Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Pumping Groundwater For Salinity Control In Wa, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Natural resources factsheets

DPIRD recommends that groundwater pumping is used as part of an integrated water and salinity management program.

Groundwater pumping can lower local water tables, recover land for production and reduce the spread of local salinity or to protect high value assets at risk, such as townsites, roads or railway lines. Pump water can be discharged to safe disposal points or used on farm for desalination.

Roaded Catchments In Wa, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Natural resources factsheets

Roaded catchments are earthwork structures designed to increase the amount of run-off from the catchment above a receiving farm dam.

Roaded catchments are lined with clay and compacted to make a smooth surface that reduces infiltration and increases run-off. Roaded catchments should discharge into a silt trap and then into a dam (excavated earth tank). This combined structure should be fenced to exclude livestock.

The Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development recommends that roaded catchments are part of an integrated water and salinity management program.

The information in this page is only a guide – seek expert advice before …

Natural Revegetation And No Grazing, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Natural resources factsheets

The department recommends that any dryland salinity management is part of a whole farm, and preferably a whole catchment, water management plan.

Natural revegetation and no grazing are only recommended for sites that are too saline, waterlogged and/or inundated for other treatments to succeed in the south-west of Western Australia. It is also the preferred option for the lowest possible cost.

Saltland Pastures In Western Australia, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Natural resources factsheets

Saltland pastures are associations of salt and waterlogging-tolerant plants that produce fodder for grazing animals from saline and waterlogged soils. Saltland pastures can improve production from saltland sites, reduce salt movement from the site, and improve soil structure.

The Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development recommends that saltland management is part of a whole-farm, and preferably whole-catchment, plan.

Managing Subsurface Water In Wa, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Natural resources factsheets

The Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (DPIRD) recommends that subsurface water management is part of an integrated water and salinity program. An integrated program can help to lower water tables and alleviate problems with waterlogging, rising salinity, and infrastructure damage.

Religious Pressure And Perceptions Of Sexual Intimacy, Madison A. Price, Lenny Perry, Olivia Farias, Emma Jay

Science University Research Symposium (SURS)

Religious beliefs and sexual inclinations have co-existed, correlated, and conflicted within individuals. For years, the religious pressure bestowed upon an individual has been known to impact one’s sexual decisions, including one’s timing of sexual activity, the number of sexual partners one has, and one’s attitude toward pre-marital sex (Armstrong et al., 2019). This study examines the impact of religious pressure on these beliefs regarding sexual intimacy. A sample of about 38 college students ranging from ages 18-23 were randomly assigned to 3 different groups ranging from low to high religious pressure. Religious pressure was distributed in the form of music, …

Refining Chlorosulfonation Methods For The Synthesis Of A Perfluoroalkyl Arylsulfonimide (Pfsi) Monomer, Ainsley P. Foster, Benjamin Varney, Hua Mei

Science University Research Symposium (SURS)

Proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are sources of energy that are clean, quiet, and highly responsive to changes in power needs, making them promising for use in automobiles and other portable power devices. The electrolyte of a PEM cell–the layer responsible for conductivity–is a polymer membrane, commonly consisting of perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acid (PFSA) polymers. Perfluoroalkyl arylsulfonimide (PFSI) polymers are expected to improve the efficiency of PEM fuel cells through optimal stability and proton conductivity. The trifluovinylether (TFVE) aryl perfluorosulfonamide monomer is a new PFSI monomer proposed to fulfill these benefits once polymerized. A six-step synthesis route was initially designed to …

Srebp Versus Nrf1 Behavior Based On Cholesterol Sensing In Niemann-Pick Type C Using A Cos-7 Model, Christine Tran, Jacob Mcintyre, Felicity Sterling Phd

Science University Research Symposium (SURS)

Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a rare genetic disorder where cholesterol and lipid transport are blocked leading to accumulation in the lysosomes (National Organization of Rare Diseases (NORD), 2024; Boston Children’s Hospital). This accumulation can lead to neurological issues, such as developmental delay, ataxia, seizures, and early onset of dementia (Patterson, 2000). To study this disease more in depth, scientists have identified a drug called U18666A that induces NPC in the cells it is administered to (Lu, et al., 2015) which allows for the study of other structures and biomolecules in the sterol sensing and transport pathways.

