International Law Commons^™

International M&A And Joint Ventures, Renata Antiquera, Jason Saltzman, Sydney Dennis-Birnbaum, Francisco Ugarte, Alejandra Daroch, Luigi Pavanello, Pawel Sikora, Anton Dzhuplin, Kristina Akalovich, Natella Kortiashvili, Albert Garrofé, Idoya Fernández, Lola Tejero, Mark Howard

The Year in Review

No abstract provided.

International Energy, Natural Resources, And Environmental Law, Jonathan Mcgowan, Josè Sampaio, Mariana Ardizzone, Ricardo Alves Silva, Sara Frazão

The Year in Review

No abstract provided.

International Contracts, Deana Davis, Izak Rosenfeld, Alison Strongwater, Martin E. Aquilina, Vicky Li, Willem Den Hertog

The Year in Review

No abstract provided.

South Asia/Oceania & India, Namrata P. Rastogi, Aseem Chawla, Soniya Dodeja, Sanjay Notani, Naghm Ghei, Amit Gupta, Vidhi Goel, Hari Sankar Mahapatra, Katherine Maddox Davis, Alisa Rukbankerd

The Year in Review

No abstract provided.

China, Yanling Zheng

The Year in Review

No abstract provided.

Mexico, Kelsey Quigley, Josè Luis Lizárraga, John Walsh, Danielle Morris, Maria Camila Hoyos, David Ross, Lauren Mandell, Noah Guiney, Carlo Cannizzo, Enrique García, Vanessa Romero

The Year in Review

No abstract provided.

Canada, Jacob Mantle, Danny Yeo, Peter Jarosz, Tayler Farrell, Gannon Beaulne, Megan Steeves, Adam Mauntah, Salma Kebeich

The Year in Review

No abstract provided.

International Legal Developments Year In Review: 2021, Jason S. Palmer, Kimberly Y. W. Holst

The Year in Review

No abstract provided.

Front Matter

The Year in Review

No abstract provided.

Navigating The Eu’S Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive: Strategic Implications For Us Companies, Silvia Ciacchi, Michael Faure, Sharon Oded

Michigan Business & Entrepreneurial Law Review

The European Union’s (“EU”) Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (“CSDDD” or the “Directive”) introduces new human rights and environmental obligations that reshape global corporate governance. This paper explores its impact on US companies, with a particular focus on compliance strategies under both direct and indirect applicability. It contrasts tactical compliance, which emphasizes risk mitigation while meeting minimum legal requirements, against strategic compliance, where companies use sustainability to gain a competitive edge in the market.

This paper highlights how varying enforcement levels across EU Member States may incentivize companies to “forum shop” or choose jurisdictions with more relaxed enforcement. It also …

Decolonial Human Rights Practice: Tactics, Obstacles, And Futures, Sarah Knuckey, Anjli Parrin, Gulika Reddy

Faculty Books

Human rights advocacy takes place within a deeply unequal world. As activists seek to protect rights, they struggle against the global economic and political power imbalances that drive violations. Movements for human rights are engaged in an internal struggle as well: against a human rights ecosystem that has long favored Global North organizations at the expense of civil society in the Global South. Decolonial Human Rights Practice: Tactics, Obstacles, and Futures explores the ongoing struggle of human rights organizations to confront and dismantle the coloniality of human rights advocacy.

Through a granular study of everyday advocacy practice which builds upon …

International Law And Power Politics: On Koskenniemi's Perceptions Of Justice, Monica Hakimi

Faculty Scholarship

Martti Koskenniemi wrote ‘Perceptions of Justice’ against the backdrop of the 2003 Iraq War. The piece draws a stark distinction between American and European conceptions of justice – and approaches to international law. Over twenty years later, his distinction might still (or again) resonate. This retrospective analyses it in light of his other work and more contemporary events, arguing that it is a mix of misguided and confused. The United States and Europe have for decades, if not centuries, been profoundly entwined; each has significantly shaped and been shaped by its relationship with the other. The urgent question now is …

The Normative Status Of States' Obligations To Mitigate The Climate Crisis: Implications For The Right To Adequate Housing, Erna Dyah Kusumawati, Sasmini Sasmini

Padjadjaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law)

The convergence of the global climate crisis, pursuant to the UNFCCC Paris Agreement and its implementing protocols as well as the fundamental right to housing has fundamentally disrupted established legal paradigms, necessitating a rigorous re-examination of the normative status of state obligations. This paper examines the scope of governmental responsibility to mitigate climate-induced threats to housing security. Drawing upon international human rights frameworks and contemporary legal discourse, the study interrogates the complex friction emerging at the intersection of environmental mandates and housing protections. Through a systematic analysis of the existing literature and recent developments in the international climate change framework, …

Territorial Representation In Fiscal Governance: A Comparative Constitutional Analysis Of Indonesia's Regional Representative Council And South Africa's National Council Of Provinces, Endah Yuniningsih, Deden Rafi Syafiq Rabbani

Padjadjaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law)

