Privacy Nicks: How The Law Normalizes Surveillance,
2024
Boston University School of Law
Privacy Nicks: How The Law Normalizes Surveillance, Woodrow Hartzog, Evan Selinger, Johanna Gunawan
Faculty Scholarship
Privacy law is failing to protect individuals from being watched and exposed, despite stronger surveillance and data protection rules. The problem is that our rules look to social norms to set thresholds for privacy violations, but people can get used to being observed. In this article, we argue that by ignoring de minimis privacy encroachments, the law is complicit in normalizing surveillance. Privacy law helps acclimate people to being watched by ignoring smaller, more frequent, and more mundane privacy diminutions. We call these reductions “privacy nicks,” like the proverbial “thousand cuts” that lead to death.
Privacy nicks come from the …
Ctr. For Biological Diversity V. United States Fish & Wildlife Serv.,
2023
University of Montana
Ctr. For Biological Diversity V. United States Fish & Wildlife Serv., Ali Stapleton
Public Land & Resources Law Review
The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed the District Court of Arizona’s decision to deny a proposed mining plan becuase the operations exceeded the boundaries of a valid mining claim. The issue the court addressed is whether a permanent occupancy of waste rock and tailings on land, absent the discovery of valuable minerals, is a reasonable use related to mining activities. The Ninth Circuit decision effectively prevented mining companies from amending the 1872 Mining Law on the administrative record. Motions for a rehearing and a rehearing en banc were denied.
Waking Sleeping Beauty? Exploring The Challenges Of Cyber-Deterrence By Punishment,
2023
Catholic University of Lyon
Waking Sleeping Beauty? Exploring The Challenges Of Cyber-Deterrence By Punishment, Thibault Moulin
Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review
No abstract provided.
Hacking Or Hatching The Skinny Label: How The Federal Circuit’S Decision In Gsk V. Teva Threatens Generics And Induced Infringement,
2023
Texas A&M University School of Law (Student)
Hacking Or Hatching The Skinny Label: How The Federal Circuit’S Decision In Gsk V. Teva Threatens Generics And Induced Infringement, Kayla Mccallum
Texas A&M Journal of Property Law
This Note focuses on the recent precedential decision handed down by the Federal Circuit in GlaxoSmithKline LLC v. Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc., which impacts “one of the greatest public health inventions of the 21st century”: generic drugs. An invention that rose to prominence when former President Ronald Reagan signed into law the Hatch-Waxman Act (“the Act”), formally known as the Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984. The Act aimed to increase competition between brand-name and generic manufacturers while balancing two seemingly opposing interests: (1) encourage and reward innovation by pioneer drug companies and (2) increase access …
The Power Of Local: Nearby Innovators Dominate Patented Technology Development,
2023
Northwestern Pritzker School of Law
The Power Of Local: Nearby Innovators Dominate Patented Technology Development, Richard Gruner
Northwestern Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property
Advances by nearby innovators – close enough to interact in person – play key roles in patented technology development. Patents frequently cite nearby innovations, identifying these local innovations as the background for further patented inventions. Such citations reveal narrow geographic areas with intensely active innovation communities advancing similar projects and technologies. Local innovators – working within a commutable distance of 40 miles or less of each other – accounted for 25 percent of all patent citations between 2010 and 2019 and about 21 percent of citations by disinterested patent examiners reviewing patent applications. These percentages of citations to local advances …
Privacy And Property: Constitutional Concerns Of Dna Dragnet Testing,
2023
Bridgewater College
Privacy And Property: Constitutional Concerns Of Dna Dragnet Testing, E. Wyatt Jones
Honors Projects
DNA dragnets have attracted both public and scholarly criticisms that have yet to be resolved by the Courts. This review will introduce a modern understanding of DNA analysis, a complete introduction to past and present Fourth and Fourteenth Amendment jurisprudence, and existing suggestions concerning similar issues in legal scholarship. Considering these contexts, this review concludes that a focus on privacy and property at once, with a particular sensitivity to the inseverable relationship between the two interests, is Constitutionally consistent with precedent and the most workable means of answering the question at hand.
