Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Design And Investigation Of Triarylamine Functionalized Luminophores For Multi-Functional And Stimuli-Responsive Applications, Sasikala R

Theses and Dissertations

Organic solid-state fluorescent materials have garnered attention over many decades in virtue of their contribution in the development of LED devices and biomedical applications. Nevertheless, the potential of fluorescent molecules in device applications was underused due to aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect. The ACQ effect commonly quenches the organic molecules fluorescence intensity in the aggregated or condensed state, which can significantly influence their performance in practical applications.

The organic polyaromatic fluorophores exhibit strong fluorescence in the solution state. After culmination of years of work, Prof. Tang’s research group discovered a new phenomenon of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) in the fluorescence molecules constructed …

Digital Identity Management As A Critical Criminal Justice And Homeland Security Legal Issue: A Qualitative Analysis Of The Reasonable Person Factors Involved In Court Decisions, William H. Nicholson

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this descriptive qualitative applied study is to define and explain through analysis the reasonable person standard as it relates to prosecution and sentencing computer crime cases involving digital identities while addressing the problem of digital anonymity. This has been done by analyzing computer crime cases with the advent of current and planned technologies, and surveying potential jurors to understand the current state of knowledge of digital attribution. This descriptive qualitative research method analyzed the problem through the use of criminological theories of control and social learning theory to better understand the reasonable person standard in computer crime …

Policy-Based Redactable Set Signatures, Zachary A. Kissel

Computer and Data Science Faculty Publications

A redactable set signature scheme is a signature scheme that allows a redactor, without possessing the signing key, to convert a signature on set S to a signature on set S' if S' ⊂ S. This paper introduces a new form of redactable set signature scheme called a policy-based redactable set signature scheme. These redactable set signatures allow for a signer to provide a redaction policy at signing time that limits the possible redactions that can be made by a redactor. In particular, a signature on set S can only be redacted to a signature on if S' ⊂ …

Multivariable Optimal Control For Hemodialysis: A Physiologically-Grounded Simulation Study, Redemtus Heru Tjahjana, Ratna Herdiana, Zani Anjani H.S.M. Rafsanjani, Yogi Ahmad Erlangga

All Works

This study introduces a novel multivariable optimal control framework for hemodialysis, which uniquely integrates five physiological states (blood urea concentration, fluid volume, blood pressure, electrolytes, and hemoglobin) with three clinically adjustable inputs (ultrafiltration rate, blood flow, and dialysate composition). By employing the limited-memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno-B (L-BFGS-B) algorithm with patient-specific box constraints, the model enforces patient-specific physiological safety limits while dynamically balancing clinical targets. Numerical simulations demonstrate the stabilization of key parameters within ±5% of clinical benchmarks (e.g., KDIGO guidelines), though deviations in the hemodynamic responses underscore the need for adaptive control in real-world scenarios. Urea clearance trajectories align with efficacy patterns …

Thermally Tunable Mid-Infrared Nanocavity Resonance Of Coupled Surface Plasmon-Phonon Polaritons, Satya R. Kachiraju, Zachary M. Brown, Sundar Kunwar, Long Chang, Imtiaz Ahmad, Pinku Roy, Vladimir Kuryatkov, Yejin Kwon, Ayrton A. Bernussi, Chase T. Ellis

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

Phase-change materials (PCMs) are essential for achieving tunability of metasurfaces. However, they frequently face limitations in the long-wave infrared range because of their lossy behavior. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a thermally tunable mid-infrared nanocavity resonance from coupled surface plasmon-phonon polaritons that are supported within a trilayer structure of metal-PCM layer-polar dielectric (Au-VO2-SiC). The top metal structures configure the Fabry-Perot cavity resonance near 840 cm−1 (11.9 µm), which is sensitively tunable and reversible with small changes in the VO2 refractive index ∆n near below its insulator-to-metal phase transition temperature where the loss is small. The maximum resonance shift of 7.7 cm−1 …

Alignment Of Perceptual Similarity Metrics With Human Perception, Abhijay Ghildyal

Dissertations and Theses

Perceptual similarity metrics are used for quantitatively evaluating the similarity between two images as it would appear to human perception. These metrics aim to mimic the human visual system, providing a more accurate assessment of visual similarity. Such visual assessments are considered to be more advanced than simple pixel-wise comparisons such as ℓ_p norm distances. Thus, a human-like assessment of visual similarity, makes the metrics valuable for applications in image compression, restoration, and enhancement, where evaluating perceptual quality is crucial. Perceptual similarity metrics have progressively become more correlated with human judgments on perceptual similarity; however, despite recent advances, the …

Using Moment Maps To Observe Hydrogen Gas In Markarian 54, Amaya Terry

Scholarly Horizons: University of Minnesota, Morris Undergraduate Journal

Hydrogen gas is useful when trying to understand galaxies because it helps make stars. In space, hydrogen gas is in many cases in a form called neutral hydrogen (HI). This gas emits a faint type of light called the 21 cm line, which is a type of radio wave. This light is useful because it can go through dust in space, unlike optical light. This means we can use it to look inside galaxies and study the gas even if there is dust that is in front of stars in the galaxy.

