The Scrivener’S Secrets Seen Through The Spyglass: Gchq And The International Right To Journalistic Expression,
2017
Brooklyn Law School
The Scrivener’S Secrets Seen Through The Spyglass: Gchq And The International Right To Journalistic Expression, Matthew B. Hurowitz
Brooklyn Journal of International Law
As part of the U.K.’s electronic surveillance program, the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ), started in 1909 to combat German Spies, now collects metadata from both foreigners and its own citizens. Through the express statutory authority of the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act of 2000 (RIPA), and a loophole in section 94 of the Telecommunications Act of 1984, the GCHQ collects metadata, which is all of the information that is extrinsic to the actual contents of a communication. The GCHQ can request an authorization from a public authority—a member of its own staff—to collect traffic data, service use information, or subscriber …
What About Small Businesses? The Gdpr And Its Consequences For Small U.S.-Based Companies,
2017
Brooklyn Law School
What About Small Businesses? The Gdpr And Its Consequences For Small U.S.-Based Companies, Craig Mcallister
Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law
Fast-approaching changes to European data privacy law will have consequences around the globe. Historically, despite having dramatically different approaches to data privacy and data protection, the European Union and the United States developed a framework to ensure that the highspeed freeway that is transatlantic data transfer moved uninterrupted. That framework was overturned in the wake of revelations regarding U.S. surveillance practices, and amidst skepticism that the United States did not adequately protect personal data. Further, the European Union enacted the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), a sweeping overhaul of the legal data protection landscape that will take effect in May …
Individual, Not Collective: Justifying The Resort To Force Against Members Of Non-State Armed Groups,
2017
European Council on Foreign Relations
Individual, Not Collective: Justifying The Resort To Force Against Members Of Non-State Armed Groups, Anthony Dworkin
International Law Studies
This article proposes an alternative to the conventional way of deciding when a State may target or detain members of an armed group. Instead of asking whether there is an armed conflict between the State and the group, this article argues that we should look at the State’s justification for the use of force against the group or its members. In a non-international context, this justification is rooted in human rights law. For this reason, the authorization for the resort to force operates on an individual basis, and the State is only justified in using force against individual members of …
Solar System Battery Backups For Reactor Coolant Pumps During Electricity Outages Resulting From Natural Disasters,
2017
University of Dhaka
Solar System Battery Backups For Reactor Coolant Pumps During Electricity Outages Resulting From Natural Disasters, Md. Shamsul Huda Sohel
International Journal of Nuclear Security
In a nuclear power plant, its coolant system is major safety equipment. Coolant system failure causes several accidents in nuclear history. There are so many causes for coolant system failure. One of them is lack of electric power for coolant pumps. In typically NPP there is backup system for power redundancy. In this article, focus on reactor coolant system and its backup power when main grid lines failure. Here discuss about solar backup power for batteries and increases a safety lines for reactor coolant pumps. So, our main goal is providing a battery backup from reliable natural source and ensuring …
Rule Of Law In The Age Of The Drone: Requiring Transparency And Disqualifying Clandestine Actors—The Cia And The Joint Special Operations Command,
2017
University of Miami Law School
Rule Of Law In The Age Of The Drone: Requiring Transparency And Disqualifying Clandestine Actors—The Cia And The Joint Special Operations Command, Thomas Michael Mcdonnell
University of Miami Law Review
Since shortly after 9/11, weaponized drones have become part of the fabric of United States policy and practice in countering Islamic terrorist organizations and personnel. Although many diplomats, UN officials, and scholars have criticized the widespread use of this weapon system for “targeted killing,” drones are here to stay. But how much investigation and oversight must a democratic country carry out over such a program, and more critically, how can a country do so effectively when the Executive has handed primary responsibility for drone targeted killing attacks to its clandestine forces, the Central Intelligence Agency and the Joint Special Operations …
Contrasting Perspectives And Preemptive Strike: The United States, France, And The War On Terror,
2017
University of Maine School of Law
Contrasting Perspectives And Preemptive Strike: The United States, France, And The War On Terror, Sophie Clavier
Maine Law Review
A few years ago, Samuel P. Huntington's article in Foreign Affairs, "The Clash of Civilizations?" described a "West vs. the Rest" conflict leading to the assumption of an essentially unified Western civilization settling "[g]lobal political and security issues ... effectively ... by a directorate of the United States, Britain and France" and centered around common core values "using international institutions, military power and economic resources to run the world in ways that will . . . protect Western interests . . . .” Against the West, the specter of disorder and fundamentalism was looming and would precipitate conflicts. This widely …
Unilateral And Multilateral Preventive Self-Defense,
2017
University of Maine School of Law
Unilateral And Multilateral Preventive Self-Defense, Stéphanie Bellier
Maine Law Review
The governing principle of the collective security system created by the United Nations Charter in 19451 is the rule prohibiting the use of force in Article 2(4), which provides that "All Members shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state, or in any other manner inconsistent with the Purpose of the United Nations." This rule prohibiting the use of force was considered revolutionary at the time because it transformed into international law ideas which had for centuries, if not millennia, preoccupied the minds of people …
Intelligence Gathering In The Exclusive Economic Zone,
2017
Oxford University
Intelligence Gathering In The Exclusive Economic Zone, Efthymios Papastavridis
International Law Studies
The article explores the contours of intelligence gathering in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) under the international law of the sea. Intelligence gathering in the maritime domain is significant for military and law enforcement purposes and for both coastal States and other States. Intelligence gathering attains even more prominence in the EEZ due to the sensitive location and importance of resources to the coastal State, while the sui generis legal nature of this zone adds further complexity to this inquiry. Indeed, the law of the sea, as reflected in the Law of the Sea Convention, neither explicitly prohibits nor permits …
Improving Maritime Surveillance In Kenya's Remote Coastal Islands : Application Of Renewable Energy Solutions,
2017
World Maritime University
Improving Maritime Surveillance In Kenya's Remote Coastal Islands : Application Of Renewable Energy Solutions, John Churchill Omondi
World Maritime University Dissertations
No abstract provided.
