Psychology Commons^™

"The Falling Man" As Viewed In The Lens Of The "Public Sphere", Laura Reinacher

Communication Studies

No abstract provided.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder In Maltreated Multiracial Youth, Harpreet Kaur

UNLV Theses/Dissertations/Professional Papers/Capstones

Lemos-Miller and Kearney (2006) first identified depression as a meditator of (1) dissociation and posttraumatic cognitions and (2) PTSD in maltreated children. In addition, they found that African American status weakened the mediating relationship, whereas multiracial status strengthened the mediating relationship. Multiracial youth in Lemos-Miller and Kearney's study experienced a stronger relationship between depression and PTSD than other ethnic groups.

The present study evaluated the Lemos-Miller and Kearney (2006) model of PTSD among a larger sample of multiracial youth. The present study sought to identify whether the Lemos-Miller and Kearney (2006) finding regarding multiracial youth could be replicated. The ...

An Analogue Study Of The Mechanism Of Change In Functional Analytic Psychotherapy, Cristal Elizabeth Weeks

Theses and Dissertations

The study attempted to isolate the mechanism of change of Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP) using non-clinical participants engaged in stable, cohabitating romantic relationships. Employing an analogue, concurrent, multiple-baseline A/A+B design, the A phase controlled for attendance, self-monitoring, instructions for increased engagement in interpersonal behaviors, and ongoing review of interpersonal behaviors. The A+B phase added a manualized FAP interaction emphasizing therapist contingent responding to in-vivo target behaviors. In addition, daily couple interactions were tracked using the Weeks Interpersonal Interaction Inventory (WIII). Targeted behaviors appeared to increase after introducing the manualized FAP interaction. Limitations and future considerations were also ...

The Influence Of Task Demands And Experience On Diagnostic Accuracy: Investigating The Assumptions Of A Default Interventionist Dual Systems Model, Sandra D. Monteiro

Open Access Dissertations and Theses

There are various dual process models of human cognition. While many models of cognitive control propose processes that are selected exclusively or in combination, a default-interventionist model of reasoning assumes that processing occurs in serial stages. System 1 processes are believed to recruit unconscious memory retrieval processes by default and precede System 2 processes (Evans & Stanovich, 2013; Kahneman, 2011). System 1 processes are also considered to be overly sensitive to the automatic influences of the environment and thereby also to various cognitive biases and errors; hence System 1 is inferior. On the other hand System 2, which represent conscious logic and normative ...

Context And Salience: The Role Of Dopamine In Reward Learning And Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Trent M. Toulouse

Open Access Dissertations and Theses

Evidence suggests that a change in the firing rate of dopamine (DA) cells is a major neurobiological correlate of learning. The Temporal Difference (TD) learning algorithm provides a popular account of the DA signal as conveying the error between expected and actual rewards. Other accounts have attempted to code the DA firing pattern as conveying surprise or salience. The DA mediated cells have also been implicated in several neuropsychological disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder and schizophrenia. Compelling neuropsychological explanations of the DA signal also frame it as conveying salience. A model-based reinforcement learning algorithm using a salience signal analogous ...

Obtaining A Diagnosis Of Fetal Alcohol Specrtum Disorder: Experiences Of Caregivers And Professionals, Erica R. Lundberg

Education Publications

The current study describes the lived experiences of stakeholders in a community-based fetal alcohol spectrum disorders assessment clinic. A qualitative methodology was used. Five participants, one caregiver and four professionals, were interviewed about their experiences. Six themes emerged from this process including: clinic organization: systemic strengths and challenges; attitudes and approach: laying the foundation; beyond yes or no: assessment and diagnosis; the moment of truth: delivering the diagnosis; outcomes: what happens after the diagnosis?; what does the future hold? next steps and needs. These themes formed a sequential story-telling of participant experience. Study results are critiqued and practical implications are ...

