with a transmission rate much higher than the migration rate of water particles. The water-pressure transmission rate holds great significance for the safe construction and disaster forecast and prediction of underground engineering under high-pressure water aquifers and bodies. Focusing on the confined aquifers bearing no cohesive soil, this study explored the law governing the changes in the water-pressure transmission rate through theoretical analysis, numerical simulations, field experiments, and laboratory physical model tests. Key findings are as follows: (1) The transmission of water-pressure changes in the aquifers exhibited noticeable hysteresis. The transmission …

Coal-Rock Interface Imaging Based On Acoustic Remote Reflection Logging Within Crossing Boreholes Using The Finite Element Method, Xu Hongyang, Zhai Cheng, Xia Jigen, Sun Yong, Dong Xingmeng, Lai Yongshuai, Yu Xu, Xu Jizhao, Cong Yuzhou

Coal Geology & Exploration

The presence of small geological structures is the main cause of coal and gas outbursts, making the precise detection of these structures an urgent need. High-precision detection of coal-rock interfaces is essential for identifying small structures and achieving transparent mining faces. The acoustic remote reflection logging technology, with a large detection range, a high resolution, and imaging capability, can accurately identify coal-rock interfaces. In this context, this study proposed a technique for coal-rock interface detection based on acoustic remote reflection logging within crossing boreholes. Specially, by placing acoustic detectors in crossing boreholes, the array waveforms generated by the coal-rock interfaces …

Preserving Linguistic Diversity In The Digital Age: A Scalable Model For Cultural Heritage Continuity, James Hutson, Pace Ellsworth, Matt Ellsworth

Faculty Scholarship

In the face of the rapid erosion of both tangible and intangible cultural heritage globally, the urgency for effective, wide-ranging preservation methods has never been greater. Traditional approaches in cultural preservation often focus narrowly on specific niches, overlooking the broader cultural tapestry, particularly the preservation of everyday cultural elements. This article addresses this critical gap by advocating for a comprehensive, scalable model for cultural preservation that leverages machine learning and big data analytics. This model aims to document and archive a diverse range of cultural artifacts, encompassing both extraordinary and mundane aspects of heritage. A central issue highlighted in the …

Application Of The Horizontal Seismic Profiling-Based Advance Detection Technology To The Excavation Of Rock Roadways In Coal Mines Using Tunnel Boring Machines, Zhang Sheng, Chen Zhao, Lu Song, Yang Zhanbiao, Ji Panjun, He Fei, Lu Yiqiang, Liu Jiawei

Coal Geology & Exploration

With the gradual application of full-face tunnel boring machines (TBMs) to the excavation of rock roadways in coal mines, there is an increasingly urgent need for the accurate and rapid advance prediction of unfavorable geological structures. This study analyzed the characteristics of active-source seismic wave-based advance detection methods and the applicability of the advance detection technology based on TBM seismic while drilling (TSWD) with TBM rock-breaking vibration as a seismic source. Then, by combining the geological and production conditions of coal mine roadways, this study proposed a horizontal seismic profiling (HSP)-based advance detection method applicable to the excavation of roadways …

Early Warning And Prediction Of Kicks And Lost Circulation Accident During Rescue Drilling Of Mine, Chen Weiming, Wang Jiawen, Fan Dong, Hao Shijun, Zhao Jiangpeng, Qiu Yu

Coal Geology & Exploration

In order to solve the problems such as the difficulty in early warning and prediction of kicks and lost circulation accidents during emergency rescue drilling of mine, a machine learning-based early for warning and prediction model of drilling process was established. Firstly, the accident characterization parameters of the drilling parameters in the early stage of kicks and lost circulation accidents were analyzed. Secondly, the accident characterization parameters were cleaned and processed. On this basis, XGBoost and early warning model was used to carry out the early diagnosis and identification of kicks and lost circulation accidents. Then, the PSO-LSTM accident development …

Analysis On Working Characteristics Of Cam-Roller Impact Mechanism Of Rotary Percussion Drilling Tool, Sun Yangqing, Yi Xianzhong, Wan Jifang, Ma Jianqi, Wu Jiwei, Yi Jun, Yin Guangpin

Coal Geology & Exploration

Rotary percussion drilling tools can effectively improve their rock breaking efficiency in the deep and hard strata, thus having broad application prospects. The cam-roller is the key mechanism to realize the impact action, but the complex and changeable downhole environment leads to serious damage to the mechanism, which in turn affects the efficiency of rock breaking. Based on the test drilling data of rotary impact drilling tools in several wells, the cam-roller dynamics model was established, the working characteristics under different strokes, speeds and drilling pressures were analyzed by Autodyn (explicit dynamics), and the deformation characteristics of the mechanism were …

Development And Application Of An Automatic Online Testing Instrument For The Funnel Viscosity And Density Of Drilling Fluids, Xie Hui, Zheng Liqun, Liu Fulin, Liang Mengjia, Liu Xuan, Cai Jihua, Yang Xianyu, Hou Jiwu

Coal Geology & Exploration

In recent years, the research on the automatic performance testing technology for drilling fluids has achieved significant progress both domestically and internationally. However, automatic drilling fluid testing instruments face challenges, such as high costs, complicated structures, and restricted working environments. Given these challenges, this study developed an automatic online testing instrument for the funnel viscosity and density of drilling fluids. The testing instrument consists of mud pumping, testing, cleaning, and control modules, which are built using a programmable logic controller (PLC), an Internet of things (IoT) module, a pressure sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a peristaltic mud pump, an electric ball …

Deformation And Collapse Patterns Of Gas Drainage Boreholes And A Precise Monitoring Technology, Xiao Peng, Huang Xiaosheng, Liu Xiaoxiao, Li Bingkun, Chen Liping, Chen Zixi, Zhang Chao, Cheng Renhui, Zhao Yajie

Coal Geology & Exploration

This study aims to promote the precise and intelligent monitoring of gas drainage boreholes. In the engineering background of a coal mine in Shanxi Province, this study conducted simulation experiments on the plugging of gas extraction boreholes under varying particle size ratios of simulated coal samples using distributed optical fiber monitoring and the Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Analysis (BOTDA). Then, this study established a mathematical model for calculating the borehole plugging rate of the test mine, revealing the deformation and collapse patterns of gas drainage boreholes. Furthermore, this study proposed a precise in-situ monitoring technology for the gas drainage boreholes in …

Epa Remedial Project Manager Change, Berkeley Pit/Mine Flooding Operable Unit (Bmfou) Of The Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area And Consent Decree For The Mine Flooding Site, Cv 02-35-Bu-Rfc, Jason Rappe

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

An Experimental Study Of Factors Influencing Gas Seepage In Confined Broken Anthracite, Li Zhen, Yu Yirui, Wang Hongwei, Feng Guorui, He Fulian, Wang Dezhang, Zhou Jinhui, Liu Luyan, Han Xinlei

Coal Geology & Exploration

The void structure evolution of broken coals in a caving zone directly affects the gas seepage characteristics of the zone, further influencing the gas migration and enrichment patterns in abandoned coal mine goaves. With the second generation of compaction-seepage-CT scanning experimental system for broken coals independently designed and developed, this study performed 162 sets of permeability experiments on broken anthracite samples with five particle size ranges under varying gas pressures, axial stresses, and void fractions. Key findings are as follows: (1) When gas migrated in broken anthracite, its pressure and flow rate kept dynamically changing until the adsorption equilibrium was …