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La Pervivencia Del Euskera, Wiley P. Prior 2026 The University of Mary Washington

La Pervivencia Del Euskera, Wiley P. Prior

Departmental Honors & Graduate Capstone Projects

Este proyecto busca explicar la sobrevivencia de la lengua vasca (euskera), ya que es la única lengua prelatina que todavía existe en la Península Ibérica. Existe la idea de que el euskera ha persistido por tanto tiempo debido a su aislación geográfica y a la resistencia abierta de los vascos; sin embargo, este trabajo propone que el pueblo vasco tiene una historia muy larga de cooperación y convivencia con las culturas que le rodean, además de su capacidad para adaptarse. Esta convivencia está en parte evidenciada por la transferencia léxica que ha ocurrido entre el euskera y las lenguas romances …


Páginas Del Diario Ruso Del Lingüista Bilbaíno Imanol Agiŕe Durante La Segunda Guerra Mundial, Guillermo Aguirre Martínez 2025 Universidad Internacional de Rioja

Páginas Del Diario Ruso Del Lingüista Bilbaíno Imanol Agiŕe Durante La Segunda Guerra Mundial, Guillermo Aguirre Martínez

Homage to Alexander von Humboldt: Travels to and from Spain Throughout the Centuries / Homenaje a Alexander von Humboldt: Viajes hacia y desde España de todos los siglos

En 1941 el lingüista y escritor bilbaíno Imanol Agiŕe (Bilbao, 1913–Madrid, 1983) se integra en la División Azul en calidad de intérprete. En este trabajo se dan a conocer extractos del diario que Agiŕe llevó durante el tiempo que tomó parte activa en la II Guerra Mundial (1941–1942). En el testimonio del autor se recogen escenas significativas abrigadas por descripciones costumbristas, reflexiones sobre la condición humana e incluso, puntualmente, evocaciones literarias –Cervantes, Gógol, Goncharov, Pushkin, Lérmontov o Chéjov–. Como apoyo documental se presentan algunas fotografías archivadas en uno de los álbumes fotográficos de Agiŕe, cuya trayectoria se contextualizará, así como …


Amaia Salazar: Modern Detective, Fairy Tale Heroine, Ancestral Basque Woman, Agnieszka Gutthy 2024 Southeastern Louisiana University

Amaia Salazar: Modern Detective, Fairy Tale Heroine, Ancestral Basque Woman, Agnieszka Gutthy

BOGA: Basque Studies Consortium Journal

Amaia Salazar is the protagonist of Dolores Redondo’s Baztán trilogy: El guardián invisible, 2012 (The Invisible Guardian), Legado en los huesos, 2013 (The Legacy of the Bones), Ofrenda a la tormenta, 2014 (Offering to the Storm. The novels are hybrid texts that weave in the detective story elements of Basque mythology, fairy tale, and the noir. It is in the character of the detective Amaia Salazar that all these elements converge. Dolores Redondo successfully created a character of a female detective who is not only bright, rational professional investigator relying on the most recent advance …


Word Concreteness And Word Originality: A Basque Case Study, Casey Kennington 2024 Boise State University

Word Concreteness And Word Originality: A Basque Case Study, Casey Kennington

BOGA: Basque Studies Consortium Journal

Basque is the oldest known spoken language of Western Europe that is not descended from Indo-European. Despite efforts to stop its use from external influences, the Basque people have shown resiliency throughout their history to keep the language alive. However, as is the case with all other languages, Basque has not been immune to influence from neighboring languages; indeed all Basque speakers are bilingual. The question explored here is whether a word’s concreteness using machine translation from Basque to English and English concreteness scores determines if an original Basque word is spoken today. We find that there is a significant …


The History Of Usac: Innovation And Relationship Building, Carmelo Urza 2024 Boise State University

The History Of Usac: Innovation And Relationship Building, Carmelo Urza

BOGA: Basque Studies Consortium Journal

A personal recollection of USAC, a study abroad organization created so that U.S. students could spend time in the Basque Country learning about its history, culture and language. What circumstances led to its establishment, what issues were encountered and what strategies were implemented to overcome them? The piece describes how the Consortium was organized and financed and how it grew into one of the largest and most prestigious study abroad organizations in the U.S. This is an insiders account of the complexity of creating a study abroad consortium and managing it for its first 35 years.


