Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Spanish Subclover Ecotypes: Evaluation Under Grazing, L Olea, C Bueno, J Paredes, P Verdasco

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The introduction of australian subclover varieties in the mediterranean environments of Europe has had irregular results (Olea et al., 1985). For this reason, important projects in selection and genetic improvement of subclover varieties adapted to these environments are carried out in Spain, Portu­gal and Sardinia. The selection program used at Badajoz (Spain) has origi­nated ecotypes which have been described by Gomez Pitera (1985) and Gonzalez et al. (1986). These ecotypes have short cycles, high level of hardseedness, high seed production and long flowering period. The final stage in the selection of pasture plants must include the evaluation under grazing. Subclover …

Behaviours Of Annual And Perennial Grass Species In The Same Genus, Y Takasaki, A Isoda, H Nojima, H Oizumi

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A genus including crop species usually has annual and peren­nial species. Although life history is genetically controlled, it is not fully investigated how it is expressed (Nooden, 1980; Woolhouse, 1982). We examined the behaviours of annuals and perennials in the genera Avena, Hordeum, Lolium and Oryza.

Vegetative Growth And Development Of Norwegian Poa Pratensis L. Ecotypes As Influenced By Temperature And Photoperiod, T S. Aamlid

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Temperature and photoperiod are the main environmental factors affecting flower induction in Poa pratensis (Heide, 1980). As all tillers have a juvenile stage, seed yield depends on both number and size of tillers at the end of the previous growth season. Furthermore, most of the seeds are produced on aerial shoots from the rhizome system (Borg, 1974). Thus, the aim of the experiment was to examine the influence of tem­perature and photoperiod on growth and development of various ecotypes.

Research And Engagement Day Poster

Bryant REDay (Research and Engagement Day)

No abstract provided.

Bryant's Ai Hack-A-Thon

Bryant REDay (Research and Engagement Day)

No abstract provided.

Research And Engagement Day Poster

Bryant REDay (Research and Engagement Day)

No abstract provided.

Bryant University Research And Engagement Day Program

Bryant REDay (Research and Engagement Day)

No abstract provided.

Research And Engagement Day Poster

Bryant REDay (Research and Engagement Day)

No abstract provided.

Gravity Wave Activity During The 2024 Sudden Stratospheric Warmings Observed By Atmospheric Waves Experiment (Awe), Jiarong Zhang, Yucheng Zhao, Pierre‐Dominique Pautet, Ludger Scherliess, Michael J. Taylor, Hanli Liu

All Physics Faculty Publications

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Atmospheric Waves Experiment (AWE) instrument, launched in November 2023, provides direct observation of small‐scale (30–300 km) gravity waves (GWs) in the mesosphere on a global scale. This work examined changes in GW activity observed by AWE during two major Sudden Stratospheric Warmings (SSWs) in the 2023 and 2024 winter season. Northern Hemisphere (NH) midlatitude GW activity during these events shared similarities. Variations in mesospheric GW activity showed an evident correlation with the magnitude of zonal wind in the upper stratosphere. NH midlatitude GW activity at ∼87 km was reduced following the onset of …

An Ai-Driven Framework For Assessing Intersection Infrastructure And Accessibility, Logan Liddiard, Joel Pierson, Brent Chamberlain, Keith Christensen, Xiaojun Qi

Computer Science Student Research

Background: Intersections serve as vital nodes within transportation networks, facilitating the movement of pedestrians. However, their effectiveness often hinges on the quality of their infrastructure and accessibility. Furthermore, it is expensive and time-consuming to collect infrastructure data, yet is crucial for creating a safe and efficient urban landscape.

Objective: Develop an AI-driven model that leverages Google Street View to provide detailed information about intersections, helping city planners identify infrastructure and accessibility issues and supporting improvements to create safer, more accessible intersections for people of all abilities.

Ai-Based Accessibility Widget (Aibaw) Shortcomings For Blind Web Users, Joshua A. Rovira

LSU Master's Theses

With legal, ethical, and financial motivations to make their websites more accessible, many businesses and sites have begun to employ the use of artificial intelligence (AI) based widgets to automatically make necessary modifications to their sites' pages and subdomains. In this work, we conduct a qualitative case study to determine the efficacy of these AI tools as they pertain specifically to blind users. We analyze pages from twelve websites using accessiBe's AI accessibility widget and provide a taxonomy of their violations against the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1 level AA compliance. We found each website to bear numerous violations …

Three New 2+2 Quadruple Systems With Changing Inclination, Petr Zasche, Z. Henzl, M. Mašek, Jan Kára, H. Kučáková, J Merc, R. Uhlař

