Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Alignment Of The Western And Eastern Passage Tombs At Knowth Tomb 1, Frank Prendergast, Tom Ray

Book/Book Chapter

This report presents a summary account of two surveys undertaken by the authors to determine and interpret the alignments of the western and eastern passage tombs at Knowth, Co. Meath. The findings indicate that contrary to earlier suggestions, the eastern passage and the western passage (inner and outer) are not aligned towards sunrise and sunset respectively at the period of the vernal and autumnal equinoxes.

Functional Regression, Jeffrey S. Morris

Jeffrey S. Morris

Functional data analysis (FDA) involves the analysis of data whose ideal units of observation are functions defined on some continuous domain, and the observed data consist of a sample of functions taken from some population, sampled on a discrete grid. Ramsay and Silverman's 1997 textbook sparked the development of this field, which has accelerated in the past 10 years to become one of the fastest growing areas of statistics, fueled by the growing number of applications yielding this type of data. One unique characteristic of FDA is the need to combine information both across and within functions, which Ramsay ...

Intelligent Firefly Algorithm For Global Optimization, Seif-Eddeen K. Fateen, Adrián Bonilla-Petriciolet

Seif-Eddeen K Fateen

Intelligent firefly algorithm (IFA) is a novel global optimization algorithm that aims to improve the performance of the firefly algorithm (FA), whichwas inspired by the flashing communication signals among firefly swarms. This chapter introduces the IFA modification and evaluates its performance in comparison with the original algorithm in twenty multi-dimensional benchmark problems. The results of those numerical experiments show that IFA outperformed FA in terms of reliability and effectiveness in all tested benchmark problems. In some cases, the global minimum could not have been successfully identified via the firefly algorithm, except with the proposed modification for FA.

Imls Place Grant: Press Release 2, Place Project Group

PLACE Project

Press release dated October 25, 2014, describing the PLACE (Position-based Location Archive Coordinate Explorer) project that is funded by the Institute for Museum and Library Services. The University of New Hampshire (UNH) library partnered with the UNH Earth Systems Research Center to develop a geospatial interface that is searchable by geospatial coordinates.

Sent to the Geoportal Web page (Patrick Florence).

Charge Transport And Electron Emission Of Disordered Materials: Extensions Of The Walden-Wintle Model For Charge Injection With Electron Beams, Jr Dennison, Alec Sim, Gregory Wilson, Jodie C. Gillespie

Presentations

No abstract provided.

Pre-Breakdown Arcing And Electrostatic Discharge In Dielectrics Under High Dc Electric Field Stress, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison

Presentations

No abstract provided.

Fast Estimation Of Time-Varying Transmission Rates For Infectious Diseases, Michelle S. Dejonge

Open Access Dissertations and Theses

Modelling and analysis of recurrent infectious disease epidemics often depends on the reconstruction of a time-varying transmission rate from historical reports of cases or deaths. Statistically rigorous estimation methods for time-varying transmission rates exist but are too computationally demanding to apply to a time series longer than a few decades. We present a computationally ecient estimation method that is suitable for very long data sets. Our method, which uses a discrete-time approximation to the SIR model for infectious diseases, is easy to implement and outperforms the classic Fine and Clarkson estimation method.

Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry: A High-Throughput Platform In Metabolomics For Assessment Of Lifestyle Interventions In Human Health, Naomi L. Kuehnbaum

Open Access Dissertations and Theses

Research in this thesis has focused on development and application of novel methodologies that enhance sample throughput and data fidelity when performing untargeted metabolome profiling by multisegment injection-capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (MSI-CE-MS). Metabolomics is a valuable tool in functional genomics research to investigate underlying molecular mechanisms associated with human health since metabolites are “real-world” end-products of gene expression. CE-MS is well-suited for metabolomics because it is a high efficiency microseparation technique that can be used to resolve complex mixtures of polar metabolites in human biofluids without complicated sample workup. In this thesis, a novel CE-MS assay for estrogens and their intact ...

Recentering The Humanities, Mellon Grant For “Through The Looking Glass: The Science Of Art...Or The Art Of Science", Crystal Boyce, Karen Schmidt, Gabe Spalding

Crystal Boyce

This program proposes to bring together the disciplines of art, theatre, physics, and chemistry as represented through the works of Argonne scientists and how their discoveries have advanced the humanities.

Parameter Identification For Ordinary And Delay Differential Equations By Using Flat Inputs, René Schenkendorf, Michael Mangold

René Schenkendorf

The concept of differential flatness has been widely used for nonlinear controller design. In this contribution, it is shown that flatness may also be a very useful property for parameter identification. An identification method based on flat inputs is introduced. The treatment of noisy measurements and the extension of the method to delay differential equations are discussed. The method is illustrated by two case studies: the well-known FitzHugh-Nagumo equations and a virus replication model with delays.

Speleothem And Biofilm Formation In A Granite/Dolerite Cave, Northern Sweden, Therese Sallstedt, Magnus Ivarsson, Johannes Lundberg, Rabbe Sjöberg, Juan Ramón Vidal Romaní

International Journal of Speleology

Tjuv-Antes grotta (Tjuv-Ante's Cave) located in northern Sweden is a round-abraded sea cave ('tunnel cave'), about 30 m in length, formed by rock-water abrasion in a dolerite dyke in granite gneiss. Abundant speleothems are restricted to the inner, mafic parts of the cave and absent on granite parts. The speleothems are of two types: cylindrical (coralloid, popcorn-like), and flowstone (thin crusts). Coralloids correspond to terrestrial stromatolite speleothems in which layers of light calcite alternate with dark, silica-rich laminae. The dark laminae are also enriched in carbon and contain incorporated remains of microorganisms. Two types of microbial communities can be ...

