Ph.D Student, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Maurer School of Law - Indiana University
U.S. Naval War College
U.S. Naval War College
University at Buffalo School of Law
University of Denver
Bittersweet: A Potential Avenue To International Tort Liability For American Companies In The Cocoa Supply Chain,
2022
University of Cincinnati College of Law
Bittersweet: A Potential Avenue To International Tort Liability For American Companies In The Cocoa Supply Chain, Sara Leonhartsberger
University of Cincinnati Law Review
No abstract provided.
Is "Guatemalan Women" A Viable Particular Social Group For Asylum Petitions? Circuit Split Between The United States Courts Of Appeal For The Ninth And Third Circuits,
2022
American University, Washington College of Law
Is "Guatemalan Women" A Viable Particular Social Group For Asylum Petitions? Circuit Split Between The United States Courts Of Appeal For The Ninth And Third Circuits, Jazmin Moya
Refugee Law & Migration Studies Brief
No abstract provided.
The Distinction Between Refugee Populations In Lebanon: A Look Into Lebanon's Treatment Of Palestinian Refugees Since 1948 Versus Its Treatment Of Syrian Refugees Since 2011,
2022
American University, Washington College of Law
The Distinction Between Refugee Populations In Lebanon: A Look Into Lebanon's Treatment Of Palestinian Refugees Since 1948 Versus Its Treatment Of Syrian Refugees Since 2011, Mia Bodell
Refugee Law & Migration Studies Brief
No abstract provided.
The European Union Agency For Asylum: A Promising Improvement Or Vestige Of The European Asylum Support Office?,
2022
American University Washington College of Law
The European Union Agency For Asylum: A Promising Improvement Or Vestige Of The European Asylum Support Office?, Alexandra Tarzikhan
Refugee Law & Migration Studies Brief
No abstract provided.
Local Human Rights Governance To Advance Migrants' Rights,
2022
American University Washington College of Law
Local Human Rights Governance To Advance Migrants' Rights, Camilo Mantilla
Refugee Law & Migration Studies Brief
No abstract provided.
Letter From The Editor,
2022
American University, Washington College of Law
Letter From The Editor, Isabella Zink
Refugee Law & Migration Studies Brief
No abstract provided.
Comments On The International Criminal Court Office Of The Prosecutor's Draft Policy On The Crime Of Gender Persecution Under The Rome Statute,
2022
Cleveland State University College of Law
Comments On The International Criminal Court Office Of The Prosecutor's Draft Policy On The Crime Of Gender Persecution Under The Rome Statute, Milena Sterio
Law Faculty Reports and Comments
The Draft Policy promises to be a seminal contribution not only to the Office of the Prosecutor's (OTP) policy and practice and the International Criminal Court's (ICC) jurisprudence on gender persecution, but also to the development of international criminal law generally. Building on its prior work, including the 2014 Policy Paper, the OTP is well placed to develop policies and procedures that protect historically marginalized and oppressed groups, deliver justice that accurately reflects the depth and breadth of the gender persecution suffered, and shed light on a crime that has to date received only limited attention.
As it finalizes the …
Brief Of Human Rights And Labor Rights Organizations And Experts As Amici Curiae In Support Of Petitioners,
2022
American University Washington College of Law
Brief Of Human Rights And Labor Rights Organizations And Experts As Amici Curiae In Support Of Petitioners, Janie A. Chuang
Amicus Briefs
Since Congress first enacted the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, it has expanded and strengthened it through successive reauthorizations. Congress has broadened the scope of the TVPRA in order to impose criminal and civil liability on individuals, corporations, and other legal persons who use, or knowingly benefit from ventures that use, forced labor, as well as those who aid and abet these practices. Through this legislation, Congress has bolstered efforts to hold traffickers accountable, opening the courthouse doors to victims of these egregious crimes.