Basque Identity In The 21st Century: Up Close No One Is Normal, Julieta Gaztañaga 2024 University of Buenos Aires

Basque Identity In The 21st Century: Up Close No One Is Normal, Julieta Gaztañaga

BOGA: Basque Studies Consortium Journal

A dynamic conception of identity is not about asserting traits or searching for primordial essences but about the processes and contexts of its dynamic and living production including its social futures. Looking forward to contributing to Basque Studies this article offers an analysis of the complexities of contemporary reconfigurations of identification processes by focusing on the problem of Basque identity in the 21st century. I propose an approach not linked to the "Homeland/Diaspora" model but rather to a form of multifaceted and trans-local dynamics that arises from interaction with multiple places and contexts of cultural production and collective identification. The …


Managing Monumental Crises: The Bakardade (Solitude) National Basque Monument, Carmelo Urza, William A. Douglass 2023 Boise State University

Managing Monumental Crises: The Bakardade (Solitude) National Basque Monument, Carmelo Urza, William A. Douglass

BOGA: Basque Studies Consortium Journal

This paper provides a brief chronological overview of Basque immigration and participation in the sheep industry of the American West. It describes the process leading to the conception and development of the National Basque Sheepherder Monument in Reno’s Rancho San Rafael Park, including the discussions with regards to whether it should be Traditional/Realistic or Modern/Symbolic in nature. It explains the potential crisis that threatened to sidetrack the Monument, the inaugural ceremony and the symbolism of the statue Bakardade/Solitude by Basque sculptor Nestor Basterretxea and its relationship with the characteristics of the Basque people. Finally, it incorporates the figurative sculpture donated …


We Can Only Say What A Basque Is Not, Blake Allmendinger 2023 University of California, Los Angeles

We Can Only Say What A Basque Is Not, Blake Allmendinger

BOGA: Basque Studies Consortium Journal

What does it mean to be Basque, and why has this question become more complicated in the twenty-first century? An examination of several artists and their work provide possible answers to this question. American avant-garde artist Man Ray produced an experimental silent film in 1926 entitled Emak Bakia. Why he used this Basque phrase—which roughly translates as “Leave me alone”— is a mystery that has never been solved. In 2012, Basque filmmaker Oskar Alegria decided to track down the source of Ray’s inspiration in his documentary, The Search for Emak Bakia, 2012. By a strange twist of circumstance, …


Miren’S Story: The Evacuation Of A Child Refugee From The Basque Country In 1937, Julia Palmer 2023 Hampden-Sydney College

Miren’S Story: The Evacuation Of A Child Refugee From The Basque Country In 1937, Julia Palmer

BOGA: Basque Studies Consortium Journal

Ten-year-old Miren Alonso was one of almost 4,000 Basque children evacuated from the Basque Country in northern Spain to Southampton, England by the Basque Government in May 1937, during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). This article, based on extensive oral testimony, provides a firsthand look at a historical event that remains largely unknown to most people. It is also one of only a few long-term studies of the evacuation from the perspective of an individual. This is a summary of Miren’s experience before, during, and after the evacuation, framed within the social, political, and historical context of the period. Her …


Inter-Subjectivity: How Should A Spanish Oral Historian Analyse The Oral Life Stories Of Eta Activists?, Nicolás Buckley 2023 Universidad Europea de Madrid

Inter-Subjectivity: How Should A Spanish Oral Historian Analyse The Oral Life Stories Of Eta Activists?, Nicolás Buckley

BOGA: Basque Studies Consortium Journal

The Basque pro-independence terrorist group ETA (an acronym for what translates to ‘Freedom for the Basque Country’) announced a definitive ceasefire in 2011. A year later, I began a PhD on how the Basque conflict could be understood from the life stories of ETA activists. After completing my research, I asked myself: What kind of tensions emerged during the interview process with ETA activists who collaborated in my research taking into account my family background and my Spanish identity? Instead of just appearing as a bidirectional relation between the narrator and the interviewer, inter-subjectivity reveals more powerful mechanisms as it …


Comparing The Scottish National Party (Snp) And The Basque Nationalist Party (Eaj-Pnv)’S Social Policies Towards Refugees And Asylum Seekers, Emily Woodruff 2022 SIT Study Abroad

