Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Should My Next Car Be An Ev?, Lorenzo Cena

Sustainability Research & Practice Seminar Presentations

Sustainability Research & Practice Seminar on "Should My Next Car Be An EV?" by Professor Lorenzo Cena, Environmental Health Program, Department of Public Health Sciences, West Chester University of Pennsylvania.

Subject: Bnsf And Union Pacific Butte Priority Soils Operating Unit Activity Report - August 2023 Unilateral Administrative Order-Docket No. Cercla 08-2011-0011 Kj 2399019*00, Doug Brannan P.E.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Revealing Gene Regulation-Based Neural Network Computing In Bacteria, Samitha S. Somathilaka, Sasitharan Balasubramaniam, Daniel P. Martins, Xu Li

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

Bacteria are known to interpret a range of external molecular signals that are crucial for sensing environmental conditions and adapting their behaviors accordingly. These external signals are processed through a multitude of signaling transduction networks that include the gene regulatory network (GRN). From close observation, the GRN resembles and exhibits structural and functional properties that are similar to artificial neural networks. An in-depth analysis of gene expression dynamics further provides a new viewpoint of characterizing the inherited computing properties underlying the GRN of bacteria despite being non-neuronal organisms. In this study, we introduce a model to quantify the gene-to-gene interaction …

Energy Extraction From Black Holes By Cosmic Strings, Michael Ramsey

Discovery Day

Cosmic strings, speculative one-dimensional objects, are thought to result from spontaneous, electroweak symmetry-breaking phase transitions in the early universe. If cosmic strings exist, they could extract energy from spinning black holes via the Penrose process. Although theoretically motivated, cosmic strings have not yet been observed. We propose an indirect method of observing a cosmic string by investigating a pulsar-black hole binary system, using high precision observations of pulsars. We then aim to place bounds on cosmic string abundance and tension.

The Role Of Leading-Edge Serrations In Controlling The Flow Over Owls’ Wing, Tanner Saussaman, Asif Nafi, David Charland, Hadar Ben-Gida, Roi Gurka

Physics and Engineering Science

We studied the effects of leading-edge serrations on the flow dynamics developed over an owl wing model. Owls are predatory birds. Most owl species are nocturnal, with some active during the day. The nocturnal ones feature stealth capabilities that are partially attributed to their wing microfeatures. One of these microfeatures is small rigid combs (i.e. serrations) aligned at an angle with respect to the incoming flow located at the wings' leading-edge region of the primaries. These serrations are essentially passive flow control devices that enhance some of the owls' flight characteristics, such as aeroacoustics and, potentially, aerodynamics. We performed a …

Bare-Bones Based Salp Swarm Algorithm For Text Document Clustering, Mohammed Azmi Al-Betar, Ammar Kamal Abasi, Ghazi Al-Naymat, Kamran Arshad, Sharif Naser Makhadmeh

Machine Learning Faculty Publications

Text Document Clustering (TDC) is a challenging optimization problem in unsupervised machine learning and text mining. The Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) has been found to be effective in solving complex optimization problems. However, the SSA’s exploitation phase requires improvement to solve the TDC problem effectively. In this paper, we propose a new approach, known as the Bare-Bones Salp Swarm Algorithm (BBSSA), which leverages Gaussian search equations, inverse hyperbolic cosine control strategies, and greedy selection techniques to create new individuals and guide the population towards solving the TDC problem. We evaluated the performance of the BBSSA on six benchmark datasets from …

Contribution Of Double Diffusion Theories And Thermal Radiation On Three Dimensional Nanofluid Flow Via Optimal Homotopy Analysis Procedure, Muhammad Sohail, Nida Alyas, Muhammad Saqib

International Journal of Emerging Multidisciplinaries: Mathematics

This paper investigated influences of heat radiation and magnetic forces on the movement of a viscous nanofluid along the stretched sheet. For heat and mass transport Cattaneo-Christov fluxes explained thermal and concentration diffusions. By applying the proper transformations, nonlinear partial differential systems can be transformed into ordinary differential systems. The resultant ordinary differential problems are evaluated using the optimal homotopy analysis procedure (OHAP). Additionally, skin friction, heat transport, and mass transport rates are calculated numerically. Diagrams have been created to show how different physical movement conditions affect temperature and concentration profiles. According to our research, temperatures and concentration profiles are …

Produção De Artigos Científicos No Estudo Longitudinal De Saúde Do Adulto (Elsa-Brasil), 2011-2023, Arthur Sandi Bauermann, Maria Antônia Mylius De Oliveira, Clara Akemi Basso Aseka, Luiza Dalmolin Beneduzi

AMNET XX Conferencia Internacional

No abstract provided.

Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit (Bpsou) Final Insufficiently Reclaimed (Ir) Sites Field Sampling Plan (Fsp) Bres No. 48 – Old Glory West, Mike Mcanulty

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit (Bpsou) Final Insufficiently Reclaimed (Ir) Sites Field Sampling And Investigation Plan (Fsp) Butte Remediation Evaluation System (Bres) No.174 – Buffalo Ditch, Mike Mcanulty

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Large Anomalous Hall, Nernst Effect And Topological Phases In The 3d-4d/5d Based Oxide Double Perovskites, Kartik Samanta, Jonathan Noky, Iñigo Robredo, Juergen Kuebler, Maia G. Vergniory, Claudia Felser

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

Magnetism and spin-orbit coupling are two fundamental and interconnected properties of oxide materials, that can give rise to various topological transport phenomena, including anomalous Hall and anomalous Nernst effects. These transport responses can be significantly enhanced by designing an electronic structure with a large Berry curvature. In this context, rocksalt-ordered double perovskites (DP), denoted as A₂BB’O₆, with two distinct transition metal sites are very powerful platforms for exploration and research. In this work, we present a comprehensive study based on the intrinsic anomalous transport in cubic and tetragonal stable DP compounds with 3d-4d/5d elements. Our findings …

New Modification Of Homotopy Perturbation Method For Multi-Point Boundary Value Problems, Mubashir Qayyum, Imbsat Oscar, Naveed Imran

International Journal of Emerging Multidisciplinaries: Mathematics

In this paper a modification of homotopy perturbation method (HPM) is proposed for multi-point boundary value problems (BVPs). In this modification, HPM is hybrid with least square (LS) optimizer and named as least square homotpy perturbation method (LSHPM). Proposed method is applied to nonlinear multi-point BVPs and results are compared with HPM. The validity and convergence of the obtained solutions are confirmed by finding residual errors in each case. Analysis reveals that LSHPM is providing much accurate results as compared to HPM and hence can be used for more complex problems.

Towards Safe Automated Refactoring Of Imperative Deep Learning Programs To Graph Execution, Raffi T. Khatchadourian Ph,D,, Tatiana Castro Vélez, Mehdi Bagherzadeh, Nan Jia, Anita Raja

Publications and Research

Efficiency is essential to support responsiveness w.r.t. ever-growing datasets, especially for Deep Learning (DL) systems. DL frameworks have traditionally embraced deferred execution-style DL code—supporting symbolic, graph-based Deep Neural Network (DNN) computation. While scalable, such development is error-prone, non-intuitive, and difficult to debug. Consequently, more natural, imperative DL frameworks encouraging eager execution have emerged at the expense of run-time performance. Though hybrid approaches aim for the "best of both worlds," using them effectively requires subtle considerations to make code amenable to safe, accurate, and efficient graph execution. We present our ongoing work on automated refactoring that assists developers in specifying whether …

Luminous Radio Emission From The Superluminous Supernova 2017ens At 3.3 Yr After Explosion, Raffaella Margutti, J. S. Bright, D. J. Matthews, D. L. Coppejans, K. D. Alexander, E. Berger, M. Bietenholz, R. Chornock, L. Demarchi, M. R. Drout, T. Eftekhari, W. V. Jacobson-Galán, T. Laskar, D. Milisavljevic, K. Murase, M. Nicholl, C. M. B. Omand, M. Stroh, G. Terreran, B. A. Vanderley

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We present the results from a multiyear radio campaign of the superluminous supernova (SLSN) SN 2017ens, which yielded the earliest radio detection of an SLSN to date at the age of ∼3.3 yr after explosion. SN 2017ens was not detected at radio frequencies in the first ∼300 days but reached L_ν ≈ 10²⁸ erg s⁻¹ cm⁻² Hz⁻¹ at ν ∼ 6 GHz, ∼1250 days post explosion. Interpreting the radio observations in the context of synchrotron radiation from the supernova shock interaction with the circumstellar medium (CSM), we infer an effective mass-loss rate Ṁ ≈ 10 …

Current Developments On Extreme Value Copulas: Extended Pickands Dependence Functions, Christophe Chesneau

International Journal of Emerging Multidisciplinaries: Mathematics

Copulas are mathematical tools used to model the dependence structure between random variables. Extreme value copulas specifically focus on capturing the tail dependence, which refers to the dependence structure between random variables when they exhibit extreme or rare events. The Pickands dependence functions are special convex functions that play a crucial role in characterizing extreme value copulas; they quantify the strength of their tail dependence. The creation of new Pickands dependence functions enhances our understanding of complex interdependencies, enabling more accurate modeling and risk assessment in diverse systems. In this article, a theoretical contribution to the topic is provided; an …

Multiple Structural And Functional Annotations Based In-Silico Characterization Of Q9brx8 Protein, Eiman Zahid, Muhammad Farhan Sarwar

