Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Dataset Of Arabic Spam And Ham Tweets, Sanaa Kaddoura, Safaa Henno

All Works

This data article provides a dataset of 132421 posts and their corresponding information collected from Twitter social media. The data has two classes, ham or spam, where ham indicates non-spam clean tweets. The main target of this dataset is to study a way to classify whether a post is a spam or not automatically. The data is in Arabic language only, which makes the data essential to the researchers in Arabic natural language processing (NLP) due to the lack of resources in this language. The data is made publicly available to allow researchers to use it as a benchmark for …

Deep Learning-Based Human Action Understanding In Videos, Elahe Vahdani

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The understanding of human actions in videos holds immense potential for technological advancement and societal betterment. This thesis explores fundamental aspects of this field, including action recognition in trimmed clips and action localization in untrimmed videos. Trimmed videos contain only one action instance, with moments before or after the action excluded from the video. However, the majority of videos captured in unconstrained environments, often referred to as untrimmed videos, are naturally unsegmented. Untrimmed videos are typically lengthy and may encompass multiple action instances, along with the moments preceding or following each action, as well as transitions between actions. In the …

Biomolecular Crystals As Functional Materials, Fahmeed Khan Sheehan

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The field of supramolecular chemistry has undergone significant evolution over the last few decades, progressing from fundamental studies of self-assembling systems to the rational design of functional materials with exceptional properties. Among these materials, short peptides have emerged as a chemically simple yet highly versatile class of biomimetic compounds. Initially, short peptides were used as model systems to understand larger protein interactions. As the field progressed, short peptides were found to have exceptional functionality, and are now explored as functional nanomaterials for diverse applications. In many cases, short peptide materials have displayed properties not found in biology, in some cases …

Integration Of Field- And Space-Based Observations Toward Assessing Drivers Of Biogeochemical Variability Across Vulnerable Coastal Ecosystems, Alana B. Menendez

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This thesis uses new field datasets and satellite ocean color products to quantify biogeochemical variability in three coastal regions: Long Island Sound estuary, the coastline of the Bay of Bengal extending east to the Mekong Delta, and the Yukon River Delta. These three study regions have vastly different size domains, climates, populations, and economies, but all require enhanced coastal water monitoring in the face of climate change. These regions are all naturally dynamic and experience strong seasonal phenomena but are also subject to changing hydrological forcings and direct anthropogenic perturbations. This leaves these coastal areas vulnerable to altered biogeochemical cycling, …

The Early Late Miocene Cessation Of Deep And Intermediate Water Circulation Through The Central American Seaway, Benjamin Stanley Kwiatkowski

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The state of the middle late Miocene global ocean circulations which regulated climate and affected deep ocean chemical environments were impacted by geographic changes. During the Miocene, cirum-equatorial circulations slowly decreased, which included through the seaway between the Americas called the Central American Seaway (CAS). Its shoaling and ultimate closing led to the onset of modern day oceanic circulation as characterized by the global thermohaline circulation. However, this seaway has a long hotly debated history concerning the timing of its restriction and shallowing owing in part to the shifting of tectonic plates.

The goal of this research focuses on investigating …

2024 February - Tennessee Monthly Climate Report, Tennessee Climate Office, East Tennessee State University

Tennessee Climate Office Monthly Reports

No abstract provided.

Sparse Bayesian Variable Selection In High‐Dimensional Logistic Regression Models With Correlated Priors, Zhuanzhuan Ma, Zifei Han, Souparno Ghosh, Liucang Wu, Min Wang

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

In this paper, we propose a sparse Bayesian procedure with global and local(GL) shrinkage priors for the problems of variable selection and classification in high-dimensional logistic regression models. In particular, we consider two types of GL shrinkage priors for the regression coefficients, the horseshoe (HS)prior and the normal-gamma (NG) prior, and then specify a correlated prior for the binary vector to distinguish models with the same size. The GL priors are then combined with mixture representations of logistic distribution to construct a hierarchical Bayes model that allows efficient implementation of a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) to generate samples from …

Agricultural Groundcover Update January 2024, Justin Laycock

Natural resources published reports

Summary

• About 94% of the grainbelt had adequate (more than 50%) vegetative groundcover to prevent wind erosion in January 2024.
• In the northern half of the grainbelt, a larger-than-average area has 51–60% groundcover, which is expected to decrease to below 50% over the coming months.
• Just under 6% of the grainbelt (855,000 ha) had less than 50% groundcover, which is inadequate to prevent wind erosion. West Midlands Ag Soil Zone had the highest risk of wind erosion and 14.5% of this farmland had inadequate groundcover.
• Less than 0.5% of the grainbelt had a high to very high risk of wind …

