Penn State Law
Islamic Research Institute, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Komisi Pemilihan Umum Republik Indonesia
University of Michigan Law School
Knowledge Ecology International
Maurice A. Deane School of Law at Hofstra University
Texas A&M University School of Law
The Future Of The International Financial System: The Emerging Cbdc Network And Its Impact On Regulation,
2024
Singapore Management University
The Future Of The International Financial System: The Emerging Cbdc Network And Its Impact On Regulation, Heng Wang, Simin Gao
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
Central bank digital currency (CBDC) is a digital form of fiat currency. CBDC has the potential to be a game challenger in the international financial system, bringing increased complexities arising from technology and regulatory considerations, as well as generating greater currency competition. As more states begin exploring CBDC, the interactions between actors may lead to the emergence of a new CBDC network. What shape would the emerging CBDC network take? What would its network effects be? What would be the impact of the CBDC network on the international financial system, or the global financial network? This article explores these questions …
Corporations As International Economic Law Actors,
2024
Osgoode Hall Law School of York University
Corporations As International Economic Law Actors, Barnali Choudhury
All Papers
Actors in international law are presumed to be states. Yet in the international economic law arena, the corporation is one of the most prominent non-state actors. Indeed, in some instances, the corporation may even be more influential than the state in some arenas of international economic law. This short piece examines three instances of this influence. First, it looks at the role of corporations in law-making; second, it examines corporations’ role in monitoring and compliance; and, third, it explores corporations’ legal personality in international economic law. Finding corporations’ immense influence on law-making and monitoring and compliance, combined with a robust …
The Black Sea Grain Initiative: Russia’S Strategic Blunder Or Diplomatic Coup?,
2023
U.S. Naval War College
The Black Sea Grain Initiative: Russia’S Strategic Blunder Or Diplomatic Coup?, Raul (Pete) Pedrozo
International Law Studies
On July 22, 2022, Ukraine, the Russian Federation, Türkiye, and the United Nations signed a groundbreaking agreement to allow for the safe transport of grain, related foodstuffs, and fertilizer from three Ukrainian ports to global markets. Concurrently, a second (lesser known) agreement was concluded between the United Nations and Russia that would allow the unimpeded export of Russian food and fertilizer (including raw materials to produce fertilizers) to world markets. These agreements were hailed as a critical solution for the impending global food crisis and the safety and security of neutral shipping in the Black Sea resulting from the Russia-Ukraine …
Cuban Protests In 2021: An Opportunity To Implement Alternatives To Sanctions,
2023
University of Miami School of Law
Cuban Protests In 2021: An Opportunity To Implement Alternatives To Sanctions, Barbara Jimenez
University of Miami Inter-American Law Review
The relationship between the United States and Cuba can be described as anything but simple. In fact, it is the intricacy of the relationship that inspired this Note. A key point in the complex relationship between the United States and Cuba was the United States’ decision to impose the embargo in 1962. Since 1962, Cuba’s relationship with the United States, and its allies, changed entirely. While the embargo poses an economic sanction, the United States, throughout the years, has placed sanctions on Cuban officials as a result of human rights violations in Cuba. Broadly, sanctions target the officials and freeze …
The Sustainability Of The International Contract Between The Notions Of: “Pacta Sunt Servanda” And “Things Thus Standing”: Reflections On The Interpretative Power Of The Arbitrator,
2023
King Faisal University
The Sustainability Of The International Contract Between The Notions Of: “Pacta Sunt Servanda” And “Things Thus Standing”: Reflections On The Interpretative Power Of The Arbitrator, Imed Bejeoui
مجلة جامعة الإمارات للبحوث القانونية UAEU LAW JOURNAL
The incidence of disruptive circumstances of the balance initially projected by the parties to an international contract may put an end to it or render it an excessively onerous load for one of the contracting parties. In that context, the role of the arbitrator is vital. The mission of the arbitrator is particularly problematic in the situation that the parties had not formally predicted for the changes probable to affect the performance of the contract in their agreement. The arbitrator will be asked to decide on the destiny of the contract confronted by execution difficulties. Supposedly, two alternatives are presented. …
Managing Multiplicity: Consolidating Parallel Arbitration Proceedings For Renewal Energy Disputes,
2023
Pepperdine University
Managing Multiplicity: Consolidating Parallel Arbitration Proceedings For Renewal Energy Disputes, Francesca Pinto
Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal
The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Arbitration Rules, considered the most widely used set of ad hoc rules in international arbitration, do not contain any provisions on consolidating parallel proceedings. Considering the complex, multiparty, and multiple-contract nature of renewable energy investment and development, the UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules should implement consolidation provisions that explicitly address consolidation for related arbitration proceedings and—in some circumstances—enforce consolidation regardless of whether all parties consent. Part II of this article provides an overview of transactions related to the investment, development, and operation of renewable energy projects. Part III identifies the risks of parallel …
Trade-Based Solutions For Revitalizing Post-Conflict Economies,
2023