Cholesterol has …

Improving Lambing Rates And Changing Turnoff Times To Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Mandy Curnow, Sud Kharel, Claire Macleay

Animal production and livestock research reports

Running a flock of sheep and raising lambs generates both direct (enteric fermentation) and indirect (lime, fertiliser, fuel, production of feed) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. There are ways to reduce emissions through sheep reproduction.

Using Convolutional Neural Network To Determine Time Window For Analyzing Local Shear-Wave Splitting Measurements, Yanwei Zhang, Stephen S. Gao

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The time window for analyzing local shear-wave splitting (SWS) phases significantly affects the quality of measurements, revealing a noteworthy domain influence. In this study, an approach using convolutional neural network (CNN) is applied to determine the end of time window (e), which has a similar idea of the phase-picking CNNs. The start of time window is 0.5 s before e. Our data set contains 803 human-labeled measurements, recorded from three stations located in Ridgecrest, California. These measurements are foreshocks and aftershocks of an M 7.1 earthquake on 6 July 2019. After 21 times shifting on each measurement, 90% of the …

A Complete Invariant For Shift Equivalence For Boolean Matrices And Finite Relations, Ethan Akin, Marian Mrozek, Mateusz Przybylski, Jim Wiseman

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We give a complete invariant for shift equivalence for Boolean matrices (equivalently finite relations), in terms of the period, the induced partial order on recurrent components, and the cohomology class of the relation on those components.

Electric Ant (Little Fire Ant), Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Biosecurity factsheets

The electric ant (Wasmannia auropunctata), also known as little fire ant, is a tiny, gold-brown coloured ant, and one of the world's most invasive pests. Electric ants prey on and compete with other insects and can displace large numbers of native animals, ants, and other insects.

They affect human health and lifestyle, can inflict painful stings on humans and wild and domestic animals, can blind pets, damage the environment, and have the potential to severely affect agricultural industries.

The electric ant is native to Central and South America and was first detected in Australia in 2006 in Queensland, where there …

Unital Kadison-Schwarz Type Of Maps, Hajir Khalid Al Zadjali

Theses

Quantum entanglement is an important phenomenon in quantum information theory; its uses range from quantum teleportation and quantum cryptography to solving classical communication problems. One of the issues concerning entanglement is the classification of mixed states into separable states. Positive maps define affine mappings between sets of states of C∗algebras, and have been used to develop a separability criterion for quantum states. Completely positive maps are insensitive to entanglement detection, a weaker notion of positivity is thus needed to detect them. This condition that is stronger than positivity but weaker than complete positivity is given by the Kadison-Schwarz (KS) inequality. …

Quantum Markov Chains Related To Certain Lattice Models, Ali Ghaleb Alaali

Theses

A central open problem in quantum probability is the establishment of a general theory of Markov fields. This thesis contributes to the general theory by introducing quantum probability and applies it via the construction of quantum Markov chains on different hierarchical lattices (Cayley trees). This thesis examines two types of trees one of which corresponds to the Ising-XY-Model on a Cayley tree of order two which then the existence of Markov chains can be utilized to detect phase transitions. The other discussed model is a (1,3) tree in which the XY-model is considered to determine the existence of a quantum …

Corrosion Behavior Of 304 Stainless Steel In H2so4/Nacl In The Absence And Presence Of Molybdate And Tungstate, Asma Yousef Alkaabi

Theses

In this study, the corrosion behavior of 304 austenitic stainless steel was investigated in H₂SO₄ solutions, H₂SO₄ as a function of Cl^- ions concentration, H₂SO₄ as a function of MoO4^2- ions concentration, and H₂SO₄ + Cl^- ions as a function of MoO₄^2- ions concentration. Moreover, the synergistic inhibition of MoO4^2- and WO₄^2- ions was investigated in 0.1 M H₂SO₄, with the solution pH adjusted to 3.0. The findings show that the corrosion current density (i …