The Mediating Effect Of General Organizational Means-Efficacy In The Relationships Between Organizational Context And Employee Attitudes, Kevin Cobb

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

The current study examines the mediating role of General Organizational Means‑efficacy (GOME) in the relationships between organizational context and employee attitudes. The organizational context consists of leadership support, centralization, and emphasis on training and development; and employee attitudes consist of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and career outcomes. The purpose of this study is to reveal what contextual factors in an organization may affect employees’ perceptions of resources available and in turn affects employee attitudes. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze these relationships, and it was found that leadership support and an emphasis on training and development were positively ...

The Art Of Personal Science, Jeff Fajans

The STEAM Journal

Quantified Self isn’t really about finding answers or solving problems—it’s about asking new questions.

The Quantified Self, Behind The Cover Art, Leslie Love Stone

The STEAM Journal

We lead quantified lives. The information we send and receive through our computers, CD players, and smart phones is coded in ones and zeroes. We exist as numerical accounts, license numbers, and login IDs. Anyone who has ever waited on hold for a live customer service representative understands the desire to be treated like a person, not a number. We each want acceptance for our inherent peculiarities and consideration for our circumstance—conditions we believe extrinsic to numbers.

Passengers From India And The United States Have Differential Opinions About Autonomous Auto-Pilots For Commercial Flights, Stephen Rice, Keegan Kraemer, Scott R. Winter, Rian Mehta, Victoria Dunbar, Timothy G. Rosser, Julie C. Moore

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

There has been much previous research on cultural differences between the United States and India, as well as some research on consumer attitudes towards auto-pilots in commercial airlines. However, to date, there has been no research that examines how passengers from different countries feel about auto-pilots and remote-controlled (RC) pilots in commercial aircraft, or how they feel about their co-workers or children flying in these situations. The current study manipulates both the type of pilot (human pilot, auto-pilot, and RC pilot) and the passenger (participant, child of participant, or work colleague) and examines three different dependent variables (comfort level, trust ...

Curriculum Vitae, Judah J. Viola

Judah J. Viola, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

Body Dissatisfaction And Males: A Conceptual Model, Mitch Primus

Scholarly Horizons: University of Minnesota, Morris Undergraduate Journal

Within society it appears that dissatisfaction with one’s body is seen as a female-exclusive problem. However, limited research on men and body dissatisfaction suggests that men do experience body dissatisfaction, and these rates are increasing over time. The present literature review seeks to tie together consistent themes seen within these studies, and proposes a model based on these connections that may explain the growth in prevalence rates over time. Two theories, threatened masculinity theory and self-discrepancy theory, are also applied within the model. The model presented within this review can help give new direction to future research on men ...

Differences In The Identity Formation Process Of American Indian Adolescents In Urban And Reservation Contexts, Irene Churchill

Scholarly Horizons: University of Minnesota, Morris Undergraduate Journal

Currently, the majority of American Indians live in more urban and metropolitan environments. The differences in the way identity develops for American Indian adolescents is compared between growing up in an urban context and a reservation context. Two models are explained and applied to American Indian adolescents in these two settings, Oppedal’s Acculturation development model and Phinney and Baldelomar’s Cross-cultural Identity Status Model. According to the Acculturation development model, American Indian adolescents living on reservations likely have higher levels of interaction with their minority culture, therefore having higher levels of enculturation. Additionally, American Indian adolescents living in urban ...

Intuitions About Contract Formation, Tess Wilkinson-Ryan, David A. Hoffman

Faculty Scholarship

Legally, much depends on the moment that a negotiation becomes a deal. Unlike torts or civil procedure or any area of public law, the laws of promissory exchange only apply to parties who have manifested their assent to be bound. Even so, the moral norms of exchange and promise are quite firmly entrenched and more broadly applicable than just legal contracts. Norms of promise-keeping and reciprocity, interpersonal courtesy, community reputation—these kinds of intangible goods have real effects on contract behavior. For this reason it is especially surprising that intuitions about formation have gotten so little attention from legal and ...

