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From The Editor, Stanisław Piątek

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

From the Editor

Entire Issue Vol. 6 No. 7

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

Vol 6(7)

Table Of Contents

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

Table of contents

The Antitrusting Of Patentability, Saurabh Vishnubhakat

Faculty Scholarship

Deciding a patent’s validity is costly, and so is deciding it incorrectly. Judges and juries must expend significant resources in order to reach a patent validity determination that is properly informed by the relevant facts. At the same time, patent validity determinations reached quickly and cheaply may conserve resources today while creating future costs. Wrongly preserving an invalid patent can distort the competitive market and enable abuses, such as nuisance litigation. Meanwhile, wrongly striking down a valid patent can undermine incentives for continued investment and commercialization in knowledge assets. Courts facing patent validity issues have begun to strike this balance …

Trinko: A Kinder, Gentler Approach To Dominant Firms Under The Antitrust Laws?, Edward D. Cavanagh

Maine Law Review

Section 2 of the Sherman Act prohibits monopolization, attempted monopolization and conspiracy to monopolize. The § 2 prohibitions are rooted in concerns "that possession of unchallenged economic power deadens initiative, discourages thrift and depresses energy; that immunity from competition is a narcotic, and rivalry is a stimulant, to industrial progress; that the spur of constant stress is necessary to counteract an inevitable disposition to let well enough alone." At the same time, courts have recognized that size alone cannot be the basis of condemnation under § 2, for as Learned Hand observed in Alcoa, "[t]he successful competitor, having been urged …

South Dakota V. Wayfair, Inc.: Brief Of Amici Curiae Law Professors And Economists In Support Of Petitioner, Reuven S. Avi-Yonah

Appellate Briefs

Amici are professors of tax law and economics at universities across the United States. As scholars and teachers, they have considered the economic consequences of this Court's decision in Quill Corp. v. North Dakota, 504 U.S. 298 (1992), and have concluded that Quill's dormant Commerce Clause holding should be overruled. Amici join this brief solely on their own behalf and not as representatives of their universities. A full list of amici appears in Appendix A.

While the Supreme Court is rightly reluctant to overrule its own precedents under any circumstances, the force of stare decisis is less powerful in …

Sharing, Samples, And Generics: An Antitrust Framework, Michael A. Carrier

Cornell Law Review

Rising drug prices are in the news. By increasing price, drug companies have placed vital, even life-saving, medicines out of the reach of consumers. In a recent development, brand firms have prevented generics even from entering the market. The ruse for this strategy involves risk-management programs known as Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (“REMS”). Pursuant to legislation enacted in 2007, the FDA requires REMS when a drug’s risks (such as death or injury) outweigh its rewards. Brands have used this regime, intended to bring drugs to the market, to block generic competition. Regulations such as the federal Hatch-Waxman Act and …

Legal Aspects Of The Responsible Development Strategy In The Energy Field With Special Regard To Electro Mobility, Adam Szafrański

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

This article mentions the strategic projects of the Polish government in the energy field, presented in its Responsible Development Strategy. Two projects are considered, which are in particular in need of a new regulatory environment – the capacity market and Electro Mobility (E-Mobility). The paper’s next focus is on identifying legal barriers to the development of Electro Mobility. The basic issues that need to be regulated include: the need to define the parties involved in charging an electric vehicle, clarification of energy law (concession requirement) and construction law (building permit requirement). The author analyses the planned provisions contained in the …

Concession – A Legal Instrument For Energy Security, Piotr Manteuffel, Filip Elżanowski

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

The article presents an attempt to evaluate concessions granted by the President of the Energy Regulatory Office as a legal instrument for energy security. The analysis carried out relates to particular statutory conditions for granting a concession to an undertaking which intends to commence a business activity on the energy market, and to the scope of the verification of the fulfilment of such conditions by the applicant conducted by the regulatory authority in the course of the concession proceedings. Additionally, the amendment to the Energy Law Act of 22 of July 2016 is analysed, as a recent example of a …

The Stock Ticket Contract – Chosen Practical Considerations, Marcin Kraśniewski

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

The article is an attempt to describe a new method of fulfilling the obligation to maintain natural gas stocks – the stock ticket contract. It presents two amendments to the Act of 16 February 2007 on Stocks of Crude Oil, Petroleum Products and Natural Gas as well as the rules in the event of a threat to domestic fuel security or crude oil market disturbances. Furthermore, presented are also some reservations and consequences of the stock ticket contract, a legal institution established by these amendments and rules. The author discusses the material, personal and temporal scope, form and nature, scope …

