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流放、邊界、他者 : 方孝標《東征雜詠》探析, Lawrence Yim

嶺南學報 Lingnan Journal of Chinese Studies

清初流放東北的事件，規模之大、牽涉之廣史無前例，涉及歷史、政治、文化、文學種種方面。不少流人在戍所仍寫作不輟，他們的詩文作品大有研究的價值。本文探論方孝標 (1618—1696) 在赴寧古塔途中所作之組詩《東征雜詠》，其内容、情感、語言異常引人入勝。本文著眼於下列問題：流人難以言喻的精神、心理狀況是如何經由文本的文學、美學機制而得以反映、再現的? 流放世界的間隙性“閾限”(liminality) 與流放文字本身的“閾限”是怎樣的一種依存關係？我們又可以怎樣從歷史、哲學、文學的角度去理解、描述這種“居間性”(inbetweenness)? 這些提問有助我們理解“流人作爲詩人”或“詩人變作流人”的方孝標的形象與聲音。我們也將看到，流人在異域的山川風物中，在文化與語言的差異中，在精神與肉體的卑辱經驗中，以及在迷惘困惑的自我主體性中，必然會遇上一個“他者”(other)。

Exile to Manchuria in the early Qing ( 1644 - 1912) is a peculiar historical, political, and cultural phenomenon whose scale and scope is unprecedented in pre-modern Chinese history. Among the exiles were some very accomplished writers who continued to write in the places of banishment, and their treatment of the trope of exile and exilic experiences in poems and prose writings is worthy of serious study. This paper is a study of the exilic writings of the especially important yet understudied poet Fang Xiaobiao (1618 — 1696), who in the wake of the …

女夷救忠臣 : 《血影石》中的性别、疆界與華夷辯證, Chiung-Yun E. Liu

嶺南學報 Lingnan Journal of Chinese Studies

清初蘇州派劇作家朱佐朝《血影石》傳奇，敘寫八百媳婦國跨海向中國興兵,拯救明初“靖難”忠臣之家。本文由此出發，考察晚明清初文學敘寫華夷互動，當中内/外、自我/他者之間的關係如何安排，史地知識之實與建構想像之虚，彼此如何交錯轉换。本文首先將《血影石》與晚明小説《英烈傳》及《西洋記》對照分析，以見晚明清初小説戲曲中，華夷關係想像内涵的異同變化。其次聚焦《血影石》，分析劇作家如何在性别、華夷、政治錯综的場域中，調度轉化陰/陽、中原/異域、野蠻/文明符號，使原處從屬地位的“女”、“夷”得到角色動能，成爲救援行動的關鍵力量，並自海洋邊緣，以八百媳婦國爲中心，重構出另一套世界地理秩序，與中華視野下的華夷觀相抗衡。

In the seventeenth-century chuanqi play Xieying shi 血影石 (The Rock with Shadows of Blood), the tributary state of the Ming Empire, Babai xifu guo 八百媳婦國 (Lanna Kingdom, primarily in modem Northern Thailand) leads a joint fleet of the states in the southern and western oceans to “correct” the moral failings of the Ming Empire in China. After the civil war, the victorious Yongle Emperor usurps the throne from his young nephew, the Jianwen Emperor, executes the latter’s loyal ministers and persecutes their families. This play raises the questions as to what defines Yi (the foreign barbarian) as opposed to …

“龍城飛將”與古詩中地名, Ming Yang

嶺南學報 Lingnan Journal of Chinese Studies

唐代詩人王昌齡名作《出塞》中“龍城飛將”之語，應理解爲横行萬里、轉戰絶域的大將，不應理解爲專指漢代的“飛將軍”李廣。“飛將”“龍城”都是泛指。將原本專指邊塞某地的名稱虚泛化，作爲一種詞藻使用，是南朝以來詩文創作裏的常見現象。不僅涉及邊塞的作品，一般詩作中也可以見到類似情況，詩人們以泛用地名的手段，表達感受，營造氣氛，而不顧地名的實際所指。

