Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Nitrogen Use Efficiency Of Timothy Populations, G Belanger, C Murray, R Michaud, F Gastal, J E. Richards

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The objective of this study was to determine the variability in N use efficiency among field-grown timothy (Phelum pratense L.) populations. Shoot biomass and N uptake were measured at the end of the spring growth cycle on six timothy populations fertilized with three N rates at two sites in Eastern Canada. The variability in shoot biomass among populations was similar under limiting and nonlimiting N conditions. The ranking of the populations, however, differed under limiting and non-limiting N conditions, and also between the two sites under limiting N conditions. The differences in shoot biomass among populations under highly N …

Characterization Of The Leaf Anatomy Of Panicum Virgatum Germplasm, D S. Fisher, J C. Burns, J P. Pienaar

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Both the yield and digestibility of C4 grasses have been related to anatomical characteristics. The objectives of the current work were to test switchgrass with varied yield and digestibility for variation in anatomical measurements and to develop a method of graphically representing the anatomy. Six accessions were established in replicated field plots and the lamina were sampled, dehydrated and embedded for anatomical study. Midrib dimensions were excluded from study but perimeters of primary and secondary vascular bundles in the lamina were measured. Lamina thickness was determined at the primary bundle, secondary bundle and at the minimum between the bundles. The …

Relation Of Root And Shoot Morphology Of Grass Seedlings, L E. Moser, A J. Smart

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Grass seedling establishment is dependent on adventitious root development. However, evaluating the establishment status of a seeding by excavating a population of seedlings and determining root morphology is difficult and generally will not be undertaken. Based on both field and greenhouse studies we have found that root and shoot morphological development is closely related within species, for intermediate wheatgrass, [Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkw. and D.R. Dewey], smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.), switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), and big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman) seedling populations. Easily observable developmental stages of seedling shoots were related to adventitious root development. …

Optimal Control For Delayed Nanoparticle Dosing Models Using Conformable Derivatives, Drew Barnes, Micah Duffield, Abi Waters

2024 Student Academic Showcase

Previously, a research group used a theoretical state-space framework to study the effects nanoparticles had on cancerous tumors in mice. Since sensors are used to determine the number of nanoparticles found in the bloodstream, it is natural for a time delay to occur when making adjustments to the dosage. Here, an equal time delay has been put on the state and control to study the effects of multiple dosage strategies. However, these researchers did not consider how the absorption of these nanoparticles would affect treatment. In this project, we construct a model using a conformable derivative first introduced by Khalil …

Crash Analysis For Lake St. Louis Police Department, Anna Carter, Melisa Murillo, Joseph E. Smith, Mackenzie Holmes

2024 Student Academic Showcase

Lake Saint Louis is a small city of just under 17,000 people in the same county as Lindenwood University. Originally a planned community, it is easily accessible by Interstate 64 and Interstate 70. It also contains two large lakes and shopping centers that attracts visitors to the area. As a result, there has been a number of traffic accidents in the area. The Police Department has requested that Lindenwood’s PIC Math group review data from 2018-2023 to identify patterns. The group has reviewed the crash data at several locations and under multiple conditions and has uncovered some noticeable trends. The …

An Undergraduate Laboratory Module Integrating Organic Chemistry And Polymer Science, Arya Patel, Michael Arik, Amrita Sarkar

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Polymer science is receiving wider acceptance in the organic chemistry community; thus, it is imperative to include it in the undergraduate organic chemistry curriculum. Despite the ever-increasing popularity of the topic of polymer chemistry in undergraduate curricula, a comprehensive laboratory experiment module describing a polypeptide synthesis by ring-opening polymerization of N-carboxyanhydride (NCA ROP) and a homopolymer synthesis by activators-regenerated by electron-transfer for atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP) has yet to be proposed. Herein, we report a semester-long, ten week undergraduate laboratory module focusing on the synthesis and analytical characterization of polyalanine and polystyrene for an advanced organic chemistry class. …

Simulating Continuous Gravitational Waves, Ivan Mihael Villalba Moran

SACAD: Scholarly Activities

Using a table-top Michelson Interferometer to replicate Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) arrangement, we use sound waves to simulate Continuous Gravitational Waves (CWs). Using the NumPy package in Python programming, we recover the frequency of the injected sinusoidal signal using the mathematics of the Fourier Transform. Currently, we are trying to implement the Hidden Markov Model along with the Viterbi Algorithm as a method to detect Wandering Continuous Gravitational Waves.

Unlocking The Secret To Weight Loss: Discovering The Most Effective Green Tea Products, Seoyeon Kim

SACAD: Scholarly Activities

To find the most effective green tea product that can replace

weight loss drugs, we compared the amount of catechin in six

different green tea products. The result was green tea latte

powder contained a significantly small amount of catechin

compared to other products, and the dried pearl green tea leaves

had the highest amount of catechin. Also, the unexpected result

was that green tea supplements had less amount of catechin

compared to dried leaves or even tea bags that are commonly

sold in markets.