Impact Of The Echr On The Inclusion Of ‘Guilt’ As A Condition For The Admissibility Of Fines For Antitrust And Energy Law Violations, Marta Urbańska-Arendt

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

Standards of protection of human rights set out by the ECHR induce Polish courts to treat elements of a given perpetrator’s attitude to his own behaviour as a condition for the imposition of fines for infringements of the Competition and Consumer Protection Act and the Energy Law Act. The paper examines case law from 2010 until now, in order to determine whether it has become consistent and permanent judiciary practice to take into account the standards of the ECHR and, consequently, the perpetrator’s ‘guilt’ as the admissibility requirement for the imposition upon him of fines for antitrust and energy law …

The Imposition Of Administrative Fines By The President Of The Energy Regulatory Office In The Context Of The Amendment Of The Code Of Administrative Procedure Of 7 April 2017, Przemysław Zdyb

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

Niniejsze opracowanie odnosi się do problematyki wymierzania w drodze decyzji administracyjnej Prezesa Urzędu Regulacji Energetyki administracyjnych kar pieniężnych za niewykonywanie obowiązków o charakterze publicznoprawnym przewidzianych w ustawie z 10 kwietnia 1997 r. – Prawo energetyczne. W części pierwszej przedstawione zostały w sposób węzłowy poglądy na temat charakteru prawnego administracyjnych kar pieniężnych. Następnie przedstawiono nowe regulacje dotyczące administracyjnych kar pieniężnych dodane do k.p.a. nowelizacją z 7 kqwietnia 2017 r. Kolejny punkt traktuje na temat regulacji szczególnych dotyczących administracyjnych kar pieniężnych w prawie energetycznym. Artykuł kończy się podsumowaniem zawierającym postulaty de lege ferenda w zakresie zmniejszenia liczby aktów prawnych stosowanych przez Prezesa …

Consumer Adrs In The Energy Sector: Hopes And Questions, Jarosław Sroczyński

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

The article presents new legal solutions in relation to Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in the energy sector. Discussed are key features of the proceedings before the negotiations Coordinator. Stressed are several significant doubts concerning the [new] procedural solutions, which may weaken the overall positive effect of the new regulation. These doubts pertain, above all, to the overly broad voluntary character of the proceedings before the Negotiations Coordinator, and the controversial prohibition of the suspension of the supply of fuels and energy until the dispute is resolved by the Negotiations Coordinator.

The Impact Of The Proposed Amendments To Directive 2009/28/Ec On The Promotion Of The Use Of Energy From Renewable Sources On Energy Security In Poland, Magdalena Porzeżyńska

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

On 30 November 2016, the European Commission introduced the Clean Energy for all Europeans legislative proposals related to changing the European energy market. The purpose of those legislative acts, commonly known as the Winter package, is to set out the direction of the development of the European electricity market, as well as to predict legislative changes in the EU energy sector. Moreover, the Winter package includes also a proposal to amend Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources, which is imperative for …

Extrajudicial Settlement Of Consumer Disputes In The Energy Field, Wojciech Modzelewski

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

Polish regulations on consumer protection in the energy sector are still far behind other European countries where Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is more popular. This article examines new regulations that aim to introduce ADR in the energy field. The Consumer ADR Act introduced into the polish legal system entity acting as a mediator in disputes between an energy company and consumers, in this area mediator replaced existing consumer court.

Transmission Corridors In The Legislation Of The United States Of America, Mateusz Sokół

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

The present article chooses as its subject a somewhat unpopular, at least in Polish literature, matter of transmission corridors in the United States of America, as one of the elements that are to ensure widely understood energy security. A transmission corridor is a normatively isolated terrain of a special legal status (with its existence sometimes manifested in a factual way), where transmission infrastructure are, or will be located, which plays specific roles that define the very essence of the corridor. The author begins with the deliberation on the issue of the right of transmission entrepreneurs to use the land (covered …

Book Review, Ilona Przybojewska, Znaczenie Transeuropejskich Sieci Energetycznych Dla Zapewnienia Bezpieczeństwa Energetycznego [Importance Of Trans-European Energy Networks For Energy Security] (Bartłomiej Nowak), Ilona Przybojewska

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

Table of contents

Filip Elżanowski – Recipient Of The Cars Regulatory Award 2017

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

CARS Regulatory Award 2017

Energy Security, Marzena Czarnecka

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

From the volume editor