Assessing The Spatiotemporal Variability Of Aerosol Optical Depth And Particle Sizes In The Uae Atmosphere Using Remotely Sensed Data, Bashayer Ali Alzahmi

Theses

This thesis investigates atmospheric aerosol concentrations, with a particular focus on the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The study maps the spatial and temporal variations in Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and characterizes aerosols using high-resolution Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) products. The primary objective of this research is to enhance the understanding of aerosol dynamics in the UAE by distinguishing between natural and anthropogenic aerosols through the Angström Exponent (AE) and assessing their impacts on local climate, air quality, and public health. The study employs Remote Sensing (RS) techniques to conduct detailed environmental assessments, analyzing AOD variability across daily, monthly, seasonal, …

Effect Of Virtual Reality Technology On Computer Science/Engineering Based Laboratories Education – A Case Study, Mariam A. Al Nuaimi

Theses

Virtual reality (VR) is becoming increasingly popular and essential in education as institutions strive to incorporate technology in education. In Engineering and Computer Science, students face difficulties in comprehending many abstract complex concepts that are typically studied in Labs. This situation worsens with hardware failure and the lack of pedagogical tools. The main goal of this paper is to investigate the impact of VR environments on learning advanced and complex STEM concepts. We also explore the impact of different human-computer interaction (HCI) techniques including gamification on the learning experience of STEM students. To measure such impact, we developed a VR …

Effect Of Virtual Reality Technology On Computer Science/Engineering Based Laboratories Education – A Case Study, Saeed Salem Al Shebli

Theses

The rapid growth in mobile applications raises critical concerns about the security of apps and users' privacy, especially in permission control. Mobile apps access sensitive information of users, and the current cybersecurity landscape faces a huge challenge in ensuring the least required permissions are granted. This research focuses on designing an advanced permission recommendation system that couples the strengths of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Machine Learning (ML) in solving most of the existing gaps in permission management, thus guiding which permissions are mostly needed by Android applications.

The research thus follows a multi-classification approach, integrating state-of-the-art ML techniques with …

On Fractional Dunkl-Type Laplacian, Saba Ibrahim Aldan

Theses

This thesis presents a comprehensive study of the fractional Dunkl-type Laplacian operator (−∥x∥ Δ��)^σ for 0<σ<1, through four equivalent key characterizations: the heat semigroup characterization, the pointwise characterization, the spherical mean characterization, and through an extension theorem. These characterizations offer different perspectives on the operator ∥x∥Δ_��, generalizing known results for the Euclidean Laplace operator by incorporating reflection symmetries, making it highly relevant in the harmonic analysis of root systems.

By exploring these characterizations, the thesis highlights the deep connections between the fractional operator (−∥x∥Δ_��)^σ and harmonic analysis, as well as its broader applicability in mathematical physics and partial differential equations.

A Secure And Effective Framework For Key Concept Mining From Educational Content Using Large Language Models, Ashika Sameem Abdul Rasheed

Theses

This thesis examines the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in education, with a focus on improving performance and implementing strong security measures. The research has two main goals, namely, the development of an effective lecture summarization technique using LLMs and identifying and addressing security vulnerabilities in LLM applications according to OWASP (Open Web Application Security Project) guidelines. For the former goal, we have proposed an effective framework for fine-tuning LLMs using real lecture datasets and compared the performance of different LLMs. For the latter goal, we conducted a thorough review of the application dataflow of the proposed framework and …

Ai-Powered Pedagogy: Revolutionizing Students’ Learning Experiences Through Integration Of Ai Technologies, Amna Awad Alsaedi