Rational Design Of Peptide-Based Materials Informed By Multiscale Molecular Dynamics Simulations, Dhwanit Rahul Dave

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The challenge of establishing a sustainable and circular economy for materials in medicine and technology necessitates bioinspired design. Nature's intricate machinery, forged through evolution, relies on a finite set of biomolecular building blocks with through-bond and through-space interactions. Repurposing these molecular building blocks requires a seamless integration of computational modeling, design, and experimental validation. The tools and concepts developed in this thesis pioneer new directions in peptide-materials design, grounded in fundamental principles of physical chemistry. We present a synergistic approach that integrates experimental designs and computational methods, specifically molecular dynamics simulations, to gain in-depth molecular insights crucial for advancing the …

A Causal Inference Approach For Spike Train Interactions, Zach Saccomano

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Since the 1960s, neuroscientists have worked on the problem of estimating synaptic properties, such as connectivity and strength, from simultaneously recorded spike trains. Recent years have seen renewed interest in the problem coinciding with rapid advances in experimental technologies, including an approximate exponential increase in the number of neurons that can be recorded in parallel and perturbation techniques such as optogenetics that can be used to calibrate and validate causal hypotheses about functional connectivity. This thesis presents a mathematical examination of synaptic inference from two perspectives: (1) using in vivo data and biophysical models, we ask in what cases the …

Making Sense Of Making Parole In New York, Alexandra Mcglinchy

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

For many individuals incarcerated in New York, the initial step toward freedom begins with an interview with the Board of Parole. This process, however, is frequently a complex and challenging one, characterized by repeated denials and extended incarcerations. The disparity in outcomes – where one individual may receive over 20 denials and another is granted parole on their first attempt – highlights the ambiguity and inconsistency in the parole decision-making process. This project aims to clarify the factors that influence parole decisions by concentrating on measurable variables. These include age, race, duration of sentence served, proportion of sentence served, type …

Exploring Perceptions Of Algorithmic Bias In Video Interviewing Software: The Importance Of Ai Hiring Education, Theresa Fister, George K. Thiruvathukal

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Many employers across various fields are incorporating artificial intelligence into their hiring processes. Existing research suggests that although artificial intelligence is often perceived as neutral by its advocates, it can inadvertently perpetuate both implicit and explicit biases present in the engineers and designers responsible for its development through the machine learning process. To delve deeper into this issue, we conducted a research study involving 25 recent graduates from 12 different industries. Our aim was to gain insights into the workings of AI video interviewing software and to understand the reactions of recent graduates who have used this technology. Considering the …

New Discoveries On Protein Recruitment And Regulation During The Early Stages Of The Dna Damage Response Pathways, Kelly Waters, Donald E. Spratt

Chemistry

Maintaining genomic stability and properly repairing damaged DNA is essential to staying healthy and preserving cellular homeostasis. The five major pathways involved in repairing eukaryotic DNA include base excision repair (BER), nucleotide excision repair (NER), mismatch repair (MMR), non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), and homologous recombination (HR). When these pathways do not properly repair damaged DNA, genomic stability is compromised and can contribute to diseases such as cancer. It is essential that the causes of DNA damage and the consequent repair pathways are fully understood, yet the initial recruitment and regulation of DNA damage response proteins remains unclear. In this review, …

Learning From Machines: How Negative Feedback From Machines Improves Learning Between Humans, Tengjian Zou, Gokhan Ertug, Thomas Roulet

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Prior studies on learning from failure primarily focus on how individuals learn from failure feedback given by other individuals. It is unclear whether and how the advent of machine feedback may influence individuals’ learning from failures. We suggest that failure feedback provided by machines facilitates learning in two ways. First, it focuses individuals’ attention on their failures, leading them to learn from these failures. Second, it serves as a catalyzer, motivating individuals to learn more from failure feedback given to them by other individuals as well. In addition, this catalyzing effect is stronger if the failure feedback from machines and …

Automorphisms: New Cars For 2024, Jane P. Sheldon

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

This review of new cars for 2024 demonstrates total variation.

Mathematical Relationships, David Sheskin

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

A digital collage depicting the mathematics of interpersonal relationships.

Hypatia's Math: A Play, Daniel S. Helman

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

Hypatia of Alexandria was the most famous woman mathematician of antiquity, and her story is as relevant now as it was in her day. This play tells her story. While the events in the play are based closely on extant historical texts, inspiring excerpts from classical works by Porphyry, Plotinus, Aristotle and Plato are woven into the action to further the plot and add to the classical mood. Dance and music, including an Homeric hymn, add to the artistic texture.