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Numerous proteins found in humans are poorly understood because there is a dearth of experimental evidence. Hypothetical proteins (HPs) or uncharacterized proteins are the terms used to describe these proteins. In this work, one of these proteins, Q9BRX8, is investigated using in-silico or bioinformatics tools to reveal its significant properties. In this regard, NCBI for the sequence retrieval, ProtParam tool for analysis of physiochemical properties, SOPMA for secondary structure prediction, SWISS-Model for homology modelling, STRING for protein-protein interaction and HDOCK for protein-protein docking analysis among other tools, were incorporated. The physiochemical characteristics indicated that Q9BRX8, which has an instability score …

Electron As A Structure Made Of Basic Elementary Particles: Spinning Speed And Radius, Polievkt Perov

College of Arts & Sciences Faculty Works

We have calculated the orbital speed, the radius of an orbit of the revolving basic particles, and the angular speed of an electron in three models of an electron as a spinning composite particle. The three models suggested in our previous work [1] are the centered square structure, the rhombus structure, and the tetrahedral structure. The calculated speed of revolving basic particles, for all three models of an electron, does not exceed c, the maximum possible speed in nature: for the centered square model, in the rhombus model, and in the tetrahedral model. The results show that the spin of …

Bridging The Cultural Gap, Trish Ramos

Journal of Multicultural Affairs

Multicultural education is about teaching people about each other without bias. Banks, C. (2016) states “Teachers need to understand their students’ community and home life (pg. 278).” As teachers it is our duty to ensure that every student that enters our classroom leaves with a sense of worth and knowing that each of them matter regardless of ethnicity, religion, gender or cultural.

What Is The Priestley–Taylor Wet-Surface Evaporation Parameter? Testing Four Hypotheses, Richard D. Crago, Jozsef Szilagyi, Russell J. Qualls

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

This study compares four different hypotheses regarding the nature of the Priestley–Taylor parameter α. They are as follows:

1. α is a universal constant.
2. The Bowen ratio (H/LE, where H is the sensible heat flux, and LE is the latent heat flux) for equilibrium (i.e., saturated air column near the surface) evaporation is a constant times the Bowen ratio at minimal advection (Andreas et al., 2013).
3. Minimal advection over a wet surface corresponds to a particular relative humidity value.
4. α is a constant fraction of the difference from the minimum value of 1 to the maximum value of α …

The Fierce Green Fire: Vol. 14 Issue 1, Wofford College Environmental Studies Program

The Fierce Green Fire

No abstract provided.

A Study On Feature Selection Using Multi-Domain Feature Extraction For Automated K-Complex Detection, Yabing Li, Xinglong Dong, Kun Song, Xiangyun Bai, Hongye Li, Fakhreddine Karray

Machine Learning Faculty Publications

Background: K-complex detection plays a significant role in the field of sleep research. However, manual annotation for electroencephalography (EEG) recordings by visual inspection from experts is time-consuming and subjective. Therefore, there is a necessity to implement automatic detection methods based on classical machine learning algorithms. However, due to the complexity of EEG signal, current feature extraction methods always produce low relevance to k-complex detection, which leads to a great performance loss for the detection. Hence, finding compact yet effective integrated feature vectors becomes a crucially core task in k-complex detection. Method: In this paper, we first extract multi-domain features based …

Near-Threshold Collisional Dynamics In The E−E+P System, H. B. Ambalampitiya, J. Stallbaumer, Ilya I. Fabrikant, I. Kalinkin, D. V. Fursa, A. S. Kadyrov, I. Bray

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

We study e⁺-H(n) and Ps(n)-p collisions near the three-body breakup threshold and thresholds for the charge-transfer processes.We show that classical trajectoryMonte Carlo (CTMC) simulations for the three-body breakup agree reasonably well in this energy region with quantum-mechanical convergent close-coupling (CCC) calculations even if the initial hydrogen atom or positronium atom is in the ground state. The threshold behavior of the three-body breakup cross section in e⁺-H(1s) and Ps(1s)-p collisions agrees with the Wannier law with Klar’s exponent and obeys the classical scaling laws, although some deviation …

Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit (Bpsou) Final Insufficiently Reclaimed (Ir) Sites Field Sampling And Investigation Plan (Fsp) Butte Remediation Evaluation System (Bres) No. 66 – West Ruby Dump, Mike Mcanulty

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Mfa-Dvr: Direct Volume Rendering Of Mfa Models, Jianxin Sun, David Lenz, Hongfeng Yu, Tom Peterka

