Internal Medicine Commons^™

University Of Louisville International Travel Clinic: Pivoting During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Dawn Balcom, Subathra Marimuthu, Leslie A Wolf, Luanne Didelot, Sarah Tan, Daniel Hall, Ruth Carrico

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Long-Term Survival Of Older Patients Hospitalized For Covid-19. Do Clinical Characteristics Upon Admission Matter?, Michał Chojnicki, Agnieszka Neumann-Podczaska, Mikołaj Seostianin, Zofia Tomczak, Hamza Tariq, Jerzy Chudek, Sławomir Tobis, Iwona Mozer-Lisewska, Aleksandra Suwalska, Andrzej Tykarski, Piotr Merks, Sylwia Kropińska, Małgorzata Sobieszczańska, Frank Romanelli, Katarzyna Wieczorowska-Tobis

Pharmacy Practice and Science Faculty Publications

Older adults are particularly susceptible to COVID-19 in terms of both disease severity and risk of death. To compare clinical differences between older COVID-19 hospitalized survivors and non-survivors, we investigated variables influencing mortality in all older adults with COVID-19 hospitalized in Poznań, Poland, through the end of June 2020 (n = 322). In-hospital, post-discharge, and overall 180-day mortality were analyzed. Functional capacity prior to COVID-19 diagnosis was also documented. The mean age of subjects was 77.5 ± 10.0 years; among them, 191 were females. Ninety-five (29.5%) died during their hospitalization and an additional 30 (9.3%) during the post-discharge period …

Quality Of Life And Special Issues In Women With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Gabriel Constantinescu, Gina Gheorghe, Ecaterina Rinja, Oana Plotogea, Vasile Sandru, Andreea Butuc, Camelia Cristina Diaconu, Anca Macovei Oprescu, Bogdan Popa, Madalina Ilie

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Introduction. The impact of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) on the quality of life (QoL) of patients is significant and it has important social and professional consequences. Materials and methods. We aimed to describe the patients’ perspective regarding the impact of IBD on their overall QoL and to evaluate the differences between men and women. An observational cross-sectional study, that included 180 patients with IBD in clinical remission, was conducted. All the patients completed a number of 3 questionnaires in order to evaluate the general aspects of their QoL. A separate questionnaire was created regarding gender-specific issues in women …

Intestinal Dysbiosis – A New Treatment Target In The Prevention Of Colorectal Cancer, Florinela-Andrada Dumitru, Sergiu Ioan Micu, Roxana Emanuela Popoiag, Marilena Musat, Andreea Daniela Caloian, Valentin Calu, Vlad Denis Constantin, Daniela Gabriela Balan, Cornelia Nitipir, Florin Enache

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

The gastrointestinal microbiome contains at least 100 trillion microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi), whose distribution varies from the mouth to the rectum spatially and temporally throughout one's lifetime. The microbiome benefits from advancing research due to its major role in human health. Studies indicate that its functions are immunity, metabolic processes and mucosal barrier. The disturbances of these functions, dysbiosis, influence physiology, lead to diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity and colon tumorigenesis. The third most common form of cancer, colorectal cancer, is the result of many factors and genes, and although the link between dysbiosis and this type of cancer is …

Cellular Origins Of Egfr-Driven Lung Cancer Cells Determine Sensitivity To Therapy, Fan Chen, Jinpeng Liu, Robert M. Flight, Kassandra J. Naughton, Alexsandr Lukyanchuk, Abigail R Edgin, Xiulong Song, Haikuo Zhang, Kwok-Kin Wong, Hunter N. B. Moseley, Chi Wang, Christine F. Brainson

Toxicology and Cancer Biology Faculty Publications

Targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is one of the major precision medicine treatment options for lung adenocarcinoma. Due to common development of drug resistance to first- and second-generation TKIs, third-generation inhibitors, including osimertinib and rociletinib, have been developed. A model of EGFR-driven lung cancer and a method to develop tumors of distinct epigenetic states through 3D organotypic cultures are described here. It is discovered that activation of the EGFR T790M/L858R mutation in lung epithelial cells can drive lung cancers with alveolar or bronchiolar features, which can originate from alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells …

A Letter To M, Shifa Gandhi, Md

The Medicine Forum

A Letter to M

An Encounter With “The Difficult Patient”, Rabia Iqbal, Md

The Medicine Forum

On morning pre-rounds during my Methodist rotation, I was rushing to see all the patients in anticipation of the bolus of admissions that would be coming in soon. I spotted the gray and yellow cart near my patient’s door and opened the cart door while simultaneously trying to fit my handoff into a scrub pocket. I was about to knock on the door with my gown and gloves on, but my flimsy gown was falling so I ended up opening the door with my leg as I was retying it around my neck. The nurse down the hall briefly looked …

Evaluation Of Asthma Control In Patients With And Without Sinonasal Polyps Following Treatment With Biologic Agents, Prachi Patel, Chandala Chitguppi, Md, Alan Gandler, Md, Kira Murphy, Md, Tawfiq Khoury, Md, Stephanie Bork, Crnp, Pamela Monostra, Pa, Elina Toskala, Md, Phd, Mindy Rabinowitz, Md, Marc Rosen, Md, Gurston Nyquist, Md, Jessica Most, Md

The Medicine Forum

Background: The effects of biologics on severe asthmatics with chronic rhinosinusitis with sinonasal polyposis (CRSwNP) have not been well established. This study evaluates overall control of asthma in patients with and without sinonasal polyps following initiation of biologics therapy.

