Bond V. United States: Concurring In The Judgment,
2014
Georgetown University Law Center
Bond V. United States: Concurring In The Judgment, Nicholas Quinn Rosenkranz
Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works
Bond v. United States presented the deep constitutional question of whether a treaty can increase the legislative power of Congress. Unfortunately, a majority of the Court managed to sidestep the constitutional issue by dodgy statutory interpretation. But the other three Justices—Scalia, Thomas, and Alito—all wrote important concurrences in the judgment, grappling with the constitutional issues presented. In particular, Justice Scalia’s opinion (joined by Justice Thomas), is a masterpiece, eloquently demonstrating that Missouri v. Holland is wrong and should be overruled: a treaty cannot increase the legislative power of Congress.
Measuring Circuit Splits: A Cautionary Note,
2014
William & Mary Law School
Measuring Circuit Splits: A Cautionary Note, Aaron-Andrew P. Bruhl
Faculty Publications
A number of researchers have recently published new measures of the Supreme Court’s behavior in resolving conflicts in the lower courts. These new measures represent an improvement over prior, cruder approaches, but it turns out that measuring the Court’s resolutions of conflicts is surprisingly difficult. The aim of this methodological comment is to describe those difficulties and to establish several conclusions that follow from them. First, the new measures of the Court’s behavior are certainly imprecise and may reflect biased samples. Second, using the Supreme Court Database, which some studies rely on to assemble a dataset of cases resolving conflicts, …
Trans-Substantivity Beyond Procedure,
2014
University of Colorado Law School
Trans-Substantivity Beyond Procedure, Suzette M. Malveaux
Publications
No abstract provided.
The Administrative State's Passive Virtues,
2014
University of Colorado Law School
The Administrative State's Passive Virtues, Sharon B. Jacobs
Publications
Fifty years ago, Alexander Bickel famousy suggested that courts use tools like standing, ripeness, and the political question doctrine to avoid reaching the merits of difficult cases. Yet despite the increasingly central role of administrative agencies in government, there have been no efforts to date to apply Bickel's insights to the bureaucracy. This Article remedies that deficit. The Article provides a three-part taxonomy of administrative restraint and offers case studies from federal agencies such as the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the Fish and Wildlife Service. It argues that agencies sometimes use restraint strategically for reasons …
The Courts And National Security: The Ordeal Of The State Secrets Privilege,
2014
Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law
The Courts And National Security: The Ordeal Of The State Secrets Privilege, David Rudenstine
Articles
The state secrets privilege, originally established in United States v. Reynolds, has evolved into a powerful tool for the Executive to shield actions from judicial scrutiny, undermining the rule of law and constitutional checks and balances. This expansion, driven by judicial deference and circuit court interpretations, now prioritizes national security over accountability, threatening core legal principles. The article argues for reform to balance national security concerns with judicial oversight and individual rights.
The Aftermath Of Hobby Lobby: Hsas And Hras As The Least Restrictive Means,
2014
Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law
The Aftermath Of Hobby Lobby: Hsas And Hras As The Least Restrictive Means, Edward A. Zelinsky
Articles
In Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc., the United States Supreme Court held that the Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993 (RFRA) does not require closely-held corporations’ employer-sponsored medical plans to provide forms of contraception that shareholders of such corporations object to on religious grounds. The question now raised is how the President, Congress, and the departments of Health and Human Services (HHS), Treasury and Labor, ought to respond to the Hobby Lobby decision.
