Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

2024 October 17 - Tennessee Weekly Drought Summary, Tennessee Climate Office, East Tennessee State University

Tennessee Climate Office Weekly Drought Summaries

No abstract provided.

Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning In Ocular Oncology, Retinoblastoma (Armor): Experience With A Multiracial Cohort, Vijitha S. Vempuluru, Rajiv Viriyala, Virinchi Ayyagari, Komal Bakal, Patanjali Bhamidipati, Krishna Krishore Dhara, Sandor R. Ferenczy, Carol L. Shields, Swathi Kaliki

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

Background: The color variation in fundus images from differences in melanin concentrations across races can affect the accuracy of artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) models. Hence, we studied the performance of our AI model (with proven efficacy in an Asian-Indian cohort) in a multiracial cohort for detecting and classifying intraocular RB (iRB). Methods: Retrospective observational study. Results: Of 210 eyes, 153 (73%) belonged to White, 37 (18%) to African American, 9 (4%) to Asian, 6 (3%) to Hispanic races, based on the U.S. Office of Management and Budget's Statistical Policy Directive No.15 and 5 (2%) had no reported race. …

Proton-Decay Branches And Structures In 7li And In Neutron-Poor Nuclides Around Calcium, Nicolas Danato Dronchi

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The collection of proton decays observed via invariant-mass spectroscopy in this work have been applied to an array of topics in nuclear physics including the continuum effects on near-threshold resonances, the branching ratio for a quasi-bound system, and evidence for the evolution of shell structure. In the first experiment, the 6He(d,n)7Li* reaction was employed in an attempt to populate a resonance predicted by an ab initio calculation. No evidence of this resonance was found leading to a discussion on how the model needs to be improved in order to treat nuclear states above multiple thresholds. In a separate experiment, the …

Effect Of Electronegativity On Environmentally Persistent Free Radical (Epfr) Formation, Persistence, And Toxicity On Transition Metal Oxides, Syed Monjur Ahmed

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are a group of emerging environmental pollutants. Owing to their resonance structures, EPFRs have significantly higher lifetimes than typical free radicals, and can induce the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) known to cause pulmonary and cardiovascular dysfunction. EPFRs form by the adsorption of organic precursors on a transition metal oxide (TMO) surface and exhibit enough stability to cause negative health and environmental effects. While aromatic and substituted aromatic precursors form EPFRs on TMO surface at elevated temperatures and numerous substituted organics are ubiquitous in various industrial processes and household products, studies have largely overlooked …

Ultra-High-Energy Gamma-Ray Bubble Around Microquasar V4641 Sgr, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, K. S. Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, A. Carramiñana, S. Casanova, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutiño De León, E. De La Fuente, D. Depaoli, N. Di Lalla, R. Diaz Hernandez, B. L. Dingus, M. A. Duvernois, M. Durocher, J. C. Diaz-Velez, K. Engle, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, K. Fang, N. Fraija, S. Fraija, J. A. Garcia-Gonzalez, F. Garfias, A. Gonzalez Munoz, M. M. Gonzalez, J. A. Goodman, S. Groetsch, J. P. Harding, I. Herzog, J. Hinton, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P. Huntemeyer, A. Iriarte, V. Joshi, S. Kaufmann, D. Kieda, C. De Leon, J. Lee, H. Leon Vargas, J. T. Linnemann, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, K. Malone, O. Martinez, J. Martinez-Castro, J. A. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J. A. Morales-Soto, E. Moreno, M. Mostafa, A. Nayerhoda, L. Nellen, M. Newbold, M. U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, L. Olivera-Nieto, N. Omodei, M. Osorio, Y. Perez Araujo, E. G. Perez-Perez, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-Gonzalez, E. Ruiz-Velasco, H. Salazar, D. Salazar-Gallegos, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, J. Serna-Franco, A. J. Smith, Y. Son, R. W. Springer, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Urena-Mena, E. Varela, L. Villasenor, Xiaojie Wang, I. J. Watson, E. Willox, S. Yun-Carcamo, H. Zhou

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Microquasars are laboratories for the study of jets of relativistic particles produced by accretion onto a spinning black hole. Microquasars are near enough to allow detailed imaging of spatial features across the multiwavelength spectrum. The recent extension measurement of the spatial morphology of a microquasar, SS 433, to TeV gamma rays¹ localizes the acceleration of electrons at shocks in the jet far from the black hole². V4641 Sagittarii (V4641 Sgr) is a similar binary system with a black hole and B-type main-sequence companion star and has an orbit period of 2.8 days (refs. ^3,4). It stands …

