Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Diversity In Macroptilium Atropurpureum (Dc.) Urb., A E. Kretschmer Jr, R M. Sonoda, R C. Bullock, G H. Snyder, T C. Wilson, R Reid, J B. Brolman

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A replicated experiment was used to determine the diversity of 77 accessions of Mexican Macroptilium atropurpurem compared with cv. 'Siratro'. Siratro yielded less than the mean of the 5 highest yielding entries in 3 of 6 harvests; it flowered earlier and more consistently between harvests than many other entries. Siratro rust incidence was relatively very high while mildew and Rhizoctonia incidence was relatively very low when compared to Siratro. Mite damage was also relatively low for Siratro. There was great diversity among the populations studied with regards to the attributes studied. Several accessions had more desireable attributes than Siratro. More …

Centrosem Macrocarpum Benth., A Promising Tropical Forage Legume For Acid Soils, R Schultze-Kraft, G Keller-Grein, J Belalcazar, G Benavides

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A hitherto agronomically little-known Centrosema species is described in terms of its morphology, natural distribution, and potential as a forage plant. C. macrocarpum is closely related to C. pubescens, the principal morphological difference being the considerably larger size of C. macrocarpum plant organs. Its natural distribution covers a wide range of latitudes and climatic and edaphic conditions in tropical America. Ecotypes from collection sites north of the equator have proven to be well adapted to acid soils. In a small-plot cutting trial conducted in Colombia on an acid Ultisol (pH 4.1, 89% aluminium saturation), C. macrocarpum ecotypes considerably outyielded …

Preliminary Observations With Accessions Of Stylosanthes Guianensis Ssp. Guianensis Var. Pauciflora In Brazil, D Thomas, R P. De Andrade, J Lenne

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Forty-two accessions of the morphologically distinct Stylosanthes guiansis ssp. guianensis var. pauciflora collected in Brazil and Venezuela were evaluated for their adaptation to environment in the tropical savanna region of central Brazil. The study was conducted on an Oxisol at the Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuaria dos Cerrados (CPAC), 35 km from Brasilia at latitude 15° 36' S. Results showed that was marked variation in plant yield and, as a group, Brazilian accessions produced more dry matter than Venezuelan accessions. Anthracnose resistance and digestible dry matter content were also markedly higher in the accessions from Brazil. No significant differences in …

The Persistence Of Stylosanthes In Florida, A Review, John B. Brolmann

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The importance of introducing tropical legumes to improve pastures in South Florida is well recognized. Little is known about the persistence of these legumes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the survival of several Stylosanthes species in pure stands or grass mixtures. Stands of Stylosanthes were evaluated for spread, vigor and persistence. S. guianensis and S. scabra, established in 1971 survived the longest. These stands regenerated each year from seeds. Sterile off-types of S. guianensis showed greater survival ability than most introduced species and acted as Management practices and favorable environmental conditions appear to be of prime importance …

Problems Experienced With Forage Legumes In A Tropical Savanna Environment In Brazil, D Thomas, R P. De Andrade, B Grof

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Since 1978 some 1700 legumes from 17 genera and 50 species have been evaluated on soils at the Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuaria dos Cerrados (CPAC) at latitude 15° 36' S in the tropical savanna region of Brazil. In characterizing the germplasm a number of problems have become evident. Plant dise4ses are primary limiting factors. Species of Stylosanthes are attacked by anthracnose ( Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) whilst other diseases affecting species of Centrosema, Desmodium and Zornia are described. Accessions collected in the acid soils with a high aluminium saturation are well adapted to these conditions. However, species such as Leucaena Jeucocephala from …

Summer Forage Legume Introduction In Louisiana, A M. Thro, C C. Shock

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Climate in Louisiana is influenced by tropical air masses in summer and alternately by tropical and continental air masses in winter. From northwest to southeast, the number of frost-free growing days increases from 230 to 350. Rainfall increase from 1200 mm to 1500 mm and is evenly distributed winter through summer with a generally drier fall. Livestock production is an important economic activity throughout the state. Animal performance declines from July through November in spite of adequate availability of perennial grass forage. A summer-growing forage legume is sought that will persist in perennial grass pastures and provide a more easily …

Bio-Agronomic Evaluation Of Lolium Multiflorum Populations Collected In Irrigated Plains Of Northern Italy, P Rotili, G Gnocchi, C Scotti, A Sererna

