Taxation-Federal Commons^™

Dividend Distribution Tax: More Than Meets The Eye - A Critical Analysis Of Polycab India Ltd. V. Assistant Commissioner Of Income-Tax, Ashrita Prasad Kotha

Articles

The case emanates from the dividend distribution tax (DDT) paid by Polycab on shares held by International Finance Corporation (IFC), one of its shareholders. IFC was set up by an international agreement to support the private sector in developing countries and was granted tax immunity on its income and transactions under the founding multilateral treaty and supporting domestic law. Polycab sought refund of DDT owing to IFC's immunity. The Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) ruled in favour of Polycab by considering dividend distribution within the immunity clause and reading in an exemption into the income tax legislation. Significantly, the DDT …

The Indirect Taxes, Conor Clarke, Ari Glogower

Scholarship@WashULaw

Article I of the Constitution empowers Congress to “lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises.” It is arguably Congress’s most important power. A government’s first task is to fund itself, and the absence of an enforceable funding mechanism under the Articles of Confederation was a primary reason for the Constitution in the first place. Yet scholarly and judicial attention has focused mostly on the term “taxes” (and specifically what constitutes a “direct tax” that must be apportioned) while largely overlooking the three terms that follow—the duties, imposts, and excises that are collectively known as the “indirect taxes.” 

While poorly …

Perbandingan Sistem Hukum Civil Law Dan Common Law Dalam Penerapan Yurisprudensi Ditinjau Dari Politik Hukum, Praise Juinta W.S. Siregar

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

The legal system is related to the concept of law, where the two things have an inseparable relationship with each other. In principle, the legal system regulates the life of a community so that conflicts do not occur, where if the conflict is unavoidable, then the legal system has an important role in resolving the conflict. The legal system in the judiciary has a major influence in the application of the law, especially for judges in examining and deciding a case. The Panel of Judges in deciding a case will definitely pay close attention to the legal system in its …

The Tax Revenue Capacity Of The U.S. Economy, James R. Hines Jr.

Book Chapters

The United States imposes smaller tax burdens than do other large high-income countries, its 24.8 percent ratio of tax collections to GDP in 2010 representing the lowest fraction among the G-7. The United States also differs from other G-7 countries in relying relatively little on expenditure-type taxes. It follows that there is significant unused tax capacity in the United States that could be deployed to pay the country’s debts, but that the most promising source of additional tax revenue is expenditure taxation that is widely perceived to have very different distributional features than the income taxes on which the U.S. …

Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Konsumen Terhadap Transaksi Jual Beli Melalui Platform E-Commerce Di Indonesia, Viola Annisa Ikhsan

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

With the entry of internet media in the world of commerce / business, many things have changed, namely the closeness between sellers and buyers in transactions has become increasingly tenuous, because each party does not know each other closely and is known only through internet media. Other obstacles that will arise from transactions via the internet include legal protection for buying and selling transactions made through the E-Commerce platform in Indonesia. In fact, the Consumer Protection Law (UUPK) and the Information and Electronic Transaction Law (UUITE) have been able to provide adequate legal protection for consumers in making transactions via …

Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Oleh Penguasa (Onrechtmatige Overheisdaad) (Suatu Tinjauan Analisis Administrasi Pemerintahan), Yusrin Edyanti

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

Government legal actions are actions which by nature have legal consequences. Decisions as a legal instrument of the government in carrying out unilateral legal actions can be the cause of violations of the law against citizens, especially in a modern law state that gives broad authority to the government to interfere in the lives of citizens, because it requires legal protection for citizens against legal action government. This research is a normative legal research, the normative approach is used to obtain theoretical things, namely: principles, concepts, legal doctrines, and the content of the rule of law. The government has two …

Income Tax Issues For Lessors And Lessees, Susan T. Edlavitch, Robert D. Schachat

William & Mary Annual Tax Conference

No abstract provided.

The Original Meaning Of The Sixteenth Amendment, David Gamage, John R. Brooks

Faculty Publications

The Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution enshrines Congress’s “power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived.” Challenges to the exercise of that power have typically turned on whether the thing being taxed is “income” or not. In the most recent example, the 2024 Supreme Court case of Moore v. United States, taxpayers argued that the Sixteenth Amendment only authorizes taxation of realized income—that is, that gain from appreciated property can only be taxed as “income” when there has been a sale or conversion of that property.

In this Article we argue—based on the original …

Guaranteed Payments Made In Kind By A Partnership, Douglas A. Kahn, Faith Cuenin

Articles

If a partnership makes a payment to a partner for services rendered in the latter's capacity as a partner or for the use of capital, to the extent that the payment is determined without regard to partnership income, it is characterized by the Internal Revenue Code as a "guaranteed payment" and is treated differently from other partnership distributions.' In addition, if a partnership makes a payment in liquidation of a retiring or deceased partner's interest in the partnership, part of that payment may be characterized as a guaranteed payment by section 736(a)(2). We will discuss in Part VI of this …

A Case Study In Tax Reform: The Principal Residence, Edwin C. Harris

Dalhousie Law Journal

For most Canadians, "tax reform", in the abstract, is almost a motherhood issue: of course we're in favor of it, particularly if we are referring to that most obtrusive and resented of taxes, the income tax. In fact, as of the end of 1983, we shall have lived twelve years under an income tax r6gime that the federal government was pleased to call "tax reform". Why, then, should there be at least as much clamor for changes to the income tax now as there was in the early 1960s, when the federal government of the day felt impelled to appoint …