In my research I was given data from …

Securing Ai-Generated Code, Andreas E. Nelson

Scholarly Horizons: University of Minnesota, Morris Undergraduate Journal

The increasing use of AI for code generation presents significant security challenges, as these tools often lack inherent security awareness and can produce vulnerable code. This paper investigates these security risks, outlining common types of vulnerabilities (such as injection flaws and improper resource handling) found in AI-generated code. It further explores and evaluates mitigation techniques aimed at im-proving code security, including model fine-tuning and adversarial strategies like Security Verifier Enhanced Neural Steering (SVEN). Findings indicate that while current methods offer promising ways to reduce vulnerabilities, ongoing research and development are crucial for the secure and responsible deployment of AI in …

Relightable Neural Radiance Fields For Novel View Synthesis, Malena I. Mahoney

Scholarly Horizons: University of Minnesota, Morris Undergraduate Journal

This paper describes relighting neural radiance fields for novel view synthesis. View synthesis is the problem of using input images with corresponding camera angles to produce a photorealistic 3D model of an environment and its objects. Neural radiance fields (NeRFs) were created as a solution to view synthesis. Neural radiance field models work well for generating realistic 3D models from 2D image inputs; how-ever, they do not support changing the lighting or placing the objects from the input images into different environments. The problem comes from the fact that NeRFs rely on a neural network that is essentially overfitted to …

A Molecular Dynamics Study Of Single Crystal And Intergranular Crack Growth Behavior In WX M1−X Binary Aloys (M = V, Mo, Ta, Re), Samuel C. Wagers, Adib J. Samin

Faculty Publications

This study employs molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the fracture behavior of four binary refractory alloys W_xM_1−x (M = V, Mo, Ta, Re) and their dependence on crystallographic orientation, composition, and grain boundary (GB) structure, focusing on six distinct low-sigma grain boundaries. The simulations reveal that the effect of composition is complex with the most pronounced effect, accompanied by the maximum or minimum stress intensity factor, generally occurring at intermediate compositions. All compositions showed a higher fracture resistance in the [110] orientation compared to the [100] orientation. There was a strong thermodynamic tendency for Mo and V, …

A Comprehensive Deep Learning System With Mgrf Modeling For Predicting Breast Cancer Response To Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy, Ahmed Sharafeldeen, Fatma Taher, Norah Saleh Alghamdi, Eman Alnaghy, Reham Alghandour, Khadiga M. Ali, Sameh Shamaa, Abdelrahman Gamal, Mohammed Ghazal, Sohail Contractor, Ayman El-Baz

All Works

Accurate prediction of breast cancer (BC) response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is critical for tailoring treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. This study introduces a novel deep learning-based framework that integrates multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (i.e., T1, T2, STIR, and DWI), along with clinical and molecular subtype markers, to classify tumor response into pathological complete response (pCR), partial response (PR), and stable disease (SD). First, tumor regions are delineated across MRI modalities and then modeled using a translation-invariant Markov-Gibbs random field (MGRF) with analytical parameter estimation to capture modality-specific spatial appearance patterns correlated with NAC response. Subsequently, diffusion-weighted MRI …

A Longitudinal Analysis Of Morphological Shape Variation Of Spleen In Patients With Fontan Surgery, Varatharajan Nainamalai, Håvard Bjørke Jenssen, Mostafa Rezaeitaleshmahalleh, Djinaud Prophete, Jordan Gosnell, Sarah Khan, Marcus Haw, Jingfeng Jiang, Joseph Vettukattil

Michigan Tech Publications

Background: Splenic size serves as a surrogate biomarker for predicting portal vein hyper-tension and liver abnormalities in subjects with Fontan Associated Liver Disease (FALD). We analyze the long-term shape variation of the spleen in FALD subjects using morphological shape features of radiomic features. Methods: We used 154 (84 from computed tomography and 70 from magnetic resonance) image volumes obtained from 36 individuals who underwent stage 3 Fontan procedure and 145 computed tomography images from controls to assess splenomegaly. To understand the splenomegaly, thirteen shape features of the spleen over three 10-year intervals, and variations between controls and FALD subjects were …