From The Editor,
2017
US Army War College
From The Editor, Antulio J. Echevarria Ii
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
No abstract provided.
Clausewitz's Theory Of War And Victory In Contemporary Conflict,
2017
US Army War College
Clausewitz's Theory Of War And Victory In Contemporary Conflict, Emile Simpson
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This article considers whether Clausewitz’s account of the nature of war is universal to all wars, in order then to assess how far his concept of victory is universal. While aspects of Clausewitz’s concept of war are still universal, others are not. Accordingly, his theory of victory is not universal to all wars, and especially not to wars fought against transnational terrorist networks.
Will War's Nature Change In The Seventh Military Revolution?,
2017
US Army War College
Will War's Nature Change In The Seventh Military Revolution?, F. G. Hoffman
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This article examines the potential implications of the combinations of robotics, artificial intelligence, and deep learning systems on the character and nature of war. The author employs Carl von Clausewitz’s trinity concept to discuss how autonomous weapons will impact the essential elements of war. The essay argues war’s essence, as politically directed violence fraught with friction, will remain its most enduring aspect, even if more intelligent machines are involved at every level.
Navigating The Third Offset Strategy,
2017
US Army War College
Navigating The Third Offset Strategy, Damon V. Coletta
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This article suggests adding a “craftsman” at lower ranks to steer private-sector projects through the Third Offset Strategy. This strategy was established by experienced leadership at the Pentagon to increase military acquisitions of automation and artificial intelligence technology.
Expansibility And Army Special Operations Forces,
2017
US Army War College
Expansibility And Army Special Operations Forces, Eric P. Shwedo
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This article examines how Army Special Operations might prepare to expand in the event of a major war by resolving impediments to growth, improving recall procedures, and developing plans to expand training capacities.
Beware The "Terror Gap": Closing The Loophole Between The U.S. Terrorist Watchlist System And The Right To Bear Arms,
2017
Cornell Law School
Beware The "Terror Gap": Closing The Loophole Between The U.S. Terrorist Watchlist System And The Right To Bear Arms, Elizabeth M. Sullivan
Cornell Law Review
No abstract provided.
Deterrence & Security Assistance: The South China Sea,
2017
US Army War College
Deterrence & Security Assistance: The South China Sea, Tommy Ross
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This article identifies how the United States can apply security assistance to support regional security in the South China Sea in order to counter China’s assertive expansion strategy.
Lessons Unlearned: Army Transformation And Low-Intensity Conflict,
2017
US Army War College
Lessons Unlearned: Army Transformation And Low-Intensity Conflict, Pat Proctor
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This article examines the US Army’s experiences and lessons learned during military interventions in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo. It explores why these lessons did not affect the Army transformation, directed in the late-1990s by James M. Dubik, John W. Hendrix, John N. Abrams, and Eric K. Shinseki.
The Belarus Factor In European Security,
2017
US Army War College
The Belarus Factor In European Security, Alexander Lanoszka
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This article challenges strategists to reconsider longheld assumptions associated with the alliance between Belarus and Russia when planning military support for the Baltic states.
Parameters Winter 2017 – 2018,
2017
US Army War College
Parameters Winter 2017 – 2018, Usawc Press
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
No abstract provided.
Crimmigration-Counterterrorism,
2017
William & Mary Law School
Crimmigration-Counterterrorism, Margaret Hu
Faculty Publications
The discriminatory effects that may stem from biometric ID cybersurveillance and other algorithmically-driven screening technologies can be better understood through the analytical prism of “crimmigrationcounterterrorism”: the conflation of crime, immigration, and counterterrorism policy. The historical genesis for this phenomenon can be traced back to multiple migration law developments, including the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882. To implement stricter immigration controls at the border and interior, both the federal and state governments developed immigration enforcement schemes that depended upon both biometric identification documents and immigration screening protocols. This Article uses contemporary attempts to implement an expanded regime of “extreme vetting” to …