Proton-Decay Branches And Structures In 7li And In Neutron-Poor Nuclides Around Calcium, Nicolas Danato Dronchi

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The collection of proton decays observed via invariant-mass spectroscopy in this work have been applied to an array of topics in nuclear physics including the continuum effects on near-threshold resonances, the branching ratio for a quasi-bound system, and evidence for the evolution of shell structure. In the first experiment, the 6He(d,n)7Li* reaction was employed in an attempt to populate a resonance predicted by an ab initio calculation. No evidence of this resonance was found leading to a discussion on how the model needs to be improved in order to treat nuclear states above multiple thresholds. In a separate experiment, the …

Super-Resolution Magnetic Microscopy And Earth’S Field Magnetometry With Color Centers In Diamond, Nazanin Mosavian

Optical Science and Engineering ETDs

In recent years, the negatively charged nitrogen- vacancy (NV) center has emerged as a promising solid-state color center capable of measuring magnetic fields with high sensi- tivity and spatial resolution under ambient conditions. In this thesis I will discuss how we perform super resolution magnetic microscopy and acquire magnetic field images of nanoparticle samples at 100 nm resolution. I will explain how 3D flux concentrators increase magnetic field amplitude and allows us to measure vector component magnetic fields as low as 50 µT with a diamond magnetometer, without the use of an additional bias magnetic field. I also describe how …

Exploring The Association Between Parenting Stress And A Child’S Exposure To Positive Childhood Experiences (Pces), Elizabeth Crouch Ph.D., Elizabeth Radcliff, Monique J. Brown Ph.D., Mph, Peiyin Hung Ph.D

Faculty Publications

High levels of parenting stress, defined as a caregiver or parent feeling stress or aggravation from parenting, has been previously shown to be associated with an increased likelihood of neglect, child maltreatment, and household dysfunction: adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Despite the potential mitigation of positive childhood experiences (PCEs) on ACEs, prior studies on the increased likelihood of a child experiencing ACEs due to parenting stress have left a critical question unanswered: whether high parenting stress may decrease a child’s likelihood of experiencing PCEs. We analyzed the 2019–2020 National Survey of Children’s Health to examine whether higher levels of parenting stress …

Media Framing Of Environmental Issues In Jordanian Digital Newspapers, Ramez Abuhasirah, Rasha Salameh

This study investigated media framing of environmental issues in Jordanian digital newspapers. The study employed a media survey approach with content analysis of 335 journalistic articles published on the websites of three major Jordanian newspapers (Al-Ghad, Al-Dustour, Al-Rai) from January 1, 2022, to June 30, 2022. Multi-stage sampling ensured representativeness. Results showed all three Jordanian digital newspapers addressed environmental issues, with Al-Ghad leading (40%), followed by Al-Dustour (31%) and Al-Rai (29%). The study found a diversity of sources in journalistic treatment (officials: 29%, news agencies: 18.5%, journalists: 12.8%). Climate change (23.1%), water resources (17.3%), and food security (14.1%) were the …

University Students' Reliance In Hebron Governorate On Social Media As A Source Of Information About The October 7, 2023 War: A Field Study, Asmaa Musa Al-Adam, Sulaika Muhammad Al-Qadi

The study aimed to determine the extent to which university students in Hebron Governorate rely on social media platforms for coverage of the October 7th war. This study follows descriptive research, using a media audience survey methodology. Data were collected using a questionnaire administered to a random sample of university students in Hebron Governorate, consisting of 211 students. The study reached several conclusions most notably: that the reliance of university students in Hebron Governorate on social media to follow news about the war on Gaza is high, with a percentage of 69.5%. The study also showed that there are cognitive, …

Choosing A Forage System For The Future In Dairying Production In The Western Part Of France, Eric P. Gendron

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A group of 25 dairy farms (44 ha, 38 cows, 7500 kg of milk/cow) was used for elaborating technical and economic references on dairy production systems in the department of Maine et Loire (western France), between 1986 and 1991. Changes in choosing a forage system began with the restriction of dairy production under EC rules introduced in 1984. Very intensive systems (over 10 000 kg of milk/ ha) no longer guaranteed that a better level of production per cow meant a better income for the farmer. After 5 years of study it was possible to propose 4 forage systems with …

