Property Law and Real Estate Commons^™

Balancing The Carrot And The Stick: Achieving Social Goals Through Real Property Tax Programs, Ryan F. Bender

Northwestern Journal of Law & Social Policy

The sharp and growing wealth divide in the United States has elicited significant media and public attention over the past decade, with loud calls for achieving social goals through tax system change. While wealth preservation loopholes in the Internal Revenue Code can contribute to wealth inequalities, tax policies that incentivize socially responsible, tax efficient investment offer an attractive tool for estate planning professionals while also promoting social impact programs. Additionally, while direct government investments into low-income community development, land preservation, and food security are important drivers of change, tax policies that push private capital into these causes are equally important ...

The Broad Form Deed Amendment: Does It Still Have A Purpose? An Analysis Of The Broad Form Deed Amendment In Light Of Ward V. Harding, Robert H. Eardley

Journal of Natural Resources & Environmental Law

No abstract provided.

When Daylight Reveals Neighborhood Nightmares: The Duty Of Builders And Developers To Disclose Off-Site Environmental Conditions, Serena M. Williams

Journal of Natural Resources & Environmental Law

No abstract provided.

Definition Of Tenancy Contract In Islamic Fiqh And Arabic Man-Made Legislation-د. محمد علي عبد الرحمن وفا

Journal Sharia and Law

The chosen definition for tenancy contract i n Islamic Fiqh is: "to pass a certain benefit into one's possession in ret urn for a certain con­sideration". We say 'to pass a benefit into one's possession" to show that tenancy is to pass benefits into one's possession, unlike selling which is to pass. Subject of selling in to the purchaser's possession. We also say: "a certain benefit” to show that the benefit, contracted upon in the tenancy contract must be provided with certain conditions. It should be legal, aimed at, well-k now n, easy to hand ...

Direct Lawsuit Against The Subtenant - الدعوى المباشرة للمؤجر الأصلي ضد المستأجر من الباطن, Dr. Mohammed Bendari

Journal Sharia and Law

Direct lawsuit filed from the Landlord (Original renter) against the subtenant contains a departure from the general rules of civil law on both the principle of equality before the law of ordinary creditors about their general liability and the principle of the ratio of contract consequences. This departure is justified on the basis of justice since direct lawsuit is an easy way for the renter to get the rent dues.

Scholars had various disputes and point of views on the nature of this lawsuit due to their desire to relate it to one of the known legal systems under civil ...

Covid-19 Impacts: How A Global Pandemic Amid The Sunsets Of The Ptc And Itc Made The U.S. Wind And Solar Industries More Resilient, Kimberly E. Diamond

Fordham Environmental Law Review

A cataclysmic event is sometimes the necessary catalyst for companies within certain industries to re- examine, radically shift, and replace their standard practices with technologically-advanced alternatives. In the United States, the occurrence of the Coronavirus pandemic (“COVID-19”) during the sunsets of the Production Tax Credit (“PTC”) and the Investment Tax Credit (“ITC”) created a unique confluence of factors that produced a perfect storm tantamount to such a cataclysmic event for companies in the wind and solar industries, particularly developers. Over the years, the domestic utility-scale wind industry has come to rely heavily upon the PTC, while the domestic utility- scale ...

Illegal Discharge: Exploring The History Of The Criminal Enforcement Of The U.S. Clean Water Act, Dr. Joshua Ozymy, Dr. Melisssa L. Jarrell

Fordham Environmental Law Review

The criminal prosecution of defendants that violate federal clean water laws has been ongoing for roughly four decades. Yet, we continue to have a poor understanding of how federal prosecutors use the U.S. Clean Water Act (“CWA”) to charge and prosecute criminals and the outcomes of those prosecutions. We use content analysis to analyze 2,588 federal criminal prosecution case summaries, 1983-2019, to gain a better historical understanding of how the CWA has been used as a prosecutorial tool, to bring out the major themes in the prosecutions, and quantify sentencing outcomes. Findings from the 828 CWA prosecutions undertaken ...

Red Tide: A Blooming Concern For Florida Manatees, Shannon Price Esq.

Fordham Environmental Law Review

Although red tides are a common and natural occurrence around the coast of Florida, within the last few decades they have intensified and become much more deadly. Several identifiable human-caused factors exacerbate the size, concentration, and duration of the harmful algae bloom and disturb the environment’s natural balance. The Florida Gulf Coast provides all the algae’s necessary requirements for survival, the perfect storm to create a resilient super bloom that annihilates its host ecosystem.

This article explains the plight of Florida manatees who, like other marine animals and plants, are being injured or killed by this algae crisis ...

"Eco" Your Own Way: An Argument For State-Specific Climate Change Legislation, Amanda Voeller

Fordham Environmental Law Review

The consequences of climate change seriously and immediately threaten the American way of life, but proposed federal legislation like the Green New Deal is overly broad, unrealistic, and inefficient. The most effective way for the United States to combat climate change is not with a one-size-fits-all plan like the Green New Deal, but with federal legislation that incentivizes states and cities to enact and enforce individualized, local climate legislation. Different states and cities have different climates, available energy sources, and transportation needs, so the federal government should use financial incentives to encourage states and cities to pass tailor-made bills and ...

The Use Of Regular Militaries For Natural Disasters After A Major Event Where The Military Was Seen As A Failure - The Somalia Effect In The Age Of Black Lives Matters And Covid-19, Donald D.A. Schaefer

Fordham Environmental Law Review

This is written as a continuation of Dr. Schaefer’s recent article entitled, “The Use of the Regular Militaries for Natural Disaster Assistance: Climate Change and the Increasing Need for Changes to the Laws in the United States, China, Japan, the Philippines, and Other Countries.” 2 Perhaps few other areas have affected so many people than the Covid-19 pandemic. Coupled with this has been the struggle over the use of force by the military and police in the age of “black lives matters” and the movements that have been transpired as a result. With the increased global warming likely to ...