The words of “flying General of dragon city” (龍城飛將) in the famous work Going out of the frontier (《出塞》) by Wang Changling of the Tang Dynasty should be understood as a general who traveled thousands of miles and turned to fight in a remote area, not to refer to Li Guang, the “flying general” (飛將軍) of the Han Dynasty. Both of “Flying general” (飛將軍) and“dragon city” (龍城) are general terms. It has been a common phenomenon in poetry since the Southern Dynasties that the name originally specifically refers to a certain place in the frontier fortress is used as …

《讀書聲》與清初社群的界限, Ariel Fox

嶺南學報 Lingnan Journal of Chinese Studies

本文透過傳奇《讀書聲》中出現的奇異生物，探索了帝國晚期的中國對於非人他者的想像。全劇行至中段，元初書生宋儒發現自己被抛棄在一座遥遠的荒島上。在那裏，他被一隻人熊救起並與之結爲伴侣，這是一隻勇猛卻又充滿善意的類熊生物。儘管兩者的結合時日不長，但是藉由婚姻，邊緣化角色被置於中心位置（既是故事的、又是帝國的中心），這樣的情節在全劇爲數不多，因而具有重要意義：此外，待到結局之時，書生與船夫之女和蒙古官員之女雙雙成婚。然而，當這樣的雙重婚姻爲有效跨越文人與商人、漢人與蠻夷之間的差異提供了可能，人熊的悲劇命運卻又消弭了任何跨越人獸界綫的機會。換言之，随著商人和蒙古人成爲新的社會群體的一部分，人熊卻標誌着一條必需的界限。劇中，正是這條界限使得社會與民族的他者擺脱了低賤與野蠻的標籤。與此同時，新社群對於人熊的排斥也並非無憂；通過顛覆傳奇普遍對完整性的强調，《讀書聲》戲劇性地展示了清初秩序重建所必經的分裂與排斥。

This article explores the late imperial imagination of the nonhuman other by way of a curious creature that appears in the southern drama Dushu sheng. Midway through the play, set in the early years of the Yuan dynasty, the young literatus protagonist is abandoned on a remote island, where he is rescued by a renxiong, a fierce yet empathetic bear-like creature that takes him as its mate. Though short-lived, their union is one of several in the play in which marginal characters are brought into the (narrative and imperial) center through marriage: by the end of the …

Chinese Gardens: Solutions For Urban Nature Deficit, Zachary K. Warner

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Research shows that time spent in nature is good for human health and well-being. However, as the world’s population becomes more concentrated in urban areas regular time in nature, especially extended time, is becoming more difficult to have. On the other hand, Chinese gardens can provide one solution to this problem because they have a unique way of providing a naturalistic space within a small area. Despite this fact, there aren’t many Chinese style gardens outside of China. Therefore, the objective of this thesis was to identify possible barriers to using Chinese garden design principles and construction techniques, then address …

"A Close Affinity With The Concept Of The Dao": Toward Walter Benjamin's Idea Of Revolution, Fenves Peter

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

This paper takes its point of departure from an enigmatic concept Benjamin briefly discusses in one of the fragments he wrote in the early 1920s in conjunction with his search for an appropriate topic for a qualifying dissertation — the concept of action — or agent-determinative knowing, which, he suggests, may be comparable to the concept of the Dao." After analyzing the fragment in question, the paper seeks to demonstrate that in the early 1930s Benjamin develops this Dao-like concept under the rubric of two terms drawn from the vocabulary of ancient Greek thought: "mimesis" is the name under which …

A Study Of The Phenomenon Of The Quasi-Peach Blossom Spring And The Poetry In The Late-Qing Dynasty, Qihua Sun, Shijin Luo

