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Articles 64411 - 64440 of 70834

Full-Text Articles in Psychology

Developmental Factors In Visual Search: The Inhibition Deficit Hypothesis In A Feature-Integration Task, Stacy M. Forbes '94 Jan 1994

Developmental Factors In Visual Search: The Inhibition Deficit Hypothesis In A Feature-Integration Task, Stacy M. Forbes '94

Honors Projects

One of the most robust findings in cognitive functioning is that the elderly are more easily distracted by irrelevant information. This inhibition-deficit hypothesis may be useful in explaining older adults' deficits in visual search tasks. Treisman's Feature Integration Theory suggests that there are two ways to visually process information: parallel processing, an automatic process that does not require directed attention, and serial processing, which does. This study provides evidence for the role of inhibitory processes (and therefore frontal lobe involvement) in serial, but not parallel search. Six and ten year old children, undergraduate students, and elderly subjects participated in the …

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Behavior And Thought Change After A Self-Improvement Program: Studying The Effects Of Environmental And Other Factors On The Transfer Of Training, Jennifer Bernstein '94 Jan 1994

Behavior And Thought Change After A Self-Improvement Program: Studying The Effects Of Environmental And Other Factors On The Transfer Of Training, Jennifer Bernstein '94

Honors Projects

This study tested the attitude-behavior relationship and transfer of training on a specific training program -The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People. It is a self-improvement program designed to improve. such things as: interpersonal relationships, time management skills, and concentrating only on what one can change. The subjects were 84 BroMenn Healthcare employees signed up to take the training program. Both groups were given a pre-and post-test consisting of four parts: one's behaviors and thoughts (including questions on locus of control), countertraining, and two parts of the Personal Strain Questionnaire. It was found that a low pre-test countertraining score did …

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Burnout, Social Support, And Coping In Crisisline Volunteers, Lisa Beal '94 Jan 1994

Burnout, Social Support, And Coping In Crisisline Volunteers, Lisa Beal '94

Honors Projects

This study examined the relationship among burnout, social support, and coping in volunteers. In this study, 30 volunteers from Rape Crisis Center of Bloomington, Illinois, anonymously completed four questionnaires: the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the UCLA Social Support Inventory, a coping survey, and a demographic survey. The Maslach Burnout Inventory contains three subscales, Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Personal Accomplishment. A question is asked on the demographic questionnaire regarding the respondent's perception of the turnover rate among the volunteers of the group. This response was correlated with the three subscales of the burnout measure in order to establish if perception of turnover …

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Gender And The Meaning Of Difference: Postmodernism And Psychology, Rachel T. Hare-Mustin , '49, Jeanne Marecek Jan 1994

Gender And The Meaning Of Difference: Postmodernism And Psychology, Rachel T. Hare-Mustin , '49, Jeanne Marecek

Psychology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

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Psychotherapy And Counseling With Minorities: A Cognitive Approach To Individual And Cultural Differences, By Manuel Ramirez Iii, Lisa E. Johnson, Geoffrey L. Thorpe Jan 1994

Psychotherapy And Counseling With Minorities: A Cognitive Approach To Individual And Cultural Differences, By Manuel Ramirez Iii, Lisa E. Johnson, Geoffrey L. Thorpe

Psychology Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Responding To Sexual Discrimination: The Effects Of Societal Versus Self-Blame, Mindi D. Foster, Kimberley Matheson, Megan Poole Jan 1994

Responding To Sexual Discrimination: The Effects Of Societal Versus Self-Blame, Mindi D. Foster, Kimberley Matheson, Megan Poole

Psychology Faculty Publications

While self-blame has been considered to be a useful coping tool for victims, its benefits within the context of group discrimination are equivocal. The present research hypothesized that women encouraged to engage in self-blame for sex discrimination would be more likely to endorse accepting their situation or endorse the use of individual, normative actions. In contrast, women encouraged to engage in societal blame for sex discrimination would be more likely to participate in non-normative actions aimed at enhancing the status of the group as a whole. Female students in Canada were subjected to a situation of discrimination and were encouraged …

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"A Nation Of Thieves": Securing Black People's Right To Shop And To Sell In White America, Regina Austin Jan 1994

"A Nation Of Thieves": Securing Black People's Right To Shop And To Sell In White America, Regina Austin

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Social Control And Morale Within The Virginia Department Of State Police, Andrew Herbert Engemann Jan 1994

Social Control And Morale Within The Virginia Department Of State Police, Andrew Herbert Engemann

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

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In Slime And Darkness: The Metaphor Of Filth In Criminal Justice, Martha Grace Duncan Jan 1994

In Slime And Darkness: The Metaphor Of Filth In Criminal Justice, Martha Grace Duncan

Faculty Articles

An article such as this one, which seeks to examine the labyrinthine chains of meanings that we associate with illegal behavior, cries out for an interdisciplinary approach. Specifically, it demands a source that can reveal our unconscious as well as our conscious associations. Such a source is classical literature -- works of fiction that, by virtue of being read and loved through centuries and across continents, have proven their capacity to strike a responsive chord in their readers. Therefore, in Part II of this Article, I employ the classics, supplemented by occasional examples from contemporary fiction, history, and theology, to …

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Competence During Middle Childhood, J. M. Neiderhiser, Shirley Mcguire Jan 1994

Competence During Middle Childhood, J. M. Neiderhiser, Shirley Mcguire

Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Nonshared Environment In Middle Childhood, Shirley Mcguire, J. Dunn Jan 1994

Nonshared Environment In Middle Childhood, Shirley Mcguire, J. Dunn

Psychology

No abstract provided.