Software Based Approach To Realtime Sports Graphics, Honesty Beaton

SACAD: Scholarly Activities

My research presents a software-based approach to real-time sports graphics, leveraging Unity, C#, and OpenCV. We aimed to enhance viewer engagement by providing dynamic and interactive graphics during sports broadcasts. My method involves real-time analysis of video feeds to cut out players, place them onto a virtual court, and underlay immersive visuals, giving the appearance that virtual visuals physically exist beneath a player. Evaluation of this approach demonstrates the effectiveness of utilizing a software-based approach for real-time sports graphics, akin to traditional hardware-based solutions

Apigenin Alleviates Autistic-Like Stereotyped Repetitive Behaviors And Mitigates Brain Oxidative Stress In Mice, Petrilla Jayaprakash, Dmytro Isaev, Keun-Hang Susan Yang, Rami Beiram, Murat Oz, Bassem Sadek

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Studying the involvement of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), specifically α7-nAChRs, in neuropsychiatric brain disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has gained a growing interest. The flavonoid apigenin (APG) has been confirmed in its pharmacological action as a positive allosteric modulator of α7-nAChRs. However, there is no research describing the pharmacological potential of APG in ASD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the subchronic systemic treatment of APG (10–30 mg/kg) on ASD-like repetitive and compulsive-like behaviors and oxidative stress status in the hippocampus and cerebellum in BTBR mice, utilizing the reference drug aripiprazole (ARP, 1 …

Gender Detection In Facial Images: A Comprehensive Cnn Analysis, Jose N T Ambrosio, Anas Hourani, Magdalene Moy

SACAD: Scholarly Activities

This research investigates the construction of a robust gender detection system using facial features and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), exploring the impact of different layer configurations on accuracy and computational efficiency. With a validation accuracy of 91%, findings illuminate the nuanced relationship between precision and computational resources, enriching discussions on facial recognition technologies.

Float Like A Butterfly, Sting Like A Bee!, Kobe D. Rome

SACAD: Scholarly Activities

By injecting an electron into the empty pie* molecular orbital (LUMO) of Amino Acids in gas phase, we measure the Vertical Attachment Energies (VAEs) for the formation of short-lived anion states of these species using electron transmission spectroscopy (ETS). Our ETS study, a first of its kind to measure the VAE for the simplest of proteins, Glycine-Glycine (Gly-Gly), is currently in progress. Based on our previous measurements for several Amino Acids including Glycine, we expect a common range of attachment energy (1.50 – 2.00 eV) for Gly-Gly.

Optimizing Nba Roster Construction, Nick R. Riccardi

Sport Management - All Scholarship

This study aims to quantify the effect that complementary player types have on team success in the National Basketball Association. Using cluster analysis, player-seasons are redefined from their traditional basketball positions to better encompass the roles that players play. For the 10 seasons of data, the best player for each of the 30 teams in the league is determined and teams are grouped based on the cluster of their best player. Ordinary Least Squares regressions are performed to test what player types fit together best. The results of this study show the importance of complementary workers to a firm’s success.

Artificial Intelligence Could Probably Write This Essay Better Than Me, Claire Martino

Augustana Center for the Study of Ethics Essay Contest

No abstract provided.

Nanocavity-Mediated Purcell Enhancement Of Er In Tio2 Thin Films Grown Via Atomic Layer Deposition, Cheng Ji, Michael T Solomon, Gregory D Grant, Koichi Tanaka, Muchuan Hua, Jianguo Wen, Sagar Kumar Seth, Connor P Horn, Ignas Masiulionis, Manish Kumar Singh, Sean E Sullivan, F Joseph Heremans, David D Awschalom, Supratik Guha, Alan M Dibos

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The use of trivalent erbium (Er3+), typically embedded as an atomic defect in the solid-state, has widespread adoption as a dopant in telecommunication devices and shows promise as a spin-based quantum memory for quantum communication. In particular, its natural telecom C-band optical transition and spin-photon interface make it an ideal candidate for integration into existing optical fiber networks without the need for quantum frequency conversion. However, successful scaling requires a host material with few intrinsic nuclear spins, compatibility with semiconductor foundry processes, and straightforward integration with silicon photonics. Here, we present Er-doped titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin film growth on silicon …