Jurisgenerative Tissues: Sociotechnical Imaginaries And The Legal Secretions Of 3d Bioprinting,
2023
Osgoode Hall Law School of York University
Jurisgenerative Tissues: Sociotechnical Imaginaries And The Legal Secretions Of 3d Bioprinting, Roxanne Mykitiuk, Joshua Shaw
Articles & Book Chapters
Three-dimensional ‘bioprinting’ is under development, which may produce living human organs and tissues to be surgically implanted in patients. Like tissue engineering and regenerative medicine generally, the process of bioprinting potentially disrupts experience of the human body by redefining understandings of, and becoming actualised in new practices and regimes in relation to, the body. The authors consider how these novel sociotechnical imaginaries may emerge, having regard to law’s contribution to, as well as its possible transformation by, the process of 3D bioprinting. The authors draw on Gilbert Simondon and corporeal, material feminists to account for these disruptions as ‘ontogenetic,’ in …
Exams In The Time Of Chatgpt,
2023
Washington and Lee University School of Law
Exams In The Time Of Chatgpt, Margaret Ryznar
Washington and Lee Law Review Online
Invaluable guidance has emerged regarding online teaching in recent years, but less so concerning online and take-home final exams. This article offers various methods to administer such exams while maintaining their integrity—after asking artificial intelligence writing tool ChatGPT for its views on the matter. The sophisticated response of the chatbot, which students can use in their written work, only raises the stakes of figuring out how to administer exams fairly.
Was The Colonial Cyberattack The First Act Of Cyberwar Against The U.S.? Finding The Threshold Of War For Ransomware Attacks,
2023
St. John's University School of Law
Was The Colonial Cyberattack The First Act Of Cyberwar Against The U.S.? Finding The Threshold Of War For Ransomware Attacks, Liam P. Bradley
St. John's Law Review
(Excerpt)
On May 7, 2021, “DarkSide,” a foreign hacker group, conducted a ransomware attack against the Colonial Pipeline (“Colonial”). That morning, Colonial discovered a “ransom note demanding cryptocurrency.” The attack forced the shutdown of the Colonial Pipeline, stopping the daily delivery of 2.5 million barrels (MMBbls) of “gasoline, jet fuel and diesel” to the East Coast. The shutdown created fuel shortages, impacted financial markets, and panicked the public. The resulting fuel shortages and economic impacts “triggered a comprehensive federal response” on May 11, 2021. On May 12, CEO Joseph Blount paid a ransom of nearly $5 million in bitcoin to …
Federal Protection Of Illegal Short-Term Rentals: How The Protecting Local Authority And Neighborhoods Act Will Hold Airbnb Liable, Enforcing Local Regulations,
2023
The Catholic University of America, Columbus School of Law
Federal Protection Of Illegal Short-Term Rentals: How The Protecting Local Authority And Neighborhoods Act Will Hold Airbnb Liable, Enforcing Local Regulations, Nicole Schaeffer
Catholic University Law Review
Section 230 has come under scrutiny from academics and politicians, leading to calls on lawmakers to limit, or even end, Section 230’s immunity for Internet corporations; however, less attention has been given to the effects of Section 230 on the legal landscape in local, off-line communities. Online providers of short-term rental (STR) services such as Airbnb have used Section 230’s protection to shift the burden of complying with local laws and lease agreements onto the users listing STRs. By wielding Section 230 as both a sword and shield in litigation over their listings that violate local laws and lease agreements, …
The Constitution Commandeth: Thou Shalt Not Protect The Same Subject Matter Under Design Patent And Trade Dress Laws,
2023
Maurer School of Law: Indiana University
The Constitution Commandeth: Thou Shalt Not Protect The Same Subject Matter Under Design Patent And Trade Dress Laws, Kenneth B. Germain, Louis H. Sitler
IP Theory
For many years and still currently, it has been assumed—and even expressly asserted—that it is perfectly permissible to “stack” various legal theories (concurrently or consecutively) to protect nonfunctional “designs” for products. This is despite infrequent but cogent arguments that the available theories, notably design patents and product design trade dress—both of which are based upon federal statutes—are not Constitutionally compatible due to at least the concept of Superfluity. The authors of this article carefully examine the origin, nature, and meaning of these two types of IP protections in the context of their two Constitutional bases—the Patent/Copyright Clause and the Commerce …
Freedom Of Algorithmic Expression,
2023
University of Cincinnati College of Law
Freedom Of Algorithmic Expression, Inyoung Cheong
University of Cincinnati Law Review
Can content moderation on social media be considered a form of speech? If so, would government regulation of content moderation violate the First Amendment? These are the main arguments of social media companies after Florida and Texas legislators attempted to restrict social media platforms’ authority to de-platform objectionable content.
