Neurology Commons^™

Hispanics Have Higher Grade Intracerebral Hemorrhage Compared To Non-Hispanics, Jessica Houck Do, Tej Stead, Paul Banerjee, Latha Ganti Md

Emergency Medicine

No abstract provided.

Multi-Domain Cognitive Assessment Of Male Mice Shows Space Radiation Is Not Harmful To High-Level Cognition And Actually Improves Pattern Separation, Cody W. Whoolery, Sanghee Yun, Ryan P. Reynolds, Melanie J. Lucero, Ivan Soler, Fionya H. Tran, Naoki Ito, Rachel L. Redfield, Devon R. Richardson, Hung-Ying Shih, Phillip D. Rivera, Benjamin P. C. Chen, Shari G. Birnbaum, Ann M. Stowe, Amelia J. Eisch

Neurology Faculty Publications

Astronauts on interplanetary missions - such as to Mars - will be exposed to space radiation, a spectrum of highly-charged, fast-moving particles that includes ⁵⁶Fe and ²⁸Si. Earth-based preclinical studies show space radiation decreases rodent performance in low- and some high-level cognitive tasks. Given astronaut use of touchscreen platforms during training and space flight and given the ability of rodent touchscreen tasks to assess functional integrity of brain circuits and multiple cognitive domains in a non-aversive way, here we exposed 6-month-old C57BL/6J male mice to whole-body space radiation and subsequently assessed them on a touchscreen battery. Relative to …

Cost-Effectiveness Model Shows Superiority Of Wireless Spinal Cord Stimulation Implantation Without A Separate Trial., Richard B North, Harish S. Parihar, Shawn D. Spencer, Arthur F Spalding, Jane Shipley

PCOM Scholarly Papers

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of wireless spinal cord stimulation (Wireless SCS) with single stage "direct to permanent" implantation vs. screening with temporary electrodes and an external pulse generator followed by implantation of a system for long-term use (IPG SCS).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We created a cost model that takes a 2019 United States (U.S.) payer perspective and is based on IPG SCS cost models for subjects with chronic back and/or leg pain. Our six-month decision tree includes the screening trial period (success ≥50% relief) and leads to various levels of pain relief with or without complications for IPG SCS …

Can Treadmill Training With Musical Cueing In Individuals With Progressive Parkinson’S Disease Improve Ambulation?, Kristen Barta, Derrick F. Campbell, Sharon Dunnivan-Mitchell Pt, Dpt

Physical Therapy Collection

The purpose of this study was to measure the effectiveness of a specialized musical composition in combination with treadmill training to impact gait parameters and balance in people with progressive Parkinson’s disease (PD). Incorporation of auditory stimulation, typically via metronome, to improve movement has been successfully used in rehabilitation for decades. Treadmill training, also frequently used in treatment of PD, has shown short- and long-term improvements in stride length, cadence, stance and swing phase. Music assisted therapy utilizing expertly designed musical composition, known as informed composition, has recently become available for use in rehabilitation in collaboration with music therapists. Combination …

B Cells Migrate Into Remote Brain Areas And Support Neurogenesis And Functional Recovery After Focal Stroke In Mice, Sterling B. Ortega, Vanessa O. Torres, Sarah E. Latchney, Cody W. Whoolery, Ibrahim Z. Noorbhai, Katie Poinsatte, Uma M. Selvaraj, Monica A. Benson, Anouk J. M. Meeuwissen, Erik J. Plautz, Xiangmei Kong, Denise M. Ramirez, Apoorva D. Ajay, Julian P. Meeks, Mark P. Goldberg, Nancy L. Monson, Amelia J. Eisch, Ann M. Stowe

Neurology Faculty Publications

Lymphocytes infiltrate the stroke core and penumbra and often exacerbate cellular injury. B cells, however, are lymphocytes that do not contribute to acute pathology but can support recovery. B cell adoptive transfer to mice reduced infarct volumes 3 and 7 d after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAo), independent of changing immune populations in recipient mice. Testing a direct neurotrophic effect, B cells cocultured with mixed cortical cells protected neurons and maintained dendritic arborization after oxygen-glucose deprivation. Whole-brain volumetric serial two-photon tomography (STPT) and a custom-developed image analysis pipeline visualized and quantified poststroke B cell diapedesis throughout the brain, including …