Effect Of Grazing Order On Live-Weight Gain Of Young Female Beef Cattle, Jose Fernando Piva Lobato, Blas H.J Cristaldo Albospino, Fernando Rigo Magalhaves, Assan Ali Taher

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In order to evaluate the daily live-weight gain and overall live weight of 2 groups of 30 female beef calves from weaning until 2 years of age, an experiment was run at Field Station al Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, in Eldorado do Sul district. Group A was introduced to the paddocks first, and the animals were allowed to graze half the available pasture. These animals were then removed and group B was introduced and grazed the remaining available pasture, During the first (28 June 1990-19 October 1990), and second (12 June 1991-16 October 1991 ), winter-spring seasons, …

Animal Keeping By Grazing, I Vinczeffy, M Kota

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

This study calls attention to some important parameters and effects of the pasture and grazing, on the basis of our experiments carried out during the last 45 years.

Flood-Tolerant Pastures For Dairying In Northland, P W. Woods, J N. Couchman, A O. Taylor

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Much flood-prone land in Northland consists of fertile alluvial flats which are or could be used for dairy production. Heavy rainfall from subtropical cyclonic dislurbances have caused severe pastoral damage to these areas by flooding during late summer and early autumn. A range of pasture species were screened to ascertain plant surviv_al under depleted oxygen levels and warm temperatures which occur in flood water during summer. Subtropical grasses screened tended to survive immersion better than temperate species. Creeping grasses such as Hemarthria altissima and Paspalum distichum were more tolerant than P. dilatatum. Of the temperate species, Phalaris arundinacea, Phleum …

Selecting Lucerne Cultivars For Commercial Crop Processing And Fractionation In New South Wales, Australia, H T. Ostrowski-Meissner, F Falconer

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The study was undertaken in the Lachlari River irrigation basin located in the central west region of New South Wales to obtain the fractionation characteristics of 23 varieties of lucerne (Medicago sativa) grown as pure crop stands on a commercial lucerne establishment and select for further study those varieties that showed potential for crop fractionation purposes. The results indicate that of the 23 varieties tested, 9 showed potential for commercial-scale fractionation. These were the Aurora, Trifecta, WL605, Hunterfield, GT58, Sequel, Validor, CUFlOI and Pioneer 5929 with the first three giving the highest yields of crop dry matter, crude …

Effect Of Seasonal Variation In The Fractionation Pattern Of Lucerne Selected For Commercial Crop Processing In Australia, H T. Ostrowski-Meissner, C J. Pearson, L M. Shields

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The study was conducted on an irrigated lucerne (Medicago sativa) crop (cv. Aurora) harvested at the late vegetative stage of maturity for processing and fractionation during autumn, spring, early and late summer. The experiment was carried out using replicated commercial-sized irrigation bays with lucerne dry matter (DM) yields estimated to average some 19 t OM/ha/year. Despite irrigation, the lucerne harvested during the late summer season had the lowest nitrogen content at the time of harvest and yielded less lower crude protein lucerne extract as compared to those crops harvested during the spring and autumn seasons. The lower efficiency …

Direct Drilling Forage Maize Into Dairy Pastures In South-Eastern Australia, K E. Pritchard

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Forage maize (Zea mays) was planted directly into uncultivated dairy pastures after desiccation. A planter specially developed for this purpose, which used coulters, tynes and narrow rotary hoes to place fertiliser and seed precisely, achieved excellent crop establishment in dense red­brown earth soils. Yields were up to 22.7 t of dry matter/ha, similar to that of cultivated seedbeds with flood irrigation and 10% less than with furrow irrigation. Key agronomic requirements for success were a specialised planter, good surface drainage, adequate pre- and post­planting weed control and a requirement for early application of irrigation water and nitrogen fertiliser. …

Breeding To Reduce Susceptibility To Bloat In Dairy Cattle, C A. Morris, R J. Wilkins

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

An experiment with Friesian x Jersey cross cattle was established in 1972 at Ruakura, in order to select in 2 closed herds for high (HS) or low (LS) susceptibility to pasture bloat. By the 1990 calf crop, there was a difference in adjusted bloat score between herds of 0.94 units (1.93 genetic standard deviations). The repeatability and heritability of a single bloat score were 0.13+0.02, and 0.12+0.06, with a heritability of 0.52+0.22 for mean bloat score. Annual death rates from bloat have averaged 2.6% in the HS herd and 0.8% in the LS herd (0% in the LS herd for …

