Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Ability Of Strained C Atoms To Act As An Electron Donor, Mariusz Michalczyk, Wiktor Zierkiewicz, Steve Scheiner

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

There is a great deal of strain within the propellane and pyramidane hydrocarbon molecules. Quantum chemical calculations evaluate how this strain affects the ability of the bridgehead C atom to act as an electron donor in hydrogen, halogen, chalcogen, pnicogen, and tetrel bonds, despite the absence of a formal C lone pair or CC multiple bond. The strain induces the formation of a substantial region of negative electrostatic potential on this C atom which can attract the σ-hole of an electrophile. Each such molecule also contains an occupied molecular orbital that can be described as either a C lone pair …

Hybridize Functions: A Tool For Automatically Refactoring Imperative Deep Learning Programs To Graph Execution, Raffi Khatchadourian, Tatiana Castro Vélez, Mehdi Bagherzadeh, Nan Jia, Anita Raja

Publications and Research

Efficiency is essential to support responsiveness w.r.t. ever-growing datasets, especially for Deep Learning (DL) systems. DL frameworks have traditionally embraced deferred execution-style DL code—supporting symbolic, graph-based Deep Neural Network (DNN) computation. While scalable, such development is error-prone, non-intuitive, and difficult to debug. Consequently, more natural, imperative DL frameworks encouraging eager execution have emerged but at the expense of run-time performance. Though hybrid approaches aim for the "best of both worlds," using them effectively requires subtle considerations to make code amenable to safe, accurate, and efficient graph execution—avoiding performance bottlenecks and semantically inequivalent results. We discuss the engineering aspects of a …

Genetic Basis Of An Adaptive Polymorphism Controlling Butterfly Silver Iridescence, Luca Livraghi, Joseph J. Hanly, Ling S. Loh, Albie Henry, Vaughn M. Shirey, Cheng-Chia Tsai, Nanfang Yu, Steven M. Van Belleghem, W. Mark Roberts, Carol Boggs, Arnaud Martin

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Noninvasive Assessment Of The Tumor Using Cfdna, Irfan Alahi

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Next-generation high-throughput sequencing, which is increasingly generating vast amounts of genomic data, offers opportunities for a deeper understanding of the multifaceted nature of cancer and, hence, better patient care. However, the inherently complex and heterogeneous nature of cancer and the significant challenges in the generated data demand advanced data-driven frameworks to decode the molecular underpinnings of cancer. Moreover, the undeniable need for non-invasive approaches presents additional technical challenges in this domain. This dissertation proposes novel frameworks addressing three key challenges in computational oncology. The first study of this dissertation develops a data-driven algorithm to identify stemness signatures in metastatic castration-resistant …

Oriented Matroid Circuit Polytopes, Jodi Mcwhirter

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Matroids give rise to several natural constructions of polytopes. Inspired by this, we examine polytopes that arise from the signed circuits of an oriented matroid. We give the dimensions of these polytopes arising from graphical oriented matroids and their duals. Moreover, we consider polytopes constructed from cocircuits of oriented matroids generated by the positive roots in any type A root system. We give an explicit description of their face structure and determine the Ehrhart series. We also study an action of the symmetric group on these polytopes, giving a full description the subpolytopes fixed by each permutation. These type A …

Re: Approval Letter For The Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit (Bpsou) Butte Treatment Lagoons (Btl) Groundwater Treatment System Quarterly Operation And Maintenance Report – Quarter 4 2024 (Dated March 28, 2025), Emma Rott

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

First-Principles Studies Of Electrical Polarization Effects In Ferroelectrics, Antiferroelectrics And Defects, Louis Alaerts

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Over the last few decades, density functional theory (DFT) has emerged as a formidable tool in the field of computational material science. Not only has it become a complementary method approach to experiments by rationalizing the many complex properties of materials but its formidable predictive power can also be used to identify the most promising candidates for specific applications. Point defects in semiconductors have become an important platform for the development of quantum networks due to their ability to act as spin-photon interfaces. Spectral diffusion, the broadening of the optical emission line, can significantly impact the performance of these defect-based …