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On The Perceptual Organization Of Speech, Robert E. Remez, Philip E. Rubin, Stefanie M. Berns, Jennifer Pardo, Jessica M. Lang Jan 1994

On The Perceptual Organization Of Speech, Robert E. Remez, Philip E. Rubin, Stefanie M. Berns, Jennifer Pardo, Jessica M. Lang

Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

A general account of auditory perceptual organization has developed in the past 2 decades. It relies on primitive devices akin to the Gestalt principles of organization to assign sensory elements to probable groupings and invokes secondary schematic processes to confirm or to repair the possible organization. Although this conceptualization is intended to apply universally, the variety and arrangement of acoustic constituents of speech violate Gestalt principles at numerous junctures, cohering perceptually, nonetheless. The authors report 3 experiments on organization in phonetic perception, using sine wave synthesis to evade the Gestalt rules and the schematic processes alike. These findings falsify a …

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Mood And Memory From A Logical Learning Theory Perspective: Effects Of Idiographic Rating Versus Mood Induction, Thomas P. Phelan Jan 1994

Mood And Memory From A Logical Learning Theory Perspective: Effects Of Idiographic Rating Versus Mood Induction, Thomas P. Phelan

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

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Psychiatric Comorbidity In Alcohol Use Disorders : Its Influence On Alcohol Related Consequences, Eileen Norton Jan 1994

Psychiatric Comorbidity In Alcohol Use Disorders : Its Influence On Alcohol Related Consequences, Eileen Norton

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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Individual Differences In The Cognitive Abilities Of Chimpanzees, Sarah T. Boysen Jan 1994

Individual Differences In The Cognitive Abilities Of Chimpanzees, Sarah T. Boysen

Psychology Collection

No abstract provided.

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The Association Between Mood States And Physical Activity In Postmenopausal Obese, Sedentary Women, Robert Albert Carels, Bonnie Berger, Lynn Darby Jan 1994

The Association Between Mood States And Physical Activity In Postmenopausal Obese, Sedentary Women, Robert Albert Carels, Bonnie Berger, Lynn Darby

Psychology Faculty Publications

Mood states influence evaluative judgments that can affect the decision to exercise or to continue to exercise.

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Center For Psychological Studies Catalog 1994-1995, Nova Southeastern University Jan 1994

Center For Psychological Studies Catalog 1994-1995, Nova Southeastern University

CPS Postgraduate Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

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Clinical Psychology Ph.D./Psy.D, Nova Southeastern University Jan 1994

Clinical Psychology Ph.D./Psy.D, Nova Southeastern University

CPS Postgraduate Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

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M.S. Degree In Clinical Psychopharmacology Fly-In Program Designed For Clinical Psychologists, Nova Southeastern University Jan 1994

M.S. Degree In Clinical Psychopharmacology Fly-In Program Designed For Clinical Psychologists, Nova Southeastern University

CPS Postgraduate Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

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M.S. Degree In Mental Health Counseling, Nova Southeastern University Jan 1994

M.S. Degree In Mental Health Counseling, Nova Southeastern University

CPS Postgraduate Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

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Psychology Internship Program 1994, Nova Southeastern University Jan 1994

Psychology Internship Program 1994, Nova Southeastern University

CPS Postgraduate Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

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Master's Programs In Metal Health Counseling And School Guidance Counseling Policies And Procedures Handbook 1994-1995, Nova Southeastern University Jan 1994

Master's Programs In Metal Health Counseling And School Guidance Counseling Policies And Procedures Handbook 1994-1995, Nova Southeastern University

CPS Postgraduate Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

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Doctoral Studies Family Therapy School Of Social And Systemic Studies, Nova Southeastern University Jan 1994

Doctoral Studies Family Therapy School Of Social And Systemic Studies, Nova Southeastern University

CPS Postgraduate Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

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Attributional Style Of African-American Adolescents, Stephen B. Hillman, Paula C. Wood, Shlomo S. Sawilowsky Jan 1994

Attributional Style Of African-American Adolescents, Stephen B. Hillman, Paula C. Wood, Shlomo S. Sawilowsky

