Balancing Transparency: The Value Of Administrative Law And Mathews-Balancing To Investment Treaty Arbitrations,
2012
Pepperdine University
Balancing Transparency: The Value Of Administrative Law And Mathews-Balancing To Investment Treaty Arbitrations, Cornel Marian
Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal
Greater reliance on arbitration to resolve cross-border disputes raises concern with the adequacy of arbitration procedural rules. In investment arbitration, transparency in the arbitrable proceedings is closely linked to the public need to review state conduct. This article draws on the responsibility of the arbitrator to balance the interests involved in an arbitration. Due consideration is given to the Global Administrative Law Project, which views many challenges affecting arbitration as the first step towards developing a global unifying standard of procedure. American domestic administrative law provides sufficient guidance in determining adequate procedure. The Mathews standard is of great value to …
Negotiating A Deal In Korea: Reflections Of A Battle-Scarred Veteran,
2012
Pepperdine University
Negotiating A Deal In Korea: Reflections Of A Battle-Scarred Veteran, Michael E. Zacharia
Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal
In 1996, for an international widget company focused on selling to the Japanese tourist and looking to expand its business, Korea was the Promised Land. Korea had a widget business well in excess of (U.S.) $500 million, and was the second most popular Japanese tourist destination. No foreign companies were in the market, and my client BWC (a world-renowned widget company), sought to change that. They did, for a while. This paper analyzes select aspects of the twelve months of Round One negotiations that led to the triumphant signing of a Joint Venture Agreement with SY, a leading Korean widget …
An Unnecessary Consternation: An Analysis Of The Future Of Eu Arbitration In The Wake Of The West Tankers Decision,
2012
Pepperdine University
An Unnecessary Consternation: An Analysis Of The Future Of Eu Arbitration In The Wake Of The West Tankers Decision, Mark G. Materna
Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal
This article proposes that, despite the West Tankers decision, parties are still not free to breach the terms of an arbitration agreement. On the contrary, there has been a strong trend by English courts to find ways of preventing parties from breaching such agreements. In short, this article serves to quell the panic and elucidate that the West Tankers decision is not a nail in the coffin, but rather a mechanism to reiterate European courts' dedication to ensuring that arbitration provisions remain a potent force against economic infidelity. Part II of this article will provide a brief background of anti-suit …
"El Agua No Se Vende: Water Is Not For Sale!" The Latin American Water Tribunal As A Model For Advancing Access To Water,
2012
Pepperdine University
"El Agua No Se Vende: Water Is Not For Sale!" The Latin American Water Tribunal As A Model For Advancing Access To Water, Mikita A. Weaver
Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal
At the international level, water is now understood to be a basic human right. However, conflict continues to intensify surrounding indigenous people's access to water as the resource becomes scarcer. In particular, this paper will examine the struggle of indigenous people in Latin America and the creation of the Latin American Water Tribunal (LAWT) as a solution. Section II will describe the LAWT, including the formation of the tribunal, case selection, and the structure of the public hearing. Section III will discuss both how the LAWT overcomes problems with the current legal system and the success of the tribunal as …
Arbitration Hurdles Facing Foreign Investors In Russia: Analysis Of Present Issues And Implications,
2012
Pepperdine University
Arbitration Hurdles Facing Foreign Investors In Russia: Analysis Of Present Issues And Implications, Elliot Glusker
Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal
Russia has come a long way since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, but there are still some structural reforms that need to take place in order to increase investor confidence. In 2007, one hundred billion dollars was invested in Russia from overseas, which represents a record for a developing market economy. However, direct foreign investment in Russia is still low compared to other European nations. Foreign investment is one of Russia's main strategies for improving the long-term health of the economy. There is a lot of promise for future economic growth, but some recent actions by the …
Clouded Diamonds: Without Binding Arbitration And More Sophisticated Dispute Resolution Mechanisms, The Kimberley Process Will Ultimately Fail In Ending Conflicts Fueled By Blood Diamonds ,