Methods: Retrospective review of patients with asthma treated with a biologic agent (benralizumab, omalizumab, dupilumab, mepolizumab) and CRSwNP. Charts were assessed for ACT scores at time of biologic enrollment and at 4-7 months.

Results:82 patients met inclusion criteria; 42 (52.5%) patients with asthma and 40 (47.5%) with concurrent sinonasal polyps. The average ACT score for the non-polyp cohort was 13.16 …

Increasing Patient Confidence In Managing Asthma Using Asthma Action Plans, Pankhuri Jha, Jessica F. Most, Md

The Medicine Forum

Asthma is a common illness affecting 8% of the US population and costing $81.9 billion per year.^1,2 Due to its chronic and variable nature, asthmatics need frequent medication adjustments, making management challenging for both physicians and patients. Studies show that patients can control their asthma using an asthma action plan (AAP), which includes directions for daily self-assessment, baseline medications and steps to facilitate detection and treatment of an exacerbation. Self-management education using AAPs is associated with a reduction in hospital admissions and ED visits by 40% and 20%, respectively.³ Despite evidence that AAPs are efficacious, the underlying reason …

Stemi In A Young Patient With Covid-19; Too Great A Burden?, Naman Upadhyay, Md, Gillian Naro, Md, Med, Gregary Marhefka, Md

The Medicine Forum

Myocardial infarcts (MIs) can be especially devastating when their pathogenesis stems from a coronary artery occlusion by an intracoronary thrombus (ICT). ICTs are most frequently a result of an underlying atherosclerotic plaque rupture, however, can also be a result of emboli, vasospasm, hypercoagulable states, among other etiologies. Patients suffering from the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) appear to be in both a hypercoagulable and proinflammatory state resulting in an increased risk of clot formation, endothelial damage, and plaque destabilization, thus increasing the ICT burden in infected patients.1 The literature does reflect an increase in ICT ST-segment elevation …

Pancreatic Plasmacytoma: A Rare Extramedullary Manifestation Of Multiple Myeloma, Justin Robbins, Md, Gregory Habig, Md

The Medicine Forum

Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell dyscrasia in which neoplastic plasma cells pathologically produce monoclonal immunoglobulin and infiltrate bone marrow throughout the skeletal system. The disease is classically characterized by bone pain caused by lytic bone lesions, marked increases in monoclonal antibodies in blood or urine, hypercalcemia, and other systemic signs and symptoms of malignancy including weight loss and night sweats. A rare variant of multiple myeloma presents with extramedullary plasmacytomas, or plasma cell tumors, which arise in organs outside of the bone marrow¹. The case presented here exhibits this disease variant, with a woman with severe multiple …

Idiopathic Retroperitoneal Fibrosis, Candace Derenge, Md

The Medicine Forum

Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRF) is a rare and unusual etiology of abdominal pain that is becoming more frequently diagnosed with the use of CT imaging for abdominal pain. Retroperitoneal fibrosis is characterized by the development of extensive fibrosis throughout the retroperitoneum that can encircle the aorta, iliac arteries, and ureters. About two thirds of retroperitoneal fibrosis cases are idiopathic, thought to be due to an autoimmune process of antibodies stimulating desmoplastic reaction. One third of cases are secondary to drugs (methysergide, beta-blockers, hydralazine, ergotamine, LSD) or diseases the stimulate desmoplastic reaction (tumors, infections, radiation, and Erdheim-Chester disease). Histology of IRF …

A Case Of Refractory Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia Requiring Hysterectomy After Methotrexate, Ida Micaily, Md, Saveri Bhattacharya, Do, Russell J. Schilder, Md

The Medicine Forum

Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) refers to a group of malignant conditions that develop due to abnormal fertilization causing abnormal proliferation of tissue. GTN is primarily treated with surgical evacuation of the underlying proliferative tissue. Approximately half of cases of GTN arise from molar pregnancy¹. GTN include invasive moles, choriocarcinomas, placentalsite trophoblastic tumors and epithelioid trophoblastic tumors. The most common risk factors associated with GTN are prior molar pregnancy, advanced maternal age (>40 years of age), and Asian and Native American ancestry^2-4. Following evaluation of a molar pregnancy, a post-molar GTN is diagnosed based on the …

A Rare Presentation Of A Clear Cell Variant Of Peritoneal Mesothelioma, Nivethietha Maniam, Md, Michael Lee, Md, Mihir M. Shah, Md, H. Richard Alexander, Md