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In the irrigated plains of Lombardy the continuous elimination of the permanent meadows and their replacement with the maize imposes the collection and conservation of Lolium multiflorum. Twenty seven populations, collected in the Milano-Lodi-Cremaarea, were evaluated in greenhouse, in concrete boxes 150 cm long, 40 cm high and 25 cm wide. Distance between the plants on the rows cm 2.5 (density 350 plants/m2). Dry forage yield, earliness and mortality were studied. Concerning dry forage yield there is not difference between the collected populations. On the contrary, a significant difference was observed between the whole set of collected populations and the …

Seasonal Growth Of Mediterranean Tall Fescue Populations, Y Ueyama, S Sato, K Nakajima

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Thirteen Mediterranean populations of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) including four cultivars originated from the same region with three check cultivars were evaluated for several characters relating to seasonal productivity. Mediterranean populations were depressed under hot and humid summer conditions, and were not restored until December. However, these entries showed good growth and little leaf burning in winter and early spring. Three hundred and fifty two individuals were screened with scores of vigor. Data of the individuals were subjected to principal component analysis. The first and second components were closely correlated to the variables relating to growth in summer and …

A Study Of Phenology, Herbage Yield And Crude Protein Content Of Native Ecotypes Of Red Bromegrasses (Bromus Tomentellus Boiss.) Of Iran, B Peymani-Fard

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

This research was conducted on ten ecotypes of red bromegrasses of Iran at Homand Range Experiment Station, near Damavand, Iran to asses: (a) the differences in phenological characteristics, (b) to evaluate differences in herbage yield, and (c) determine the crude protein percentage Parameters measured include duration of vegetative, heading, maturity stages, herbage yields, and crude protein. Variation in vegetative growth, heading and seed maturity stages among the ecotypes under study was very small

Therefore, there are no prefences in selection of a specific ecotype from the standpoint of utilization and harvesting time. There was a great fluctuation in annual herbage …

Scope For Breeding Miscanthus Sinensis Anderss. As Forage Crop, S Hoshino

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Miscanthus sinensis Anderss., an indigenous summer growing tussock grass species, has been utilized traditionally in Japan for many centuries as bulk herbage to feed livestock, material for thatching roof and snowshed etc, but this species does not survive well under frequent cutting. Experiments were conducted to select more vigorous strains among fifty clones collected from various meadows throughout Niigata Prefecture in 1967. Several clones were detected for better regrowth performance and their dry matter productions were compared for four years under three cuttings a year with fertilizer application scheme. Dry matter productions of the selected clones were comparable to those …

Performance Of Nine Mid-East Alfalfa Ecotypes And Seventeen Introduced Cultivars In Saudi Arabia, V L. Marble, A C. Wilton, A A. Cook

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A program designed to determine the productivity of nine middle eastern (ME) alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) ecotypes and 17 alfalfa cultivars from California, Australia, and New Zealand, is described. Selected harvests, representing performance characteristics during different seasons of the year, and the 13 cuts taken between March 31, 1983 and February 15, 1984 indicate that all but one of the ME entries were higher yielding (P = < .05) than all but one western alfalfa. By the 17th harvest taken May 28, 1984, three ecotypes from Egypt were superior (P = < .05) to all other entries including those commonly used in Saudi Arabia. In orthogonal comparisons, the mean of 17 western alfalfas was inferior to the mean of nine mideast ecotypes by the third and all subsequent cuts through the 17th. Two Saudi Arabian check entries, Hasawi I and Hasawi II, were similar yielding throughout the 17 harvests, but were significantly inferior to the other seven ME ecotypes in orthogonal comparisons between the two groups. The annual productivity potential of superior entries exceeded 38 metric tons per hectare (T/ha) of dry matter. Seasonal distribution of yield varied among entries with most ME entries significantly superior to most western entries in all four seasons. Middle eastern ecotypes had greater (P = < .05) height at cutting than western alfalfas. As a group they flowered earlier, and showed lower incidence of enation virus. Based on 17 harvests over an 18-month period, middle eastern ecotypes were better adapted to growing conditions in central Saudi Arabia than introduced western cultivars.