2012
Pepperdine University
Clouded Diamonds: Without Binding Arbitration And More Sophisticated Dispute Resolution Mechanisms, The Kimberley Process Will Ultimately Fail In Ending Conflicts Fueled By Blood Diamonds , Shannon K. Murphy
Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal
In 2003, under an initiative of the United Nations (U.N.), various nations of the world gave life to the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme (KPCS)-a method by which consumers of all levels could know the origin of their diamonds-with the Scheme only certifying those harvested from legal, government-run mines. The Scheme's drafters believed that, if given the choice, consumers would choose to buy diamonds mined legally, with profits flowing to legitimate sources of power. However, the KPCS as it stands is voluntary and lacks the teeth needed to deter its violators. The KPCS lacks a binding arbitration agreement and needs a …
Transnational Copyright: Misalignments Between Regulation, Business Models And User Practice,
2012
The Peter A. Allard School of Law
Transnational Copyright: Misalignments Between Regulation, Business Models And User Practice, Leonhard Dobusch, Sigrid Quack
Transnational Business Governance Interactions Working Papers
In this paper we analyse discursive struggles over what is referred to as legal and illegal user practices in the internet as an outcome of regulatory uncertainty. The latter, in turn, is examined in the context of a multi-layered transnational copyright regime characterised by three features: the absence of an universally recognized single authority in charge of law-making, fragmented and partially contradicting forms of regulation of global, national and sectoral scope, and considerable indeterminacy of rule interpretation and application arising from the variety and distinctiveness of local usage contexts. We argue that notions of legality and illegality are used strategically …
Transnational Business Governance And The Management Of Natural Resources,
2012
The Peter A. Allard School of Law
Transnational Business Governance And The Management Of Natural Resources, Virginia Haufler
Transnational Business Governance Interactions Working Papers
In the last two decades, the international community has intervened directly to reduce the conflict and corruption that accompany natural resource development in weakly governed states. These efforts converge on the norm of information disclosure by a number of different transnational business governance initiatives. This article examines how the successive failures of public and private efforts led to patterns of convergence and divergence in the transnational governance of the extractive sector. The timing of the effort, combined with variation in industry structure, differences in the targets of information disclosure, and learning over time influence the outcome in each case. This …
Iso 26000: Bridging The Public/Private Divide In Transnational Business Governance Interactions,
2012
The Peter A. Allard School of Law
Iso 26000: Bridging The Public/Private Divide In Transnational Business Governance Interactions, Kernaghan Webb
Transnational Business Governance Interactions Working Papers
This paper explores the proposition that the ISO 26000 social responsibility guidance standard represents an innovative form of global social responsibility (SR) rule instrument that performs five key distinctive bridging functions in addressing public and private transnational business governance interactions: (1) top down transpositions of key concepts from inter-‐governmental instruments directed at first instance at states into a non-‐state global SR rule instrument applying directly to transnational corporations (TNCs) and other organizations; (2) bottom up transpositions of key concepts from non-‐state SR instruments of narrow focus to apply more broadly to all SR activities; (3) innovations in the standards development …
Transnational Business Governance Interactions And Technical Systems In Global Finance,
2012
The Peter A. Allard School of Law
Transnational Business Governance Interactions And Technical Systems In Global Finance, Tony Porter
Transnational Business Governance Interactions Working Papers
Most transnational regulatory problems involve technical systems: extended sets of productive connections between humans, organized knowledge, and material objects. The functioning and relations between transnational business governance (TBG) schemes in any particular issue area are usually shaped by these technical systems. These technical systems and the material world that they interact with are not simply exogenous environments for tBG schemes. Individual TBG schemes can enhance their power and influence by expanding their function in a technical system, by incorporating the material aspects of the system into their activities, or by producing the system's technical knowledge. I hypothesize that where a …