Step Zero After City Of Arlington,
2014
Columbia Law School
Step Zero After City Of Arlington, Thomas W. Merrill
Faculty Scholarship
The thirty-year history of Chevron U.S.A. Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. is a story of triumph in the courts and frustration on the part of administrative law scholars. Chevron's appeal for the courts rests in significant part on its ease of application as a decisional device. Questions about the validity of an agency's interpretation of a statute are reduced to two inquiries: whether the statute itself provides a clear answer and, if not, whether the agency's answer is a reasonable one. The framework can be applied to virtually any statutory interpretation question resolved by an agency, and …
A Study Of Juror Information On The Websites Of 61 Predominately Hispanic Texas Counties,
2014
The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
A Study Of Juror Information On The Websites Of 61 Predominately Hispanic Texas Counties, Irma S. Jones, Dianna Blankenship, Marcus Juarez
Teaching and Learning Faculty Publications
The Constitution does not require a jury of twelve men and women t o be representative of America’s diverse ethnic, racial, and economic groups (Donaldson v. California, 1971). Although there is concern whether prospective juror pools emulate shifting racial and ethnic populations, (Fukari, 1996), it is unconstitutional to use “race conscious means” to create a racially balanced jury pool. (United States v. Ovalle, 1998). The U.S. Hispanic population grew from 9.1 million in 1970 to 35.3 million in 2000, an increase of nearly four times, and 53 million in 2012, an increase of nearly six times (Pew Research Center, 2014). …
Competing With The “Patent Court”: A Newly Robust Ecosystem,
2014
Duke Law School
Competing With The “Patent Court”: A Newly Robust Ecosystem, Arti K. Rai
Faculty Scholarship
In a provocative address, Chief Judge Wood of the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals suggests exposing the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, created in 1982 to hear all appeals from patent cases, to competition from sister appellate courts. This response, published as part of a Symposium on Chief Judge Wood's address, argues that competition is indeed desirable. Whether such competition is best provided by other appellate courts is unclear, however. The more tractable approach is to improve competitive input from sources that have already emerged. These include dissenting Federal Circuit judges, parties and amici who are not "patent …
Facilitative Judging: Organizational Design In Mass-Multidistrict Litigation,
2014
University of Georgia School of Law
Facilitative Judging: Organizational Design In Mass-Multidistrict Litigation, Jaime Dodge
Scholarly Works
Faced with the emerging phenomenon of complex litigation—from school desegregation to mass torts—the judiciary of the last century departed from the traditional, purely adjudicative role in favor of managerial judging, in which they actively supervised cases and even became involved in settlement talks. I argue that a similar transition in judicial role is now occurring. I contend that transferee judges are now stepping back from active participation in settlement discussions but playing a far greater role in structuring and administering the litigation. This new judicial role focuses on facilitating the parties’ resolution of the case, whether through settlement or remand …
Procaps S.A. V. Patheon Inc.: Videotaped Deposition Transcript,
2013
American University Washington College of Law
Procaps S.A. V. Patheon Inc.: Videotaped Deposition Transcript, Jonathan Baker
Legislative Testimony & Comments
No abstract provided.
Interactive Methods And Collaborative Performance: A New Future For Indirect Infringement,
2013
University of Michigan Law School
Interactive Methods And Collaborative Performance: A New Future For Indirect Infringement, Josh Rychlinski
Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review
An individual is liable for patent infringement if he infringes one or more patented claims either directly under 35 U.S.C. § 271(a) or indirectly under 35 U.S.C. § 271(b) or § 271(c). In 2012, the Federal Circuit clarified its interpretation of § 271(b) and § 271(c) in the case of Akamai v. Limelight. However, the court failed to address issues of “divided” direct infringement, where two or more entities combine and together complete each and every step of a method claim, but no single entity does all of the steps. This Note walks through the history of the judicial interpretation …
At What Is The Supreme Court Comparatively Advantaged?,
2013
Indiana University School of Law
At What Is The Supreme Court Comparatively Advantaged?, R. George Wright
West Virginia Law Review
No abstract provided.