The Free Numbers, Jessica Greenbaum

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Persistence: A Romance In Many Dimensions, Tony Bedenikovic

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

This is a short poem which is inspired by Edwin Abbott's Flatland. The poem follows the narrator through a typical day with a focus on the individual's persistence in the face of nature's brawn and magnitude.

The Point At Infinity, Josh Hiller

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

A poem about the longing for parallel lines to meet.

The Conviction Of Miss Prediction, Dane C. Joseph

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

Miss Prediction is questioned in a court of law over her involvement in the mischaracterization of linear models when they were inappropriate.

Pied Beauty, Pamela Vale

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

This is a shape poem about the beauty of mathematics formed with the lines containing the number of words corresponding to the digits in pi (to 26 places).

Variations On A Meme: Thoughts And Responses To Isaac Elishakoff’S “Differential Equations Of Love And Love Of Differential Equations", Jonathan Kinsman

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

This folder contains reflections and three poems written in response to Isaac Elishakoff’s JHM article “Differential Equations of Love and Love of Differential Equations" (July 2019).

A Personal And Multicultural Journey Through The World Of Games (With A Little Math) Or Book Review: Around The World In Eighty Games, By Marcus Du Sautoy, Karl-Dieter Crisman

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

Author and number theorist Marcus Du Sautoy has written a book about games, including a light dose of mathematics. In it, he journeys through far more than (his choice of) eighty of “the world’s greatest games”, laying out a charming voyage through many lands. Despite some reservations, this reviewer finds that Around the World in Eighty Games is well-written and quite fascinating, largely due to its idiosyncratic, personal nature.

Quik Church, Route 3.141592, Sarah Voss

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

The following set of poems are from one of ten sections in a collection of poetry called Quik Church: Short Poems that Travel Far. Each section illustrates one of many “streets” which individuals often take on their spiritual journey through life, e.g., the Old Gods Path, Nature Trail, Memory Skyway, Mystic Avenue, Pastoral Lane, and so on. This one, Route 3.141592, is the route of mathematics and the science that depends on mathematics.

Hockey Card Statistics Are Stagnant And Stale, Egan J. Chernoff

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

The purchase of a coffee at a Canadian institution, Tim Hortons, turned into an informal investigation into hockey card statistics. Turns out, hockey card statistics are stagnant and stale. This was disappointing to see because the game of hockey has changed, the statistics used to keep track of the game have changed. Even the cards have changed. Well, not the back of the cards, which do not well enough paint a statistical picture of the hockey player photographed on the front of the card.

The Limits Of Data Science, David E. Drew

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

Data science can contribute valuable predictions in diverse fields. But I write to express some concerns and red flags. I suggest that data science is being oversold. This article contains three questions that I believe data science must address as this new discipline matures. Is data science significantly different from statistics? This is a question that has haunted the field since the term first was introduced. By creating algorithms based on current societal decision rules that may be biased, even bigoted, does data science lock in and exacerbate inequality? Scholars have identified a continuum from data to information to knowledge …

Reflections On Teaching Mathematics In Prisons, Matthew Junge

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

I started teaching math in prison ten years ago during my PhD studies. Since then, I have taught for three different college-in-prison programs across the country. The goal of this piece is to communicate my experiences with the hopes of encouraging more mathematicians to get involved.

Polygon Quadrature And Dodecagonal Tessellation With Pattern Blocks, Gunhan Caglayan, Ben Kamau

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

The age-old challenge of polygon quadrature involves converting a polygon into a square of equal area. In this educational resource, we utilize pattern blocks, commonly employed instructional aids in K-12 education across the United States, to visually demonstrate the transformation of different equilateral and regular pattern block polygons into squares. This is achieved through the application of the area conservation principle and geometric congruence/similarity reasoning.

Benefits Of Risk-Taking In Teaching Mathematics, Mehmet Kirmizi, Abigail Quansah, Zafer Buber

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

In this paper, we, a group of graduate students in mathematics education, discuss some of the metacognitive benefits of the non-traditional teaching methods we observed employed by one of our professors. This professor’s methods challenge the common belief that well-managed class time is key for positive learning outcomes. Instead, he orients his teaching to share the exploration and sense-making phases of doing mathematics. The goal of his teaching is to share the idea that learning mathematics is a process of “refining our mathematical thinking”. We argue that this approach to teaching helps students see that mathematics is a human endeavor, …