Exemption Of Subordinates From Obedience To Superiors In The Public Service Sector,
2026
FSJES Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca
Exemption Of Subordinates From Obedience To Superiors In The Public Service Sector, Radouane Abou Joumaa
Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)
On the occasion of the thirtieth anniversary of Morocco's first Public Service Act, this paper revisits key principles to assess their continuity or evolution over time. The focus is on presidential obedience, a fundamental duty that ensures subordinates' actions carry legal legitimacy and enables effective administrative organization. However, this duty raises complex questions that extend beyond legal frameworks to encompass sociological and historical dimensions. The author examines whether circumstances exist where subordinates may be exempted from obeying superiors, exploring the delicate balance between hierarchical discipline and individual responsibility. This analysis highlights the tension between administrative hierarchy and evolving concepts of …
Legality And Appropriateness In Public Service Decisions,
2026
Faculty of Law, Oujda
Legality And Appropriateness In Public Service Decisions, Abdellah El Idrissi
Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)
The organization of public service aims to address practical issues by ensuring sound administration and meeting public needs while responding to civil servants' aspirations for continuous improvement. Decisions taken by governmental authorities regarding their employees—such as recruitment, training, promotion, transfer, discipline, and performance evaluation—are among the most significant and directly affect civil servants' administrative careers and rights. Given their impact on rights and freedoms, public service legislation typically surrounds these decisions with procedural guarantees to protect employees against potential abuses. However, these legislative safeguards remain insufficient unless civil servants can challenge administrative decisions before the courts, reinforcing the importance of …
Deductions From Salaries And Wages: The Tax On Financial Performance At The Expense Of Tax Justice,
2026
UH2C Press
Deductions From Salaries And Wages: The Tax On Financial Performance At The Expense Of Tax Justice, Asaad Abdelmajid
Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)
This paper examines salary and wage deductions in Morocco, focusing on the tax on financial performance and its implications for tax justice. The author emphasizes that public administration plays a crucial role in tax collection and that any tax reform's effectiveness depends heavily on the administrative apparatus responsible for its implementation. As G. Ardant notes, the value of any tax system remains contingent upon the administration that applies it. Moroccan tax administration faces structural challenges inherited from the colonial period, including a shortage of qualified personnel relative to the number of taxpayers. These deficiencies raise concerns about fairness and efficiency …
The Legal Status Of Civil Servants In Criminal And Private Law,
2026
FSJES Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca
The Legal Status Of Civil Servants In Criminal And Private Law, Mohamed El Kichbor
Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)
This contribution examines the legal status of civil servants in Morocco under criminal and private law. The author reflects on the thirtieth anniversary of the Public Service Act, enacted by Dahir of February 24, 1958. This statute represented a milestone in consolidating Morocco's sovereignty and reinforcing its political independence following 1954. It established a legal framework governing the relationship between the newly established Moroccan administration and its civil servants, who replaced French protectorate officials. The Public Service Act is a cornerstone of Moroccan administrative law, regulating relations between public authorities and employees working to serve the public interest and manage …
The Impact Of Administrative Reform On The Teaching Staff In Morocco,
2026
Deputy Administrator, Central Service for Higher Education
The Impact Of Administrative Reform On The Teaching Staff In Morocco, Houssine El Amrani
Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)
Upon independence from the French protectorate, Morocco inherited a complex educational structure with over thirty different teaching grades for primary and secondary education. To streamline this system, the administration introduced a new statute in February 1967, merging all teaching staff into seven functional grades, with inspector ranks aligned to senior administrators. In higher education, however, there was a legal void, with only the grade of tenured professors existing. Consequently, the legislator quickly established a dedicated statute for higher education teachers starting in 1959, following the decree creating the University of Rabat. These reforms marked crucial steps toward modernizing Morocco's educational …
Ministerial Cabinets,
2026
UH2C Press
Ministerial Cabinets, Chaabi El Madkouri
Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)
Ministerial cabinets are teams working alongside ministers, characterized by solidarity among members and absolute, unconditional loyalty to the minister. The study of ministerial cabinets is closer to political science than to administrative studies, making them inherently cautious and opaque. Several motivations prompted this research: they are an ancient institution, known in Arab heritage as the "minister's retinue," with significant historical influence; they face widespread criticism often stemming from misunderstanding of their role; and their members remain highly discreet, making it difficult for external observers to understand their functions and responsibilities. This modest scientific attempt aims to clarify the nature, roles, …
The Manifestations Of Administrative Reform In The Public Service Sector In Morocco,
2026
Head of Department, Higher Education Administration
The Manifestations Of Administrative Reform In The Public Service Sector In Morocco, Abdelilah Fountir
Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)
More than thirty years after the enactment of Morocco's first general statute for public service (February 24, 1958), it has become essential to open public debate on this vital sector. Since independence, the public service has experienced overlapping complexities across legislative, human, and structural levels. The university's decision to address this issue reflects growing awareness of its national importance. Reforming the public service is central to broader administrative reform and the modernization of the state apparatus. Key challenges include the relationship between civil servants and the state, their legal status, societal discourse, and their role in decision-making and implementation processes.