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

We present a unique discovery of three new detected systems showing two different phenomena together. These are 2+2 quadruple stellar systems showing two eclipsing binaries as the inner pairs. And besides that, these systems were also found to exhibit the precession of the inner orbits causing the inclination changes manifesting themselves through the eclipse depth variations. We are not aware of any similar known system on the sky nowadays, hence our discovery is really unique. In particular these systems are: CzeV4315 = HD 228777 (periods 6.7391 and 0.91932 d, inclination change of pair B of about 1.4∘ yr−1); ASASSN-V J075203.23−323102.7 …

Community Land Governance In Liberia: Implications For Tenure Security And Land Concessions, Julia R. Entwistle, Hanson Nyantakyi-Frimpong

Geography and the Environment: Faculty Scholarship

Throughout rural Africa, the intersection of customary traditions and statutory governance has often led to overlapping jurisdictions and conflicts over community land rights. In Liberia, this dynamic is particularly evident in the rise of commercial land concessions. This article examines the Liberian government’s approach to community land rights and its impacts on land tenure security, especially in the context of these concessions. This study employs a discourse analysis of Liberian land use policies alongside qualitative data from in-depth interviews with community members living near large-scale plantations. Despite historical erosion of community land rights, Liberian communities have adapted statutory frameworks to …

Dedekind-Macneille And Related Completions: Subfitness, Regularity, And Booleanness, G. Bezhanishvili, F. Dashiell Jr., M. A. Moshier, Joanne Walters-Wayland

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Completions play an important rôle for studying structure by supplying elements that in some sense “ought to be.” Among these, the Dedekind-MacNeille completion is of particular importance. In 1968 Janowitz provided necessary and sufficient conditions for it to be subfit or Boolean. Another natural separation axiom connected to these is regularity. We explore similar characterizations of when closely related completions are subfit, regular, or Boolean. We are mainly interested in the Bruns-Lakser, ideal, and canonical completions, which (unlike the Dedekind-MacNeille completion) satisfy stronger forms of distributivity. The first two are widely used in pointfree topology, while the latter is of …

A Machine-Learning Tool-Supported Methodology For Nonprofit Donor Analysis, Corbin Weiss

Campus Research Month

We developed a machine-learning tool-supported methodology for modeling the nonprofit donor relationship. This approach was demonstrated in the case of a US-based nonprofit. Conclusions were drawn from this example and tool-support provided for use by other nonprofits.

The Effects Of Ai Tutors On Beginner Programmers*, Karan Swansi

Campus Research Month

Generative AI’s ability to solve coding problems has raised concerns about Computer Science (CS) education. However, recent research has shown promise in its ability to tutor students. Specifically, The literature does not tend to adequately preserve desirable difficulties, such as active recall or higher-order thinking. And when they do, they use self-reporting instead of experiments to measure the effectiveness of the AI tutor.

Our research will address this significant research gap by using a no-code AI tutor to preserve desirable difficulties, and a randomized control experiment followed by a post-test to obtain strong evidence that AI can be an effective …

How Potential Is Potential Evapotranspiration For Representing Droughts In The Western U.S.?, Adison Davis, Grace Affram, Cody Ratterman

Student Research Symposium

The U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM) identifies areas in drought and labels them by severity.

Looking Good: The Math Behind Computer Vision*, Corbin Weiss

Campus Research Month

Exploring the mathematical foundations of a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), a foundational approach to computer vision. Then expanding this understanding to create a visualization of the representation of reality in the MLP.

Modulation Of The Pacific Meridional Mode On The Dipole Pattern Of The Conus Summertime Precipitation, Grace Affram

Student Research Symposium

Historically, the precipitation trend over the past few decades in the Contiguous United States (CONUS) exhibits a "Dry-West Wet-East" pattern; this is manifested by recent droughts/floods in the western/eastern US. However, it remains elusive what atmospheric phenomenon has potentially driven such a remarkable, and impactful precipitation pattern. Here we found that a coupled climate mode—the Pacific Meridional Mode (PMM) exerted strong impacts on the precipitation pattern over the CONUS during the summer season. We discovered a significant association between the PMM index and precipitation across the CONUS; this was manifested as a zonal dipole pattern—negative correlations in the western U.S. …

Characterizing The Hydrology Of Rock Glaciers And Other High-Mountain Stream Types In The Intermountain West, Usa, Jace Kjar, Anna Shampain

Student Research Symposium

Rock glaciers are high mountain landforms composed of an ice core covered and insulated by unconsolidated talus (Figure 1). Rock glaciers—like other forms of mountain snow and ice (e.g., surface ice glaciers)—are vital water sources in high mountain ecosystems. However, the relevance of rock glaciers for mountain hydrology has been largely overlooked. For this project, I helped to collect and analyze stream flow data from 17 sites across the Wasatch, Teton, and Northern Rockies mountain ranges including rock glacier and non-rock glacier streams. By including multiple sources, our goal was to place rock glacier streams in context.