A Preliminary Study Of Hilbert–Kunz Functions: Coefficient Behavior In A Normal Affine Semigroup Ring, Jesus A. Mendiola Herrera

Theses and Dissertations

In 1890, David Hilbert published a set of notes on what now constitutes one of the bases of Commutative Algebra; his work would eventually influence the efforts of mathematicians like Ernst Kunz. In 1969, Ernst Kunz introduced a particular mapping regarding modules of regular local rings. His goal was to characterize Noetherian local rings of prime characteristic by computing the length of the composition series under Frobenius power transformations. In this thesis, the focus will be on stating the initial steps on finding the coefficients of the Hilbert-Kunz function of the normal affine semigroup ring of the form R = …

The Distribution Of Ultrahigh-Energy Cosmic Rays Along The Supergalactic Plane Measured At The Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, B. Fick, K. Nguyen, D. Nitz, A. Puyleart, Et. Al

Michigan Tech Publications

Ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays are known to be mainly of extragalactic origin, and their propagation is limited by energy losses, so their arrival directions are expected to correlate with the large-scale structure of the local Universe. In this work, we investigate the possible presence of intermediate-scale excesses in the flux of the most energetic cosmic rays from the direction of the supergalactic plane region using events with energies above 20 EeV recorded with the surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory up to 2022 December 31, with a total exposure of 135,000 km2 sr yr. The strongest indication for an …

Mitigating Supply Chain Disruptions In The Retail Warehousing Industry, Terricka Nichole Townsend

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Retail warehousing stability is increasingly threatened by global uncertainties and supply chain disruptions, requiring urgent and innovative strategies. This issue is critical for retail warehousing managers and supply chain leaders, as their ability to respond impacts organizational resilience, business continuity, and customer satisfaction. The purpose of this qualitative pragmatic inquiry was to explore strategies used by retail warehousing managers to mitigate the negative impacts of supply chain disruptions on business stability. The situational crisis communication theory and attribution theory provided the conceptual framework for understanding how retail warehousing managers communicate and respond to supply chain disruptions while maintaining stakeholder trust …

Expanding The Toolbox For Supramolecular Chemistry: Probing Host–Guest Interactions And Binding With In Situ Ftir Spectroscopy, Shiva Moaven, Douglas A. Vander Griend, Darren W. Johnson, Michael D. Pluth

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Association constant (Ka) measurements provide fundamental information on host–guest interactions in supramolecular chemistry and other areas of science. Here we report the use of in situ FTIR spectroscopy to measure the Ka values across three classes of host–guest complexes that involve hydrogen bonding and halogen bonding. This approach can be performed with minimal sample preparation, does not require deuterated solvents, can measure association based on changes in host or guest vibrations, and benefits from a much shorter timescale than NMR spectroscopy. Due to its fast timescale, FTIR spectroscopy also provides details on host/guest conformational changes, such as the presence of …

Globelly: The Travel App, Diana S. Alvarez

Honors Capstones

My honors capstone project, Globelly: The Travel App, began as a feature-rich Android application designed to simplify travel planning, enhance global exploration, and foster community-driven sharing among travelers. The app was envisioned to integrate real-time suggestions using APIs like Yelp and TripAdvisor, incorporate a badge-based gamification system, and support advanced customization and privacy controls. While not all of these features were implemented in the final version, the project achieved a solid and functional foundation focused on core travel-sharing experiences.

Developed using Java, XML, and the MVC architecture in Android Studio, the completed app allows users to pin locations they’ve …

Voice Interaction With Conversational Ai Could Facilitate Thoughtful Reflection And Substantive Revision In Writing, Jiho Kim, Philippe Laban, Xiang 'Anthony' Chen, Kenneth C. Arnold

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Writing well requires not only expressing ideas but also refining them through revision, a process facilitated by reflection. Prior research suggests that feedback delivered through dialogues, such as those in writing center tutoring sessions, can help writers reflect more thoughtfully on their work compared to static feedback. Recent advancements in multi-modal large language models (LLMs) now offer new possibilities for supporting interactive and expressive voice-based reflection in writing. In particular, we propose that LLM-generated static feedback can be repurposed as conversation starters, allowing writers to seek clarification, request examples, and ask follow-up questions, thereby fostering deeper reflection on their writing. …

