International Law Commons^™

Coming Full Circle On Human Rights In The Global Economy: International Economic Law Tools To Realize The Right To Development, Diane A. Desierto

Loyola University Chicago International Law Review

This article argues that the discipline and profession of international economic law has undergone a significant architectural change to focus on human rights law as both the premise and promise of the international economic system. Contrary to prevailing currents that focus on the irrelevance of the global economic system to realize human rights, this article argues that international economic law tools have already been converging within the last decade to authentically realize the Right to Development of individuals, groups, and populations. The Draft Convention on the Right to Development defines the right as the enjoyment, participation, and contribution of individuals, …

Boundary Blurring In International Law: Globalization, Climate Change, And Cooperation In The Indus Basin, Michael John Cornell

Loyola University Chicago International Law Review

This comment proposes that, to achieve better water cooperation in the Indus Basin, lawyers involved in hydropower development projects should factor into socio-legal research and policy-making as potentially transformative stakeholders. With climate change driving the steady reduction of shared glacially-sourced river waters in India, China, and Pakistan, the need for regional water cooperation has never been higher. The comment first considers the origins and mechanisms of the 1960 Indus Waters Treaty, signed between India and Pakistan, followed by the impact of the related 2013 Kishenganga Arbitration. Next, in light of the three countries' competing economic, political, and security interests, the …

The Indigenous Alternative: Tek, Lel, And Solutions For The Unsolvable, Cara Victoria Sawyer

Loyola University Chicago International Law Review

This comment addresses the intentional exclusion of Indigenous nations from the United Nations and, consequently, from the UNFCCC and subsequent climate regime. It cautions of the adverse consequences that have resulted from such exclusion, both to the warming planet and to all its human residents. Critics say that the climate regime has fallen woefully short of reaching its goals. However, this comment suggests that including Indigenous nations in substantial international climate change conversations and decisions could result in yet-to-be-made progress toward reducing global warming. The permanent position status that the Inuit people hold on the Arctic Council, for example, helped …

Table Of Contents

Loyola University Chicago International Law Review

No abstract provided.

Germany Takes Action On Corporate Due Diligence In Supply Chains: What The United States Can Learn From International Supply Chain Regulations, Kellie R. Tomin

Loyola University Chicago International Law Review

This comment addresses the United States' failure to pass comprehensive federal supply chain due diligence legislation. The United States presents itself as a global leader, but its failure to pass comprehensive supply chain due diligence legislation creates a gap in human rights due diligence that can lead to corporate human rights abuses. Although the United States has passed several human rights due diligence laws, a comprehensive federal law would be more effective at preventing corporate human rights abuses in the supply chains of business organizations that operate in the United States. This comment argues that American lawmakers should look to …

Settler Colonialism And Assimilative Education: Comparing Federal Reconciliation Efforts For Indigenous Residential And Boarding Schools In Canada And The United States, Holly Jacobs

Loyola University Chicago International Law Review

This article compares the historical development, purpose and legacy, and subsequent reconciliation and reparations efforts of Indigenous residential and boarding schools in the United States and Canada. In both nations, these schools comprised but one piece of a carefully crafted network of federal policies aimed at the removal, assimilation, and cultural genocide of Indigenous peoples, and as a result, had destructive and lasting effects on those they oppressed. By taking a comparative approach and examining the laws and policies surrounding boarding schools in light of settler colonialism, this article hopes to illuminate the efficacy of reconciliation efforts of each nation. …

Victims Of Violence: The Cyclical Military Takeover Of The Myanmar Government, Kajal Patel

Loyola University Chicago International Law Review

Myanmar has a long history of military coup d'6tat. In February of 2021, the Myanmar military took over the government. The military's existing presence in everyday government and Myanmar's 2008 Constitution provides the military the ability to do so. Since the government takeover, violence against citizens has escalated and is legally justified. Additionally, Myanmar has a long history of violence against Rohingya Muslims. Therefore, the recent takeover made this ethnic minority group more susceptible to being ongoing victims of violence. This comment argues that China could end the 2021 military takeover and has incentive to do so. Furthermore, this comment …

International Law Rules On Treaty Interpretation, Steven R. Ratner

Book Chapters

International law is central to the interpretation of both of the Brexit-related treaties. The TCA explicitly requires the parties and any dispute settlement body to interpret it according to the rules of interpretation of public international law, notably the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT). The WA, and thus the Protocol, by specifying that any of its provisions concerning Union law or concepts must be interpreted in accordance with EU law (including the case law of the CJEU), implies that its many provisions not concerning EU law will need to be interpreted by the default rules of …

The Remote Nature Of International Trade Transactions, Tahirih V. Lee

Scholarly Publications

During the spring of 2020 through the spring of 2021 of the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the courses at the Florida State University College of Law were moved to Zoom in order to be taught remotely. This transition was painful and inadequate for many of the traditional-style law school courses. However, FSU's International Trade Transactions course, which has operated around a digitized transactional world for twenty years, smoothly transitioned to remote learning. As the teacher of this course, I would like to explore what students learn in that transactional world, and also how that learning helps the students after law …

Twenty-First Annual International Advocate For Peace Award, Honoring William Ury, Samuel Ditchek, Alexandra Sandler, William Ury

Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution

On March 11, 2022, the Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution presented the twenty-first annual International Advocate for Peace Award to William Ury. The following is a transcript of the event's speeches.