Tectonic Setting Analysis Of The Early Tortonian Lacustrine Basins In Nw Iran Based On Sedimentological, Paleontological, And Structural Studies, Enayat Haghfarshi, Seyyed Reza Moussavi̇ Harami̇, Mohammad Faridi, Peyman Rezaee

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Lignite Beds of Tabriz are among the Neogene formations in the northwest region of Iran that were formed as individual basins in the margin of the Tabriz fault and the suburbs of Tabriz City during the Late Miocene. These beds have many similarities in terms of facies and lithology. In this study, two stratigraphic sections of the main Lignite Beds unit, with a total thickness of 203 m, were measured and sampled. Fine- and medium-grained siliciclastics, limestones, lignite, tuff, and calcrete sedimentary facies were identified. The new fossils identified in this study include gastropods (Borysthenia naticina, Hydrobia sp., Lymnaea …

U-Pb Calcite Geochronology, Epr, Geochemistry, And C-O-Sr Isotopes Of Ancient Marbles In The İznik Region (Bursa-Türkiye), Namik Aysal, Özge Karslioğlu, Emre Erdem, Marcel Guillong, Si̇nan Öngen, İbrahi̇m Tonguç Uysal, Ersi̇n Kaygisiz, İpek Deni̇z Yildirim

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The İznik city (ancient Nicaea), located east of Lake İznik (known as -“Bithynia” in ancient times), has been an important political and cultural centre of Asia Minor since the Hellenistic period. Marbles produced in the quarries in the vicinity (Ömerli and İnikli villages, Deliktaş-Sarıtaş hills) were used both in the construction of the walls and in many ancient works in the city. Approximately eighteen ancient marble quarries producing grey and white marbles were investigated in the region. Petrography, EPR, XRD, C-O-Sr isotope and whole rock geochemistry analyses were performed for characterization of the samples collected from the quarries for the …

Morphotectonic And Active Tectonic Properties Of The Yenicekent Travertines With Chibanian–Meghalayan Ages In The Denizli Graben (Türkiye), Ömer Eki̇zoğlu, B. Levent Mesci̇

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Travertine deposits that crop out in the Yenicekent travertine field within the Denizli graben in western Türkiye are described and illustrated. Three morphologies of travertine are identified in this field, comprising fissure-ridge type, range-front, and eroded-sheet type, with each type resulting from deposition by geothermal waters driven by ongoing tectonism. The fissures in the Yenicekent travertine field extend parallel to active normal faults bounding the Denizli basin from the NE-directed Tripolis and Pamukkale faults, and were formed by waters released under tensile stress in the footwall blocks of normal faults. This study aimed to link the chronological development of travertine …

Editorial Note To The Article “Tectonic Geomorphology Of The South-Eastern Section Of The Burdur-Fethiye Shear Zone, Western Taurides: Morphotectonic Framework Of The Eşen Basin” [Turkish Journal Of Earth Sciences 33 (5) 2024 503-529 ], Orhan Tatar

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

As part of the journal’s commitment to open scientific dialogue, we are publishing a Letter to the Editor regarding the article “Tectonic geomorphology of the south-eastern section of the Burdur-Fethiye Shear Zone, Western Taurides: morphotectonic framework of the Eşen Basin” along with a reply from the authors, who have provided a clarification in response to the concerns raised. We consider such exchanges to be a normal and healthy part of the scientific process, and we are presenting both perspectives to allow readers to form their own conclusions.The views expressed in the letter and the reply are those of the respective …

A Model Study On Enhancing The Horizontal Gradient Of Potential Fields With The Vertical Derivative, Luan Thanh Pham, Saulo P. Oliveira, Erdi̇nç Öksüm, Jeferson De Souza

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The total horizontal gradient (THG) and its derivatives are commonly used in interpreting potential fields. Because THG is a nonharmonic function, its vertical derivative (VD) can be consistently computed using, e.g., a finite-difference approximation. The calculation of VD in the wavenumber domain is physically meaningful for harmonic functions, but it provides a pseudovertical derivative (PVD) when applied to nonharmonic fields that can be used in some edge detectors, such as THG. Through experiments with synthetic and field datasets, we evaluated the performance of the PVD of THG in the tilt angle of THG (TAHG) and fast sigmoid-based edge detector (FSED). …

On Reference Accuracy: Clarification Of The Original Data, İrem Eli̇tez, Cenk Yaltirak

