Physics Commons^™

A Liquid Hydrogen Bubble Chamber Designed For Use As A Neutron Spectrometer, Edward R. Flynn

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

A liquid hydrogen bubble chamber for use as a neutron spectrometer has been constructed and operated. The chamber employs 90^o stereography and is expanded by a piston located in the liquid. The construction and operation of the chamber are described. A special measuring microscope for analyzing the data is described along with the associated electronics for digitizing the screws of this device. Reading rates of 60 proton recoils per hour have been obtained and the reading procedure is discussed. Preliminary results from a neutron-proton differential cross section measurement indicates a resolution of 5% may be obtained with 22 Mev …

Relations Between Transpiration, Leaf Temperatures, And Some Environmental Factors, Ronald Kay Tew

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Transpiration is the loss of water in vapor form from a plant. This is essentially the same process as evaporation except that it is modified by plant structure. Large quantities of water are removed from the soil, transferred through the conducting tissues of the plant, and dissipated into the air each day. As soon as the water is lost to the atmosphere, it becomes unavailable for human use.

A Satellite Ratemeter Circuit, Daniel P. Christman

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

It was proposed that an attempt be made to measure the directional energy of high-energy primary gamma radiations in space. The difficulties of such an effort are readily obvious. To escape the environmental air envelope of the earth and to lessen the interference of secondary radiations, an instrument package would have to placed into a known orbital trajectory.

A Telemetering Inclinometer, Robert G. Geil

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

In present day experiments in Atmospheric Physics, information from the experiment is sometimes telemetered to observers located at positions remote from the apparatus. To obtain data from the stratosphere an instrument package may be sent aloft suspended from balloons. It is often desirable to know the azimuthal orientation of the instrument package.

To achieve this purpose a rotating ring magnetometer has been developed at the University of New Mexico to measure azimuthal orientation using the earth's magnetic field for a reference. This is sufficient for many purposes. However, due to the wind currents the package suspended beneath the balloon may …

A Study Of The Problems Involved In Measuring The Angular Momentum Of Microwave Radiation, Otis Kenley Wolfe Jr.

Doctoral Dissertations

Angular momentum will be defined below for material bodies and in Chapter II for electromagnetic radiation. The transfer of angular momentum from either of these to the other can conceivably be detected and measured. In this chapter there is a general discussion of the problem. Details in history and theory along with the definition of angular momentum for electromagnetic radiation will be presented in the next two chapters.

Using A Density Gradient Column To Determine Wheat Density, Wendell R. Peters, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

A wheat kernel placed in a density gradient column will sink until it reaches the level where its average density is equal to that of the liquid at that level. Knowing the density of the liquid as a function of height, one can measure accurately the density of the kernel to three decimal places in about 1 to 2 minutes per kernel. Kernel density ranged from a maximum of 1.416 at 7.5% moisture to a minimum of 1.255 g./cm.³ at 18.5% moisture, for the samples tested. Kernels of a homogeneously selected sample of hard spring wheat (Lee) varied in …

The Magnetic Pole In The Formulation Of Electricity And Magnetism, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

The use of the magnetic pole in the development of the concepts of electricity and magnetism leads unambiguously to a relativistic formulation of the field vectors which is well within the grasp of the sophomore student. The development is wholly consistent with Maxwell's equations and leads to clear and understandable definitions of the field vectors both in vacuum and in the material medium, as well as to the relations defining the transformations of the field vectors.

Effects Of Surface Roughness On The Intensity Distribution Of Light Reflected From Aluminum Surfaces, Harvey N. Wingfield

Master's Theses

Only over the past few years have investigations of the intensity distribution of the light reflected from materials been attempted. Most of these investigations have been done by personnel at the National Bureau of Standards on matt surfaces, and acid etched black glass. It should be noted that separate investigations in the two fields, the methods of analysis of a surface's topography and the intensity distribution of reflected light from different materials have been and still are being performed. However, most correlations which exist between a surface's topography and its optical effects such as reflectance, intensity, absorption, and transmission are …

Variation Of Sensitized Fluorescence With Penetration Depth Of Incident 2537a Radiation, George Grayson Robinson

Masters Theses

"An investigation of the sensitized fluorescence of a thallium and mercury mixture using a variable depth cell and photomultiplier type of detection is discussed. Data are given to indicate the variation of the intensity of the 3519A thallium line as a function of thallium temperature, as a function of mercury temperature, and as a function of cell depth. Explanations of results require the use of generally accepted ideas concerning energy transfer, emission, and absorption."