This article examines whether social media companies’ arguments have valid legal grounds. To this end, the article proposes three elements to determine that algorithms classify as “speech:” (1) the algorithms are designed to communicate messages; (2) the relevant messages reflect cognitive or emotive ideas beyond mere operational matters; and (3) they …
The Return Of Public Goods: Introduction To A Symposium,
2023
University of St. Thomas School of Law, Minnesota
The Return Of Public Goods: Introduction To A Symposium, Dr. Charles J. Reid, Jr.
University of St. Thomas Journal of Law and Public Policy
No abstract provided.
The Role Of Ethical Principles In Ai Startups,
2023
Boston University School of Law
The Role Of Ethical Principles In Ai Startups, James Bessen, Stephen Michael Impink, Robert Seamans
Faculty Scholarship
Do high-tech startups benefit from developing more ethical AI? AI startups implement policies and take actions to manage ethical issues associated with data collection, storage, and usage and adapt to the norms of their industry. This paper describes these startups' ethics-related actions, including ethical AI policy adoption, and examines how these actions relate to startup performance. We find that merely adopting an ethical AI policy (i.e., a less costly signal) does not relate to increased performance. However, there is evidence that investors reward startups that take more costly preventative pro-ethics actions, like seeking expert guidance, training employees about unconscious bias, …
A Hot Spit-Take: Why The Supreme Court Will Hold That There Is No Privacy Interest In Commercial Dna Data,
2023
Maurer School of Law: Indiana University
A Hot Spit-Take: Why The Supreme Court Will Hold That There Is No Privacy Interest In Commercial Dna Data, Mounir Jamal
IP Theory
No abstract provided.
Indian Pharmaceutical Patenting Under Section 3(D): A Model For Developing Countries,
2023
Maurer School of Law: Indiana University
Indian Pharmaceutical Patenting Under Section 3(D): A Model For Developing Countries, Nicholas Eitsert
IP Theory
No abstract provided.
Law Library Blog (March 2023): Legal Beagle's Blog Archive,
2023
Roger Williams University
Law Library Blog (March 2023): Legal Beagle's Blog Archive, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Law Library Newsletters/Blog
No abstract provided.
Cftc & Sec: The Wild West Of Cryptocurrency Regulation,
2023
University of Richmond School of Law
Cftc & Sec: The Wild West Of Cryptocurrency Regulation, Taylor Anne Moffett
University of Richmond Law Review
Over the past few years, a turf war has been brewing between the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) and the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) over which agency should regulate cryptocurrencies. Both agencies have pursued numerous enforcement actions over the cryptocurrencies they believe to be within their jurisdiction. This turf war has many moving components, but the focus always comes back to one question: which cryptocurrencies are commodities, and which cryptocurrencies are securities? The distinction is important because the CFTC has statutory authority to regulate commodities, whereas the SEC has statutory authority to regulate securities. This Comment rejects the pursuit …
Standing Up To Hackers: Article Iii Standing For Victims Of Data Breaches,
2023
Coffey Burlington, PL.
Standing Up To Hackers: Article Iii Standing For Victims Of Data Breaches, Kendall Coffey
University of Miami Law Review
Despite the increasing amount of data breaches, there is no liability for parties who do not adequately protect victim’s information. In federal court, plaintiffs must show that their injury was concrete, particularized, and imminent. But, when plaintiffs’ information has been stolen, but not yet criminally used, they may be unable to establish a right to relief. Victims face challenges when seeking damage for this future harm, because despite their destroyed privacy, they may not have evidence of a perpetrator’s actual misuse of purloined data. This Article analyzes multiple court decisions, generally in the setting of class-actions, and discusses outcomes of …
The Microsoft Litigation’S Lessons For United States V. Google,
2023
Penn State Law
The Microsoft Litigation’S Lessons For United States V. Google, John E. Lopatka, William H. Page
University of Miami Law Review
The United States Department of Justice (“DOJ”) and three overlapping groups of states have filed federal antitrust cases alleging Google has monopolized internet search, search advertising, internet advertising technologies, and app distribution on Android phones. In this Article, we focus on the DOJ’s claims that Google has used contracts with tech firms that distribute Google’s search services in order to exclude rival search providers and thus to monopolize the markets for search and search advertising—the two sides of Google’s search platform. The primary mechanisms of exclusion, according to the DOJ, are the many contracts Google has used to secure its …