Hierarchical Clustering Analyses Of Plasma Proteins In Subjects With Cardiovascular Risk Factors Identify Informative Subsets Based On Differential Levels Of Angiogenic And Inflammatory Biomarkers, Zachary Winder, Tiffany L. Sudduth, David W. Fardo, Qiang Cheng, Larry B. Goldstein, Peter T. Nelson, Frederick A. Schmitt, Gregory A. Jicha, Donna M. Wilcock

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Agglomerative hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) is a commonly used unsupervised machine learning approach for identifying informative natural clusters of observations. HCA is performed by calculating a pairwise dissimilarity matrix and then clustering similar observations until all observations are grouped within a cluster. Verifying the empirical clusters produced by HCA is complex and not well studied in biomedical applications. Here, we demonstrate the comparability of a novel HCA technique with one that was used in previous biomedical applications while applying both techniques to plasma angiogenic (FGF, FLT, PIGF, Tie-2, VEGF, VEGF-D) and inflammatory (MMP1, MMP3, MMP9, IL8, TNFα) protein data to …

The Effectiveness Of A Mindfulness-Based Intervention: A Neuropsychological Perspective Using An Electroencephalography, Elizabeth Mary Grace

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in mindfulness-related techniques. The willingness to experience emotions fully, just as they are, is a catalyst for psychological change to occur. Mindfulness has been used to alleviate stress and promote healthy living (Lagopoulos et al., 2009). The clinical utility of mindfulness has grown exponentially; however, the neuropsychological process of mindfulness is still being understood. The present study sought to examine the influence of a brief mindfulness intervention on brain activation in college students. A sample (n = 17) of undergraduate participants were randomly assigned into a prepost mindfulness intervention or control …

Impaired Meningeal Lymphatic Vessel Development Worsens Stroke Outcome, Pavel Yanev, Katherine Poinsatte, Devon Hominick, Noor Khurana, Kielen R. Zuurbier, Marcus Berndt, Erik J. Plautz, Michael T. Dellinger, Ann M. Stowe

Neurology Faculty Publications

The discovery of meningeal lymphatic vessels (LVs) has sparked interest in identifying their role in diseases of the central nervous system. Similar to peripheral LVs, meningeal LVs depend on vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR3) signaling for development. Here we characterize the effect of stroke on meningeal LVs, and the impact of meningeal lymphatic hypoplasia on post-stroke outcomes. We show that photothrombosis (PT), but not transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAo), induces meningeal lymphangiogenesis in young male C57Bl/J6 mice. We also show that Vegfr3^wt/mut mice develop significantly fewer meningeal LVs than Vegfr3^wt/wt mice. Again, meningeal lymphangiogenesis occurs in …

Evaluation Of The Effect Of Gm-Csf Blocking On The Phenotype And Function Of Human Monocytes., Noushin Lotfi, Guang-Xian Zhang, Nafiseh Esmaeil, Mohamad Rostami

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a multipotent cytokine that prompts the proliferation of bone marrow-derived macrophages and granulocytes. In addition to its effects as a growth factor, GM-CSF plays an important role in chronic inflammatory autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Reports have identified monocytes as the primary target of GM-CSF; however, its effect on monocyte activation has been under-estimated. Here, using flow cytometry and ELISA we show that GM-CSF induces an inflammatory profile in human monocytes, which includes an upregulated expression of HLA-DR and CD86 molecules and increased production of TNF-α and IL-1β. Conversely, blockage of …

Evaluation Of The Effect Of Gm-Csf Blocking On The Phenotype And Function Of Human Monocytes, Noushin Lotfi, Guang-Xian Zhang, Nafiseh Esmaeil, Mohamad Rostami