A Matrix Formulation Of The Least-Squares Method And Its Application To Nuclear Decay Schemes, Otto Harry Otteson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Many people call physics an ''exact science". This may be true depending on our definition of exact. Most dictionaries include as a definition of exact the words "strictly accurate". The average man thinks of an "exact science" as one which yields "strictly accurate'' results. Physics then is exact only to a degree.

The Visibility Of An Object In A Space Environment, Dennis J. Martin

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

A Study Of Duffing's Equation, Charles Kirby Murch

Masters Theses

"The unforced cases of Duffing's equation and the equation of the simple pendulum are considered by imposing certain conditions on a linear partial differential equation. Geometrical arguments are presented which lead to solutions of the special cases considered.

Undetermined functions of integration in the solutions limit their use to the approximation of systems with small non-linearity"--Abstract, page ii.

Neutron Flux Mapping Of The Msm Reactor, Cary Chow-Yuen Chen

Masters Theses

"This investigation presents a mean to determine thermal neutron flux of a reactor by irradiating copper wires inside the fuel elements. The activity recorded after decay correction, is the relative thermal neutron density. Thermal neutron flux is a measure of the neutron density at thermal energy, 0.025 ev.

Gold foils irradiated at National Bureau of Standards were used as the absolute neutron flux calibration standards. The average flux of the reactor with water as the reflector ranges from 7.24 x 10¹⁰ neutrons/cm² - sec. to 7.87 x 10¹⁰ neutrons/cm² - sec. as obtained from the calculations. …

Glass-To-Sapphire End Window Seals, Edward E. Stepp, Richard A. Anderson

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

SAPPHIRE windows have been used in laboratory devices where radiation from the ultraviolet through the infrared must be transmitted. Sapphire windows have been valuable in chambers which contain the alkali metals, for the alkali metals are known to react with Pyrex 7740 glass and quartz leaving them pitted and darkened. This paper is a report on an improved glass-to-sapphire end window seal.

Angular Distribution Of Satellite Scintillation, Joseph Kunkle Alexander

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

"Invariant Imbedding" And Wave Propagation In Inhomogeneous Media, Crawford J. Maccallum

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

We wish now to address ourselves to that problem which can be described in physical terms as the reflection and transmission of "waves" by and through some sort of "transition region" between two homogeneous media. At this stage we will work strictly within one dimension; later on this severe restriction will be somewhat eased. For simplicity of notation we will for the present give the transition region a finite thickness h; later on we will often allow h to become infinite when the disturbance due to the transition region dies away fast enough with distance.

Transverse Mass And Gravitational Mass, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

A problem suggested by Professor Gamow deals with the relationship between the transverse mass and the gravitational mass: A steamroller of mass m moves horizontally, in the +x direction, with velocity v, in a region of space in which there is a gravitational field intensity g vertically downward. Find the weight of the moving steamroller.

A Note On K-Commutative Matrices, D. W. Robinson

Faculty Publications

Let A and B be square matrices over a field in which the minimum polynomial of A is completely reducible. It is shown that A is k commutative with respect to B for some non-negative integer k if and only if B commutes with every principal idempotent of A. The proof is brief, simplifying much of the previous study of k-commutative matrices. The result is also used to generalize some well-known theorems on finite matrix commutators that involve a complex matrix and its transposed complex conjugate.

Long-Range Particles From Nuclear Fission, Ralph A. Nobles

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

This work is concerned with experimental observations of the long-range particles which are occasionally emitted by fissioning nuclei. These particles are known to be principally alpha particles and are of interest because they are associated with the configuration of the nucleus at the crucial time of scission. Observations were made of the energy spectra of long-range particles by means of a thallium-activated multiple CsI crystal scintillator device.

4th Annual Rocky Mountain Spectroscopy Conference

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Abstracts of papers presented at the 4th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Spectroscopy Conference, sponsored by the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Denver, Colorado, August 10-11, 1961.

Coulomb Excitation With Heavy Ions, Rogers Charles Ritter

Doctoral Dissertations

Summary: The work for this thesis began with a study, on the ORNL 200-kev Cockcroft-Walton, of the possible use of the radio frequency ion source for multiply charged heavy ion production. When the results of this seemed unfavorable for the intended research, a PIG type ion source was designed and tested. It was capable of supplying usable quantities of Ne³⁺ ions, and was installed and used in the ORNL 5.5 Mv Van de Graaff accelerator.

Multiply-charged components from the PIG source were not as copious as those from several larger PIG sources that had been reported as having been …

The Theoretical Analysis Of Vibrations Of Chain Molecules, Suc Kyuen Suh

Doctoral Dissertations

Introduction: In this dissertation we shall be concerned with the vibrational spectra of large chain molecules.