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Although it is claimed that the same data was correctly attributed to Alçiçek (2007) in Elitez and Yaltırak (2023), no age data from Alçiçek (2007) were actually used in that study. In fact, the stratigraphic interpretation proposed by Alçiçek (2007) exhibits notable discrepancies with the conclusions presented by Elitez and Yaltırak (2023). Alçiçek (2007) defines the geological units overlying the basement as the Eşen Formation (comprising the Çetilidüz, Çaykenarı, and Kocaçay members) and Quaternary units. Based on the fossil Palaeotragus rouenii, the author suggests that the Neogene succession begins with Late Miocene alluvial-fan conglomerates, sandstones, and mudstones, whereas lacustrine sedimentation …

Citing The Citer: A Way To Claim Original Data, Mehmet Ci̇hat Alçi̇çek

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

In Elitez and Yaltırak (2024, p. 3), the “Upper Miocene” age data for the Eşen Basin fill is cited from Elitez and Yaltırak (2023). However, in that work, the same data was correctly attributed to Alçiçek (2007), which is the original source. Citing a secondary source instead of the original one is avoided in scientific writing. This letter aims to correct this citation practice.

Factors Influencing The Transition To Renewable Energy In Small- To Mid-Sized American Communities, Hanan Wehbi, Nathan Kemper

Environmental Dynamics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background The transition to renewable energy is essential for addressing climate change and fostering sustainable communities. This involves planning and determining where, when, and how to deploy renewable energy technologies. This requires supportive policies and regulations to accommodate renewable energy sources and manage impact, as well as engagement with local communities and stakeholders to secure their support and participation in the transition process. Methods This study evaluates the impact of governance at various levels-community, county, and state-on renewable energy adoption in 87 small- to mid-sized U.S. communities with populations below 100,000. Using a multi-faceted analytical approach, this research reviews comprehensive …

Collaborative Class Zine: Weekly Reflection Assignment With Powerpoint Template, Brett Whysel

Open Educational Resources

Abstract

This collaborative class zine assignment uses a shared PowerPoint format to deepen student learning while building community. Students contribute visual reflections (graphics, diagrams, quotes, or doodles) weekly or periodically throughout the semester. Faculty provide reflection prompts about key takeaways and unclear concepts (sample prompts included). The resource includes both sample LMS instructions and a ready-to-use PowerPoint zine template that works across all disciplines. By combining metacognitive reflection with creative expression, students consolidate learning by finding new connections and applications. The collaborative format creates community connections and joy while students learn from peers' diverse perspectives.

A Multi-Proxy Reconstruction Of Environmental Conditions During Termination 1 In Central New Hampshire, Anne Hannah Randall

Dartmouth College Master’s Theses

The collapse of the Northern Hemisphere ice sheets subsequent to the Last Glacial Maximum (~26-19 ka) marked one of the largest natural climate change events in recent time. In response to global warming, the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS), the ice sheet that covered much of northern North America, receded almost completely during a time known as “Termination 1” (~19-11 ka). The climate changes during this time also caused significant changes in landscape morphology, ecology, and the lifeways of indigenous peoples. This project characterizes the timing of deglaciation and major post-glacial landscape changes across New Hampshire using lake sediment cores. I …

Three-Stage Latent Dynamics Forecasting (T-Ldf) Framework For Shenzhen Metro Passenger Flow Prediction, Tianze Zhang

Lingnan Theses (MPhil & PhD)

Accurate forecasting of metro passenger flow is vital for efficient urban transportation management and optimal resource allocation in modern cities. Traditional ARIMA-based models effectively capture regular, cyclical patterns but struggle with sudden, nonlinear fluctuations caused by random events such as weather disruptions, special events, or service interruptions. Moreover, existing research predominantly focuses on individual stations, overlooking the complex cross-station interactions inherent in networked metro systems where passenger flows are interconnected across the entire network.

To address these critical limitations, we propose the Three-Stage Latent Dynamics Forecasting (T-LDF) Framework, a novel approach that systematically integrates temporal decomposition, latent dynamics extraction, and …

Zeus: Zero-Shot Llm Instruction For Union Segmentation In Multimodal Medical Imaging, Siyuan Dai, Kai Ye, Guodong Liu, Haoteng Tang, Liang Zhan

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Medical image segmentation has achieved remarkable success through the continuous advancement of UNet-based and Transformer-based foundation backbones. However, clinical diagnosis in the real world often requires integrating domain knowledge, especially textual information. Conducting multimodal learning involves visual and text modalities shown as a solution, but collecting paired vision-language datasets is expensive and time-consuming, posing significant challenges. Inspired by the superior ability in numerous cross-modal tasks for Large Language Models (LLMs), we proposed a novel Vision-LLM union framework to address the issues. Specifically, we introduce frozen LLMs for zero-shot instruction generation based on corresponding medical images, imitating the radiology scanning and …