The Architecture Of Transnational Private Regulation,
2012
The Peter A. Allard School of Law
The Architecture Of Transnational Private Regulation, Fabrizio Cafaggi
Transnational Business Governance Interactions Working Papers
Conflicting interests among private actors constitute an important factor to explain why and how transnational private regulation has grown and the proliferation of standards and standard setting organizations that has followed. This essay provides a map of transnational regulatory space suggesting that the different levels are related to various governance responses to conflicts within the private sphere and between private and public actors.Three levels of the global regulatory space are considered: (1) the single global regulatory body, where interests are integrated into one organization, (2) the regime, in which multiple organizations operate, regulating within the same policy field, (3) multiple …
Emerging Private Governance: The Challenges Of Choosing A Policy Focus,
2012
The Peter A. Allard School of Law
Emerging Private Governance: The Challenges Of Choosing A Policy Focus, Graeme Auld
Transnational Business Governance Interactions Working Papers
Across sectors of the global economy, private governance has emerged as a new instrument for addressing pressing social and environmental problems. Although better suited for tackling the challenge of reaching agreements among states to address problems transcending national borders, these initiatives create new boundaries based on what problems they choose to focus on and which actors they choose to regulate – that is, the different policy foci of individual programs. Specialization is not inherently problematic. Private governance can focus attention on the problems of a single-issue area and build capacity among actors to resolve its problems, but equally a particular …
Assembling An Experimentalist Regime: Transnational Governance Interactions In The Forest Sector,
2012
The Peter A. Allard School of Law
Assembling An Experimentalist Regime: Transnational Governance Interactions In The Forest Sector, Christine Overdevest, Jonathan Zeitlin
Transnational Business Governance Interactions Working Papers
Transnational governance initiatives increasingly face the problem of regime complexity in which a proliferation of regulatory schemes operate in the same policy domain, supported by varying combinations of public and private actors. The literature suggests that such regime complexity can lead to forum-shopping and other self-interested strategies which undermine the effectiveness of transnational regulation. Based on the design principles of experimentalist governance, this paper identifies a variety of pathways and mechanisms which promote productive interactions in regime complexes. We use the case of the EU's Forest Law Enforcement Governance and Trade (FLEGT) initiative, interacting with private certification schemes and public …
Women's Legal History Symposium Introduction: Making History,
2012
IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law
Women's Legal History Symposium Introduction: Making History, Felice J. Batlan
All Faculty Scholarship
This essay introduces the Chicago-Kent Symposium on Women's Legal History: A Global Perspective. It seeks to situate the field of women's legal history and to explore what it means to begin writing a transnational women's history which transcends and at times disrupts the nation state. In doing so, it sets forth some of the fundamental premises of women's legal history and points to new ways of writing such histories.
Reforming Wto Discipline On Export Duties: Sovereignty Over Natural Resources, Economic Development And Environmental Protection,
2012
Wayne State University
Reforming Wto Discipline On Export Duties: Sovereignty Over Natural Resources, Economic Development And Environmental Protection, Julia Ya Qin
Law Faculty Research Publications
The current World Trade Organization (WTO) regime on export restraints comprises two extremes: at one end is the near-complete freedom to levy export duties enjoyed by most Members, which renders theWTO discipline on export restrictions largely ineffective; at the other end, the rigid obligations imposed on several acceding Members prohibiting the use of export duties for any purpose.The recent WTO ruling in China-Raw Materials has only solidified the latter extreme. This article seeks to expose the irrationality of the current regime, especially the problems created by the rigid obligations of the several acceding Members. It contends that such obligations deprive …
Senses Of Sen: Reflections On Amartya Sen’S Ideas Of Justice,
2012
ESADE Law School, Ramon Llull University