Introductory Report,
2026
FSJES Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca
Introductory Report, Abdelkbir Fikri
Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)
The literature on civil servants is rich with vivid expressions highlighting the unique nature of public service. Civil servants embody the state's memory, guarantee its authority, and serve the public interest while ensuring continuity in public services. Their legal stability rests on the General Statute of Public Service of February 24, 1958, a text frequently amended since. While their status endures, their condition evolves with administrative reforms and social change. Administrative organizations must adapt to new management techniques, inevitably affecting civil servants' behaviors and attitudes. However, diagnosing Morocco's public service after thirty years remains challenging. This introductory report does not …
Modern Economic Analysis And Antitrust Law: A Guide,
2026
Georgetown University Law Center
Modern Economic Analysis And Antitrust Law: A Guide, Steven C. Salop
Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works
This book presents a modern economics approach to antitrust law. It expands upon and supplements traditional legal analysis of antitrust law and policy. It does so by analyzing antitrust legal standards and case law through the lenses of industrial organization economics and decision theory. The work is intended to be a comprehensive introductory guide for students, practitioners, and anyone else interested in learning the core of modern antitrust economics. Understanding the economics of antitrust and decision theory and applying that reasoning to specific cases and issues are critical steps for successfully studying and practicing antitrust law and policy. It treats …
Businesses And Organizations: A Space For The Exercise Of Disciplinary Authority In Individual Employment Relationships,
2026
Faculty of Legal, Economic and Social Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca
Businesses And Organizations: A Space For The Exercise Of Disciplinary Authority In Individual Employment Relationships, Nora Zeroual
Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)
An employer’s authority to discipline its employees is one of the powers available to it within the framework of individual employment relationships, and it raises many questions, foremost among which is: What is the scope or sphere within which this authority is exercised? In fact, upon reviewing the Labor Code, we find that it uses the terms "enterprise" and "institution" in this context—a terminological duality that led us to ask: What is the significance of this? This is a question we have sought to address from legal, legislative, and judicial perspectives—whenever the opportunity arose—by examining the concepts of both "enterprise" …
Provisions Governing The Sale Of Options Under Islamic Jurisprudence And Moroccan Contract And Obligations Law,
2026
Faculty of Legal, Economic and Social Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca
Provisions Governing The Sale Of Options Under Islamic Jurisprudence And Moroccan Contract And Obligations Law, Amina Sami
Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)
There is no doubt that the sales contract is the most important contract entered into by an individual to meet his or her consumer needs; however, the certainty that a given sales contract will achieve this purpose remains a matter of doubt for both parties. Therefore, the option has served as a means for both the seller and the buyer to withdraw from the contract whenever they deem it unfeasible to proceed with it. Furthermore, the purpose of the sale may not be achieved either due to a defect in the item sold, the absence of a characteristic deemed important …
An Analysis Of The Geographic Mobility Clause In Employment Contracts,
2026
Faculty of Legal, Economic and Social Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca
An Analysis Of The Geographic Mobility Clause In Employment Contracts, Sanae Tourabi
Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)
The condition of geographical mobility is one of the conditions that entitles the employer to change the employee’s place of work in order to meet the needs of the business and respond to the demands of economic developments. Despite the importance of this clause, Moroccan lawmakers have not regulated it through specific legal provisions. This gap has been addressed by legal scholarship and the judiciary through a series of rulings issued by both the courts of first instance and the Court of Cassation, which have established a set of guidelines aimed at striking a balance between the employer’s economic interests …
The Board Of Directors In A Joint-Stock Company: Evolution Of Structure And Operating Mechanisms,
2026
Faculty of Legal, Economic and Social Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca
The Board Of Directors In A Joint-Stock Company: Evolution Of Structure And Operating Mechanisms, Hamid Rouani
Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)
The board of directors has been the focus of considerable attention since the early days of the joint-stock company, as evidenced by the major turning points it has undergone and the significant changes it has experienced. This body has undergone—and continues to undergo—very important developments that have primarily concerned its structure and operating mechanisms. This article seeks to highlight the most important of these developments, through which contemporary legislation has sought to enhance the performance and effectiveness of this driving force—the beating heart of the joint-stock company—as it is the appropriate and suitable legal mechanism for large-scale projects and a …
An Analysis Of The Law On The Prohibition Of Fraud In Goods,
2026
Faculty of Legal, Economic and Social Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca
An Analysis Of The Law On The Prohibition Of Fraud In Goods, Samira Krourou
Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)
One of the most important aspects of consumer protection is the fight against fraud in goods—a form of protection enshrined in the Abrahamic religions long before the enactment of positive laws or the emergence of consumer advocacy movements that spread from the United States to Europe and the rest of the world. While fraud in general is indicative of a malicious tendency to infringe upon rights, spread corruption, and undermine interests, fraud involving goods and food is an even more heinous and dangerous crime because it affects the health and lives of both humans and animals. Therefore, it was necessary …
Provisions On The Obligation Of Conformity In A Sales Contract: General Rules Vs. Specific Legislation,
2026
Faculty of Legal, Economic and Social Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca
Provisions On The Obligation Of Conformity In A Sales Contract: General Rules Vs. Specific Legislation, Sabah Benkaddour
Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)
Moroccan legislation has been influenced by the concept of quality since the country’s accession to the World Trade Organization, through the reinforcement of the obligation of conformity between the seller and the buyer, in order to ensure that products comply with recognized safety and health standards. Moroccan law has addressed this obligation in its general provisions (the Dahir on Obligations and Contracts) and in specific laws, such as the Consumer Protection Law, which allows the buyer to seek compensation when the seller breaches the obligation of conformity and the warranty of quality.