Morris, Manning, & Martin
Trade-Based Solutions For Revitalizing Post-Conflict Economies, Ryan R. Migeed
Michigan Journal of International Law
International trade improves efficiency in home markets, creates new sources of demand for domestic industries, and boosts worker productivity. However, some types of trade are better than others for reviving the economies of countries emerging from internal or international armed conflicts. This note evaluates existing trade mechanisms that ostensibly help developing countries but fail to actually do so. It ultimately recommends the use of investor-state partnerships over trade-based mechanisms as the appropriate tool for improving the economies of post-conflict states. Part I evaluates a number of these existing trade mechanisms, including preferential trade agreements and the General System of Preferences. …
The Hidden Costs Behind Cheap Clothing: Addressing Fast Fashion’S Environmental And Humanitarian Impact,
2023
Vanderbilt School of Law
The Hidden Costs Behind Cheap Clothing: Addressing Fast Fashion’S Environmental And Humanitarian Impact, Alexandra L. Bernard
Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment & Technology Law
The increasing speed at which social media trends come and go has caused fashion trends to accelerate in response to consumers’ ever-changing demands. To keep up with the latest fads, fast fashion companies design their clothing only to withstand a couple of uses before the item is no longer in good condition. The manufacture and discard of cheaply made clothing creates a variety of environmental issues. Brands conceal the treatment and compensation of their workers throughout the supply chain; the available information suggests that garment workers are mistreated. Finally, the disposal of these clothing items creates tension between the United …
The Artistry Of Mediation: A Look At Mediation’S Effectiveness For Resolving Cross-Cultural Disputes Through The Leonardo Da Vinci Conflict Between France’S Louvre Museum And Italy’S Uffizi Gallery,
2023
Pepperdine University
The Artistry Of Mediation: A Look At Mediation’S Effectiveness For Resolving Cross-Cultural Disputes Through The Leonardo Da Vinci Conflict Between France’S Louvre Museum And Italy’S Uffizi Gallery, Sophia D. Casetta
Pepperdine Journal of Communication Research
Art is powerful, as it symbolizes the history and identity of the country that claims it. However, through timely transitions, such as trade and wars, the ownership of meaningful artworks blurs, with museums fighting to claim their heritage to put on honorable display for their people. Mediation can be a peaceful means to resolve art ownership disputes, as it accounts for respecting the individual cultures of the countries represented in the dispute. Using the key medication traits described within this essay, a prepared mediator involved in such a cross-cultural conflict should be able to help resolve the issue at hand. …
The House Doesn't Always Win,
2023
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
The House Doesn't Always Win, Jennifer Owen
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
In June 2015, fourteen South Korean casino executives were arrested on charges of soliciting Chinese players to gamble in their casinos. This single event foreshadowed a seismic change in the Australian casino market that few would have anticipated. The events which unfolded led to the two largest casino operators in Australia being found unsuitable to operate their casinos, and unable to hold their licenses. Collectively, these two casino groups reported revenues of $5.0bn in 2019, accounting for 92% of the total Australian casino market.
Both are now operating under various forms of special supervision until it can be demonstrated that …
The “Deliberate Indifference” Standard Of Mental Health Care: How It Fails Unaccompanied Minors Seeking Asylum,
2023
Penn State Law
The “Deliberate Indifference” Standard Of Mental Health Care: How It Fails Unaccompanied Minors Seeking Asylum, Karina Virk
Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs
No abstract provided.
Must China Pay? How Claims Against China For Covid-19 Reveal Flaws In The International Legal System That Make Accountability Impractical,
2023
Penn State Law
Must China Pay? How Claims Against China For Covid-19 Reveal Flaws In The International Legal System That Make Accountability Impractical, Talia Danielle Sturkie
Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs
No abstract provided.
Semi-Presidentialism: A Pathway To Democratic Backslide,
2023
Penn State Law
Semi-Presidentialism: A Pathway To Democratic Backslide, Connor Mcafee
Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs
No abstract provided.
A Path For Cooperation Between Law Schools In China And The United States,
2023
Penn State Law
A Path For Cooperation Between Law Schools In China And The United States, Bryant Walker Smith, Ying Wang, Leighton Carlock, Karman Lucero
Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs
No abstract provided.
Enforcing Arbitral Awards Against States And The Defense Of Sovereign Immunity From Execution: A U.S. Perspective,
2023
Penn State Law
Enforcing Arbitral Awards Against States And The Defense Of Sovereign Immunity From Execution: A U.S. Perspective, Ylli Dautaj
Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs
No abstract provided.
The Jus Ad Bellum In Cyberspace: A New Framework,
2023
Penn State Law
The Jus Ad Bellum In Cyberspace: A New Framework, M. Walker Brunner
Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs
No abstract provided.
Taking Exception To Criminal Justice Reforms That Fail To Transform: Using Transitional Justice To End The Carceral State,
2023
Penn State Law
Taking Exception To Criminal Justice Reforms That Fail To Transform: Using Transitional Justice To End The Carceral State, Angela A. Allen-Bell
Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs
No abstract provided.
Foreword,
2023
Penn State Law
Table Of Contents,
2023
Penn State Law
Table Of Contents
Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs
No abstract provided.
Dedication,
2023
Penn State Law