Comparing The Scottish National Party (Snp) And The Basque Nationalist Party (Eaj-Pnv)’S Social Policies Towards Refugees And Asylum Seekers, Emily Woodruff

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

In 2022, countries and territories across Europe experienced a sharp increase in the number of people seeking asylum, mainly due to the war in Ukraine. Over 3,5000 Ukrainians have sought refuge in the Basque Autonomous Community (BAC) and as of July 2022, over 7,000 Ukrainians have sought refuge in Scotland (“3.587 refugiados de Ucrania”, 2022 and The Scottish Government, 2022). This increase is on top of the over 250,000 foreigners living in the BAC and the thousands of refugees already resettled throughout Scotland (Ikuspegi, Observatorio Vasco de Inmigración, 2022 and “Refugee resettlement”, 2022). Given the large number of refugees and …


The Distinctively Basque Stone Shelters Of California’S White Mountains, Michael R. Wing, Elizabeth H. Wing, Amin M. Al-Jamal 2022 Archie Williams High School

The Distinctively Basque Stone Shelters Of California’S White Mountains, Michael R. Wing, Elizabeth H. Wing, Amin M. Al-Jamal

BOGA: Basque Studies Consortium Journal

Basque and French shepherds in California’s White Mountains built dry stone shelters that persist today. Despite French names carved on logs associated with a few of these structures, the typical pattern for these shelters is Basque: they closely resemble the cabañas pastoriles (shepherd’s huts) of Bizkaia. A square floor plan with walls about one meter high enclose a single chamber. The stone work is carefully laid to make one wall face. A narrow doorway, often in a corner, faces downhill in any direction except west and can be flanked by low stone “spurs”. A fireplace is usually built into the …


Places Beyond Memory: The Affective Landscapes Of Bernardo Atxaga's Días De Nevada, Mark Pleiss 2022 Simpson College, Indianola Iowa

Places Beyond Memory: The Affective Landscapes Of Bernardo Atxaga's Días De Nevada, Mark Pleiss

BOGA: Basque Studies Consortium Journal

This study highlights a heretofore-unexplored narrative device in Bernardo Atxaga’s fiction by highlighting how the author’s representation of spaces surrounding Reno and the Great Basin in Días de Nevada models what Berberich et al. (2016) call affective landscapes. The approach contributes to, and looks beyond, the traditional focus on memory in criticism of Atxaga, and it illustrates the story’s engagement with the emotional experiences of populations in the North American West that are not explored or rarely treated in the author’s other works. Finally, this paper contributes a new conceptual model to studies like Elena Delgado et al. (2016) that …


Luisa Etxenike's Trilogy On Terrorism, Agnieszka Gutthy 2022 Southeastern Louisiana University

Luisa Etxenike's Trilogy On Terrorism, Agnieszka Gutthy

BOGA: Basque Studies Consortium Journal

This article discusses the themes of the three novels of Luisa Etxenike: El ángulo ciego (Blind Spot, 2009), Absoluta presencia (Absolute Presence, 2018), and Aves del Paraíso (Birds of Paradise, 2019). The novels form a trilogy on ETA terrorism, and each novel is dedicated to a different emotion caused by this violence: fear, guilt, and shame. In her novels Etxenike moves away from the portrayal of terrorists and toward portrayal of the victims. She approaches the theme of ETA violence and of social fragmentation and suffering it has caused emphasizing the culture of blame and fear that this violence instills …


Creative Becomings: The Ongoing Definition And Redefinition Of Basque Identity In Uruguay, Martín Gamboa 2022 Universidad de la Republica, Uruguay

Creative Becomings: The Ongoing Definition And Redefinition Of Basque Identity In Uruguay, Martín Gamboa

BOGA: Basque Studies Consortium Journal

This article describes the presence of cultural traits of Basque tradition in the visual arts and Uruguayan literature of the 20th and early 21st centuries. Likewise, the research deconstructs the concept of “cultural legacy” applied in studies regarding multiculturalism in Uruguay. This approach implied a type of degradation at a cultural level, in which successive generations (first, second, third, and fourth) gradually lost their “original culture”. However, the cultural traits of the Basque ethnic group that appear in the visual arts and literature were shaped by the descendants of the first and second generations. The research demonstrates that certain cultural …


