The Effect Of Commercial Tests For Aneuploidy Screening Using Cell-Free Fetal Dna On Rates Of Invasive Testing In Clinical Practice, 2014 Lehigh Valley Health Network
The Effect Of Commercial Tests For Aneuploidy Screening Using Cell-Free Fetal Dna On Rates Of Invasive Testing In Clinical Practice, Adetola Louis-Jacques Md, Courtney R. Burans Ms, Cgc, Sarah Robinson, Elizabeth A. Schofield, Joanne Quiñones Md, Msce, John C. Smulian Md, Mph, Meredith Rochon Md
John C Smulian MD, MPH
No abstract provided.
Relative Roles Of Medical Interventions And Infrastructure In An Urban Community’S Infant Mortality Rate: 100 Years Of Infant Mortality In The City Of Worcester, 2014 University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester
Relative Roles Of Medical Interventions And Infrastructure In An Urban Community’S Infant Mortality Rate: 100 Years Of Infant Mortality In The City Of Worcester, Maya Y. Mauch, B. Dale Magee
B. Dale Magee
Background: The infant mortality rate (IMR), defined as the number of deaths in children under 1 year of age per 1000 live births, is regarded as a sensitive measure of population health (Blaxter). This reflects the overlap between those societal factors that impact infant mortality and those that affect the health of the larger community, such as SES, nutrition, living conditions, education, employment and access to health care. In 2003, Reidpath et al showed a strong linear relation between IMR and the disability adjusted life expectancy (DALE), a more comprehensive measure of population health. They concluded that either the IMR …
Approaches To Improve Quality Of Care (Qoc) For Women And Newborns: Conclusions, Evidence Gaps And Research Priorities, 2014 Aga Khan University
Approaches To Improve Quality Of Care (Qoc) For Women And Newborns: Conclusions, Evidence Gaps And Research Priorities, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Rehana A. Salam, Zohra S. Lassi, Anne Austin, Ana Langer
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
Despite progress in recent years, an estimated 273,500 women died as a result of maternal causes in 2010. The burden of these deaths is disproportionately bourne by women who reside in low income countries or belong to the poorest sectors of the population of middle or high income ones, and it is particularly acute in regions where access to and utilization of facility-based services for childbirth and newborn care is lowest. Evidence has shown that poor quality of facility-based care for these women and newborns is one of the major contributing factors for their elevated rates of morbidity and mortality. …
Prevalence And Evolution Of Intimate Partner Violence Before And During Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study, 2014 Ghent University
Prevalence And Evolution Of Intimate Partner Violence Before And During Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study, An-Sofie Van Parys, Ellen Deschepper, Kristien Michielsen, Marleen Temmerman, Hans Verstraelen
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa
Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) before and during pregnancy is associated with a broad range of adverse health outcomes. Describing the extent and the evolution of IPV is a crucial step in developing interventions to reduce the health impact of IPV. The objectives are to study the prevalence of psychological abuse, as well as physical & sexual violence, and to provide insight into the evolution of IPV 12 months before and during pregnancy.
Methods: Between June 2010 and October 2012, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 11 antenatal care clinics in Belgium. Consenting pregnant women were asked to complete a …
Women's Empowerment And Contraceptive Use: The Role Of Independent Versus Couples' Decision-Making, From A Lower Middle Income Country Perspective, 2014 Marie Stopes Society, Karachi
Women's Empowerment And Contraceptive Use: The Role Of Independent Versus Couples' Decision-Making, From A Lower Middle Income Country Perspective, Waqas Hameed, Syed Khurram Azmat, Moazzam Ali, Muhammad Ishaque Sheikh, Ghazunfer Abbas, Marleen Temmerman, Bilal Iqbal Avan
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa
Introduction: There is little available evidence of associations between the various dimensions of women’s empowerment and contraceptive use having been examined - and of how these associations are mediated by women’s socio-economic and demographic statuses. We assessed these phenomena in Pakistan using a structured-framework approach.
Methods: We analyzed data on 2,133 women who were either using any form of contraceptive or living with unmet need for contraception. The survey was conducted during May - June 2012, with married women of reproductive age (15–49 years) in three districts of Punjab. The dimensions of empowerment were categorized broadly into: economic decision making, …
Women's Empowerment And Contraceptive Use: The Role Of Independent Versus Couples' Decision-Making, From A Lower Middle Income Country Perspective, 2014 Aga Khan University
Women's Empowerment And Contraceptive Use: The Role Of Independent Versus Couples' Decision-Making, From A Lower Middle Income Country Perspective, Waqas Hameed, Syed Khurram Azmat, Moazzam Ali, Muhammad Ishaque Sheikh, Ghazunfer Abbas, Marleen Temmerman, Bilal Iqbal Avan
Community Health Sciences
Introduction: There is little available evidence of associations between the various dimensions of women's empowerment and contraceptive use having been examined--and of how these associations are mediated by women's socio-economic and demographic statuses. We assessed these phenomena in Pakistan using a structured-framework approach.