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a multipotent cytokine that prompts the proliferation of bone marrow-derived macrophages and granulocytes. In addition to its effects as a growth factor, GM-CSF plays an important role in chronic inflammatory autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Reports have identified monocytes as the primary target of GM-CSF; however, its effect on monocyte activation has been under-estimated. Here, using flow cytometry and ELISA we show that GM-CSF induces an inflammatory profile in human monocytes, which includes an upregulated expression of HLA-DR and CD86 molecules and increased production of TNF-α and IL-1β. Conversely, blockage of …

Short-Chain Fatty Acids Improve Poststroke Recovery Via Immunological Mechanisms, Rebecca Sadler, Julia V. Cramer, Steffanie Heindl, Sarantos Kostidis, Dene Betz, Kielen R. Zuurbier, Bernd H. Northoff, Marieke Heijink, Mark P. Goldberg, Erik J. Plautz, Stefan Roth, Rainer Malik, Martin Dichgans, Lesca M. Holdt, Corinne Benakis, Martin Giera, Ann M. Stowe, Arthur Liesz

Neurology Faculty Publications

Recovery after stroke is a multicellular process encompassing neurons, resident immune cells, and brain-invading cells. Stroke alters the gut microbiome, which in turn has considerable impact on stroke outcome. However, the mechanisms underlying gut–brain interaction and implications for long-term recovery are largely elusive. Here, we tested the hypothesis that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), key bioactive microbial metabolites, are the missing link along the gut–brain axis and might be able to modulate recovery after experimental stroke. SCFA supplementation in the drinking water of male mice significantly improved recovery of affected limb motor function. Using in vivo wide-field calcium imaging, we observed …

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy And The Built Environment, Dak Kopec, Kendall Marsh

Architecture Faculty Research

© 2020, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia. All rights reserved. Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBIs) are often connected to the development of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE), a degenerative brain disease commonly found in athletes, military veterans, and others that have a history of repetitive brain trauma. This formative exploratory study looked at person-centred design techniques for a person with CTE. The person-centred design method used for this study was based on a two-tiered reductionist approach; the first tier was to identify common symptoms and concerns associated with CTE from the literature. This information provided specific symptoms that were addressed through brainstorming …

Effect Of 5-Minute Movies Shown Via A Mobile Phone App On Risk Factors And Mortality After Stroke In A Low- To Middle-Income Country: Randomized Controlled Trial For The Stroke Caregiver Dyad Education Intervention (Movies4stroke), Ayeesha Kamran Kamal, Adeel Khoja, Bushra Usmani, Shahvaiz Magsi, Aresha Malani, Zahra Peera, Saadia Sattar, Masood Ahmed Akram, Sumaira Shahnawaz, Maryam Zulfiqar, Abdul Muqeet, Fabiha Zaidi, Saleem Sayani, Azmina Artani, Syed Iqbal Azam, Sarah Saleem

Section of Neurology

Background: Pakistan is the sixth most populous nation in the world and has an estimated 4 million stroke survivors. Most survivors are taken care of by community-based caregivers, and there are no inpatient rehabilitation facilities.
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of locally designed 5-min movies rolled out in order of relevance that are thematically delivered in a 3-month program to deliver poststroke education to stroke survivor and caregiver dyads returning to the community.
Methods: This study was a randomized controlled, outcome assessor–blinded, parallel group, single-center superiority trial in which participants (stroke survivor-caregiver …

A Feasibility Study Of Lavender Aromatherapy In An Awake Craniotomy Environment, Kailah Cathey, Nichole Gunyon, Nancy Chung, Nancy Conway, Diane Ames, Maharaj Singh, Amin B. Kassam, Richard A. Rovin

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Integrative medicine interventions are needed for awake craniotomies, as many patients experience anxiety. Lavender aromatherapy significantly reduces anxiety or pain in a variety of surgical procedures. This feasibility study used lavender aromatherapy during awake craniotomies to determine the number of patients who would consent and complete the study, the technicality of lavender aromatherapy use, and acceptance by operating room (OR) staff.