Investigation Of The Platinum-Rich Portion Of The Platinum-Tantalum Phase Diagram, Bob Dean Browning

Theses and Dissertations

The Pt-Ta binary system was investigated at two isotherms;1000°C and 1500°C, and at eleven alloy compositions in the range of 50 to 100 atomic percent platinum. The alloys were examined by x-ray diffraction and metallography. Three intermetallic compounds, Pt₂Ta, Pt₃Ta, and Pt₄Ta were found to exist in this composition range. The Pt₄Ta intermetallic appeared only at the 1500°C isotherm. Platinum dissolved tantalum substitutionally to 90 atomic percent at 1500 °C and to approximately 80 atomic percent at 1000 °C.

Hardness And Moisture Content Of Wheat Kernels, Robert Katz, N. D. Collins, A. B. Cardwell

Robert Katz Publications

The hardness of kernel sections of hard red winter and soft white winter wheat and durum wheat decreased with increasing moisture content. Small variations in hardness with variety and test plot location were detected.

The Carrier-Recombination Behavior And Annealing Properties Of Radiation-Induced Recombination Centers In Germanium, Orlie Lindsey Curtis Jr.

Doctoral Dissertations

An investigation has been made of the carrier-recombination behavior and annealing properties of radiation-induced recombination centers in germanium. In order to analyze the recombination behavior, it has been necessary to treat the problem of recombination in the presence of trapping. A model which explains the experimental results in both n- and p-type material for various sorts of irradiation is presented. On the basis of this model, recombination occurs at an energy level 0.36 ev above the valence band in gamma-irradiated, n- type germanium. The position of this level is shifted slightly downward for neutron-irradiated material. An energy level apparently present …

A Calibration Method For Satellite Cerenkov Instrumentals, Robert E. Dekinder Jr.

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

The problem posed for this thesis is one of determining a method of calibrating a photomultiplier tube when it is contained in an orbiting instrumentation package. Since it is planned for the satellite to remain in orbit for about two years, a method to determine drift of the telemetered output versus the selected radiation input would be very desirable. This drift could arise from changes in the power supplied to the system, or by the telemetering or logic circuits changing characteristics from exposure to cosmic radiation. The situation requires that light of constant intensity be produced in the "field of …

Quantum Kinetic Equations For Plasmas And Radiation; Part Ii. Cyclotron Instabilities In A Bounded Plasma, Philip B. Burt

Masters Theses

The procedure for obtaining "kinetic" equations for internal distribution functions of a system was first developed by Bogoliubov* (1) in his study of.the properties of un-ionized gases. Bogoliubov also indicated some of the problems which would be encountered in a similar development for systems interacting through long-range Coulomb forces . Born and Green (3) , Kirkwood and collaborators (13, 25) and Yvon (37 ) also studied classical and quantum systems, using techniques similar to those developed by Bogolilibov. However, they too were primarily interested in un-ionized gases and liquids. Recently, Rosenbluth and Rostoker (26) derived kinetic equations for a classical …

The Wavelength Shifting Of Cerenkov Radiation, Philip A. Deutchman

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

The main interest in this paper is to study the effect of the florescent wavelength shifter "POPOP" with respect to Cerenkov radiation and to determine how the efficiency of a Cerenkov counter is affected.

Angular Distribution Of Electrons In Extensive Air Showers, Don D. Laniewski

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

Electrons are the main products of an extensive air shower and comprise approximately 90% of the shower. Since these electrons are the most numerous particles near the axis of a large shower and are not easily detected, extensive air showers are most easily studied by means of the electronic component. Thus, whatever concern there may be about the nucleonic cascade of which the electron is an outgrowth, it is necessary first to understand the development of the electronic component and is lateral and angular distribution. Also, for the correct analysis of any experimental data, it is of particular importance to …

An Analysis Of Bursting Bubbles At Liquid Surfaces, Keith James Gilbert

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

This phenomenon of the spray produced by bursting bubbles at liquid surfaces is certainly familiar to drinkers of carbonated soda pop, champagne and other effervescent liquids. This same phenomenon has been observed at ocean surfaces. Small bubbles, some of which originate at great depths, rise to the surface and break; tiny droplet is thrown upward from most of the imploding bubbles. Some of these droplets may be caught and carried into the atmosphere by winds sweeping along the surface. The droplets evaporate but leave small particles of salt suspended in the air; the particles then serve as condensation nuclei and …