Theses

This research examines the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) within the educational sector with the aim of enhancing student learning outcomes. AI offers tailored learning experiences, interactive educational content, prompt feedback, and access to diverse learning resources. Nonetheless, challenges including addiction, costliness, privacy infringement, bias, ethical dilemmas, market competition, and moral considerations require resolution. Research particularly delves into the utilization of chatbots, and algorithms designed to simulate human interactions and generate text resembling human speech. Educational applications powered by AI have the potential to heighten student engagement, comprehension, and academic performance by substituting traditional assignments with concise, information-rich lessons. Furthermore, …

Solvent- And Temperature-Controlled Regioselective Catalytic Synthesis Of Potentially Bioactive, Sara Helmy Saada

Theses

Isothiocyanates play a crucial role as essential components in the development of effective synthetic methods for producing key chemical intermediates and biologically active molecules. Similarly, N-arylcyanothioformamide compounds have been employed to create structural cores for numerous heterocycles in a one-step reaction. In this study, we describe the first consistent regiospecific reaction of isothiocyanates with a variety of substituted N-arylcyanothioformamides in a 1:1 molar ratio to generate a series of imidazolidineiminodithiones decorated with a multitude of functional groups on both aromatic rings. The reaction is carried out at room temperature using a 20 mol% catalytic amount of triethylamine with …

Exclusion Tests For Approximating All Solutions Of Nonlinear Equations, Yasmeen Omar Hamida

Theses

The exclusion test is a mathematical technique used to isolate and approximate the solutions of nonlinear equations within a specified interval. This thesis aims to construct a new test leveraging the principles of the exclusion test to achieve faster convergence to the zeros of any given interval within a compact domain. By selecting an alternative objective function and employing nonlinear equations, the proposed method significantly reduces the number of subintervals required for accurate approximation. The key finding of this research is the development of a more efficient algorithm that enhances the speed of convergence. The implications of these findings are …

Developing Policies For Digital Twin Data Quality And Security Controls, Ahmad Abdelbaset Hassan

Theses

This thesis is concerned with the data quality and security of the digital twin and how it is going to impact its adoption, trustworthiness, and potential for real-world applications. By addressing the potential vulnerabilities and ensuring the integrity of data, this research aims to contribute to the development of robust and trustworthy digital twin policies that to complement the existing international standards across different domains. Moreover, it underscores the important need to establish robust policies to ensure the successful and secure deployment of digital twins across industries. Previous research, while valuable, may not have fully addressed the critical interplay between …

Testing The Molecular Cloud Paradigm For Ultra-High-Energy Gamma Ray Emission From The Direction Of Snr G106.3+2.7, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, S. Groetsch, P. Hüntemeyer, M. Najafi, R. Turner, X. Wang, Et Al.

Michigan Tech Publications

Context. Supernova remnants (SNRs) are believed to be capable of accelerating cosmic rays (CRs) to PeV energies. SNR G106.3+2.7 is a prime PeVatron candidate. It is formed by a head region, where the pulsar J2229+6114 and its boomerang-shaped pulsar wind nebula are located, and a tail region containing SN ejecta. The lack of observed gamma ray emission from the two regions of this SNR has made it difficult to assess which region would be responsible for the PeV CRs. Aims. We aim to characterize the very-high-energy (VHE, 0.1-100 TeV) gamma ray emission from SNR G106.3+2.7 by determining the morphology and …

Search For An Ev-Scale Sterile Neutrino Using Improved High-Energy 𝜈𝜇 Event Reconstruction In Icecube, Karen Andeen

Physics Faculty Research and Publications

This Letter presents the result of a 3+1 sterile neutrino search using 10.7 yr of IceCube data. We analyze atmospheric muon neutrinos that traverse the Earth with energies ranging from 0.5 to 100 TeV, incorporating significant improvements in modeling neutrino flux and detector response compared to earlier studies. Notably, for the first time, we categorize data into starting and throughgoing events, distinguishing neutrino interactions with vertices inside or outside the instrumented volume, to improve energy resolution. The best-fit point for a 3+1 model is found to be at sin2⁡(2⁢𝜃24)=0.16 and Δ⁢𝑚241 =3.5  eV2, which agrees with previous iterations of this …