Methods: We analyzed data on 2,133 women who were either using any form of contraceptive or living with unmet need for contraception. The survey was conducted during May - June 2012, with married women of reproductive age (15-49 years) in three districts of Punjab. The dimensions of empowerment were categorized broadly into: economic decision-making, household decision-making, and …
Understanding Reproductive Healthcare And Outcomes Among Women Veterans: A Review Of Recent Research And Future Opportunities, 2014 University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester
Understanding Reproductive Healthcare And Outcomes Among Women Veterans: A Review Of Recent Research And Future Opportunities, Kristin M. Mattocks, Laurie Zephyrin
Kristin M. Mattocks
Presentation focused on reproductive health issues among women Veterans in VA care. In particular, examines patterns of healthcare utilization for gender-specific conditions among women Veterans, as well as beliefs and preferences for reproductive health care services within the VA healthcare system. Then explores innovative new research aimed at better understanding reproductive health services and outcomes among women Veterans.
Pregnancy And Mental Health Care Among Women Veterans Returning From Iraq And Afghanistan, 2014 University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester
Pregnancy And Mental Health Care Among Women Veterans Returning From Iraq And Afghanistan, Kristin M. Mattocks, Melissa Skanderson, Joseph Goulet, Sally Haskell, Elizabeth M. Yano, Erin Krebs, Amy Justice, Cynthia Brandt
Kristin M. Mattocks
Presentation looking at pregnancy and mental health care in the VA system. Documents a study examining the prevalence of pregnancy care and comparing the mental health diagnoses among pregnant and non-pregnant women in VA care. Then examining the degree to which pregnant veterans receive VA mental health care during their pregnancy. Concludes that pregnant women veterans using VA care have a substantial mental health burden.
Implantation Failure In Female Kiss1-/- Mice Is Independent Of Their Hypogonadic State And Can Be Partially Rescued By Leukemia Inhibitory Factor., 2014 Western University
Implantation Failure In Female Kiss1-/- Mice Is Independent Of Their Hypogonadic State And Can Be Partially Rescued By Leukemia Inhibitory Factor., Michele Calder, Yee-Ming Chan, Renju Raj, Macarena Pampillo, Adrienne Elbert, Michelle Noonan, Carolina Gillio-Meina, Claudia Caligioni, Nathalie G Bérubé, Moshmi Bhattacharya, Andrew J Watson, Stephanie B Seminara, Andy V Babwah
Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications
The hypothalamic kisspeptin signaling system is a major positive regulator of the reproductive neuroendocrine axis, and loss of Kiss1 in the mouse results in infertility, a condition generally attributed to its hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. We demonstrate that in Kiss1(-/-) female mice, acute replacement of gonadotropins and estradiol restores ovulation, mating, and fertilization; however, these mice are still unable to achieve pregnancy because embryos fail to implant. Progesterone treatment did not overcome this defect. Kiss1(+/-) embryos transferred to a wild-type female mouse can successfully implant, demonstrating the defect is due to maternal factors. Kisspeptin and its receptor are expressed in the mouse …
The Kras/Mapk Pathway And Ligand Independent Activation Of Erα: Implications For The Treatment Of Endometrial Cancer, 2014 The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston
The Kras/Mapk Pathway And Ligand Independent Activation Of Erα: Implications For The Treatment Of Endometrial Cancer, Kari Ring
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Hormonal therapy remains a first line option for the treatment of recurrent endometrial cancer (EC), however, many tumors demonstrate de novo or acquired resistance. Member kinases of the PI3K/AKT and Ras/MAPK pathways activate estrogen receptor α (ERα) independent of estrogen, however, few studies have evaluated the role of the Ras/MAPK pathway in predicting response to hormonal therapy in EC. The aims of this project were to evaluate the role of ligand independent activation of ERα in EC and to explore therapeutic implications for the treatment of recurrent EC.