Rights Of Surface Owners On Federally Patented Lands, Hector Lareau

Journal of Natural Resources & Environmental Law

No abstract provided.

Givens V. Mountain Valley Pipeline, Llc And The Unresolved Circuit Split, Karen Alday

Texas A&M Journal of Property Law

The natural gas industry is central to the United States economy. However, due to vague regulations and judicial leniency, natural gas pipeline companies have almost zero restraint in exercising eminent domain. Their current operations mirror that of the federal government’s authority to exercise immediate possession. Recently, landowners have contested the pipeline industry’s authority to exercise eminent domain, which has developed into a circuit split. The Fourth Circuit, and the six other circuits that have followed suit, hold that pipeline companies have the substantive right to immediate entry and are entitled to a preliminary injunction before a trial on ...

Houston, We Have A Gentrification Problem: The Gentrification Effects Of Local Environmental Improvement Plans In The City Of Houston, Madeline Marguerite Byers

Texas A&M Journal of Property Law

Local environmental improvement plans are increasingly popular among urban planners. As climate change and environmental justice concerns increase, many communities demand a change in local land use policies that put these concerns at the forefront. One such community is the city of Houston, Texas, which issued several environmental improvement plans in recent years after the devastation of Hurricane Harvey. As used in this Comment, an environmental improvement plan is a local government planning initiative that aims to implement positive environmental change in urban areas historically burdened by environmental hazards. Such neighborhoods are often undeveloped, low-socioeconomic communities blighted by an accumulation ...

Finders Keepers: Who Has Say Over Private Property In Space, Jose A. Martin Del Campo

Texas A&M Journal of Property Law

Current space law is unclear as to whether private entities may claim possession of resources extracted from their endeavors in outer space. The lack of certainty prevents private entities from entirely investing in infrastructure and capabilities to access new deposits of resources due to the depletion of minerals and resources on Earth. The establishment of a new space regime devoid of non-appropriation principles found in international law is necessary to motivate private entities to invest the capital in extracting and transporting space resources back to Earth. This Comment seeks to understand how the current framework of space law impacts the ...

Let Them Learn: Recognizing And Codifying A Design-Build Self-Critical Analysis Privilege In Texas, Christian Martinez

Texas A&M Journal of Property Law

Organizations often conduct probing self-studies to review internally existing policies, procedures, and business methods. Yet, despite an increasing social need for these studies, the Texas legislature has yet to construct a privilege designed to protect an organization from being harmed from these studies by adverse litigants. The self-critical analysis privilege, or SCAP, is an alluring, common law doctrine that protects the free flow of information sharing through an organization’s self-assessment. This Comment proposes a model statute for the codification of the SCAP for the consideration of the Texas legislature. This model statute is not a general codification of the ...

A Song Of Ice And Fire: Offshore Methane Hydrates And The Regulatory Laws That Govern The 'Methane Dragon', John Thomas

Texas A&M Journal of Property Law

Offshore methane hydrates have recently made headlines as various countries began experimenting with methods of exploration and extraction of the resource. The value and abundance of this resource presents many exciting opportunities as researchers and developers begin to contemplate the possibility of commercial development of methane hydrate reserves. This Comment seeks to explore the legal regulations in place and assess whether the current legal regime, both in the United States and internationally, would be able to efficiently regulate methane hydrates and their unique composition due to difficulties stemming from exploration and extraction. In particular, this Comment will look at how ...

More Money, More Problems: Ncaa Modernization And Student Athletes' Right To Compensation, Sydney Wood

Texas A&M Journal of Property Law

In 2019, California passed a law that would allow collegiate athletes in California to receive compensation for their name, image, and likeness. Currently, the National Collegiate Athletic Association distinguishes between amateur and professional athletes and does not allow student athletes to receive compensation beyond scholarships. This Comment analyzes noteworthy case law and summarizes the arguments of current and former student athletes over the years. The new California legislation opened the door for substantial change and challenged the NCAA to finally modernize their bylaws and regulations. Furthermore, this Comment recommends that the NCAA adapt the definitions contained in their bylaws to ...

Property Of Real Estate Compulsory Selling As Per Omani Civil & Commercial Law Of Procedure, Ali Hadi Alobeidi

Journal Sharia and Law

The compulsory selling of property of real estate is carried out by the juridical courts of law when the creditor is holding an executive deed asking for confiscation of the property of debtor on public auction for the purpose of returning his right on the value of the property. This issue is featured with two characteristics providing it with special significance: the first is its varied provisions and rules(subjective and procedural), and the second is linking of the selling procedure and its complexity due to the social and economic significance of the property. In the addition to the privacy ...

Regulations For The Termination Of The Real Estate Contract Sell On The Blueprint Unilaterally In Accordance With The Law Regulating The Initial Real Estate Registry In The Emirate Of Dubai, Ali Hadi Elobaidi

Journal Sharia and Law

The contract for the sale of real estate on the map shall mean the contract whereby real estate units classified on the map or in the process of being constructed or not completed shall be sold. This contract is a necessary contract and, according to general rules, it is assumed that neither party can terminate it voluntarily without consent or litigation. However, Article (11) of the law regulating the initial land registry in the Emirate of Dubai granted the real estate developer the right to terminate the sales contract concluded with the buyer without consent or litigation when the buyer ...

"Taking" A Walk On A Winter's Night, James E. Brookshire

Journal of Natural Resources & Environmental Law

No abstract provided.