The Ninth Circuit's decision below undermined the very statutory scheme Congress put in place to …
Speculations On Criminal Justice Mechanisms To Address The North Korean Regime's Human Rights Violations: Icc, Ad Hoc Tribunals, Or Something Else?,
2022
Ohio Northern University
Speculations On Criminal Justice Mechanisms To Address The North Korean Regime's Human Rights Violations: Icc, Ad Hoc Tribunals, Or Something Else?, Yun Ju Kang
Ohio Northern University Law Review
No abstract provided.
Manual On International Humanitarian Law For The Armed Forces Of The Russian Federation (2002),
2022
U.S. Naval War College
Manual On International Humanitarian Law For The Armed Forces Of The Russian Federation (2002)
International Law Studies
A translation of the Manual on International Humanitarian Law for the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, 2002, by Aleksei Romanovski. This translation was originally published as Appendix 1 in Evan J. Wallach, The Law of War in the 21st Century (2017).
Human Rights Of Conscientious Objectors Vis-À-Vis Armed Non-State Actors And De Facto Authorities,
2022
U.S. Naval War College
Human Rights Of Conscientious Objectors Vis-À-Vis Armed Non-State Actors And De Facto Authorities, Michael Wiener, Andrew Clapham
International Law Studies
This article aims at elucidating the human rights of conscientious objectors to military service and offers detailed substantive guidance for protecting their rights vis-à-vis armed non-State actors and de facto authorities. Persons who live in territory controlled by armed groups or de facto authorities often face human rights protection gaps, for example their freedom of conscientious objection may not be recognized or fully implemented. This article analyzes the practice by international human rights mechanisms in their engagement with de facto authorities in Afghanistan (Taliban), Cyprus (northern part), the Republic of Moldova (Transnistrian region), and Azerbaijan (Nagorno-Karabakh region), along with the …
Some Reflections On The Threshold For International Armed Conflict And On The Application Of The Law Of Armed Conflict In Any Armed Conflict,
2022
U.S. Naval War College
Some Reflections On The Threshold For International Armed Conflict And On The Application Of The Law Of Armed Conflict In Any Armed Conflict, T.D. Gill
International Law Studies
This essay discusses the threshold of application of international humanitarian law (IHL) in both international (IAC) and non-international armed conflicts (NIAC). In relation to IAC it questions whether the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) “first shot” approach is the most appropriate, since it opens the way for the intensification of conflicts beyond what is necessary in relation to relatively minor armed incidents and argues that the humanitarian protection clauses of IHL should be separated from the rules governing hostilities and makes a case for the application of ad bellum considerations of necessity and proportionality to act as a …
Racecraft And Identity In The Emergence Of Islam As A Race,
2022
University of Cincinnati College of Law
Racecraft And Identity In The Emergence Of Islam As A Race, Cyra Akila Choudhury
University of Cincinnati Law Review
Can a religion, over time and through its social and legal resignification, come to be a race? Drawing on Critical Race Theory (“CRT”), Critical Discourse Theory, the work of Karen E. and Barbara J. Fields and Cedric Robinson, this article argues that Islam has emerged as a race and Muslims as a racial group. To support the claim, Part I examines the theoretical basis for the argument. Applying the concept of “racecraft,” the article theorizes that racism produces both the racial group and race. As many have already argued, race is not based in biology; it is not a fact …
The Legal Requirement For Command And The Future Of Autonomous Military Platforms,
2022
U.S. Naval War College
The Legal Requirement For Command And The Future Of Autonomous Military Platforms, Rain Liivoja, Eve Massingham, Simon Mckenzie
International Law Studies
Technologically advanced armed forces extensively use platforms that can be controlled remotely and do not require an on-board crew. Increasingly, these systems have the capacity to function with some degree of autonomy. The use of autonomous functionality is not specifically prohibited or regulated by the law of armed conflict but the use of autonomous functions in military systems remains governed by the general principles and rules of international law.