Senses Of Sen: Reflections On Amartya Sen’S Ideas Of Justice, César Arjona, Arif A. Jamal, Carrie Menkel-Meadow, Victor V. Ramraj, Francisco Satiro
Faculty Papers & Publications
This review essay explores how Amartya Sen’s recent book, The Idea of Justice, is relevant and important for the development and assessment of transnational theories and applications to transnational justice and legal education programs. The essay captures a trans-jural dialogue of multinational scholars and teachers, discussing Sen’s contributions to moral justice theory (criticizing programs for “transcendental institutionalism” (like Rawlsian theory) and instead focusing on “comparative broadening” including empirical, relative, and comparative assessments of programs to ameliorate injustice in the world in its comparative concreteness (as in Indian social justice theory and Adam Smith’s Theory of Moral Sentiments and related …
A Reflection On Financial Markets, 1 J. Marshall Global Mkt. L.J. 1 (2012),
2012
UIC School of Law
A Reflection On Financial Markets, 1 J. Marshall Global Mkt. L.J. 1 (2012), Leo Melamed
John Marshall Global Markets Law Journal
In 1972 the International Monetary Market (the “IMM”) was launched in order to provide the financial world the same ability as the agriculture industry to manage risk. At the time, no one knew if the IMM would succeed, have any merit, or be accepted by other members of the financial world. The IMM’s commencement was before the age of technology—before the onset of computers. Once computers existed, financial engineers had the ability to electronically allocate risk and the world began to acclimate to the idea of computer-generated financial derivatives. This Article stresses that full disclosure and transparency is dire in …
Product Innovation, Clearing, And Competition Among U.S. Derivatives Exchanges, 1 J. Marshall Global Mkt. L.J. 3 (2012),
2012
UIC School of Law
Product Innovation, Clearing, And Competition Among U.S. Derivatives Exchanges, 1 J. Marshall Global Mkt. L.J. 3 (2012), Michael Gorham
John Marshall Global Markets Law Journal
Futures traders are attracted to market liquidity—the ability to buy and sell without the transaction having a large impact on market price. Market liquidity is associated with a large number of buyers and sellers and high average daily volumes of trading. This Article discusses the reluctance of futures traders to switch to a new exchange which does not have as much liquidity as an older, established exchange and the difficulty that these new exchanges face in acquiring even a marginal portion of the market share. These difficulties arise because these exchanges choose to use a clearing house that they own …
The Matryoshka Doll Principle: Transparent Governance Obligations Of Finra Remain Safely Nested Within The Layers Of Existing Securities Regulation, 1 J. Marshall Global Mkt. L.J. 13 (2012),
2012
UIC School of Law
The Matryoshka Doll Principle: Transparent Governance Obligations Of Finra Remain Safely Nested Within The Layers Of Existing Securities Regulation, 1 J. Marshall Global Mkt. L.J. 13 (2012), Brittany Mcintosh
John Marshall Global Markets Law Journal
This Article compares the U.S. Supreme Court’s holding in Free Enterprise Fund v. PCAOB to the factors used in Lebron v. National Railroad Passenger Corp. when determining whether a corporation is part of the government (and consequently subject to government control and the President’s removal powers). In Free Enterprise, the U.S. Supreme Court considered factors to determine whether or not an agency is a self-regulatory organization (an independent third party agency that is not subject to government control). Under the Free Enterprise test, the Court held that PCAOB was not an SRO (unlike the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.) because …
Maybe There Is More Than One Reason They Call It A Derivative Lawsuit – The Implicit Corporate Duty To Hedge, 1 J. Marshall Global Mkt. L.J. 29 (2012),
2012
UIC School of Law
Maybe There Is More Than One Reason They Call It A Derivative Lawsuit – The Implicit Corporate Duty To Hedge, 1 J. Marshall Global Mkt. L.J. 29 (2012), Joseph Michael Reyes
John Marshall Global Markets Law Journal
Derivatives became the primary scapegoat after the financial markets crashed in 2008 and many large investment banks collapsed in the aftermath. Derivatives were thought to be far too risky and not transparent, even though derivatives were originally contrived in order to mitigate risk. Contrary to popular opinion, if used properly, derivatives are very effective in the mitigation of price changes, currency exchange, and interest rate risk. Moreover, the current regulatory landscape encourages the use of derivatives to hedge risk. The current financial environment encompasses the widespread use and acceptance of products that allow hedging to be a common trade practice. …