Protest Music And Survival In The Basque Country During The Franco Regime, Michael J. Dodick JR 2022 University of Mississippi

Protest Music And Survival In The Basque Country During The Franco Regime, Michael J. Dodick Jr

Honors Theses

This thesis is an examination of the origins of the Basque Nationalist movement that originated in the late nineteenth century, the Spanish Civil War that followed, and how a dictatorial regime damaged a minority autonomous region, the Basque Country. Within this scope, a singular, unique musical and artistic collective contributed efforts in preserving and growing Basque culture, a culture that had been refined to place focus on nationalistic ideals, unifying traditions, Euskera, and the nation of Euskadi. Ez Dok Amairu, the focus of this thesis, was a short-lived artistic group that concentrated on producing art, literature, and music (among other …


El Ascendiente Latinoamericano En La Literatura Euskaldun: “Realismo Mágico”, “Literatura Mundial” Y La Emergencia Del Campo Literario Vasco, Gustavo Jimenez Vaquero 2022 CUNY Graduate Center

El Ascendiente Latinoamericano En La Literatura Euskaldun: “Realismo Mágico”, “Literatura Mundial” Y La Emergencia Del Campo Literario Vasco, Gustavo Jimenez Vaquero

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

My dissertation, “El ascendiente latinoamericano en la literatura euskaldun: ‘realismo mágico’, ‘literatura mundial’ y la emergencia del campo literario vasco” (“The Latin American Ascendency of Basque Literature: ‘magical realism,’ ‘world literature’ and the emergence of the Basque literary field”), analyzes the influence of Latin American literature in the formation of modern Basque literature vis-a-vis contemporary debates of World Literature. Contradicting the nationalist agenda governing the metanarrative elaborated by Basque literary histories, my work uncovers the Latin American ascendency of modern Basque literature in the canonical works of a group of Basque writers who played a key role in the modernization …


Basque Studies At Boise State University, Ziortza Gandarias Beldarrain, Nere Lete 2022 Boise State University

Basque Studies At Boise State University, Ziortza Gandarias Beldarrain, Nere Lete

World Languages Faculty Publications and Presentations

Boise, the capital of Idaho that we Basques feel so close to and our own despite being far from the Basque Country, is a twinned city with Gernika-Lumo, known to us as the "eighth Basque province". Today, 12-15,000 people of Basque origin live in the state of Idaho. It can be unanimously said that the history of Boise and the history of the Basque diaspora have gone hand in hand since the discovery of gold in the American River in California in 1849. The first Basques arrived in Idaho in 1890, when silver was discovered in De Lamar and Silver …


The Basques Of New Orleans, Koldo San Sebastian 2020 Boise State University

The Basques Of New Orleans, Koldo San Sebastian

BOGA: Basque Studies Consortium Journal

Basques have found their way to many corners of the world, and one of those is the distinctive city of New Orleans in the United States. The relationship of Basques with Louisiana antedates the independence of the United States, and, of course, incorporation of that territory into the American Union. The Basque presence was most evident throughout the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth, when a significant community of Basque mariners resided in New Orleans. This article provides a historical overview of the Basque connection to Louisiana, from the expulsion of the Acadians that sent Basques south, …


Meta-Fiction, Parody, And The [Basque] Apocalypse Revealed To All, Larraitz Ariznabarreta 2020 University of Nevada, Reno

Meta-Fiction, Parody, And The [Basque] Apocalypse Revealed To All, Larraitz Ariznabarreta

BOGA: Basque Studies Consortium Journal

The literary and cultural scholar Joseba Gabilondo has exerted considerable influence on the field of Basque and Iberian Literary Studies. His scholarly work often generating attention for his opinions expressed about canonical Basque Literature and authors. This article returns to his publication of Apokalipsia guztioi erakutsia. Although the book obtained the “Erein Narratiba” award in 2009, the collection gained no scholarly attention and hardly received any critical reviews. But recent changes have occasioned a second look, an in-depth critical reading, that seems timelier than ever. The literary scholar Gabilondo would, of course, agree; since, as he conceded to Gorka Erostarbe …


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