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The image of "The Peach Blossom Spring" created by Tao Yuanming (365?-427) became a motif since the Liang dynasty in Chinese ancient literature. The reception of the Peach Blossom Spring had shown two dimensions of the nothingness and the concreteness during the Tang and Song dynasties. However, toward the late Qing dynasty, the gradual appearance of quasi-Peach Blossom Springs and the poeticization of them, perhaps due to the social turmoil, especially brought by the Taiping Civil War. The understanding of the unrealistic vision of the Peach Blossom Spring and the wish for it during the turmoil constructed the mindset of …

The History, Region And Cultural Community Around The Paintings Of Ten-Thousand-Mile Yangtze River During The Song, Yuan And Ming Dynasties, Jin Yue

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

During the Song, Yuan, and Ming dynasties, there emerged in large numbers of paintings under the title of Ten-Thousand-Mile Yangtze River. On the one hand, these paintings with inscribed poems and essays by elite literati collectively shaped the image of the Yangtze River, and established a cultural community with regional and historical identity centering on the Yangtze River. This greatly strengthened the sense of national identity and its presence. On the other hand, these paintings were collected into classified books as encyclopedic references during the late Ming dynasty, and became cultural products for mass consumption. Through copying, reproduction and dissemination …

Letters On Literature And The Internalized Drive For Literary Debates In The Ming Dynasty, Hua Ye, Huan Du

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

As one of the traditional forms of literary criticism since the Han and Wei dynasties, letters on literature played an important role in the establishment of Chinese literary criticism framework. Based on the writers' identities and attitudes, these letters can be grouped into "the presenting type", "the replying type" and "the dialogue type". The theoretical nature of the epistolary style and the contextual constraints resulted from its reciprocal relationship, promoted in-depth scholarly dialogue and avoided the possibility of forcible reinterpretation of the text by later generations. Primary contents in the literary correspondences shifted from summaries of writing experience, reviews of …

On Jean-Luc Nancy's Reinterpretation Of The Sublime, Qi Wang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Different from Jean-François Lyotard and Jacques Derrida, Jean-Luc Nancy's reinterpretation of the concept of the sublime highlights its functions of combatting metaphysical totality, defending difference and witnessing the un-presentable. What Nancy does is not only to rethink the "presentation" and "limit" of the sublime, but also to reflect on the end of art, the relationship between imagination and the sublime, the sublime offering and so on. Nancy divides Immanuel Kant's aesthetic schema into two paradigms — "aesthetics sublates philosophy" and "philosophy sublates aesthetics" — and believes that neither accurately demonstrates the essential state of being in the postmodern condition. Nancy …

On The "Portrait Paintings" In The Late-Ming Fictions And Xiqu, Yaping Cai, Guofu Cheng

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Portrait paintings were prominent in ancient Chinese fictions and xiqu (traditional Chinese opera), and the close relationships between them have not been duly explored. In late Ming-Dynasty fictions and xiqu, portrait paintings have been used in eighteen fictions and xiqu to construct the plots. These paintings usually gave a frontal image of the characters, with occasional glamorization for a unified representation of both the appearance and the spirit to achieve the integration of the character with the scenery. Three developments in the late-Ming Dynasty may explain why portrait paintings were prominent in the fictions and xiqu: the revival of figure …

Shame, Queer Theory, And The Affective Turn: A Study Centering On The Scholarship In The United States, Ling Yang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Starting with Eve Sedgwick's shame theory, this paper examines queer theory scholars' explorations into shame in the United States and their continuing dialogue on the political potential of this particular form of affect. The paper argues that the theorization of shame has left a distinct mark on affect theory. The notion of shame has provided impetus for reflecting on queer politics, ethics, historiography and aesthetics, and its intersections with categories such as gender, sexuality, disability and race also offer new points of depature for social and political analyses.

Synopsis Of The 9th Youth Forum Of Chinese Association For Theory Of Literature And Art, Xin Lu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

No abstract provided.