One existing international law concept may constrain the use of autonomous capabilities in military vessels and aircraft. This is the notion that military units must be “under the command” of an …
Armed Groups’ Compliance With International Law: A Study In The Rules Of International Humanitarian Law And The Need To Improve Them- (Part I),
2022
Consultant/Advisor, Academic Affairs -General Directorate, Educational & Vocational Institutions Review - Bahrain
Armed Groups’ Compliance With International Law: A Study In The Rules Of International Humanitarian Law And The Need To Improve Them- (Part I), Salwa Elekyabi Dr.
مجلة جامعة الإمارات للبحوث القانونية UAEU LAW JOURNAL
(Part I)
While current core rules governing armed conflicts has remained almost the same since the adoption of the 1949 Geneva Conventions and its two additional protocols of 1977, the nature of non-international armed conflicts has gone under a tremendous development. This poses a question on whether there is a need to develop the rules of International Humanitarian Law (IHL) applicable to Armed Groups in times of non-international armed conflicts to cope with the changes in the armed conflicts layout. Accordingly, this article is addressing this question and examining ways to improve armed groups’ compliance with the provisions of IHL. …
Free Yezidi Foundation Public Memo – Lafarge Case,
2022
Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law
Free Yezidi Foundation Public Memo – Lafarge Case, Jocelyn Getgen Kestenbaum, Patricia Viseur Sellers
Online Publications
This memorandum supports the Free Yezidi Foundation’s (FYF) filing in the Lafarge Case concerning allegations of complicity in crimes against humanity, including genocide. The Lafarge Corporation continuously operated its factory and, moreover, financially contributed to the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (IS, ISIS, Daesh) between 2013 and 2014, inclusive of the period between 3 August 2014 and 19 September 2014. During those weeks, and represented in a timeline annexed to this memorandum, international and French media, international organizations, and governments extensively reported on and condemned IS acts committed against the Yezidi population that could constitute crimes against humanity under …
International Child Law And The Settlement Of Ukraine-Russia And Other Conflicts,
2022
U.S. Naval War College
International Child Law And The Settlement Of Ukraine-Russia And Other Conflicts, Diane Marie Amann
International Law Studies
The Ukraine-Russia conflict has wreaked disproportionate harms upon children. Hundreds reportedly were killed or wounded within the opening months of the conflict, thousands lost loved ones, and millions left their homes, their schools, and their communities. Yet public discussions of how to settle the conflict contain very little at all about children. This article seeks to change that dynamic. It builds on a relatively recent trend, one that situates human rights within the structure of peace negotiations, to push for particularized treatment of children’s experiences, needs, rights, and capacities in eventual negotiations. The article draws upon twenty-first century projects that …
Minds Circumscribed By Fear. A Review Of Garrisoned Minds: Women And Armed Conflicts In South Asia, Edited By Lazmi Murthy And Mitu Varma,
2022
Rashtriya Raksha University, Gujarat, India
Minds Circumscribed By Fear. A Review Of Garrisoned Minds: Women And Armed Conflicts In South Asia, Edited By Lazmi Murthy And Mitu Varma, Kushal Srivastava
Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence
No abstract provided.
Neutral State Access To Ukraine’S Food Exports,
2022
U.S. Naval War College
Neutral State Access To Ukraine’S Food Exports, James Kraska
International Law Studies
This article originally appeared in Articles of War, the online publication of the Lieber Institute at the U.S. Military Academy, May 18, 2022, https://lieber.westpoint.edu/neutral-state-access-ukraines-food-exports/.
Maritime Exclusion Zones In Armed Conflicts,
2022
U.S. Naval War College
Maritime Exclusion Zones In Armed Conflicts, Raul (Pete) Pedrozo
International Law Studies
This article originally appeared in Articles of War, the online publication of the Lieber Institute at the U.S. Military Academy, Apr. 12, 2022, https://lieber.westpoint.edu/maritime-exclusion-zones-armed-conflicts/.