Passion Projects In Law Librarianship: A Belated Tribute To Igor Kavass And His Personal Mission To Acquire And Organize U.S. International Agreements, Loren Turner

Articles

In December 2020, Oona Hathaway, Curtis Bradley, and Jack Goldsmith, law professors at Yale, Chicago, and Harvard, respectively, published their article, The Failed Transparency Regime for Executive Agreements: An Empirical and Normative Analysis, in the Harvard Law Review. The article reveals that the U.S. executive branch consistently fails to comply with federal requirements to report and publish the international agreements it makes with foreign countries. As a result, Congress and the American public regularly lack access to legal information to which they are entitled under federal law. Additionally, Hathaway, Bradley, and Goldsmith identify a particular time when our already-inadequate access …

Dissertation Submitted To Satisfy The Requirements Of The S.J.D. Program, Itay Peer

SJD Dissertations

This dissertation consists of the following articles:

• The Need to Modernize the Personal Services Income Source Rule
• To Be or Not To Be an American - The Million Dollar Question
• The Need for an International Tax Reform - Taxation of US Headquartered Multinationals

Procedural Jus Cogens, Anthony J, Colangelo

Faculty Journal Articles and Book Chapters

Jus cogens are a species of supernorm in international law. They are universally binding and trump all contrary rules—such as treaties and customary international law. They are typically framed in terms of substantive prohibitions: no genocide, no slavery, no crimes against humanity, etc. This Article seeks to identify a procedural jus cogens; namely, the right to due process of law made up of notice, a hearing, and an impartial and independent decisionmaker. To do so, it draws from what are called “general principles of international law”; that is, principles common to legal systems around the world, which make up a …

How El Salvador Has Changed U.S. Law By A Bit: The Consequences For The Ucc Of Bitcoin Becoming Legal Tender, Brian Mccall

Faculty Articles

On June 8, 2021, the Congress of El Salvador passed a law that changed American commercial law.How could a foreign country change U.S. law? El Salvador’s Congress voted to confer “legal tender” status upon the cryptocurrency Bitcoin.The law took effect in El Salvador on September 7, 2021;starting that day, Bitcoin could be used to pay taxes4 and buy goods and services in El Salvador. As the first country to adopt Bitcoin as legal tender, El Salvador made world history and sparked many debates and predictions about the effects its decision may have on the Central American nation and its economy.Beyond …

The Rise Of 5g Technology: How Internet Privacy And Protection Of Personal Data Is A Must In An Evolving Digital Landscape, Justin Rabine

Catholic University Journal of Law and Technology

No abstract provided.

The Application Of The Right To Be Forgotten In The Machine Learning Context: From The Perspective Of European Laws, Zeyu Zhao

Catholic University Journal of Law and Technology

The right to be forgotten has been evolving for decades along with the progress of different statutes and cases and, finally, independently enacted by the General Data Protection Regulation, making it widely applied across Europe. However, the related provisions in the regulation fail to enable machine learning systems to realistically forget the personal information which is stored and processed therein.

This failure is not only because existing European rules do not stipulate standard codes of conduct and corresponding responsibilities for the parties involved, but they also cannot accommodate themselves to the new environment of machine learning, where specific information can …

Appointing Arbitrators: Tenure, Public Confidence, And A Middle Road For Isds Reform, Thomas D. Grant, F. Scott Kieff

Michigan Journal of International Law

Many governments now join academics and activists in questioning whether ad hoc tribunals, which comprise private individuals holding no tenured role on a court, ought to be entrusted with deciding cases, where the resultant awards sometimes impose significant financial burdens on the respondent State, constrain the State’s regulatory choices, and affect the interests of third parties. Investor-State dispute settlement (ISDS), during the great expansion of its practice over the past quarter century, has relied on party-appointed arbitrators to constitute the ad hoc tribunals that hear and decide cases that investors bring. Moved by a turn of public sentiment in recent …

Listening To Dissonance At The Intersections Of International Human Rights Law, C. Cora True-Frost

Michigan Journal of International Law

Within the United Nations (UN) human rights system, there are ten human rights treaties, each with its own treaty body or “Committee” that claims to offer the most authoritative interpretation of its corresponding treaty. Rather than resolving contests for primacy, this arrangement often generates conflicting interpretations of certain human rights.

This Article is the first to shed light on conflicts between treaty bodies’ interpretations within the UN human rights system and to confront the question of how to resolve such conflicts at the intersections of international human rights law. The Article analyzes three case studies of such conflicts: 1) clashing …

Rejecting Customary Regression: Unilateral Humanitarian Intervention & The Evolution Of Customary International Law, Elisabeth J. Brennen

Michigan Journal of International Law

Humanitarian intervention is perhaps one of the most important topics in international affairs. It raises questions of morality and militarism, becoming a platform for sharp debate in international law. This note discusses both the moral and legal questions presented by unilateral humanitarian intervention (“UHI”). It argues that UHI is antithetical to the progression of customary international law due to customary international law’s evolutive nature and the ongoing importance of decolonization. UHI is not only normatively undesirable, but the particular normative criticisms of the doctrine – that it is regressively imperialist and neo-colonial – render it fundamentally incompatible with customary international …

Grotian Moments And Statehood, Milena Sterio

Law Faculty Articles and Essays

Grotian Moments are instances of accelerated formation of customary law, sparked by significant world events, such as wars, terrorist attacks, or natural catastrophes. This Article applies the Grotian Moment theory to the legal criteria of statehood, in an attempt to assess whether an evolution in specific elements of statehood has resulted in such paradigm-shifting Grotian Moments. In Part II, this Article analyzes the Grotian Moment theory while distinguishing it from other types of customary law formation. Part III focuses on the legal theory of statehood and each of its constitutive elements. Part IV discusses whether any such elements of statehood …