Physical Interpretation Of The Dynamic Dual-Defect Model Of Radiation Induced Conductivity, Tyler Heggenes, Jenny Whiteley

Student Research Symposium

• Spacecraft charging is the main source of spacecraft anomalies [A]
• Spacecraft are often made of resistors
• Arcing can end a project early

Mitigation Of Lunar Dust Charging Issues Using Electron Yield, Christopher Vega

Student Research Symposium

What is Electron Yield?

• Electron Yield(EY): Ratio of electrons in over electrons out

On Mach's Principle In General Relativistic Cosmological Models, Zach Zito

Student Research Symposium

General Relativity

1. Gravity is the mechanism by which matter influences inertia
2. This influence happens across a spacelike hypersurface
3. Geometrodynamic equations mathematically describe this influence

Fiber Bundles Of The Complex Projective Space And Their Relation To Quantum Physics, Emily Wessman

Student Research Symposium

The complex projective space CPⁿ is the space of lines through the origin in Cⁿ⁺¹ with an equivalence relation defined by Z ~ λZ' for λ ∈ C*. We define the points under the equivalence relation as homogeneous coordinates, represented by [Z₀ : Z₁ : ... Z_n]. Since all Z,sub>i cannot equal zero, we can find a unique set of n coordinates (z₁,...,z_n) such that [Z₀ : Z₁ : ... : Z_n] ~ [1 : z₁ : ... : z_n] where z …

Exploring The Geometry Of Einstein's Field Equations: Understanding The Mathematics Behind Curved Spacetime, Morgan Maxwell

Student Research Symposium

Einstein's equations describe how spacetime bends in response to mass and energy:

Solving The Structure Of An Ancestral Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Natalie Turcsanski, Edna Armah

Student Research Symposium

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) regulate cell signaling by removing phosphate groups from tyrosine residues. Malfunction of these enzymes can lead to diseases such as diabetes and cancer. A conserved feature among PTPs is the catalytic acid loop, essential for phosphate removal. Computational analysis of PTP structures revealed that ancestral PTPs have considerable variation in conformations of this loop, sparking interest in their further study. The Asgard group, identified as ancestral to eukaryotic PTPs, was successfully expressed and purified under optimized conditions. Current efforts focus on optimizing crystallization to obtain larger crystals for structural analysis. This project will investigate the allosteric …

Determining The Function Of Type Iv-B Crispr-Cas Systems, Eric Jenkins, Brendon Guinn

Student Research Symposium

CRISPR-Cas systems are a diverse group of prokaryotic adaptive immune systems that defend against Mobile Genetic Elements (MGEs) such as bacteriophages and plasmids. CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins bind to guide RNAs (crRNAs) transcribed from a DNA repeat array (CRISPR array) containing spacers complementary to MGEs. Upon infection by a MGE, the Cas protein-crRNA complex binds to the target sequence in the invaders genome and cleaves the nucleic acid.

Synthesis Of Pristine Graphene On Cu Substrates Within A 3d Parameter Space, Max Haehnel

Student Research Symposium

We designed a low-pressure chemical vapor deposition system wherein the toluene combines with the carrier gas flow to contact with the substrate within the quartz tube. As toluene is a liquid at room temperature, we froze the toluene using liquid nitrogen before pumping down the chamber to low pressure. Substrate cleanliness and preparation proved to be essential in the synthesis process.

Comparative Analysis Of Vertical And Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands For Eutrophication Mitigation", Ali M. Ahmed

Al-Bahir

Constructed wetlands (CWs) serve as a sustainable and eco-friendly solution for wastewater treatment, particularly in the removal of eutrophication-causing pollutants. This review focuses on the comparative performance of Vertical Flow (VF) and Horizontal Flow (HF) Subsurface Flow (SSF) systems, assessing their efficiency in removing Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Nitrogen (TN), and Total Phosphorus (TP). VF systems demonstrate superior pollutant removal, particularly for nitrogen, due to enhanced aeration and efficient oxygenation processes. In addition, their compact design reduces land area requirements, making them advantageous in space-limited applications. Conversely, HF systems are more effective at supporting nutrient …

Aqueous Extracts Of Zingiber Officinale Rhizomes And Hibiscus Sabdariffa Leaves Enhanced Plasmodium Berghei-Infected Mice's Hematological Parameters., Fatimah Aluko Abubakar, Raliat Abimbola Aladodo, Aremu Abubakar

Al-Bahir

Malaria remains a global health challenge, leading to severe hematological complications. Natural alternatives such as Zingiber officinale and Hibiscus sabdariffa, known for their antioxidant and bioactive properties, are being investigated for their therapeutic potential. This study examines the hematological benefits of Z. officinale and H. sabdariffa in mice infected with the common malaria research model, NK65 chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium berghei. Forty-two albino mice, averaging 24.5 ± 1.23g, were randomly divided into six groups. Mice in group A were uninfected which served as the normal control group. Mice in groups B, C, D, E, and F were inoculated intraperitoneally with P. …