Physics Commons^™

Azimuthal Anisotropy Of Different Quark-Flavored Particles In High Energy "Simulated" Proton-Proton Collisions, Mahmoud Rateb

Theses and Dissertations

Anisotropic flow in high energy heavy-ion collisions is taken as a key evidence for the formation of QGP for brief seconds right after the collisions. Hydrodynamic models including QGP formation are accurate at predicting the azimuthal anisotropy of the produced particles at low transverse momenta. At high momenta however, hydrodynamic models predict no azimuthal anisotropy for particles of different masses and quark-flavors; the logic being that because of their high momenta, the particles pass through the media without having any time to have any reactivity. This is contrary to results from experiments where measurements of particles of different quark flavors ...

Novel Compact Magnetless Isolator Based On A Magneto-Optical Garnet Material, Gianni Portela, Miguel Levy, Hugo E. Hernandez-Figueroa

Michigan Tech Publications

A compact magnetless isolator for optical communication systems based on a ring resonator with an outer layer made of silicon and an inner layer made of a magneto-optical material that does not require an external magnet to keep its magnetization saturated is suggested. Three-dimensional computational simulations of the device performed with the full-wave electromagnetic solver COMSOL Multiphysics show that the insertion loss and isolation levels are about −1.9 dB and −23 dB, respectively, thus confirming the feasibility of the isolator. An analytical model of the device based on the temporal coupled-mode theory method has been formulated and there is ...

Systems Level Analysis Of Organelle Biogenesis In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Kiandokht Panjtan Amiri

Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Eukaryotic cells contain hundreds of subcellular structures that serve different functions to maintain cellular homeostasis. A hallmark of Eukaryotic cells is its compartmentalization into membrane-bound organelles. One of the grand challenges in quantitative cell biology is understanding the precision with which cells assemble and maintain subcellular organelles. Despite identification of numerous molecular factors that regulate organelle sizes we lack insight into the quantitative principles underlying organelle size control. We examine organelle sizes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and human iPS cells with mathematical theory to show that cells can robustly control average fluctuations in organelle size. By demonstrating that organelle sizes obey ...

Bifurcations And Hysteresis In The Dynamics Of Small Populations Of Spherical Magnets, Peter T. Haugen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations

If you heat up some kinds of metals and then cool them down next to a magnet, they will be a magnet when they cool, but if they cool down away from a magnet, they will just be a lump of metal. This is an example of hysteresis and it’s very important for lots of technology. Another example of hysteresis might be a water tower pump that turns on when the tower is nearly empty and keeps going until the tower is nearly full. Whether or not the pump is on when the tower is half full depends on ...

Temperature Dependent Density Of States Models And Compiled Data For Radiation Induced Conductivity, Jodie Gillespie

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Radiation Induced Conductivity (RIC) is the change in conductivity of a material due to bombardment from incident high energy radiation. RIC has consistently been found to follow a standard power law relation, ��������(��)=��������(��)��∆(��), between conductivity, �������� and adsorbed dose rate, ��. ��������(��) and ∆(��) are material dependent parameters. Previous RIC models were developed in the ��→0 limit. Now expanded models are developed in the low temperature limit (within a few ������ of the effective Fermi level) by approximating the Fermi-Dirac equation within a few ������ of the effective Fermi level. Derivations are based on seven density of states (DOS) models for highly disordered insulating materials: three monotonically ...

Investigating Atmospheric Gravity Waves Using 3-Dimensional Spectral Analysis, Kenneth I. Zia

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Atmospheric gravity waves (GW) are generated from the ground and go into the upper layers of the atmosphere where space begins. These waves have strong effects on the temperature and circulation of the Earth’s atmosphere. The temperature changes caused by these waves are observed through special cameras looking at light that the Earth’s atmosphere naturally emit at night. One of these cameras is placed at McMurdo Station, Antarctica where the long nights are used to see these waves longer than anywhere else. The images captured there are automatically analyzed to determine wave properties to better understand how often ...

Graviweak Theory In Bicomformal Space, Mubarak Ukashat

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations

There are four basic forces in nature: the electromagnetic force, which accounts for interactions of particles with charges; the weak force, which is responsible for radioactive decay; the strong force, which holds the particles inside a nucleus tightly bound together; and the gravitational force, which is responsible for keeping us on our beautiful planet, Earth and holding together our entire solar system. Physicists have been on the hunt for a theory that can single-handedly explain all these forces under the same underlying mathematical formulation. So far, physicists have suceeded in unifying the electromagnetic and weak forces in what is called ...