Spatio-Temporal Analysis Of Human-Carnivore Conflict In The Tarangire-Manyara Ecosystem, Tanzania, Sophie Carpenter

Environmental Studies Honors Projects

Livestock depredation by large carnivores significantly threatens human livelihoods across the globe, with severe ecological and socioeconomic implications. Economic costs of livestock depredation impact the tolerance for carnivores among communities living alongside wildlife, often straining human-carnivore coexistence. Using geographic and temporal attributes from livestock depredation records (n=406) collected between 2004 and 2023, we identified spatiotemporal patterns of depredation by African lions, leopards, and spotted hyenas in the Tarangire-Manyara Ecosystem in northern Tanzania. We found significant interactive relationships between the number of attacks reported and the season, time, and site of attack; with these interactions differing between the carnivores. To better …

Impacts Of Water Conservation Cost-Share Programs On Irrigated Rice Extensification And Intensification In Critical Groundwater Areas Of The Arkansas Delta, Joshua Michael Blackstock, Oladipo S. Obembe, Aaron Shew, Michele Reba, Joseph M. Massey, Phillip R. Owens, Christopher D. Delhom

Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

We analyzed the impact of government cost-shares for irrigation water management (IWM) conservation practices on the expansion and cropping intensity of rice (Oryza spp.) acreage in the Arkansas Delta. We used the correlated random effects probit model to control for unobserved effects and exploit changes in government spending over time. We found that government-spending impacts are heterogeneous across Critical Groundwater Area (CGA) designations. A 10% increase in government spending in counties fully within CGAs would reduce the propensity to expand rice acreage by 1.2 percentage points and the likelihood to rotate rice after rice by 7.6 percentage points. In counties …

Interaction-Required Suggestions For Control, Ownership, And Awareness In Human-Ai Co-Writing, Kenneth C. Arnold, Jiho Kim, Jason G. Chew, Jooha Yoo, Juyeong Kim, Ray Flanagan, Heonjae Kwon

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

This paper explores interaction designs for gen-
erative AI interfaces that necessitate human in-
volvement throughout the generation process.
We argue that such interfaces can promote
cognitive engagement, agency, and thoughtful
decision-making. Through a case study in text
revision, we present and analyze two interac-
tion techniques: (1) using a predictive-text in-
teraction to type the assistant’s response to a
revision request, and (2) highlighting potential
edit opportunities in a document. Our imple-
mentations demonstrate how these approaches
reveal the landscape of writing possibilities and
enable fine-grained control. We discuss impli-
cations for human-AI writing partnerships and
future interaction design …

Theoretical Proof Of And Proposed Experimental Search For The Ground Triplet State Of A Wigner-Regime Two-Electron ‘Artificial Atom’ In A Magnetic Field, Marlina Slamet, Viraht Sahni

Publications and Research

It is experimentally established that there is no ground triplet state of the natural He atom. There is also no exact analytical solution to the Schrödinger equation corresponding to this state. For a two-dimensional two-electron ‘artificial atom’ or a semiconductor quantum dot in a magnetic field, as described by the Schrödinger–Pauli equation, we provide theoretical proof of the existence of a ground triplet state by deriving an exact analytical correlated wave function solution to the equation. The state exists in the Wigner high-electron-correlation regime. We further explain that the solution satisfies all requisite symmetry and electron coalescence constraints of …

Changes In Elephantgrass Plant Components With Maturity: 1. Percentage Dry Yield, P Mislevy, F G. Martin, M B. Adjei

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) biomass can be a source of energy for tropical regions of the world because of its high dry matter production (Mislevy et al., 1986 ; Prine et al., 1987). Research has shown the production of energy (meth­ane) from biomass can be best understood through systems analysis methodology that integrates the availability of land, climate, production inputs, plant quality, etc. To assess avail­able technology and identify information gaps Biomass to Methane (Biomet) models have been developed to determine the impacts of basic growth processes in response to the crops environment (Mishoe et al., 1987). Biomass growth …