Mixed Herb Ley No Advantage Over Ryegrass-White Clover Pasture For Early Lamb Growth, I Popay, W Stiefel

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The performance of lambs at 2 stocking rates, on either ryegrass­white clover (Lolium perenne- Trifolium repens) pasture or on a mixed herb ley, were compared under a system which precluded use of pesticides (including drenches) and highly soluble fertilisers. The mixed herb ley included 8 grasses, 5 legumes and 3 herbs: chicory (Cichorium lntybus), sheep's burnet (Sangulsorba minor ssp. muricata) and narrow-leaved plantain (Plantago lanceolata). In the first grazing cycle, there were no significant differences in lamb growth rates, nor in faecal egg counts, between the two pasture types, although in the …

Use Of Italian Ryegrass To Increase Feed Production From Dairy Pastures In Northern New Zealand, E R. Thom, R A. Prestidge

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The effect on pasture production In late winter-early spring was examined by direct drilling Italian ryegrass (Lolilum multiflorum Lam. cv, Concord) into plots previously sprayed with glyphosate or undersowing into existing pasture in autumn 1989 and 1990. Nitrogen fertiliser (25 kg N/ha) was applied to half the area of each plot on 3 occasions during winter. Concord ryegrass was also direct drilled after spraying wilh glyphosate in late summer (February) and autumn (March) in a third experiment in 1991. All plots were rotationally grazed by cows. On average for late winter-early spring 1989 and 1990, direct-drilled and undersown plots …

Effect Of A Reduction In Concentrate Price On Feed Costs And Its Implication For Grass Silage In The Diet Of Lactating Dairy Cows, S Fitzgerald

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The proposed reduction in the price of cereals (29%) under the EC price reform proposals for agricultural produce will have n large effect on feed costs and on the balance between grass silage and concentrates in the diet of lactating dairy cows while indoors. The effect of n reduction in the price of dairy concentrates with varying silage production costs on the daily feed costs for a 525 kg cow yielding 25 kg milk/day in early lactation, while losing 0.5 kg/day body weight, was calculated when given a mixed diet of grass silage and concentrates to provide an MB intake …

Development Of A Genotype For Out-Of-Season Lambing, J F. Smith, D L. Johnson, T C. Reid

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A flock derived from Polled Dorset x Romney sheep has been selected for advanced lambing date for 20 years. After 15 years over 90% of selected ewes displayed the ability to lamb in autumn, Genetic parameters have been analysed and high heritability (0.23) and repeatability (0.36) estimated. Current research is aimed at selection of divergent flocks based on use of breeding values for date of lambing and the elucidation of what has altered in the physiological and endocrinological mechanisms controlling the onset of breeding season and also the identification of early indicator traits in the male and female progeny, Preliminary …

United States Forage Exports To Japan And Korea, William P. Ford

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Bxports are becoming an important market for the western USA forage producer. Forage products exported are: lucerne hay and cubes, timothy hay, oat hay, sudangrass hay, and perennial ryegrass and Kentucky bluegrass straw, Demand for forage products from Japan is now playing an increasing role on West Coast markets. In 1991, Japan Imported 720 214 t of lucerne hay cubes, The USA supplies approximately 77% of these lucerne cubes and Canada about 21 %, Baled hay imports for Japan totalled 1 038 297 t in 1991. 87% of these hay products came from the USA. Total hay and cube imports …

Intensive Lucerne Production In Washington, William P. Ford, Dayid W. Evans

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Hay is the sixth valuable agricultural commoditing in the state of Washington in the USA. Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) was grown on 190350 ha and represents 74% of all hay, 36% of the state's lucerne acreage and 48% of its production was found in two counties. Three to 5 harvests per year can be made in Central Washington. Lucerne farms under intensive management can yield as much as 22.4 Mg of 12% moisture hay/ha. A balance between stand maintenance, high yields and good quality hay can be obtained by cutting lucerne at the bud stage of growth. In 1991, over …

Use Of Irrigated Lucerne At Different Growth Stages Ii. Utilization For Milk Production, Ernesto John, Agustin Vidal, Fernando Baez, Patricio Soto