Evaluating Accuracy Of Solar Ground Station System Data, Emad Jaleel Mahdi, Ali K. Resen, Ahmed B. Khamees, Mudar Ahmed Abdulsattar

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The solar radiation data is crucial for many solar applications. In this regard, this manuscript analyzed and compared the correctness of ground station data with data from the PVGIS. Empirical equations were adopted to build software. This software calculates the global, direct, diffuse, and rates of solar radiation data on two axes. The result of the analysis was employed to assess the compatibility, dependability, and confidence of these types of data. The comparison showed that vastly variations in some curves from dawn to sunset. In sum, every site exhibit variation in solar radiation station rates. These results could serve as ...

General Relativity With Applications To Astrophysics / Relativistic Astrophysics, Chandrachur Chakraborty Dr.

Basic Science Collection

I'm currently working on the various aspects of the following research topics: (i) Lense-Thirring Effect in strong gravitational fields, Spin precession, Black hole/Naked singularity shadow ; (ii) Theoretical aspects & the corresponding observational implications of Kerr black holes/naked singularities, Kerr-Taub-NUT spacetime & Gravitomagnetic monopole theory, Neutron star, Wormholes (iii) Gravitational waves (theory), Analogue Models of Gravity (iv) High energy astrophysical phenomena: Relativistic accretion, Tilted accretion disc, Bardeen-Petterson effect, Quasi-periodic-oscillations, Relativistic jets, Blandford-Znajek mechanism, Magnetic Penrose process, Gravitational Faraday rotation.

1. https://journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevD.105.064072
2. https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/8/3/193
3. https://link ...

Exploring Membrane Binding Targets Of Disordered Human Tau Aggregates On Lipid Rafts Using Multiscale Molecular Dynamics Simulations, Kwan H. Cheng, Angela Graf, Amber Lewis, Thuong Pham, Aakriti Acharya

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Research

The self-aggregation of tau, a microtubule-binding protein, has been linked to the onset of Alzheimer’s Disease. Recent studies indicate that the disordered tau aggregates, or oligomers, are more toxic than the ordered fibrils found in the intracellular neurofibrillary tangles of tau. At present, details of tau oligomer interactions with lipid rafts, a model of neuronal membranes, are not known. Using molecular dynamics simulations, the lipid-binding events, membrane-damage, and protein folding of tau oligomers on various lipid raft surfaces were investigated. Tau oligomers preferred to bind to the boundary domains (Lod) created by the coexisting liquid-ordered (Lo) and liquid-disordered (Ld ...

Compilation Optimizations To Enhance Resilience Of Big Data Programs And Quantum Processors, Travis D. Lecompte

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Modern computers can experience a variety of transient errors due to the surrounding environment, known as soft faults. Although the frequency of these faults is low enough to not be noticeable on personal computers, they become a considerable concern during large-scale distributed computations or systems in more vulnerable environments like satellites. These faults occur as a bit flip of some value in a register, operation, or memory during execution. They surface as either program crashes, hangs, or silent data corruption (SDC), each of which can waste time, money, and resources. Hardware methods, such as shielding or error correcting memory (ECM ...

Experimental Evidence That Shear Bands In Metallic Glasses Nucleate Like Cracks, Alan A. Long, Wendelin Wright, Xiaojun Gu, Anna Thackray, Mayisha Nakib, Jonathan T. Uhl, Karin A. Dahmen

Faculty Journal Articles

Highly time-resolved mechanical measurements, modeling, and simulations show that large shear bands in bulk metallic glasses nucleate in a manner similar to cracks. When small slips reach a nucleation size, the dynamics changes and the shear band rapidly grows to span the entire sample. Smaller nucleation sizes imply lower ductility. Ductility can be increased by increasing the nucleation size relative to the maximum (“cutoff”) shear band size at the upper edge of the power law scaling range of their size distribution. This can be achieved in three ways: (1) by increasing the nucleation size beyond this cutoff size of the ...