Methods: We approached 40 consecutive patients (≥18 years old). Exclusion criteria were pulmonary issues or sensitivity to lavender. Outcome measures in consented patients were enrollment and completion rates, anxiety and pain as measured by the Visual Analog Scale …

Lavender Aromatherapy: Ready For Prime-Time Office Use?, Dennis J. Baumgardner

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

The editor-in-chief of Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews comments on the perioperative use of lavender aromatherapy and its potential to relieve pain and anxiety during minor primary care office procedures.

Giant 75mm Intracranial Aneurysm Masquerading As Primary Malignancy, Andrew W. Hwang, Satvir Dhillon Md, Remus Popa

Internal Medicine

No abstract provided.

Review Of Alterations In Perlecan-Associated Vascular Risk Factors In Dementia, Amanda L. Trout, Ibolya Rutkai, Ifechukwude J. Biose, Gregory J. Bix

Neurology Faculty Publications

Perlecan is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan protein in the extracellular matrix that structurally and biochemically supports the cerebrovasculature by dynamically responding to changes in cerebral blood flow. These changes in perlecan expression seem to be contradictory, ranging from neuroprotective and angiogenic to thrombotic and linked to lipid retention. This review investigates perlecan's influence on risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, and amyloid that effect Vascular contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (VCID). VCID, a comorbidity with diverse etiology in sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), is thought to be a major factor that drives the overall clinical burden of dementia. Accordingly, changes …

Expression Of Cytokines And Chemokines As Predictors Of Stroke Outcomes In Acute Ischemic Stroke, Sarah R. Martha, Qiang Cheng, Justin F. Fraser, Liyu Gong, Lisa A. Collier, Stephanie M. Davis, Doug Lukins, Abdulnasser Alhajeri, Stephen Grupke, Keith R. Pennypacker

Institute for Biomedical Informatics Faculty Publications

Introduction: Ischemic stroke remains one of the most debilitating diseases and is the fifth leading cause of death in the US. The ability to predict stroke outcomes within the acute period of stroke would be essential for care planning and rehabilitation. The Blood and Clot Thrombectomy Registry and Collaboration (BACTRAC; clinicaltrials.gov NCT03153683) study collects arterial blood immediately distal and proximal to the intracranial thrombus at the time of mechanical thrombectomy. These blood samples are an innovative resource in evaluating acute gene expression changes at the time of ischemic stroke. The purpose of this study was to identify inflammatory genes and …

Computer-Assisted Planning For Minimally Invasive Anterior Two-Thirds Laser Corpus Callosotomy: A Feasibility Study With Probabilistic Tractography Validation., Vejay N. Vakharia, Rachel E. Sparks, Sjoerd B. Vos, Yarema Bezchlibnyk, Ashesh D. Mehta, Jon T. Willie, Chengyuan Wu, Ashwini Sharan, Sebastien Ourselin, John S Duncan

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Anterior two-thirds corpus callosotomy is an effective palliative neurosurgical procedure for drug-refractory epilepsy that is most commonly used to treat drop-attacks. Laser interstitial thermal therapy is a novel stereotactic ablative technique that has been utilised as a minimally invasive alternative to resective and disconnective open neurosurgery. Case series have reported success in performing laser anterior two-thirds corpus callosotomy. Computer-assisted planning algorithms may help to automate and optimise multi-trajectory planning for this procedure.

OBJECTIVE: To undertake a simulation-based feasibility study of computer-assisted corpus callostomy planning in comparison with expert manual plans in the same patients.

METHODS: Ten patients were selected …

Musical Expertise Generalizes To Superior Temporal Scaling In A Morse Code Tapping Task, Matthew A. Slayton, Juan L. Romero-Sosa, Katrina Shore, Dean V. Buonomano, Indre Viskontas

Psychology

A key feature of the brain’s ability to tell time and generate complex temporal patterns is its capacity to produce similar temporal patterns at different speeds. For example, humans can tie a shoe, type, or play an instrument at different speeds or tempi—a phenomenon referred to as temporal scaling. While it is well established that training improves timing precision and accuracy, it is not known whether expertise improves temporal scaling, and if so, whether it generalizes across skill domains. We quantified temporal scaling and timing precision in musicians and non-musicians as they learned to tap a Morse code sequence. We …