Teneurs En Constituants Parietaux Et En Matieres Azotees Des Ligneuz Fourragers D'Afrique Occidentale, A R. Kone, D Richard, H Guerin

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Dans !es pays intertropicaux d'Afrique, l'elevage est surtout extensif et l'alimentation du betail est essentiellement basee sur le paturage nature! ou la strate ligneuse (arbres, arbustes) fournit des fourrages verts pendant la periode seche de l'annee, periode pendant laquelle le tapis herbace est sous forme de paille sur pied. Les ligneux sont done tres importants dans l'alimentation des ruminants domestiques et ii est necessaire d'en connaitre la composition chimique comme dans le cas des fourrages herbaces.

Evaluation Of Tree Legumes Species At Different Agroclimatic Zones Of Indonesia, Mas'ud Panjaitan, R Jessop, W W. Stur

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The population of Indonesia is over 145 million and more than 56 % of them earn their living from agriculture (Bi. Stat. Ind., 1983). A major problem in the development of improved animal production has been the shortage of feed and the generally low nutritive value of tropical forages which limit livestock pro­duction in Indonesia (Asian Agriculture Survey, 1969). The production of feed of adequate quality for ruminants is an important consideration particularly for small holders. In many situations, nitrogen fixing legume trees can be used as a high protein feed supplement which improves the utilization of grasses and crop …

Valeur Nutritive D'Un Parcours Mixte A Acacia Cyanophylla, Atriplex Nummularia Et Medicago Arborea, Y Saadani, C Kayouli

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

II existe tres peu de donnees concernant la valeur nutritive des arbustes fourragers ; les rares etudes realisees en Tunisie ont porte surtout sur leur productivite, la charge animale et sur leur appetence (Hamrouni et Sarson, 1975; Ben Boubaker, 1985). L'objectif de ce travail est d'etudier la valeur nutritive des feuilles et brindilles d' Acacia cyanophylla, d' A triplex nummula­ria et de Medicago arborea ainsi que leur contribution dans la ration de caprins et d'ovins.

Utilization Of Native Mediterranean Fodder Trees By Dairy Goats, M Meuret

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Few data are available on utilization of fodder trees and shrubs by lactating goats. In most cases, predictions of animal performances on the basis of recommendations obtained from standard reference trials, do not correspond with production results achieved on the farm. Using measurements in digesti­bility cages and on rangelands (chromic oxide marker), we recorded intake, apparent digestibility of diets and perform­ances of goats well used to rangelands and browsing fresh oak foliage (Quercus ilex and Quercus pubescens).

Phenols As Defensive Compounds In Birch (Betula Spp.) Metabolism Of Platyphylloside In Goats, Rabbits And Hares, R T. Palo, G Iason, P G. Knutsonn

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Herbivores of the boreal forest like moose (Alces alces), hares (Lepus spp.) and birds (Tetranoidae) use birch as a major feed source. The tree is of medium preference to the animals and is low in available nutrients for most of the year. Apart from a high amount of lignified cell walls it also contains con­siderable amounts oflow molecular phenolic substances (Palo, 1984). A herbivore feeding on birch could thus be excepted to ingest large amounts of phenols. These are in general enough fat soluble to enter animal cells expected to ingest large amounts of …

Forage Production And Nutritive Value Of Leucanea Leucoephala In Southern Puerto Rico, L E. Tergas, R Milton Martinez, A V. Mendez Cruz

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Leucaena leucocephala (L.) is a perennial schrub native to Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean, considered by investigators as a valuable forage legume because of its capacity for high production of digestible forage with a high protein content and tolerance to drought in semiarid regions with annual rainfall less than 1,000 mm (Skerman, 1977). The soil fertility of the semiarid region in southern Puerto Rico is adequate, but rainfall distribution is limiting for forage production and nutritive value. There is a demand for a suit­able and inexpensive source of high quality forage to improve the diet of the grazing cattle …

Effect Of Chemical Composition Of Roughages On Their Degradation Characteristics In The Rumen And Their Relationship With The < In Vitro > Organic Matter Digestibility, S Lopez, Dolores Carro, J S. Gonzales, Conchita Carpintero

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The microbial fermentation of feeds in the reticulo-rumen allows ruminants the utilization of feeds with amounts of cell wall components, i.e. roughages. This rumen fermentation can be affected by the feed chemical composition and numerous techniques have been developed for its determination (Van Soest, 1982). The objective of the present work is to investigate the effect of the chemical composition of forages preserved under differ­ent methods on their degradation characteristics in the rumen determined by the « in sacco » method and to study the rela­tionships between the « in vitro» organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) and the rumen degradability.