Mediterranean-Germplasm Trefoils In The Southeastern Usa Piedmont, C S. Hoveland, S L. Fales

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Experimental birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) cultivars, selected from Mediterranean germplasm, were compared with northern trefoils in monoculture and in association with grasses to determine productivity and persistence in north Georgia where northern trefoils have not been successful. Productivity and forage quality of one trefoil was studied under four frequencies of defoliation. Mediterranean trefoils had higher total and earlier spring production, better stand persistence, and seedling vigor than a northern cultivar. The yield advantage of Mediterranean trefoils occurred in monoculture and when grown in association with tall fescue (Festuca arundinaceae) or orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata). Maximum yields …

Annual Legumes For Integrating Rainfed Crop And Livestock Production, A E. Osman, N Nersoyan

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A program aimed at integrating rainfed crop and livestock production in West Asia and North Africa is described, where the objective is to introduce pasture and forage legumes in place of existing fallows. Research has identified that suitable species of Medicago, Pisum and Vicia are well adapted to the climatic conditions of North Syria. This article describes studies evaluating mixtures of common vetch (Vicia sativa) and forage peas (Pisum sativum) with barley, triticale and oats for hay production. Mixtures including the two legumes were also evaluated for early grazing by sheep followed by hay making in …

Fall Panicum (Panicum Dichotomiflorum Michx.) In Japan, K Ohta, M Ochi

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx.), which is a naturalized plants, is tolerant to high soil moisture and is highly productive. For the purpose of using it as a forage suitable to high soil moisture conditions, such as paddy fields, fall panicum strains were collected from various districts in Japan. The present experiment was undertaken to clarify the characteristics and the distribution of fall panicum. In order to define the groupings by compound characteristics, multivariate analysis (principal component and cluster analysis) was performed. It was concluded that fall panicum strains could be classified into five groups and their distribution could …

Selection For Seed Production And Dry Season Forage Yield In Panicum Maimum Germplasm, L Jank, Y H. Savidan

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Panicum maximum cv. 'Coloniiio' is the most popular tropical forage grass in terms of cattle finishing in Brazil. It is, however, slowly being substituted by other species, because of its high demands for nutrients and poor dry season growth. The National Beef Cattle Research Center of EMBRAPA at Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, has underway a P. maximum breeding program, with the objectives of selecting cultivars which while maintaining the good qualities of the 'Coloniiio', are more drought-resistant and adapted either to the traditional fertile soils of 'Coloniiio', or to weak cerrado (savanna) soils. Preliminary results on seed production …

Preliminary Evaluation Of Panicum Maximum Germplasm In Brazil: An International Agronomy Research Program, Y H. Savidan, L Jank, F.H.D De Souza, A Boock

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Following former recommendations to leave traditional schemes of simultaneous evaluation of several species, and extensive program has been initiated as a result of an international agreement between French and Brazilian research organizations, to evaluate one single tropical forage grass species with wide genetic diversity. A field experiment was designed for preliminary evaluation of 400 accessions of Panicum maximum at two levels of soil fertility. Emphasis is placed on a fixed-interval cutting regime, seed production, and detailed morphological characterization of promising accessions. A list of the morphological descriptors is presented. Selected accessions will enter further phases of evaluation under grazing and …

Collection Of Germplasm Of Desmodium And Related Genera In Indonesia, K L. Mehra

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

17 species of Desmodium and 5 species of the related genera were collected from the islands of Sulawesi, Java, Timor and Sumba. The collection sites differed in rainfall, altitude, soil pH, vegetation and other eco-geographic characteristics. Several samples with good agronomic potential were collected from acid infertile soils. The collections differed in growth habit, biomass production, leafiness, seed setting and adaptation to problem soils. Promising collections for use in crop improvement programme were identified.

Collecting Germplasm Of Desmodium And Puerarua Phaseoloides In Thailand And Peninsular Malaysia, S Pattanavibul, R Schultze-Kraft

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A collaborative program to collect native legume germplasm in Thailand and peninsular Malaysia is described. Three collection expeditions were carried out in 1979, 1982, and 1984 with particular emphasis on broadening the genetic bases of Desmodium species and Pueraria phaseoloides. In total, 593 samples were collected: 60% were species of Desmodium and its allied genera Dendrolobium, Dicerma, Hegnera, Phyllodium, and Tadehagi, 12% were P. phaseoloides material and the remaining 28% were germplasm of other genera such as Abrus, Alysicarpus, Atylosia,Dunbaria, Flemingia, and Uraria. The importance of increased genetic variability within the species D. ovalifolium and P. phaseo/oides …

Development Of An International Collection Of Tropical Forage Germplasm For Acid Soils, R Schultze-Kraft