The Achievements Of And Inspirations From The Psychology Of Tragedy, Ersu Ding

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The Psychology of Tragedy (1933) by Zhu Guangqian is a monumental work in the history of Chinese theories of tragedy. Written from the unique perspective of a Chinese scholar and moving with ease among major Western theories of tragedy, its author had raised therein a good number of great insights that are still valid today. Zhu Guangqian's greatest contribution to the theory of tragedy lies in his modification of Aristotle's theories of "catharsis" and "hamartia", legitimating the plot of innocent suffering and introducing into the mix of tragic feelings such important concepts as love and regret. Probably due to his …

The Complete List Of Theoretical Studies In Literature And Art, Vol. 1-6, 2020, Studies In Literature And Art Theoretical

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

No abstract provided.

The Essence Of Qian Gurong's Aesthetic Personality, Jun Wu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Focusing on the editorial arrangement of Qian Gurong's collection of self-selected works, this article explores Qian's theoretical system of "literature as a study of humanity" and the characteristics of his literary criticism. It also investigates the features of his critical theories and examines, based on the stylistic analyses of his essays, the aesthetic personality of Qian. In terms of intellectual experience and cultural taste, Qian is an academic, who blends the ancient and the modern, the foreign and the domestic in his studies. He emphasizes, in particular, the personalization of classic aesthetics, and views the continuation of traditional culture as …

The Poverty Of Experience And Its Wayout In The Information Age: An Exammination From The Perspective Of Walter Benjamin, Bin Sun, Yanfen Zhang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Experience generates from memory. However, if memory only serves as an accurate recollection of the past, it is destined to be replaced by modern technology, which can provide information instantly. Therefore, memory is presented in the form of story, which makes it possible to pass on experience across generations. But the art of storytelling is reaching its end due to the challenge of information, a new form of communication. The essence of information is instant verifiability. This even cancels the distinction between impression and idea since instant information renders all perceptions forceful and lively impressions. Yet, it is its force …

Reinterpreting The Aesthetics Of "Zerstreuung": From Walter Benjamin To Jonathan Crary, Peng Zhang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Walter Benjamin's and Jonathan Crary's respective understanding of the concept of "Zerstreuung" is in sharp contrast to each other. Benjamin detects not only a connection between "Zerstreuung" and the bourgeoisie in the capitalist entertainment industry, but also an unconscious collusion between "Zerstreuung" and the public in the early film technology. Such collusion has created a state of "Jetztzeit" for the audience by using the technique of montage in film, so that the audience could reconstruct their historical consciousness, which is transformed into a collective experience from that of the individual, thus assigning early cinema with the potential of politicizing aesthetics. …

The Way Of Life, "The Third Sex", And The Method Of Reconstructing "Literary Native Soil": Centering On Yan Lianke's They, The Women, Zhudi Ye, Leiguang Wang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

There are three key points for the understanding Yan Lianke's non-fictive work They, the Women: the way of life, the study of women centering on "the third sex" and the imagination of native-soil China with non-fiction as the method. They respectively correspond to three dimensions of the work: the content, the author's thought, and the creation of literary style. These three dimensions are closely intertwined and focus on one issue: how to understand and imagine contemporary native-soil China. The numerous characters and their stories in They, the Women are woven together by the author's language and thought with strong subjectivity, …

Classic Literary Criticism As The Embryo Of Productional Literary Criticism, Wenfang Yao

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

A significant development of Euro-American literary criticism in the 20th century is its progress regarding the issue of "art production," which, by including into it the practice of literary reading and literary criticism, breaks through the previous theoretical assumption that "art production" is limited to literary creation. Classic critics such as Albert Thibaudet, T.S. Eliot, Ivor Armstrong Richards, and Northrop Frye have, through practical experiences of literary criticism, discovered and confirmed the production of literary criticism. They have not only embarked on verifying such production through scientific experiments, but also conceptualized the ways in which productional criticism can be conducted …