Caves In Caves: Evolution Of Post-Depositional Macroholes In Stalagmites, Nurit Shtober-Zisu, Henry P. Schwarcz, Tom Chow, Christopher R. Omelon, Gordon Southam

International Journal of Speleology

In a previous paper (Shtober-Zisu et al., 2012) we described millimeter to centime-sized fluid-free holes within the interiors of stalagmites of widely varying origin. We present here further observations of this phenomenon, using X-ray tomography, macroscopic and microscopic observation of sections of twenty-six stalagmites from various sites in North America and the Caribbean region. We can distinguish three types of cavities in speleothems: primary µm-sized fluid inclusions; mm to cm sized holes, aligned along the stalagmite growth axis which are clearly syngenetic; and µm to cm-sized holes away from the growth axis (“off-axis holes or OAHs”) deeply buried inside their ...

Is There Progress Toward Sustainability?: Despite The Inherent Human Resistance To Change., Jens Pohl

Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center

The theme of this paper is to briefly survey the status of current efforts to maintain our natural environment and then discuss prospects for achieving future sustainability. The author finds that while there has been general recognition of the need for environmental sensitivity and conservation of natural resources, progress toward achieving sustainability goals has been slow. A principal reason for this lack of action is found in the reactive nature of the human species. Situated by biological design in our environment we typically respond to environmental changes only after they have occurred. Accordingly, while a number of revolutionary proposals have ...

Small Satellite Space Environments Effects Test Facility, Jr Dennison, Justin Dekany, Kent Hartley, James S. Dyer, Robert H. Johnson

Presentations

No abstract provided.

One-Dimensional Weakly Nonlinear Model Equations For Rossby Waves, David Henry, Rossen Ivanov

Articles

In this study we explore several possibilities for modelling weakly nonlinear Rossby waves in fluid of constant depth, which propagate predominantly in one direction. The model equations obtained include the BBM equation, as well as the integrable KdV and Degasperis-Procesi equations.

Abstract Disjunctive Answer Set Solvers, Remi Brochenin, Yuliya Lierler, Marco Maratea

Computer Science Faculty Proceedings & Presentations

A fundamental task in answer set programming is to compute answer sets of logic programs. Answer set solvers are the programs that perform this task. The problem of deciding whether a disjunctive program has an answer set isΣ^P₂ -complete. The high complexity of reasoning within disjunctive logic programming is responsible for few solvers capable of dealing with such programs, namely DLV, GNT, CMODELS and CLASP. We show that transition systems introduced by Nieuwenhuis, Oliveras, and Tinelli to model and analyze satisfiability solvers can be adapted for disjunctive answer set solvers. In particular, we present transition systems for CMODELS ...

Multi-Scale Modeling Of Microbial Defection In The Presence Of Antibiotics, Darshan Dilip Nahar

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Iterative competition between organisms for limited resources gives rise to different social strategies including cooperation. One specific problem in the cooperating but competing species in that cost associated in exhibiting cooperative traits provokes "cheating". Cheaters acquire relatively higher fitness by reaping the benefits of cooperation without contributing towards community beneficial goods. While the relatively fit cheaters can drive the contributors to extinction, the contributors exhibit different strategies to gain preferential benefits of cooperation. The facultative benefit of cooperation to cheaters drives the population to an equilibrium frequency of cooperators and cheaters. Here we develop a multi-scale modeling approach to simulate ...

Algebraic Properties Of Ext-Modules Over Complete Intersections, Jason Hardin

Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research Papers in Mathematics

We investigate two algebraic properties of Ext-modules over a complete intersection R of codimension c. Given an R-module M, Ext(M,k) can be viewed as a graded module over a polynomial ring in c variables with an action given by the Eisenbud operators. We provide an upper bound on the degrees of the generators of this graded module in terms of the regularities of two associated coherent sheaves. In the codimension two case, our bound recovers a bound of Avramov and Buchweitz in terms of the Betti numbers of M. We also provide a description of the differential graded ...

Evaluation Of Evaporative Drivers And Hydrologic Influences Using Energy And Water Budget Techniques At A Shallow Saline Lake In The Western Sandhills Of Nebraska, Usa, Colin Peake

Dissertations & Theses in Natural Resources

The western Sandhills of Nebraska contain many shallow lakes and wetlands that interact strongly with groundwater and the overlying atmosphere. The region is semi-arid, and most of the lakes are saline, supporting a wide range of ecosystems. Water levels and salt concentrations are highly sensitive to variations in precipitation, evaporation, and groundwater fluxes, making the Sandhills an excellent laboratory for examining the effects of climate on the water balance of interdunal lakes. In this study, we investigate the atmospheric controls on evaporation rates, as well as the water balance of Alkali Lake, one of the more saline lakes in the ...

A Simple Regression-Based Approach To Account For Survival Bias In Birth Outcomes Research, Eric J. Tchetgen Tchetgen, Kelesitse Phiri, Roger Shapiro

Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series

No abstract provided.