Rumen Degradation Of Various Grass Species At Different Stages Of Growth, L J. Halliday

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The species and cultivars sown depends on the farming sys­tem practiced. These developing swards are however, always invaded by native species including Agrostis, Paa and Festuca spp. which are generally referred to as 'weed' grasses. While the merits of Lolium spp. are well documented (Minson et al. 1960; Norton, 1982) information on the weed grasses is limited (Hag­gar, 1976). The potential for milk and meat production is dependent on the supply of utilizable nutrients to the animal's tissues which in turn is largely governed by the ability of rumen microbes to degrade plant cell walls. Although the degradability of dry …

Apparent Digestibility, Dynamics Of Rumen Fermentation And Sites Of Digestion Of Hays Of Leucaena Leucocephala (Lam) De Wit Cv. Peru, N M. Rodreiguez, I Borges

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Protein deficiency, among others, is a common problem for livestock production in tropical regions. The use oflegumes has been suggested as a solution and Leucaena leucocephala has shown a great potential due to its capacity of nitrogen (N) fix­ation and dry matter (DM) production (NAS, 1984). However, very little is known about its nutritive value regarding its protein-energy balance and the process of digestion. The present work aimed the evaluation of the nutritive value of hays of Leucaena leucocephala cut at two stages of growth, through trials of apparent digestibility, dynamics of rumen fer­mentation and partition of digestion.

In Situ Degradation Of Cell Wall Neutral Sugars Of Normal And Brown Midrib Sorghum X Sudangrass Hybrids, K J. Moore, J O. Fritz, E H. Jaster

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The nutritive value of forage for ruminants is limited by the digestibility of the complex polysaccharides cellulose and hemicellulose by rumen microbes. In grasses, the polysacchar­ide fraction of the cell wall is composed largely of polymers of neutral sugars and to a lesser extent uronic acids. Cellulose is a high molecular weight linear polymer of B-1 ➔ 4) linked D­gluco-pyranose units. Hemicellulose is a complex mixture of linear and branched-chain heteropolymers containing xylose, arabmose, mannose, galactose, glucose, and uronic acids (Van Soest, 1982). Lignification of the cell wall is a primary factor limiting the digestion of cell wall polysaccharides. Close …

Feed Evaluation Using Mobile Dacron Bags And Influences Of The Diet Composition, H Anzola, F N. Owens

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The Mobile Nylon Bag (MNB) technique has been used successfully in protein nutrition studies with swine (Sauer et al., 1983) to determine amino acid availability from protein in specific feedstuffs. Canadian researchers also have tested this technique to predict site of digestion in ruminants (Kirkpatrick and Kennelly, 1987). Differences in small intestinal digestion may explain why animal responses differ to dietary protein sources which have similar ruminal escape values (Owens, 1986). The MNB holds promise to appraise the intestinal avail­ability of undegraded dietary protein though further develop­mel).t and testing are needed. The objective of this experiment was to examine the …

Prediction Of Digestibility And Protein From Growing Degree-Days For Crested And Western Wheatgrass, A` B. Franck, J F. Karn

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Morphological development of crops, including cool-season forage grasses, is mainly a function of air temperature. Mor­phological development of plants has been predicted from ther­mal units expressed as growing degree-days (GDD) (Franck, 1985 ; Wang, 1960). The use of thermal units also provides a predictive measure for managing forages based on growth stages rather than dates. However, forage digestibility ��nd crude protein (CP) content generally decrease as morphological development and time increase (Kamstra, 1973 ; Kilcher and Troelsen, 1973). The relationship between thermal units and forage digestibility and CP has not been defined for crested and western wheatgrasses. The primary purpose …