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

SUMMARY A Program conducted by the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical ( CIA T) to develop a collection of forage plant germplasm resources for tropical pasture research in acid, infertile soil areas is described. After an initial 5-year stage of preliminary work in germplasm collection and introduction, 28 major expeditions to collect native germplasm of tropical forage species were carried out in 10 countries on 3 continents, principally in regions with acid soils of low fertility during 1977 to 1984. Emphasis has been on legumes,mainly Centrosema, Desmodium, Stylosanthes, and Zornia, in tropical America, andDesmodium, its allied genera, andPueraria in Southeast …

A Global Plan For Forage Genetic Resources, W. Ellis Davies

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Initially the Board's work gave priority to major crops but latterly more attention has been given to forage plants. Forages now have a high priority in the following IBPGR regions: Mediterranean, Southwest Asia, Central Asia, Southeast Asia, East Asia, Central America, the Andean region, southern South America and Europe. One major difficulty with forage plants is the large number of genera/ species - numbering into thousands which have some forage value. For practical operational reasons the world forage genetic resources have been con­sidered under headings (a) Tropical and sub-tropical areas (b) Mediterranean and adjacent semi-arid/areas and (c) Temperate areas. Because …

Modification Des Facteurs Biotiques Par La Presence D'Arbres En Region Mediterraneenne Francaise: Effets Sur La Production Herbagere, B Msika, M Etienne

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

La region mediterraneenne franc;:aise se caracterise par !'im­portance de son territoire forestier qui, bien que souvent degrade, comporte une grande variete d'especes arborees. II s'agit principalement de peuplements forestiers spontanes geres en taillis ou de reboisements en resineux. Abandonnes depuis les annees 40, ces espaces sont devenus totalement improductifs et posent des problemes de protection contre Jes incendies ou de gestion sylvicole adaptee. Dans le contexte actuel, et dans ce type de milieu, la diversification des productions semble etre une voie interessante a creuser. Les amenagements sylvopastoraux pourraient done constituer une alternative interessante ; encore faut-il que Jes conditions opti­males …

Multiscale Modelling Of Heat And Mass Transfer In Hemp Wools, Rayan El Sawalhi, Marwan Al Kheir, Louay El Soufi, Hassan Assoum

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

This paper deals with the development of a multi-scale model of coupled heat and mass transfer for hemp wool insulating materials. Natural fibrous insulating materials from renewable resources like hemp offer an attractive environmental option for conventional insulation materials. These materials exhibit excellent thermal performances in terms of thermal conductivity and thermal capacity but are highly sensitive to moisture variations. To fully describe their behavior, we developed a multi-scale approach founded upon three characteristic scales: the heterogeneous fiber scale, the homogenized fiber network scale, and the final product scale. Using the method of volume averaging, we established transfer equations at …

Fedevd: A Federated Road Traffic Event Detector From Social Networks, Ahmad Traboulsi, May Itani, Layal Abu Daher, Ali Haidar

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

The increasing population and the corresponding rise in the number of vehicles, coupled with inadequate public transportation, is increasing the already existing traffic problem. One solution to this problem has been the implementation of Traffic Monitoring Systems (TMS). However, TMS deployment entails significant costs, including (1) the installation of hardware in key areas and (2) the employment of dedicated monitoring personnel. Simultaneously, Online Social Networks (OSNs) have become global platforms with rapidly growing user bases, leading to a surge in user engagement. This widespread participation has transformed social networks into invaluable sources of data for analytics, business intelligence, and decision …

Phytochemical Analysis And Antimicrobial Activity Of Micromeria Barbata Leaf And Stem Extracts Against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa: Insights From Molecular Docking And In Vitro Assays, Shiraz Rawas, Dalia El-Badan, Nawal Al Hakawati

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

The present study provides the characterization of the phytochemical content and the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts from the leaves (LM) and stems (SM) of Micromeria barbata (M.barbata) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Important functional groups were determined by analyzing the FTIR spectra of LM and SM. The phytochemical profiles were analyzed by GC-MS, and these characterized the chemicals according to retention periods and peak regions. The binding affinities of discovered compounds with the P. aeruginosa LasR and PqsD proteins were evaluated using molecular docking approach. Assays for biofilm formation, MIC, MBC, and agar well diffusion were used to assess the …

Exponential Decay For The Truncated Version Of The Porous-Elastic Model, Dilberto Da Silva Almeida Júnior, Baowei Feng, Luiz Gutemberg Miranda

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

This paper investigates the one-dimensional truncated version of the porous-elastic system that avoids the damaging con sequences associated with the second frequency spectrum. We consider a feedback law acting on the displacement of the elastic solid and establish well-posedness via the Faedo-Galerkin method. Furthermore, we prove an exponential energy decay result that holds independently of any specific relationship between the system’s coefficients, using the energy perturbation method.