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Lactating cows were assigned in a random block design to 6 treatments in a 3x2 factorial arrangement: 3 growth stages pre-bud (PB), 10% flower ( I OPP) and 50% flower (50PF), leaving 2 post-grazing residuals, high (HR) and low (LR).· Treatments were evaluated in 2 seasons, November-January (Sl) and January-March (S2). Forty-eight cows were used in each of the two seasons. During Sl milk production per cow (kg/day) was 20.0, 18,9 and 17.2 for PB, IOPF and 50PF for low residuals and 19.5; 19.8 and 20.3 for high residuals, respectively. For S2 milk production was lower but followed similar trends. …

Role Of Pasture Composition And Grazing Management In Affecting The Incidence Of Bloat On Farms, V R. Carruthers, G J. Brier, H V. Henderson, J.A S. Lancaster, D A. Mccallum

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Farm operations, pasture composition and pre- and post-grazing association with herbage mass were monitored from May 1990 to November 1991 on 16 pairs of dairy farms. Each pair included one farm with a history of bloat despite routine use of chemical preventatives (bloat-prone) and one farm which did not routinely use chemicals to prevent bloat rarely observed bloat (bloat-free). The incidence of bloat during spring was low in both years. From August to November bloat-free farms had less ryegrass (Lolium) (58%, v. 66%) and more other grass species (25% v. 17%) in pasture, and higher pre- and post-grazing …

Digestion And Rumen Metabolism Of Forages By Red Deer, Goats And Sheep, T N. Barry, B M.F Dominngue, D O. Freudenberger

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Digestive efficiency was compared in Red deer, goats and sheep fed chaffed lucerne hay (Experiment 1), Goats digested fibre more efficiently than sheep and had the greatest rate of rumen ammonia production, Red deer showed the capacity to increase VFI from winter (W) to summer (S) without depressing apparent digestibility, through slowing the rate of rumen particulate outflow. Fractional outflow rate (FOR) of water from the rumen and the ratio FOR water/ FOR particulate matter were both considerably greater for deer than for sheep and goats. It was concluded that this would enable deer to digest soluble ration components more …

Development Of Specialist Forage Systems For Deer Production, T N. Barry, J H. Niezen, G Semiadi, J Hodgson, P R. Wilson, A M. Ataja

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Red clover (RC) (Trlfolium pratense L.) and chicory (C) (Cichorium intybus L.) were evaluated in 3 experiments as alternative forages to perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) (0.85)-white clover (Trifolium repens L.) (0.15) pasture (PRG) for deer production. During lactation (summer), fawns grazed with their hinds on RC grew faster (410-433 g/day) than their contemporaries reared on PRO (322/g/day). Fawns reared on C during lactation were intermediate, From weaning to 12 months of age, young deer were consistently heavier when grazing RC than PRG, with the advantage at 12 months being 7 kg for stags and 3 …

Influence Of Renovation Of Old Fescue Pasture On Beef Production, J A. Josifovich

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The influence of renovation by interseeding of a 30-year-old fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) pasture, naturally invaded with dallisgrass (Paspalum dilatatum Poir.), was evaluated during 3 years at the Pergamino Experiment Station. The renovation was done by minimum tillage equipment using a spring-toothed cultivator, The mixture sown was brome (Bromus 1mioloides H.B.K.) cv. Martfn Fierro MAG, chicory (Cichoriumorium intybus L.) cv. San Pedro INTA, red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) cv. El Surefto INTA, white clover (Trifolium repens L,) cv. El Lucero MAG, and Persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum L.) cv. La yapalNTA. There were 2 treatments: …

Some Effects Of Sole Pasture Diets On Reproductive Performance Of Lactating Cows In Seasonal Dairy Herds, K L. Macmillan, S Mcdougall

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The reproductive performance of 631 dairy cows in 5 herds which had a single concentrated calving programme in late winter was monitored through the post-partum period and the breeding programme. The cows in ench herd were of high genetic merit and received a sole ration of pasture grazed in situ. Anoestrous animals which had failed to ovulate since calving were identified before the start of the breeding programme. The average post-partum interval to first oestrus was 48.5 days, but ranged from 35.7 to 58,5 days in individual herds. It was 86.6 days in the anoestrous cows which represented 18.7% of …