An Introduction To Proactive Principles Related To Environmental Protection And Sustainable Development,
2026
Faculty of Legal, Economic and Social Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca
An Introduction To Proactive Principles Related To Environmental Protection And Sustainable Development, Asmaa Alami, Hasnaa Alami
Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)
The Moroccan legislature has established a very robust legal framework for environmental protection. It has also made sustainable development a strategic priority aimed at strengthening measures to mitigate and adapt to climate change and combat desertification, as well as enacting institutional, economic, financial, and cultural reforms in the field of environmental governance. Moroccan lawmakers have enacted a set of proactive principles that serve as a framework to be followed when the state, local authorities, public institutions, state-owned enterprises, and other stakeholders in the fields of the environment and sustainable development formulate and implement policies, strategies, programs, and action plans. These …
The Influence Of The Principles Of Management Science On The Drafting Of Business Law,
2026
Faculty of Legal, Economic and Social Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca
The Influence Of The Principles Of Management Science On The Drafting Of Business Law, Yassine Ait Ahmed
Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)
This article examines the influence of management science on the formulation of business law, by highlighting the interactive relationship between the evolution of management theories and the transformations in the legal regulation of business and economic activities. It demonstrates that the transition from the traditional concept of management to modern management science—based on planning, decision-making, control, and performance analysis—has given rise to new regulatory needs that have necessitated the development of legal rules consistent with the requirements of economic efficiency and corporate governance. The article also explains that globalization and economic and technological changes have contributed to the reshaping of …
What Impact Do Informal Actors Have On Tax Decision-Making?,
2026
Faculty of Legal, Economic and Social Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca
What Impact Do Informal Actors Have On Tax Decision-Making?, Najat Elammari, Hicham Bendarkaoui
Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)
This article examines the influence of informal actors on tax decision-making in Morocco, highlighting that this process is not limited to official institutions but is also shaped by the involvement of national and international actors who play influential roles in guiding tax policy. The article demonstrates that international financial institutions, foremost among them the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, have played a prominent role in guiding tax reforms—particularly within the framework of structural adjustment programs—by linking financial support to the implementation of reforms aimed at improving the efficiency of the tax system. It also highlights the role of …
Editorial : Contemporary Transformations Of Law: Special Issue In Honour Of Professor Abdellatif Komat,
2026
Faculty of Legal, Economic and Social Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca
Editorial : Contemporary Transformations Of Law: Special Issue In Honour Of Professor Abdellatif Komat, Sabah Benkaddour
Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)
No abstract provided.
Presentation Note Of The Manual "Elements Of Mathematics And Statistics For Economists",
2026
FSJESAC Hassan II University of Casablanca
Presentation Note Of The Manual "Elements Of Mathematics And Statistics For Economists", Fouzi Mourji
Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)
This paper presents a two-volume textbook on mathematics and statistics for economics students. The authors, Fouzi Mourji and Najib Mikou, emphasize that the introduction of quantitative methods in economics is a recent but irreversible phenomenon, noting that major theoretical advances in economics have often followed mathematical breakthroughs. The manual is designed to complement lectures and tutorials, helping students master basic concepts in economics curricula and understand their practical applications for economic decision-making. The presentation highlights the importance of mathematical tools for understanding economic mechanisms and rationalizing decision-making processes, while acknowledging the manual's imperfections.