A xenograft model for recurrent EC was used to evaluate the effect …
Unmet Need For Contraception And Unintended Pregnancies Among Women Of Reproductive Age Group: A Situation Analysis, 2014 Aga Khan University
Unmet Need For Contraception And Unintended Pregnancies Among Women Of Reproductive Age Group: A Situation Analysis, Sumera Aziz Ali, Savera Aziz Ali
School of Nursing & Midwifery
Each year approximately 210 million pregnancies occur worldwide and more than one-third (75 to 80 million) of these are unintended, more than half of these (46 million) unintended pregnancies undergo unsafe abortions. In Pakistan 16% of the births are reported to be unwanted and if the unwanted fertility is eliminated, total fertility in Pakistan would be 3.1 births per woman. Total demand for family planning in Pakistan is 55%, while the contraceptive prevalence rate is 35% and unmet need for family planning is 20%. Reasons for unmet need and unintended pregnancy include lack of permission, fear of side effects, poor …
Impact Of Peak/Mid Luteal Estradiol On Pregnancy Outcome After Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection, 2014 Aga Khan University
Impact Of Peak/Mid Luteal Estradiol On Pregnancy Outcome After Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection, Rehana Rehman, Zahir Hussain, Huma Zahir, Rakhshaan Khan
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Abstract
Objective: To compare peak to mid estradiol ratio with the probability of successful conception after intracytoplasmic
sperm injection.
Method: The quasi-experimental study was conducted in an infertility clinic at Islamabad from June 2010 till August
2011, and comprised couples subjected to intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection. Down-regulation of ovaries was
followed by calculated stimulation, ovulation induction, oocytes retrieval, intra cytoplasmic sperm injection, in vitro
maturation of embryos and finally blastocysts transfer. Serum estradiol was measured by enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay on ovulation induction day and the day of embryo transfer. Failure of procedure was detected
by beta human chorionic gonadotropin5-25mIU/ml (Group I; …
Maternal Near-Miss And Death And Their Association With Caesarean Section Complications: A Cross-Sectional Study At A University Hospital And A Regional Hospital In Tanzania, 2014 Uppsala University, Sweden
Maternal Near-Miss And Death And Their Association With Caesarean Section Complications: A Cross-Sectional Study At A University Hospital And A Regional Hospital In Tanzania, Helena Litorp, Hussein Kidanto, Mattias Rööst, Muzdalifat Abeid, Lennarth Nyström, Birgitta Essén
Faculty of Health Sciences, East Africa
Background The maternal near-miss (MNM) concept has been developed to assess life-threatening conditions during pregnancy, childhood, and puerperium. In recent years, caesarean section (CS) rates have increased rapidly in many low- and middle-income countries, a trend which might have serious effects on maternal health. Our aim was to describe the occurrence and panorama of maternal near-miss and death in two low-resource settings, and explore their association with CS complications.
Methods We performed a cross-sectional study, including all women who fulfilled the WHO criteria for MNM or death between February and June 2012 at a university hospital and a regional hospital …
The Changing Tides In Gynecologic Surgery: Minimally Invasive Options What We Know And How Do We Improve Usage And Training, 2014 Wright State University
The Changing Tides In Gynecologic Surgery: Minimally Invasive Options What We Know And How Do We Improve Usage And Training, Michael L. Galloway
Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Publications
Over the past twenty years gynecologic surgery has evolved from primarily abdominal approach to the current focuson minimally invasive surgical techniques. Minimally invasive techniques include vaginal and laparoscopic techniques. Evolution in laparoscopic technology and equipment has exploded to include multiple vessel sealing instruments of varying modalities, instruments with “wristed” capabilities and robotic assisted technology. Single port laparoscopy and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery notes are other variations of laparoscopic technology. Vaginal surgery is still touted as the “ultimate” minimally invasive surgery by ACOG, however, its use has not grown over this time. Many surgeons have had limited training in vaginal …
Pregnancy Anxiety And Prenatal Cortisol Trajectories, 2014 University of California - Los Angeles
Pregnancy Anxiety And Prenatal Cortisol Trajectories, Heidi S. Kane, Christine Dunkel Schetter, Laura M. Glynn, Calvin J. Hobel, Curt A. Sandman
Psychology Faculty Articles and Research
Pregnancy anxiety is a potent predictor of adverse birth and infant outcomes. The goal of the current study was to examine one potential mechanism whereby these effects may occur by testing associations between pregnancy anxiety and maternal salivary cortisol on 4 occasions during pregnancy in a sample of 448 women. Higher mean levels of pregnancy anxiety over the course of pregnancy predicted steeper increases in cortisol trajectories compared to lower pregnancy anxiety. Significant differences between cortisol trajectories emerged between 30 to 31 weeks of gestation. Results remained significant when adjusted for state anxiety and perceived stress. Neither changes in pregnancy …
The Future Of Teratology Research Is In Vitro, 2014 University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne
The Future Of Teratology Research Is In Vitro, Jarrod Bailey, Andrew Knight, Jonathan Balcombe
Jonathan Balcombe, Ph.D.