Greenhouse Gas Accounting For Western Australian Agriculture 2022, Johnny Machon, Mandy Curnow, Christophe D'Abbadie

Climate Science Published Reports

This report presents new modelling of the greenhouse gas emissions attributable to Western Australia’s agricultural industries and provides an overview of sequestration at the state level. The report improves and expands on the estimates from previous technical reports by the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (DPIRD), most notably Curnow et al. (2022). The report presents a new, much broader picture, capturing not only emissions from agricultural activities in Western Australia (WA), but also the emissions associated with the production of agricultural inputs and the sequestration that occurs on agriculturally managed lands. This broader picture of emissions aligns with …

From Biased Data Inputs To Your Discriminatory Diagnosis Outputs: A Review Of Legal Liability For Artificial Intelligence In Healthcare, Amber Bolden

Michigan Technology Law Review

While health disparities in America occur due to non-medical circumstances, certain protected classes experience healthcare disparities due to the biases of medical professionals. Biased diagnoses, both intentional or unintentional, have existed throughout the history of the medical profession. That those biases are becoming data for training algorithms raises concerns as the medical field increasingly incorporates and standardizes artificial and augmented intelligence in patient diagnosis and treatment. Currently unregulated but with lifedetermining potential, artificial intelligence (AI) when used in patient treatment leads to important questions: should the doctor, the provider, or the AI developers be liable, and for what? Section II …

Breaking And Trapping Cooper Pairs By Rydberg-Molecule Spectroscopy In Atomic Fermi Superfluids, Chih Chun Chien, S. I. Mistakidis, H. R. Sadeghpour

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We propose a spectroscopic probe of the breaking and localization of Cooper pairs in an atomic Fermi superfluid interacting with a Rydberg impurity. This is achieved by monitoring the formation of diatomic and triatomic ultralong-range molecular species in the superfluid across the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS)-Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) crossover. The triatomic Rydberg molecule in the BEC regime heralds the trapping of a tightly bound Cooper pair, reminiscent of pion capture in nuclear matter, while the breaking of a Cooper pair on the BCS side by a diatomic Rydberg molecule is evocative of binary-star tidal disruption by a black hole. Spectroscopy of the …

Spectral Study Of Very-High-Energy Gamma Rays From Ss 433 With Hawc, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, A. Bernal, K. S. Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, A. Carramiñana, S. Casanova, J. Cotzomi, E. De La Fuente, D. Depaoli, N. Di Lalla, R. Diaz Hernandez, B. L. Dingus, M. A. Duvernois, K. Engel, T. Ergin, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, K. Fang, N. Fraija, S. Fraija, J. A. Garcia-Gonzalez, A. Gonzalez Munoz, M. M. Gonzalez, J. A. Goodman, S. Groetsch, J. P. Harding, S. Hernandez-Cadena, I. Herzog, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P. Huntemeyer, A. Iriarte, S. Kaufmann, A. Lara, W. H. Lee, J. Lee, C. De Leon, H. Leon Vargas, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, K. Malone, J. Martinez-Castro, J. A. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J. A. Montes, E. Moreno, M. Mostafa, L. Nellen, M. U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, Y. Perez Araujo, E. G. Perez-Perez, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-Gonzalez, E. Ruiz-Velasco, H. Salazar, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, J. Serna-Franco, A. J. Smith, Y. Son, R. W. Springer, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Urena-Mena, E. Varela, L. Villasenor, Xiaojie Wang, Z. Wang, I. J. Watson, S. Yu, S. Yun-Carcamo, H. Zhou

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Very-high-energy (0.1-100 TeV) gamma-ray emissions were observed in High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) data from the lobes of the micro quasar SS 433, making them the first set of astrophysical jets that were resolved at TeV energies. In this work, we update the analysis of SS 433 using 2565 days of data from the HAWC observatory. Our analysis reports the detection of a point-like source in the east lobe at a significance of 6.6σ and in the west lobe at a significance of 8.2σ. For each jet lobe, we localize the gamma-ray emission and identify a best-fit position. The locations are …