This article examines the institutional role of territorial chambers in fiscal governance through a comparative constitutional analysis of Indonesia's Regional Representative Council (DPD) and South Africa's National Council of Provinces (NCOP). While the DPD was established to strengthen regional representation following Indonesia's decentralization reforms, its legislative role in fiscal policymaking remains institutionally constrained. Existing scholarship has primarily focused on the DPD's constitutional status in debates on bicameralism, with comparatively little attention to how constitutional design shapes the role of territorial chambers in fiscal governance and intergovernmental fiscal relations. Using a normative legal research method that combines statutory, conceptual, and comparative …

Geoengineering And Criminal Liability Comparative Lessons For Penal Reform, Zico Junius Fernando, Deviana Yuanitasari, Chairul Huda, Muhammad Yamani, Arimbi Fajari Furqon

Padjadjaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law)

Geoengineering has emerged as a controversial climate technology involving large-scale interventions such as cloud seeding, weather modification, and unregulated carbon capture. While these practices are promoted as solutions to climate change, they also generate significant ecological risks that remain largely unaddressed within criminal law frameworks. This article examines the absence of explicit criminal liability for geoengineering-related harms and explores how comparative legal experiences can inform future penal reform. This research uses normative research methods with several approaches, including comparative, conceptual, and futuristic approaches. The collected legal materials are analysed qualitatively, and content analysis is employed to classify and interpret relevant …

The Expansive Power Of The House Of Representatives As A Precondition For Constitutional Rot, Isnawati Isnawati, Adam Setiawan

Padjadjaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law)

This study examines how the expansive powers of the Indonesian House of Representatives have contributed to constitutional rot because those powers no longer operate effectively or proportionately. It identifies dysfunction in the House of Representatives through weak legislative performance, inadequate oversight of the executive branch, and transactional political practices in appointment processes. Using a doctrinal legal method and contemporary constitutional theory as its analytical framework, this study argues that the expansive powers of the House of Representatives constitute a precondition for constitutional rot, evidenced by the poor exercise of legislative authority and institutional intervention through amendments to the Rules of …

Reconstructing Legal Certainty In Legacy Oil Well Management: A Systemic Model For Resource Governance, Azhar Azhar, Bagaskara Sagita Wijaya, Siti Darwinda Mohamed Pero, Cynthia Azhara Putri

Padjadjaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law)

Legacy oil wells present persistent legal and institutional challenges in resource-dependent regions, where ageing infrastructure, informal extraction, environmental risk, and fragmented public authority intersect. This article examines how legal certainty is weakened in the management of legacy oil wells and how it may be reconstructed through a systemic model for resource governance. Using interdisciplinary socio-legal research, the study combines doctrinal legal analysis of Indonesia's oil and gas regulatory framework with qualitative field insights from Musi Banyuasin, a subnational setting in which formally recognised legacy wells coexist with community-operated wells. The analysis shows that legal uncertainty does not arise merely from …

Bank Indonesia's Floating Rate Notes (Bi-Frn) And Federal Reserve Instruments: A Comparative Analysis From An Institutional-Legal Perspective, Abdul Madjid Podungge

Padjadjaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law)

This paper analyses the legal validity of Bank Indonesia's Floating Rate Notes (BI-FRN) following the Law Number 4 of 2023 on the Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector (P2SK Law) from a public law viewpoint. Doctrinal legal research utilises statutory, conceptual, and comparative methodologies, augmented by literature network visualisation, to pinpoint structural deficiencies. The network analysis reveals a significant divide between technical financial transactions and administrative legal oversight. The findings indicate that Article 11 of the P2SK Law enforces a stringent priority clause that centres monetary policy solely on Rupiah stability. This legal barrier prohibits abuse of power by …

Arming The Conflict: United States’ Complicity In Mexico’S War On Drugs, Jesus Oliveros

Pace International Law Review

Mexico’s ongoing human rights crisis during the war on drugs has been driven not only by domestic factors, such as political corruption and organized crime, but also by decades of United States (U.S.) policy and strategy. The U.S. has played a central role in shaping the policy framework governing the drug war, often unilaterally, while overlooking significant drivers of the crisis within its own control. Through sustained support for militarized strategies and permissive domestic firearm regulations, the U.S. has exercised significant influence over the conditions under which violence and human rights abuses have proliferated in Mexico. Against this backdrop, this …

Non-State Actors And The Due Diligence Obligation To Protect Healthcare Facilities In Cyberspace: Is The World Prepared For The Next Pandemic?, Dr. Ardit Memeti

Pace International Law Review

This article presents a novel approach by developing a lex specialis due diligence framework based on the elements identified in the ICJ Advisory Opinion on Climate Change, which by analogy, establishes sector-specific elements to protect healthcare facilities from cyberattacks by Non-State Actors (NSAs). Cyberattacks by NSAs during the COVID-19 pandemic exposed the risks, including the disruption of essential healthcare services and hindrance of positive obligations to ensure the rights to health, life, and privacy, among others. Existing instruments, including the Budapest Convention, the Tallinn Manuals, and the Oxford Statements, offer an important but incomplete framework. Meanwhile, the recent UN Convention …