All-Optical Probes Of Particle-Like Charge Migration Dynamics, Kyle A. Hamer

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Particle-like charge migration (CM) is the coherent, back-and-forth motion of a positively-charged electron hole along the backbone of a molecule following a sudden ionization. CM in small molecules generally occurs on an Angstrom (10^-10 m) spatial scale and an attosecond (10^-18 s) timescale. I use time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) to simulate CM modes in organic molecules, and to explore all-optical probes of this attosecond electron dynamics using high-harmonic spectroscopy (HHS). By leveraging my results from previous studies of two-center interferences in carbon dichalcogens, in which I separated the harmonic signal into contributions from individual Kohn-Sham orbitals, I first …

The Development Of An Electrochemistry Experiment For Analytical Chemistry, Kaitlin Hickman

2024 Student Academic Showcase

The analytical chemistry course at Lindenwood University discusses the use of electrochemistry as part of the course curriculum. Much of the course content has practical lab experiments that teach the students the skills that they need if they enter the workforce as analytical chemists. The current lab curriculum does not have an experiment in electrochemistry. Dr. Delgado and Ms. Hickman are working on the redesign of an experiment that was intended for a physical chemistry class as a new lab that uses available technology and analytical techniques that can be written for the use in future semesters of the analytical …

The Conformable Information Filter, Sophia Hungerford, Joseph E. Smith

2024 Student Academic Showcase

In this project, we construct an information filter associated with a linear continuous control system corrupted by some noise. Here, the system is defined in terms of a conformable derivative introduced by Khalil et al. in 2014. This time-weighted derivative shares many of the same properties as the classical derivative but lacks the usual semigroup property associated with the exponential. Mathematically, this conformable information filter is a backward-time counterpart of the recently constructed conformable Kalman filter. Here, the inverse of the error covariance associated with the Kalman filter becomes the information matrix for the information filter. The conformable information filter …

Youth In Need Data Analysis, Drew Barnes, Ryan Eckman, Abi Waters

2024 Student Academic Showcase

Youth In Need is a nonprofit that offers mental and physical health resources to kids under the age of 19 in the St. Charles area. They have been in operation for 50 years. Youth In Need is concerned that their services may have been negatively impacted by the pandemic. They have asked Lindenwood’s PIC Math group to review their data over 2015-2023 and identify trends. Identifying these trends may help the client optimize their resources. So far, the group has identified trends when the intake of new clients occurs as well as trends between the counselors’ client-scores and clients’ self-scores …

An Exploration Of Companion Robots, Annelyse Lockhart

2024 Student Academic Showcase

Japan and the United States have a drastically different view towards artificial intelligence and smart machines. Within my project, I did an exploratory analysis of robotics within the United States and Japan, and posed the question as to why Japan has substantially more robotics within their day-to-day life. I took an in-depth look at Japanese robotics that do not exist within the United States, as well as explored the biases behind smart machines in both cultures. Judging Category: Exploratory

Post-Modeling Adjustments And Delivered Dose Verification Of The 6fff Beam Model Commissioned For The Monaco Treatment Planning System, Grant C. Debevec

LSU Master's Theses

External beam radiation therapy has been shown to be an effective treatment method for tumors and abnormalities of the spine and vertebral region. Treating the spine using a stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) technique can reduce toxicity to the spinal cord. The 6 MV flattening filter free (6FFF) beam model is currently used to plan and calculate dose for SBRT treatment plans, and the treatment plans are delivered using a linear accelerator (LINAC).

The commissioned beam model represents an invariant component of a LINAC. For volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) treatment plans, the multileaf collimator (MLC) positions are changing throughout …

Quandle Rings, Idempotents And Cocycle Invariants Of Knots, Dipali Swain

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Quandles are sets with self-distributive binary operations that axiomatize the three Reidemeister movesin classical knot theory. In an attempt to bring ring theoretic techniques to the study of quandles, a theory of quandle rings analogous to the classical theory of group rings where several interconnections between quandles and their associated quandle rings have been explored. Functoriality of the construction implies that morphisms of quandle rings give a natural enhancement of the well-known quandle coloring and quandle 2 cocycle invariant of knots and links.

The dissertation is structured into two main parts. In the first part, we delve into quandle rings …

Climate Change, Migration, And Health: (Near-) Global Evidence, Brian Thiede

Sustainability Seminar Series

Climate change is expected to have widespread impacts on social and environmental systems, with implications for human health and wellbeing. The expansion of georeferenced data on population health and mobility provides new opportunities to measure these impacts. In this seminar, I will discuss new findings from analyses of climate effects on health and migration using “big microdata” from censuses and surveys around the world. I will also discuss the non- trivial limitations to these data and outline how they can be integrated with mixed-methods approaches to better-understand the social costs of climate change.