The Nature And Nurture Of Intuition, Thomas Q. Sibley

Forum Lectures

Are people just innately good at mathematics or not? My teaching experience suggests mathematical ability is not just fate: Students develop their mathematical abilities by doing mathematics. In particular we discuss geometric intuition, its connection with geometric reasoning and the possibility of developing them, using examples to get the listeners actively thinking about their own geometric thinking.

Universal Design And Cognitions Of Choice: An Integrated Approach To Effective Substance Misuse Treatment Efforts, Clarissa E. Steffen Ed.D.

Faculty Scholarship (COE)

Having the ability to exercise critical thinking at a conscious level of choice versus impulsively responding may support the difference between health and continued substance misuse during periods of vulnerability. Cognitions of Choice offers twenty four critical thinking skills that are connected to three levels of developmental choice that engages self-dialog between automatic thinking, meta-thinking, and conscious thought patterns. By the time many individuals make their way into treatment and recovery programs the likelihood of their presenting with physical disabilities and mental health conditions is heightened. Incorporating the principles of Universal Design into program development allows for full access for ...

An Alternative To Cronbach's Alpha: An L-Moment-Based Measure Of Internal-Consistency Reliablilty, Todd C. Headrick, Yanyan Sheng

Todd Christopher Headrick

Data sets in the social and behavioral sciences are often small or heavy-tailed. Previous studies have demonstrated that small samples or leptokurtic distributions adversely affect the performance of Cronbach’s coefficient alpha. To address these concerns, we propose an alternative estimator of reliability based on L-comoments. The empirical results of this study demonstrate that when sample sizes are small and distributions are heavy-tailed that the proposed coefficient L-alpha has substantial advantages over the conventional Cronbach estimator of reliability in terms of relative bias and relative standard error (RSE).

The Homo [Not So] Economicus And The Law: A Critique Of Positive Theory Of Rational Choice In The Law [En Español], Daniel A. Monroy

Daniel A Monroy C

From the Behavioral Economics point of view, this paper presents a critic to one dimension of rational choice theory that is widely accepted by Law and Economics scholars. Our hypothesis is that (i) individuals deviate anomalously but predictably of normative assumption of rational choice. We suggests that, (ii) more than –unbounded– rational self interested individuals, in certain contexts, people tend to deviate from this normative behavior and also, tend to judge the behavior of other people, according to the consistency of these behaviors with a hypothetical situation commonly referred to as the "reference transaction".

Desde la perspectiva del Behavioral Economics ...

Towards Interprofessional Team Development: A Policy Paper Of The National Academies Of Practice, Mary E. Costanza Md, Marie A. Dicowden Phd, Constance F. Row Lfache

Journal of Interprofessional Healthcare

Abstract

Towards Interprofessional Team Development:

A Policy Paper of the National Academies of Practice (NAP)NAP believes that in order to achieve successful healthcare reform, America’s current health care system must move toward a more robust infrastructure of primary care and home and community-based services, move away from fragmentation to care coordination and focus on process as well as outcome accountability for patient care results.

Five recommendations are made to the federal agencies CMS and HRSA in order to highlight the changes to policy that need to be made in order to better promote interprofessional healthcare.

Assessing The Knowledge Level Of Social Service Professionals On Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (Ptsd): Creating Training Guides, Charles E. Lawrence, Ph.D., Geraldine L. Palmer Ph.D.

Online Journal for Workforce Education and Development

Objective: Creating training guides for social service workers to deliver more effective services for veterans with post-traumatic stress syndrome. Background: Effective service delivery for veterans with post-traumatic stress syndrome is often hampered by a lack of knowledge about how to identify the signs and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Appropriate training guides can provide integral benefits including: improved situational awareness, more accurate data gathered in the intake process, a reduction in veteran homelessness and prevention of chronic homelessness. Method: A pre-and post-test design was used to determine levels of knowledge guided by Bloom’s Taxonomy (1956). The study focused ...