Theoretical and Behavioral Foundations of Education Faculty Publications

This study ascertains how positive and negative life events are viewed by stigmatized youngsters. The causal attributions of a sample of 139 at -risk AfricanAmerican adolescents are analyzed in a doubly multivariate repeated measures design. These students were participants in either the federally funded Summer Training and Education Program or the Student Academic and Leadership Enhancement Program funded by the Detroit Compact. Previous research on these students indicated that they have higher than norm global self-concepts and their locus of control is more external than would be expected for their age. The findings of the current study suggest that the …

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Depression And Memory: Are Impairments Remediable Through Attentional Control?, Paula T. Hertel Jan 1994

Depression And Memory: Are Impairments Remediable Through Attentional Control?, Paula T. Hertel

Psychology Faculty Research

People who are in depressed mood states or who are formally diagnosed as clinically depressed frequently complain of impaired memory. Such complaints have been substantiated by laboratory research, most of which supports the theoretical assumption that attentional resources play a causal role in producing the impairments. Specific theoretical frameworks do differ, however, in the proposed nature of this role and in their corresponding implications for remediation. The most prevalent positions are versions of a capacity framework (e.g., cognitive effort or resource allocation). 1 If you are depressed, according to the capacity framework, your attentional resources are either reduced neurochemically or …

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Effects Of Alcohol And Expectancy Upon Episodic Memory In Individuals Reporting Alcoholic Blackouts, W. R. Miller, Paula T. Hertel, C. Saucedo, R. K. Hester Jan 1994

Effects Of Alcohol And Expectancy Upon Episodic Memory In Individuals Reporting Alcoholic Blackouts, W. R. Miller, Paula T. Hertel, C. Saucedo, R. K. Hester

Psychology Faculty Research

In a within-subject placebo design, 10 heavy drinkers reporting alcoholic blackouts showed significant decrements in episodic memory when receiving alcohol but not on days when a placebo was given. Parallel deficits were observed on recall and recognition measures. On placebo days, self-ratings of intoxication were related to the degree of observed performance decrement. Memory deficits appear to be primarily pharmacologic rather than expectancy effects of drinking.

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Depressive Deficits In Word Identification And Recall, Paula T. Hertel Jan 1994

Depressive Deficits In Word Identification And Recall, Paula T. Hertel

Psychology Faculty Research

Depressed and nondepressed adults rated positive, negative, and neutral nouns for their emotional value or their physical curvature. Next, they tried to identify previously rated and unrated words that were presented quite briefly and masked. Depressed subjects' identification showed a reduced effect of prior exposure in the curvature task but no deficit when words had been rated for emotion. On a subsequent test of free recall, both a depressive deficit and a rating effect obtained. These results suggest that depressed people are less likely to process beyond the requirements of the task.

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Emotionality In Free Recall: Language Specificity In Bilingual Memory, L. J. Anooshian, Paula T. Hertel Jan 1994

Emotionality In Free Recall: Language Specificity In Bilingual Memory, L. J. Anooshian, Paula T. Hertel

Psychology Faculty Research

Bilingual subjects (Spanish English) who had acquired fluency in their second language after 8 years of age rated 18 emotional and 18 neutral words for ease of pronunciation, implied activity, or emotionality; half of each type was presented in Spanish and half in English. During a subsequent, unexpected test of free recall subjects recalled more emotional than neutral words, but only for words that had been presented in the native language. This finding applied across native-language groups and suggests that emotion provides a basis for language specificity in bilingual memory.

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Depressive Deficits In Recognition: Dissociation Of Recollection And Familiarity, Paula T. Hertel, S. Milan Jan 1994

Depressive Deficits In Recognition: Dissociation Of Recollection And Familiarity, Paula T. Hertel, S. Milan

Psychology Faculty Research

Dysphoric and nondysphoric students (48 women and 24 men) participated in an experiment that was designed to separate automatic and controlled uses of memory in a modified recognition paradigm. First, they judged the relation of target words to paired words. Later they made recognition decisions on target items alone or in the context of the original paired item. The use of L.L. Jacoby's (1991) process dissociation procedure revealed depressive deficits in estimates of recollection but not in estimates of familiarity. The paired test improved recollection for all subjects and showed a trend in the direction of increased familiarity. These outcomes …

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Cultural Commitment And Attitudes Toward Seeking Counseling Services In African-Americans, Jessamine M. Montero Jan 1994

Cultural Commitment And Attitudes Toward Seeking Counseling Services In African-Americans, Jessamine M. Montero

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The purpose of this project was to explore possible relations between African-American acculturation level and attitudes of seeking professional psychological help. A sample of 120 African-American residents of Huntington, WV, completed survey questionnaires designed to assess: cultural commitment levels; attitudes toward counseling; and awareness of the Prestera Center for Mental Health Services, a local mental health center. Cultural commitment levels were assessed by self-ratings of African-Americans to the Anglo- and African-American cultures, and to the specific Huntington Anglo- and African-American cultures; respondants also rated their perceptions of mental health professionals' commitment levels to the Anglo-, African-, Huntington Anglo-, and Huntington …

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