Robust Contraction Decomposition For Minor-Free Graphs And Its Applications, Bandyapadhyay Sayan, William Lochet, Daniel Lokshtanov, Dániel Marx, Pranabendu Misra, Multiple Additional Authors

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

We prove a robust contraction decomposition theorem for H-minor-free graphs, which states that given an H-minor-free graph G and an integer p, one can partition in polynomial time the vertices of G into p sets Z₁,… ,Z_p such that tw(G/(Z_i ⧵ Z')) = O(p + |Z'|) for all i ∈ [p] and Z' ⊆ Z_i. Here, tw(⋅) denotes the treewidth of a graph and G/(Z_i ⧵ Z') denotes the graph obtained from G by contracting all edges with both endpoints in Z_i ⧵ Z'. Our result generalizes earlier results by Klein [SICOMP 2008] and Demaine et al. [STOC 2011] based …

Quantum Analysis Of Protein–Ligand Binding By Integrating Structural Resolution, Sequence Homology, And Ligand Properties, Don Roosan, Samira Samrose, Rubayat Khan, Saif Nirzhor, Brian Provencher

Computer and Data Science Faculty Publications

Predicting protein–ligand binding affinity is a fundamental challenge in computational biology and drug discovery, complicated by diverse factors including protein sequence variability, ligand chemical diversity, and structural resolution. Here, we present an integrative study that combines classical machine learning and quantum-enhanced modeling to investigate how crystal structure resolution, sequence similarity, and ligand properties jointly influence binding affinity. Using a curated “refined” dataset from PDBbind and an expanded general dataset, we first conduct correlation and regression analyses to quantify the relationships among binding affinity, ligand descriptors (e.g., molecular weight, logP), and protein structural metrics (resolution, R-factor). We observe moderate positive correlations …

Source Origins Of Hunter-Harvested Waterfowl In Arkansas And Louisiana, Shannon C. Stemaly

LSU Master's Theses

Understanding variability in breeding origins of harvested waterfowl is important for effective population management and regional conservation. Band-recovery data are often used to estimate harvest derivation and inform resource allocation for cross-seasonal conservation. However, uneven spatial and temporal banding effort across species' breeding ranges may result in an incomplete understanding of summer origins and recruitment, particularly if portions of the breeding range are inaccessible. Analysis of stable-hydrogen isotope ratios in duck feathers (δ²H_f) provides an alternative method for identifying source origins of unmarked populations since environmental deuterium values follow a predictable latitudinal gradient across North …

The Future Of Foreign Language Learning In The Age Of Artificial Intelligence: A Critical Analysis Of Trends, Challenges, And Opportunities, Ahmad Aljanadbah, Rashid Hamad Al Marri, Hamad Mubarak Almarri

All Works

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in foreign language education is transforming how languages are taught and learned. This study investigates the current trends, advantages, and challenges of AI applications in language acquisition. Employing a qualitative content analysis method, the research analyzes scholarly publications and practical innovations in AI-based tools, such as adaptive learning systems, intelligent chatbots, and automated writing feedback. The findings highlight AI's potential to enhance personalized instruction, boost learner engagement, and expand access to authentic language materials. Nonetheless, the study also reveals notable limitations, including concerns about data privacy, diminished human interaction, and ethical risks related to …

Contextual Approach To Improve Problem Solving Skills In Ipas Subject At Elementary School: A Study Development Of Teaching Materials, Nur Hidayah, Sumarno Sumarno, Joko Siswanto

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

The objective of this study is to assess the validity, practicality, and efficacy of instructional materials. We refer to this research as research and development, with a focus on the creation of teaching materials. The research design proposed by Borg and Gall consists of six steps: identification of potential and difficulties, data collecting, product design, design validation, design revision, and product trial. The utilized instruments comprise expert and practitioner validity sheets, teacher and student response surveys, and validation sheets for teaching materials and modules, as well as pretest and posttest questions. Experts performed the validity assessment, attaining a score of …