Modeling An Infection Outbreak With Quarantine: The Sibkr Model, Mikenna Dew, Amanda Langosch, Theadora Baker-Wallerstein

Rose-Hulman Undergraduate Mathematics Journal

Influenza is a respiratory infection that places a substantial burden in the world population each year. In this project, we study and interpret a data set from a flu outbreak in a British boarding school in 1978 with mathematical modeling. First, we propose a generalization of the SIR model based on the quarantine measure in place and establish the long-time behavior of the model. By analyzing the model mathematically, we determine the analytic formulas of the basic reproduction number, the long-time limit of solutions, and the maximum number of infection population. Moreover, we estimate the parameters of the model based …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald: Big Red By Ai, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

Magazine edition of the College Heights Herald for the period March 3 - April 8, 2024.

• Big Red, Is That You?
• Anderson, Alexandria. Letter from the Editor - Artificial Intelligence
• Phelps, Maggie. What is AI? - Artificial Intelligence
• AI’s Impact on Higher Education
• Reed, Bailey. Students Share Opinions on AI
• Abney, Shayla. WKU Faculty Discuss AI in Courses
• Hawkins, Kaylee. AI’s Impact on Blackboard Ultra
• Randolph, Eli. AI Recreates a WKU Tour
• Shaw, Cameron. WKU Department of Political Science Hosts Dead President’s Tour

Performing Distributed Quantum Calculations In A Multi-Cloud Architecture Secured By The Quantum Key Distribution Protocol, Jose Luis Lo Huang, Vincent C. Emeakaroha

Department of Computer Science Publications

Quantum computing (QC) is an emerging area that yearly improves and develops more advances in the number of qubits and the available infrastructure for public users. Nowadays, the main cloud service providers (CSP) are implementing different mechanisms to support access to their quantum computers, which can be used to perform small experiments, test hybrid algorithms and prove quantum theories. Recent research work have discussed the low capacity of using quantum computers in a single CSP to perform quantum computation that are needed to solve different experiments for real world problems. Thus, there are needs for computing powers in the form …

Game 'Make 24', Seunghyeok Jang

SACAD: Scholarly Activities

• Basic numerical skills are a must-have in today’s world. However, children are not picking up the four basic numerical skills adequately.

• To improve their mathematical skills, they need a way to learn the numerical skills easily.

• "Make 24" is a game for young children who are having a difficult time with basic numerical operations. The game helps children improve their numerical skills by playing this game.

Arsenic Contamination Needs Serious Attention: An Opinion And Global Scenario, Abhijnan Bhat School Of Food Science And Environmental Health, Kamna Ravi Health, Engineering & Materials Sciences (Hems) Hub, Furong Tian Nanolab Research Centre, Baljit Singh Micra Biodiagnostics Technology Gateway

Articles

Arsenic (As) contamination is a serious global concern, polluting our natural resources, including water and soil, and posing a danger to the environment and public health. Arsenic is present in the groundwater of several countries and this contaminated water is used for irrigation, drinking, and food preparation, which poses the greatest threat to public health. Nearly 106 countries are affected by groundwater arsenic contamination and an estimated 230 million individuals worldwide are exposed to its adverse health effects, including increased cancer risks, associated cardiovascular disease and diabetes, skin lesions, neurological effects, kidney damage, and foetal or cognitive development-related complications. Arsenic …

Comparing Cognitive Theories Of Learning Transfer To Advance Cybersecurity Instruction, Assessment, And Testing, Daniel T. Hickey Ph.D., Ronald J. Kantor

Journal of Cybersecurity Education, Research and Practice

The cybersecurity threat landscape evolves quickly, continually, and consequentially. This means that the transfer of cybersecurity learning is crucial. We compared how different recognized “cognitive” transfer theories might help explain and synergize three aspects of cybersecurity education. These include teaching and training in diverse settings, assessing learning formatively & summatively, and testing & measuring achievement, proficiency, & readiness. We excluded newer sociocultural theories and their implications for inclusion as we explore those theories elsewhere. We first summarized the history of cybersecurity education and proficiency standards considering transfer theories. We then explored each theory and reviewed the most relevant cybersecurity education …

Constraints On Metastable Superheavy Dark Matter Coupled To Sterile Neutrinos With The Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, B. Fick, K. Nguyen, D. Nitz, Et Al.

Michigan Tech Publications

Dark matter particles could be superheavy, provided their lifetime is much longer than the age of the Universe. Using the sensitivity of the Pierre Auger Observatory to ultrahigh energy neutrinos and photons, we constrain a specific extension of the Standard Model of particle physics that meets the lifetime requirement for a superheavy particle by coupling it to a sector of ultralight sterile neutrinos. Our results show that, for a typical dark coupling constant of 0.1, the mixing angle θm between active and sterile neutrinos must satisfy, roughly, θm≲1.5×10-6(MX/109 GeV)-2 for a mass MX of the dark-matter particle between 108 GeV …