A Model Intercomparison Study Of Aerosol-Cloud-Turbulence Interactions In A Cloud Chamber: 1. Model Results, Sisi Chen, Steven K. Krueger, Piotr Dziekan, Kotaro Enokido, Theodore Macmillan, David Richter, Silvio Schmalfuß, Shin Ichiro Shima, Fan Yang, Jesse C. Anderson, Will Cantrell, Dennis Niedermeier, Raymond Shaw, Frank Stratmann

Michigan Tech Publications

This study presents the first model intercomparison of aerosol-cloud-turbulence interactions in a controlled cloudy Rayleigh-Bénard Convection chamber environment, utilizing the Pi Chamber at Michigan Technological University. We analyzed simulated cloud chamber-averaged statistics of microphysics and thermodynamics in a warm-phase, cloudy environment under steady-state conditions at varying aerosol injection rates. Simulation results from seven distinct models (DNS, LES, and a 1D turbulence model) were compared. Our findings demonstrate that while all models qualitatively capture observed trends in droplet number concentration, mean radius, and droplet size distributions at both high and low aerosol injection rates, significant quantitative differences were observed. Notably, droplet …

Strengthening Scientific Integrity: Digital Forensics For Biomedical Research Imaging, João Phillipe Cardenuto, Daniel Moreira, Anderson Rocha

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

To fight against the increasing misconduct cases in science, this Ph. D. research confronted the challenge of scientific integrity with a pioneering investigation into digital forensic analysis specifically tailored for biomedical images. This work conducted extensive research into key manipulation types–copy-move forgery, image reuse, and AI-generated content–developing novel, fully explainable, and auditable computational detection methods for each. In a commitment to transparency and to promote research to the area, these techniques are provided as open-source resources. Besides the isolated techniques for each type of image forged, a central contribution is the development of an end-to-end system, created through collaboration with …

Modeling And Simulation Of Complex Systems Based On Graph Neural Networks, Jinhu Lü, Hongyi Jiang, Deyuan Liu, Shaolin Tan

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Modeling and simulation of complex systems are critical issues for understanding their structural and functional properties. The ability of graph neural networks (GNNs) to learn and represent the internal correlations within data provides a new approach for modeling and simulating complex systems. Currently, there are various types of GNN models involving frequency-domain, spatial-domain, generative, heterogeneous, and spatio-temporal models. These models are widely applied in complex system modeling and simulation research in multiple fields such as industrial internet, social networks, and supply chains based on specific tasks and scenarios. Starting from three representative tasks: network topology representation, dynamic evolution modeling, …

Research On Policy Representation In Deep Reinforcement Learning, Zhen Chen, Zhuoyi Wu, Lin Zhang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has achieved remarkable success in various domains. Nevertheless, existing policy networks in DRL still face significant challenges in areas such as generalizability, multi-task adaptability, and sample efficiency. Policy representation, as a crucial research direction for enhancing DRL capabilities, aims to improve an agent's adaptability to environmental changes and novel tasks by constructing more efficient and generalizable forms of policy expression. This paper provided a concise overview of key research advances in the field of policy representation. It introduced diverse policy architectures, ranging from traditional multi-layer perceptron (MLP) -based policies to those based on pointer networks, …

A Cancer Education Needs Assessment: Informing Middle-Aged Female Patients About The Relationships Between Obesity And Women’S Health Concerns In The Reproductive System, Breast, And Endometrial Health, Batul Mirza

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Obesity significantly impacts women’s health, particularly among middle-aged women, by increasing the risk of hormone-sensitive cancers such as breast, endometrial, and reproductive system cancers. This study examines the educational needs of this demographic group regarding obesity-related cancer risks and explores effective intervention strategies. Obesity-induced mechanisms – hormonal imbalances, chronic inflammation, and insulin resistance – drive cancer susceptibility, emphasizing the need for targeted health education. The study employs a qualitative design, which includes interviews with subject matter experts (SMEs) and surveys of middle-aged women. The goal is to assess awareness, perceived barriers, and preferred learning methods. Findings suggest that with many …

Evaluation Of The Energy And Timing Resolution Of Cerium Bromide Detectors For Nuclear Applications, Madyson C. Hickman

Physics and Astronomy Summer Fellows

We tested the timing and energy resolution of cerium bromide (CeBr₃) detectors for use in the CeBrA array of gamma-ray detectors in the John D. Fox lab at Florida State University. Using different sources, we calibrated energy spectra and analyzed FWHM values to determine the energy resolution. Timing resolution from a ⁶⁰Co source was measured using coincident gamma rays from the sources. Our results showed the expected energy dependence and confirmed that the detectors meet performance standards.