Friendship Treaties ≠ Judgment Treaties,
2013
University of North Carolina School of Law
Friendship Treaties ≠ Judgment Treaties, John F. Coyle
Michigan Law Review First Impressions
It is hornbook law that the United States is not currently a party to any treaty governing the enforcement of foreign judgments. At least, it was hornbook law until 1993. In that year, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit adopted a novel interpretation of a provision in a bilateral treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation ("FCN treaty") between the United States and Greece that transformed the treaty into a de facto judgments treaty. Two years later, in 1995, the Third Circuit adopted the same interpretation of an identical clause in the United States-Korea FCN treaty. Each of …
Getting Down To (Tattoo) Business: Copyright Norms And Speech Protections For Tattooing,
2013
University of Michigan Law School
Getting Down To (Tattoo) Business: Copyright Norms And Speech Protections For Tattooing, Alexa L. Nickow
Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review
What level of First Amendment protection should we afford tattooing? General public consensus formerly condemned tattoos as barbaric, but the increasingly diverse clientele of tattoo shops suggests that tattoos have become more mainstream. However, the law has struggled to adjust. The recent proliferation of municipal near-bans on tattooing has brought tattooing to the forefront of First Amendment debates, with cases such as Anderson and Coleman leading the way toward recognizing tattooing as pure speech. Tensions between formal and informal copyright norms in the tattoo industry further highlight the collaborative and expressive nature of the artist-customer relationship and its resulting products, …
An Insurmountable Obstacle: Denying Deference To The Bia’S Social Visibility Requirement,
2013
University of Michigan Law School
An Insurmountable Obstacle: Denying Deference To The Bia’S Social Visibility Requirement, Kathleen Kersh
Michigan Journal of Race and Law
In the last fifteen years, the Board of Immigration Appeals has imposed a requirement that persons seeking asylum based on membership in a particular social group must establish that the social group is “socially visible” throughout society. This Comment argues that the social visibility requirement should be denied administrative deference on several grounds. The requirement should be denied Chevron deference because Congress’s intent behind the Refugee Act of 1980 is clear and unambiguous and, alternatively, the requirement is an impermissible interpretation of the statute. The requirement is also arbitrary and capricious under the Administrative Procedures Act. This Comment argues that …
The Rise And Fall Of The Unwritten Law: Sex, Patriarchy, And Vigilante Justice In The American Courts,
2013
Stanford University
The Rise And Fall Of The Unwritten Law: Sex, Patriarchy, And Vigilante Justice In The American Courts, Lawrence M. Friedman, William E. Havemann
Buffalo Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Value Of Precedent : Appellate Briefs And Judicial Opinions In The U.S. Courts Of Appeals.,
2013
University of Louisville
The Value Of Precedent : Appellate Briefs And Judicial Opinions In The U.S. Courts Of Appeals., Laura P. Moyer, Todd A. Collins, Susan B. Haire
Faculty and Staff Scholarship
This study of appellate advocacy examines factors that affect judicial treatment of precedents identified in litigant briefs. Although we find some attorney and party characteristics influence whether a court addresses precedent cited by a party, legal resources are not as influential in determining whether the court adopts a party’s use of a precedent. At times, ideological congruence between the circuit panel and the litigant can increase the likelihood that the court’s opinion will use a precedent in the same way as presented by the litigants. There is also some support for the importance of attorney experience. Even when their clients …
The Court Loses Its Way With The Global Positioning System: United States V. Jones Retreats To The “Classic Trespassory Search”,
2013
California State University Fullerton
The Court Loses Its Way With The Global Positioning System: United States V. Jones Retreats To The “Classic Trespassory Search”, George M. Dery Iii, Ryan Evaro
Michigan Journal of Race and Law
This Article analyzes United States v. Jones, in which the Supreme Court considered whether government placement of a global positioning system (GPS) device on a vehicle to follow a person’s movements constituted a Fourth Amendment “search.” The Jones Court ruled that two distinct definitions existed for a Fourth Amendment “search.” In addition to Katz v. United States’s reasonable-expectation-of-privacy standard, which the Court had used exclusively for over four decades, the Court recognized a second kind of search that it called a “classic trespassory search.” The second kind of search occurs when officials physically trespass or intrude upon a constitutionally protected …
The Effects Of The Jccs Curriculum On Juveniles' Legal Knowledge, Competency, And Anxiety,
2013
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
The Effects Of The Jccs Curriculum On Juveniles' Legal Knowledge, Competency, And Anxiety, Leslie Strasser Murdock
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Current law requires that juveniles be competent to stand trial prior to their involvement as defendants in court. According to Dusky v. US, a defendant must have a rational and factual understanding of the court proceedings to be deemed competent to stand trial. Past studies call into question whether juveniles at any age could meet the understanding element of the standard articulated in Dusky v. US (1960). Additionally, youth with disabilities have less knowledge than their typical peers. Besides a lack of legal knowledge, court related anxiety has also been found to have a significant effect on youths going to …