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

3D volume rendering is widely used to reveal insightful intrinsic patterns of volumetric datasets across many domains. However, the complex structures and varying scales of volumetric data can make efficiently generating high-quality volume rendering results a challenging task. Multivariate functional approximation (MFA) is a new data model that addresses some of the critical challenges: high-order evaluation of both value and derivative anywhere in the spatial domain, compact representation for largescale volumetric data, and uniform representation of both structured and unstructured data. In this paper, we present MFA-DVR, the first direct volume rendering pipeline utilizing the MFA model, for both structured …

Individual Difference Correlates Of Being Sexually Unrestricted Yet Declining An Hiv Test, Nicholas S. Holtzman, Stephen W. Carden, Stacy W. Smallwood, Janice Steirn, S. Mason Garrison

Department of Mathematical Sciences Faculty Publications

Which individual differences accurately predict one’s decision to get tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and do individuals who have regular short-term sex get tested at higher rates? Two studies—one lab study (total valid N = 69, with n = 20 who were tested) and one involving a student health center (valid N = 250, n = 4 who were tested)—involved participants (total valid N = 319, with n = 24 who got tested) taking a number of personality and individual difference measures, including the dark triad (Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). Then, in both studies, participants had the opportunity to …

Number Of Regions Created By Random Chords In The Circle, Shi Feng

Rose-Hulman Undergraduate Mathematics Journal

In this paper we discuss the number of regions in a unit circle after drawing n i.i.d. random chords in the circle according to a particular family of distribution. We find that as n goes to infinity, the distribution of the number of regions, properly shifted and scaled, converges to the standard normal distribution and the error can be bounded by Stein's method for proving Central Limit Theorem.

The Mean Sum Of Squared Linking Numbers Of Random Piecewise-Linear Embeddings Of $K_N$, Yasmin Aguillon, Xingyu Cheng, Spencer Eddins, Pedro Morales

Rose-Hulman Undergraduate Mathematics Journal

DNA and other polymer chains in confined spaces behave like closed loops. Arsuaga et al. \cite{AB} introduced the uniform random polygon model in order to better understand such loops in confined spaces using probabilistic and knot theoretical techniques, giving some classification on the mean squared linking number of such loops. Flapan and Kozai \cite{flapan2016linking} extended these techniques to find the mean sum of squared linking numbers for random linear embeddings of complete graphs $K_n$ and found it to have order $\Theta(n(n!))$. We further these ideas by inspecting random piecewise-linear embeddings of complete graphs and give introductory-level summaries of the ideas …

Strengthening Brain Research In Africa, Abdullahi Tunde Aborode, Nike Jesutofunmi Idowu, Samuel Tundealao, Joseph Jaiyeola, Ogunware Adedayo Emmanuel

Chemistry Department: Faculty Publications

This paper explores the emerging field of neuroscience in Africa, considering the unique genetic diversity, sociocultural determinants, and health inequalities in the continent. It presents numerous brain research initiatives, such as ABDRN, AMARI, APCDR, and H3Africa, aimed at understanding genetic and environmental factors influencing brain disorders in Africa. Despite numerous challenges like the brain drain phenomenon, inadequate infrastructure, and scarce research expertise, significant progress has been achieved. The paper proposes solutions, including international collaboration, capacity-building efforts, and policies to promote neuroscience research, to enhance the understanding of brain function and address brain-related health issues within the African context.

What Is Microbial Dormancy, Mark D. Mcdonald, Carlos Owusu-Ansah, Jared B. Ellenbogen, Zachary D. Malone, Michael P. Ricketts, Steve E. Frolking, Jessica G. Ernakovich, Michael Ibba, Sarah C. Bagby, J. L. Weissman

Faculty Publications

Life can be stressful. One way to deal with stress is to simply wait it out. Microbes do this by entering a state of reduced activity and increased resistance commonly called ‘dormancy’. But what is dormancy? Different scientific disciplines emphasize distinct traits and phenotypic ranges in defining dormancy for their microbial species and system-specific questions of interest. Here, we propose a unified definition of microbial dormancy, using a broad framework to place earlier discipline-specific definitions in a new context. We then discuss how this new definition and framework may improve our ability to investigate dormancy using multi-omics tools. Finally, we …

Water-Energy-Food Linkages In Community Smallholder Irrigation Schemes: Center Pivot Irrigation In Rwanda, Ankit Chandra, Derek M. Heeren, Lameck O. Odhiambo, N. Brozovic

Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute: Faculty Publications

Water, energy, and food are linked in intricate ways in irrigated agriculture and understanding the interplay of these components is crucial for sustainable and profitable crop production, particularly in smallholder setting such as in sub-Saharan Africa. This study evaluates water-energy-food linkages, engineering and economic performance, irrigation decision making, and challenges faced around water management in a community-based mechanized irrigation scheme in Rwanda. The research is the first to analyze such as scheme, which uses technology typically used by large farmers in a smallholder setting. The study investigates the variation in water requirements and the relationship and impacts of this variability …