The Medicine Forum

Primary malignant peritoneal mesothelioma with clear cell subtype is a rare malignancy with few previously reported cases. We present a 63-year-old female who presented with abdominal distention and was diagnosed with clear cell mesothelioma of the peritoneum with an isolated metastasis to the liver. The patient underwent surgical resection of a greater than 50 cm mass with en-bloc partial liver and gastric resection with an uneventful post-operative course. There are established prognostic and treatment recommendations for peritoneal mesothelioma based on histological subtype and patient-specific factors, although they do not explicitly incorporate clear cell subtype. This case report describes the presentation, …

A Slow Burning Diagnosis: A Case Report Of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Preceding The Diagnosis Of Subcutaneous Panniculitis-Like T-Cell Lymphoma, Steven Manobianco, Md, William Bradford, Md, Ida Micaily, Md, Adam Binder, Md

The Medicine Forum

HLH is a severe inflammatory syndrome characterized by primary or secondary immune dysregulation causing excess activation of macrophages and cytotoxic lymphocytes, leading to multi-system dysfunction. Diagnosing and managing HLH can be challenging for clinicians, with HLH-2004 criteria for diagnosis requiring a molecular diagnosis or the presence of at least five of the following: fever, splenomegaly, cytopenia involving two or more cell lineages, hypertriglyceridemia and/or hypofibrinogenemia, hemophagocytosis in the bone marrow, spleen or lymph nodes with no evidence of malignancy, low or no NK cell activity, elevated ferritin, or elevated soluble IL-2 receptor¹. These criteria have been utilized to …

Opioid-Induced Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency In A Young Patient With Chronic Pancreatitis, Amry Majeed, Nicholas Noverati, Md, Christine Kurian, Md, Shirin Jaggi, Do

The Medicine Forum

Opioid misuse is a national public health crisis that has contributed to a decrease in life expectancy in men and women in the US. From 1999-2017, the rate of drug overdose deaths tripled, largely due to the rise in opioid use¹. Despite widespread misuse, chronic opioid therapy still has a role in the clinical setting. Adverse effects include dizziness, nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression, and dependence². While these side effects are well- documented, other effects of opioids are less explored, including opioidinduced adrenal insufficiency^3,7. The typical presentation of adrenal insufficiency from any cause can include …

A Severe Case Of Hypertriglyceridemia In Alcoholic Hepatitis, Jillian Cooper

The Medicine Forum

A 53-year-old man with a past medical history of hypertension and alcohol abuse with prior episodes of alcoholic hepatitis presented to the hospital with generalized weakness. He was in his usual state of health until 4 days prior to admission when he began to develop generalized weakness, nausea, and vomiting. Notably, he had had multiple prior admissions with similar symptoms attributed to hyponatremia. He endorsed drinking a few beers daily but denied any other drug use. Review of systems was otherwise negative.

New-Onset Rheumatologic Disease In An Elderly Patient Initially Presenting As Worsening Sequelae Of Longstanding Peripheral Vascular Disease, Peri Levey, Lauren Lally, Md, Xuejun Alice Wang, Md, Vivek Batra, Md

The Medicine Forum

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that is believed to activate and attack nuclear antigens in genetically susceptible individuals after exposure to environmental factors causing cell damage.^1,2 Although it is most common in females of child-bearing age, initial presentation is not strictly limited to this population, as onset over the age of 50 years is reported in 3-18% of cases.² The common manifestations of SLE affect nearly every system of the body and may include arthralgia, myalgia, fever, rash, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, pleuritis, glomerulonephritis, pericarditis and neuropsychiatric manifestations.^1-3 Common laboratory findings in SLE with varying degrees …

Carbamazepine Induced Bullous Pemphigoid In A 49 Year Old Male, Brendan Gleason, Lisa Matonti, Pharmd, Bcps, Xuejun Alice Wang, Md, Bahar Dasgeb, Md

The Medicine Forum

Bullous pemphigoid is an autoimmune blistering condition mediated by autoantibodies1. It is categorized as an uncommon disorder2-4, with an estimated incidence of 2.4-21.7 cases per million2-6 but carries significant morbidity and mortality, warranting clinical awareness and investigation7,8. A number of medications have been implicated in the development of bullous pemphigoid including loop diuretics, ace inhibitors, and anti-epileptic drugs.

This is a case report of carbamazepine-induced bullous pemphigoid in a 49-year-old male after taking the medication for almost 30 years. Diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid was based on biopsy histology and immunofluorescence, as well as the presence of BP 180 antibody. Clinical …

A Case Of Native Hip Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Septic Arthritis Caused By Vesico-Acetabular Fistula, Tudor Sturzoiu, Md

The Medicine Forum

A 61-year-old man with a past medical history significant for metastatic rectal cancer treated with local resection, chemotherapy, and radiation complicated by vesicocutaneous fistula presented with subacute ambulatory dysfunction secondary to right hip pain. Imaging studies were consistent with a right hip effusion, and fluoroscopyguided hip aspiration revealed septic arthritis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Resistance patterns identified this strain of Pseudomonas to be the same one that caused pyelonephritis that was treated during the same hospitalization. Although further diagnostic imaging was not pursued, the presentation was most consistent with vesico-acetabular fistula causing native hip septic arthritis. This is a very …