Birth defects induced by maternal exposure to exogenous agents during pregnancy are preventable, if the agents themselves can be identified and avoided. Billions of dollars and manhours have been dedicated to animal-based discovery and characterisation methods over decades. We show here, via a comprehensive systematic review and analysis of this data, that these methods constitute questionable science and pose a hazard to humans. Mean positive and negative predictivities barely exceed 50%; discordance among the species used is substantial; reliable extrapolation from animal data to humans is impossible, and virtually all known human teratogens have so far been identified in spite …
The Future Of Teratology Research Is In Vitro, 2014 University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne
The Future Of Teratology Research Is In Vitro, Jarrod Bailey, Andrew Knight, Jonathan Balcombe
Jonathan Balcombe, PhD
Birth defects induced by maternal exposure to exogenous agents during pregnancy are preventable, if the agents themselves can be identified and avoided. Billions of dollars and manhours have been dedicated to animal-based discovery and characterisation methods over decades. We show here, via a comprehensive systematic review and analysis of this data, that these methods constitute questionable science and pose a hazard to humans. Mean positive and negative predictivities barely exceed 50%; discordance among the species used is substantial; reliable extrapolation from animal data to humans is impossible, and virtually all known human teratogens have so far been identified in spite …
Systematic Review Of Facility-Based Sexual And Reproductive Health Services For Female Sex Workers In Africa, 2014 University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
Systematic Review Of Facility-Based Sexual And Reproductive Health Services For Female Sex Workers In Africa, Ashar Dhana, Stanley Luchters, Lizzie Moore, Yves Lafort, Anuradha Roy, Fiona Scorgie, Matthew Chersich
Population Health, East Africa
Background: Several biological, behavioural, and structural risk factors place female sex workers (FSWs) at heightened risk of HIV, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and other adverse sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes. FSW projects in many settings have demonstrated effective ways of altering this risk, improving the health and wellbeing of these women. Yet the optimum delivery model of FSW projects in Africa is unclear. This systematic review describes intervention packages, service-delivery models, and extent of government involvement in these services in Africa.
Methods: On 22 November 2012, we searched Web of Science and MEDLINE, without date restrictions, for …
'There Are A Lot Of New People In Town: But They Are Here For Soccer, Not For Business' A Qualitative Inquiry Into The Impact Of The 2010 Soccer World Cup On Sex Work In South Africa, 2014 Ghent University, Belgium
'There Are A Lot Of New People In Town: But They Are Here For Soccer, Not For Business' A Qualitative Inquiry Into The Impact Of The 2010 Soccer World Cup On Sex Work In South Africa, Marlise L. Richter, Fiona Scorgie, Matthew F. Chersich, Stanley Luchters
Population Health, East Africa
Background: Sports mega-events have expanded in size, popularity and cost. Fuelled by media speculation and moral panics, myths proliferate about the increase in trafficking into forced prostitution as well as sex work in the run-up to such events. This qualitative enquiry explores the perceptions of male, female and transgender sex workers of the 2010 Soccer World Cup held in South Africa, and the impact it had on their work and private lives.
Methods: A multi-method study design was employed. Data consisted of 14 Focus Group Discussions, 53 sex worker diaries, and responses to two questions in surveys with …
Responding To Change In Reproductive Endocrinology Fellowships, 2014 Jefferson Medical College
Responding To Change In Reproductive Endocrinology Fellowships, William Schlaff, Md
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers
Thirty years ago, in the days when I was a reproductive endocrinology fellow, the field looked far different than it does today. Reproductive endocrinologists at that time were most assuredly the experts in diagnosing and treating infertility, but were often, if not usually the go-to doctors for patients with congenital uterovaginal anomalies, endometriosis, and those in need of complicated endoscopic procedures. The REI was not only the authority on polycystic ovary syndrome and other hormonal problems, but often the leader in addressing clinical issues in contraception, abnormal uterine bleeding, and menopause. In the early to mid-1980’s infertility treatment, such as …