College Of Natural Sciences Newsletter, September & October 2022, College Of Natural Sciences

College of Natural Sciences Newsletters and Reports

Volume 3, Issue 6

Page 1 Dean's Message
Page 2 Awards & Recognition
Page 3 Midwest Regional ACS Meeting
Page 4 North Central ASM Meeting
Page 5 Geography Department Travel
Page 6-7 Media Coverage of CNS
Page 7 REMAST Program at SDState receives national spotlight
Page 8 Celebrating the lives of those who touched the College
Page 9 Innovative Learning Spaces
Page 10 Open PRAIRIE Data
Page 11 2022 CNS Scholarship Brunch
Page 12-14 Fall 2022 Outreach Events

Optimizing Switching Of Non-Linear Properties With Hyperbolic Metamaterials, James A. Ethridge, John G. Jones, Manuel R. Ferdinandus, Michael J. Havrilla, Michael A. Marciniak

Faculty Publications

Hyperbolic metamaterials have been demonstrated to have special potential in their linear response, but the extent of their non-linear response has not been extensively modeled or measured. In this work, novel non-linear behavior of an ITO/SiO₂ layered hyperbolic metamaterial is modeled and experimentally confirmed, specifically a change in the sign of the non-linear absorption with intensity. This behavior is tunable and can be achieved with a simple one-dimensional layered design. Fabrication was performed with physical vapor deposition, and measurements were conducted using the Z-scan technique. Potential applications include tunable optical switches, optical limiters, and tunable components of laser ...

Influence Of Surface Water Displacement On Solvation Thermodynamics, Mia Kim

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Symmetry Breaking Effects In Low-Dimensional Quantum Systems, Ke Wang

Doctoral Dissertations

Quantum criticality in low-dimensional quantum systems is known to host exotic behaviors. In quantum one-dimension (1D), the emerging conformal group contains infinite generators, and conformal techniques, e.g., operator product expansion, give accurate and universal descriptions of underlying systems. In quantum two-dimension (2D), the electronic interaction causes singular corrections to Fermi-liquids characteristics. Meanwhile, the Dirac fermions in topological 2D materials can greatly enrich emerging phenomena. In this thesis, we study the symmetry-breaking effects of low-dimensional quantum criticality. In 1D, we consider two cases: time-reversal symmetry (TRS) breaking in the Majorana conformal field theory (CFT) and the absence of conformal symmetry ...

Anomalous Transport, Quasiperiodicity, And Measurement Induced Phase Transitions, Utkarsh Agrawal

Doctoral Dissertations

With the advent of the noisy-intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) era quantum computers are increasingly becoming a reality of the near future. Though universal computation still seems daunting, a great part of the excitement is about using quantum simulators to solve fundamental problems in fields ranging from quantum gravity to quantum many-body systems. This so-called second quantum revolution rests on two pillars. First, the ability to have precise control over experimental degrees of freedom is crucial for the realization of NISQ devices. Significant progress in the control and manipulation of qubits, atoms, and ions, as well as their interactions, has not ...

Explorer 14 Magnetron Sputterer (Pvd-05) Standard Operating Procedure, Mohsen Azadi, Jason Alexander Röhr

Standard Operating Procedures

Standard Operating Procedure for the Explorer 14 Magnetron Sputterer (PVD-05) located at the Quattrone Nanofabrication Facility within the Singh Center for Nanotechnology at the University of Pennsylvania

Controlling Electro-Magnetic Functionality Of Ruthenates By Heterostructure Design, Zeeshan Ali

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Perovskite oxides (ABO₃) show wide range of functionalities originating from interplay of structural, spin, charge, and orbital degrees of freedoms. The bulk perovskite structure could be controlled via conventional chemical substitution, though exploiting heterostructure engineering novel ground states could be observed which otherwise are absent in bulk. In this thesis, the interest is to explore the electro-magnetic phenomena as complex oxides are confined in heterostructures.

I first investigate electromagnetic properties of ultrathin epitaxial ruthenate: SrRuO₃ (SRO); spatially confined between SrTiO₃ (STO) i.e., STO⁵-SROⁿ-STO⁵ with n = 1- and 2-unit cells. It is ...

Remote Surface Optical Phonon Scattering In Ferroelectric Ba0.6Sr0.4Tio3 Gated Graphene, Hanying Chen, Tianlin Li, Yifei Hao, Anil Rajapitamahuni, Zhiyong Xiao, Stefan Schoeche, Mathias Schubert, Xia Hong

Xia Hong Publications

We report the effect of remote surface optical (RSO) phonon scattering on carrier mobility in monolayer graphene gated by ferroelectric oxide. We fabricate monolayer graphene transistors back-gated by epitaxial (001) Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 films, with field effect mobility up to 23,000 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ achieved. Switching ferroelectric polarization induces nonvolatile modulation of resistance and quantum Hall effect in graphene at low temperatures. Ellipsometry spectroscopy studies reveal four pairs of optical phonon modes in Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃, from which we extract RSO phonon frequencies. The temperature dependence of resistivity in graphene can ...